by acclamation, elected its temporary colonel, the regi-
ment being long known as Father Dunne's Regiment.
It was christened the" Irish Legion," and mustered
into service September 22, 1862, under the following
officers:

Field an,! Staff. — Colonel, Timothy O'Meara; Lieutenant-
Colonel, Smith McCleavy; Major, Owen Stuart; Adjutant, Edwin
S. Davis; Quartermaster, Redmond Sheridan; Surgeon, Henry
Strong; First Assistant Surgeon, John B. Davidson; Chaplain,
Thomas F. Kelley.

Line Officers. — Co. "A": Captain, Patrick Flvnn; First Lieu-
tenant, James Conway; Second Lieutenant, Daniel Corcoran. Co.



-5°



HISTORY OF CHICAGO.



■«B": Captain. Michael W. Murphy; First Lieutenant. Thomas
Gray; Second Lieutenant. Charles Biilingale. Co. " C " : Captain
Patrick O'Marah; First Lieutenant. John C. Harrington; Second
Lieutenant, Thomas Murray. Co. " D" : Captain, David O'Con-
ner: First Lieutenant, lohn W. Kelley; Second Lieutenant,
Feter O'Brine. Co. "E ': Captain. Matthew Leonard; First
Lieutenant, lohn McAssev; Second Lieutenant. Lawrence S. Mc-
Carthy. Co". '• F" : Captain. Richard C. Kelley; First Lieutenant,
Patrick Feenev: Second Lieutenant, William White. Co. "G":
Captain. John Murphv: First Lieutenant, David Duffy; Second
Lieutenant, Patrick Campion. Co. " H " : Captain, Peter Lasev;
First Lieutenant, Andrew Liddle; Second Lieutenant, George W .
McDonald. Co. "I": Captain, William Cunningham; First
Lieutenant, Joseph Teahon; Second Lieutenant, John J. O'Leary.
Co. "K": Captain, Thomas K. Barrett; First Lieutenant, Peter
Real; Second Lieutenant, John Larkin.

On September 27, the " Irish Legion" left Camp
Douglas, nine hundred and eighty strong, for LaGrange,
Tenn.. whence it was sent, after four days' stay, to garri-
son Cold water, Miss. There it had a skirmish, December
20, with Van Dorn's cavalry, in which the latter was
repulsed. The 90th was then withdrawn to LaGrange,
where, on March 3, 1863, it was assigned to Colonel
John M. Loomis's brigade, which was composed of the
26th and 90th Illinois and the 12th and 100th Indiana.

On March 8, the brigade marched to Colliersville,
Tenn., and then, on June 7, left for Memphis. On the
following day, the brigade embarked for Haines's Bluff,
on the Yazoo; there joined Sherman's forces, and re-
mained in the vicinity of Yicksburg until its surrender.

On July 4, the 90th, with Ewing's division, pursued
Tohnston's retreating forces toward Jackson, returning
from there to Yicksburg, where it embarked for Mem-
phis. It then left Memphis, October 11, and took part
in the defense of Colliersville.

In the attack on Tunnel Hill, near Mission Ridge,
November 25, Loomis's brigade occupied the extreme
right of the line, fighting its way along the western base of
Mission Ridge, until it reached the railroad tunnel and
embankment. Two brigades sent to its support were
outflanked and driven back, but this, which formed the
main attacking column on the western side, kept
straight on in the face of the concentrated fire of artil-
lery and musketry from the ridge in front, and drove
the enemy to the shelter of the ravine beyond. In
General Sherman's words, the brigade " engaged in a
close struggle all day, persistently, stubbornly and well."
At about four o'clock, some of the guns which had been
concentrated at the north end of the ridge, were with-
drawn, or turned in an opposite direction against the
boys of the Cumberland, who were now assaulting the
center of Mission Ridge, and before night Tunnel Hill
was entirely abandoned by the Confederates. In the
assault on this position, Colonel Timothy O'Meara, of



^^m^hf



#or£)



the 90th Illinois, was killed, Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart
was so badly wounded that for months his life hung by
a thread, and Major Patrick Flynn was seriously
wounded. The total loss of the regiment was one hun-
dred and forty-three, killed, wounded and missing.

On the 26th, the regiment, with Sherman's forces,
started in pursuit of Bragg, following him through the
Chickamauga Valley, and, via Greysville, to Charleston,
on the Hiawassee River, where the division was ordered
to pro« «:•-! to Knoxville to relieve Burnside. Knoxville
was eighty four miles distant, and the soldiers were
half-clad, their shoes worn out, they were without ra-



tions, and the weather was cold and stormy. Still they
cheerfully pressed on, moving from Charleston, on De-
cember 2, and reaching Marysville on the 5th, where
tidings were received of Longstreet's retreat, and
Ewing's division was ordered to return to Athens,
whence it marched to Chattanooga, by way of Cleve-
land. General Sherman, speaking of the troops accom-
panying him from the Mississippi to Chattanooga, and
especially of the Fifteenth Corps, says:

" In reviewing the facts, I must do justice to my command for
the patience, cheerfulness and courage which officers and men have
displayed throughout, in battle, on the march, and in camp. For
long periods, without regular rations or supplies of any kind, they
have marched through mud and over rocks, sometimes barefooted,
without a murmur, without a moment's rest. After a march of
over four thousand miles, without a stop for three successive
nights, we crossed the Tennessee, fought our part of the battle of
Chattanooga, pursued the enemy out of Tennessee, and then
turned more than one hundred miles north, and compelled Long-
street to raise the siege of Knoxville, which gave so much anxiety
to the whole country. * * * I can not speak of the Fifteenth
Army Corps without a seeming vanity, but, as I am no longer its
commander, I assert that there is no better body of soldiers in
America than it, or who have done more or better service."

The regiment went into winter quarters at Scotts-
boro', Ala., and in the reorganization of the army for the
Atlanta campaign, in the spring of 1864, was assigned
to the First Brigade (Colonel Reuben Williams), Fourth
Division (General William Harrow), Fifteenth Army
Corps (Major-General John A. Logan, and, with the
Army of the Tennessee, moved from near Lee and Gor-
don's Mills, May 4, in the advance toward Johnston's
position, at Dalton, Ga., where the Confederate army
had concentrated. The 90th then moved to the vicinity
of Resaca, and participated in the engagement at Bald
Knob. Of Williams's brigade and the " Irish Legion,"
at Bald Knob, an eye witness says:

"Shortly after three o'clock, Colonel Williams's brigade, of
Harrow's division, emerged from the wooded hill to the left of the
road, and swinging round to the left of the Knob, entered the fight.
His right is in open field, but his left is somewhat sheltered by the
forest. From the time the brigade entered into action until five
o'clock in the evening, it battles and bleeds, and at night-fall bears
away five wounded officers, one killed, eighty-two wounded
soldiers and fourteen killed. The figures speak, for the gallantry
of the brigade, every regiment of which fought with all the bravery
and tenacity that the occasion demanded. To this brigade the
famous Irish regiment (the 90th Illinois) belongs. It is, indeed,
a proud spectacle to see America's adopted sons from the
Emerald Isle baring their breasts in battle, with the colors of the
Union and the green flag of Ireland floating side by side."

At night, Colonel Walcott's brigade relieved Colonel
W T illiams's, which was, however, engaged the following
day. The losses in the 90th Illinois, at Resaca, were
nineteen, killed, wounded and missing. Johnston
evacuated Resaca on the night of the 15th, and the
90th joined in the pursuit, arriving at Dallas on the
26th. On the 28th, a furious attack was made on the
Fifteenth Corps by Hardee, who afterward retreated
with terrible loss. The only loss of the 90th was four
men wounded on the skirmish line.

The following night, the Confederates made another
attack on the right of Sherman's line, but were again
repulsed. On June 15, Colonel Williams's brigade suc-
ceeded in gaining the enemy's flank, and W ; alcott's
brigade, of the same division, attacked the position —
which was the crest of a steep and wooded hill, held by
Alabama troops — in front. The charge was bravely
made, the men carrying the works that crowned the
crest of the hill, and taking portions of the 31st and
40th Alabama prisoners, to the number of more than
three hundred. Harrow lost but forty-five killed and
wounded. The division was not engaged in the assault
at Kencsaw Mountain, on the 27th. Following up the



NINETIETH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.



251



pursuit of Johnston's army, the division moved to
Decatur, where it arrived on the 19th, and the follow-
ing morning moved to the front of Atlanta. The corps,
which had advanced directly on the railroad from
Decatur, formed on each side of it ; General M. L.
Smith's division in the center and on the line of the
road, General Wood's on the right, and General Har-
row's on the left, or south, of the road. Where the
line crossed the railroad, there was a deep cut, which
was left open and uncovered by cross-fire. After the
violence of the battle on the extreme left of the line
was over, on the afternoon of the 2 2d, Hood made a
second attack, this time on the Fifteenth Corps. The
charge was made by Cheatham's corps, which advanced
along the line of the railroad, drove back the advance
regiments of the corps, and charged down the gorge,
or railroad cut, with the greatest fury — a portion reach-
ing quite to the rear of the Fifteenth Corps, where it
separated, a part scaling the bank to the left, the other
to the right, where they poured a destructive fire
directly on the flanks of the regiments next the road.
As these fell back from the breastworks, other regi-
ments poured up from the cut and over the works, form-
ing a solid column, and charging along the inside of the
Federal intrenchments. The center was totally dis-
lodged from its position, and fell back, through the
woods, to the right, where it re-formed, and, strength-
ened by the First Division, on the right, drove the
Confederates in turn over the works.

The rebel regiments which climbed the bank south
of the railroad where Harrow's brigades and the left
of the Second Division held the works, did not have as
good success. Although the enfilading fire drove the
men back from the breastworks twice, they rallied as
often, repulsed the Confederates, and held their ground.
It was a desperate struggle — the men fought over the
works hand to hand, with bayonets and with breech,
but they held their ground, and drove the enemy back
to his works before the city. The loss of the 90th was
thirty-five, killed, wounded and missing.

Harrow's division remained in its position, south of
the railroad and east of the city, until the 26th of July,
when it was transferred, with the Army of the Ten-
nessee, to the right of Sherman's line, at Ezra Church,
west of Atlanta. There, on the 2Sth, the 90th partici-
pated in an engagement with the enemy, under General
S. D. Lee, who moved out from his intrenchments to
attack the Fifteenth Corps. Lee was repulsed, after a
hard-fought battle, in which the 90th lost twenty-two,
killed and wounded. Some four hundred yards in
front of the position of the corps at Ezra Church, the
Confederates had a long line of rifle-pits, from which
their skirmishers kept up a constant and harassing fire
on Logan's troops. On August 3, Logan ordered a
charge on these troublesome pits; which were taken, in
the morning, with little resistance, and held about two
hours, at which time the enemy issued in force from
his main works, to re-take them. Preparations not
having been completed to defend them against so large
a force, the men were re-called to their reserves, and, in
the afternoon, details were again made from Harrow's
and Lightburn's divisions to re-capture and hold the pits.
Portions of three regiments from Harrow's division
— including half of the 90th, — led by Major Brown, of
the 70th Ohio, advanced at about four o'clock in the
afternoon, this time in the face of a heavy artillery and
musketry fire from the enemy's works, and again cap-
tured the long line of rifle-pits, with fifty additional
prisoners. Major Brown, leading the detail, was killed



at the head of his men. The 90th lost seven men,
killed and wounded.

It was again engaged, at Jonesboro', Ga., August
31, 1864, at which place the division fought Cleburne's
division, of Hardee's corps ; the 90th losing sixteen
men, killed, wounded and missing. It was also in the
final engagement of the campaign, at Lovejoy Station,
September 2, from whence it returned to East Point,
and went into camp.

In the organization of the army, at Atlanta, for the
" march to the sea," the 90th Illinois was transferred to
Colonel Oliver's brigade, Hazen's (Second) division, of
the Fifteenth Army Corps, General Osterhaus com-
manding. On October 4, the command broke camp at
East Point, Ga., and, crossing the Chattahoochee,
marched, via Allatoona, to Rome, and thence passing
through Resaca, Snake Creek Gap, Villanow, and La
Fayette, went into camp on Little River, near Gavles-
ville, on the 21st. On the 25th, it was engaged in a
skirmish at Gadsden, and on the 29th commenced the
return march to Atlanta, arriving at Smyrna Camp
Ground, near the Chattahoochee, November 5. On the
15th, it started for Savannah, and reached Summertown
on the 30th. Crossing the Ogeechee on the 7th of
December, it drove the enemy from the bank, and, on
the 1 2th, re-crossed at King's Bridge, and moved down
its right bank toward Fort McAllister.

On the 13th the division marched to within about
a mile of the fort, and, at fifteen minutes to five o'clock
p. m., had completely invested it. The bugle then
sounded, and the 90th, with eight other regiments de-
ployed for the charge, rushed forward — over the line of
torpedoes which had been laid outside the works; over
and under and through abattis, ditches and breastworks;
fighting until the enemy was driven to the last extremity
and surrendered. The 90th lost three men killed and
fourteen wounded, and was one of the first regiments to
reach the works.

With Hazen's division, the 90th moved from Savan-
nah to Beaufort, S.C., in January, 1865, and thence, in
February, marched to Columbia, which was reached on
the 1 6th. The division was engaged in the skirmish
line at Bentonville, N. C, March 21, and went into
camp at Goldsboro' on the 25th, where, on the 6th of
April, news was received of the fall of Richmond. On
April 12, Sherman's army moved from Goldsboro' against
Johnston; Hazen's division pushing on through Raleigh
and Hillsboro'; and, after the capitulation of Johnston,
to Richmond, and thence to Washington, where the 90th
participated in the grand review on May 24. June 6, it
was mustered out of service, and immediately started for
home, arriving at Chicago, June 10, 1865. On its re-
turn the regiment numbered only two hundred and fifty,
of whom forty-one were crippled beyond carrying a
musket. Three hundred of its number had been lost in
battle, and the remainder by the various casualties of
war. The following was the return roster of the regi-
ment:

Colonel, Owen Stuart; Lieutenant-Colonel, (vacant); Major.
Patrick Flynn; Adjutant, Edward S. Davis; Quartermaster, Red-
mond Sheridan ; Surgeon, Charles A. Thompson ; Assistant-Sur-
geon, John H. Scott; Sergeant-Major, Thomas McDonald; Quarter-
master-Sergeant, John F. Hoben; Commissary-Sergeant, Lawrence
Bracken; Musicians, P. II. Sloan and Charles Dunn. Co. "A":
Captain, Daniel Corcoran; First Lieutenant, Andrew Phinney.
Co. "B": Captain, Michael \V. Murphy; First Lieutenant, Thomas
Gray. Co. "C": Captain. James Dunne; First Lieutenant, James E.
Casey. Co. " D " Captain, Daniel O'Conner; First Lieutenant,
John W. Kelley. Co. " E ": Captain, David H. Duffy; First Lieu-
tenant, William Brice. Co. " F ": Captain, Patrick Feeney; First
Lieutenant, William White. Co. "G"; Captain, John Murphy;



HISTORY OF CHICAGO.



First Lieutenant, Patrick Campion. Co. " H ": Captain, Michael
M.Clark: First Lieutenant, Lawrence S. McCarthy. Co. "I":
Captain, Thomas Murray : First Lieutenant, Timothy Mahoney.
Co. "K": Captain. John McAssey; First Lieutenant, Jeremiah F.
Riordan.

On Monday, June 12, the regiment was escorted
from Camp Fry, through the streets of the city to the
Sanitary Fair, by General John M. Loomis, and those of
his old command in Chicago, where it was welcomed by
Hon. Richard Yates in a complimentary speech, and
afterward marched to the residence of Rt. Rev. Dr.
Dunne. South Desplaines Street, forming in front of the
house and giving three hearty cheers for the " Father of
the Regiment." It then marched to the school-house
connected with St. Patrick's Church, where Father
Dunne affectionately welcomed his boys to their home,
and Rev. Dr. Brennan read resolutions of congratulation
and respect to the Irish Legion passed at a meeting of
the Catholic Irish citizens of Chicago. The regiment
then marched back to Camp Fry, where it was paid and
received its final discharge a few days later.

Major John Murphy was born in County Wexford, Ireland,
June 22, 1S41, the son of James and Mary (Bent) Murphy. He
attended the common schools until he was fifteen years of age,
when he left his native country, to make for himself a name and a
fortune. He arrived in Chicago, in April, 1S56, and was employed
by Murphy & Savage in the Marine Engine Works. There he
became a proficient machinist, and was with the firm nearly six
ycir*. At the end of that time he left this city for Pike's Peak,
and remained in Colorado for about two years, returning to Chi-
cago to purchase mining machinery for the Colorado mines.
Instead, however, he raised a company for the 67th Illinois, under
Colonel Hough. He was immediately commissioned second lieu-
tenant, in which capacity he served for four months, doing duty at
Camp Douglas guarding the prisoners of war. He then organized
a company for the goth Illinois, recruiting it in this city, and was
made its captain, being assigned to General Denver's division. In
the battle of Mission Ridge, Captain Murphy distinguished him-
self in advancing the skirmish line, and, as a reward for his
bravery, received what few men were ever honored with, a general
order from the brigade, division, corps and department, compli-
menting him on his efficient services as an officer. Soon after the
fall of Atlanta, Sherman's army moved on to the sea, and with it
all that was left of the gallant goth Illinois. Major Murphy,
having passed through twenty-nine battles, came from the army
wearing the proudest laurels of a soldier — the consciousness of
having rendered his country service in her time of need, and of
defending the flag which he had chosen from all the world as his
standard of free thought and liberty. He was mustered out at
Chicago, in June, 1865, and, returning to civil life, opened a small
store, at the corner of Pearson and Wells streets, and maintained
it successfully until the great fire swept it away. Soon after the
fire, he established another grocery business, on West Indiana
Street, remaining there temporarily until 1S72, when he moved his
stock back to the North Side. The next year he was elected col-
lector of the North Town, and gave up the grocery business to
establish a livery, which he did in company with Simon Stafford,
the partnership continuing until the present time. He was first
married, in 1S65, to Miss Hannah C. Geary, of Chicago, by which
marriage he has one son, James P. He was married the second
time to Mi-s Mary O'Byrne, of Chicago. Mr. Murphy is a
staunch Republican, having served the North Division of the city
as supervisor, in 1876, and as alderman from the Seventeenth
Ward, in [881-82. At the time of the organization of the 2d
Regiment of the Illinois National Guards, he served in the
capacity of major and lieutenant-colonel.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH ILLI-
NOIS INFANTRY.

"The Third Board-of-Trade Regiment" was

the last military organization perfected under the aus-
' that body. It was formed under the call of July,
1862, for three hundred thousand volunteers, and was
filled up by consolidating four Cook County companies
with three from Iroquois and three from Kankakee coun-
ties, the organization being effected on the 1 6th of Sep-
tember. On October I, the regiment was mustered into



United States service, the following being the original
roster :

Field and Staff. — Colonel, Geo. B. Hoge; Lieutenant-Colonel,




John W. Paddock; Major, Lucius H. Yates; Adjutant, Daniel S.
Parker; Quartermaster, William A. McLean; Surgeon, Joel M.
Mack; First Assistant-Surgeon, Lucien B. Brown; Chaplain, Adam
L. Rankin.

Line Officers. — Co. " A" (Chicago): Captain, George R.
Clarke (promoted major); First Lieutenant, Henry W. B. Hoyt
(promoted captain); Second Lieutenant, Daniel Ferguson (pro-
moted first lieutenant). Co. " B ": Captain, Cephas Williams;
First Lieutenant, Andrew Beckett; Second Lieutenant, John Jeff-
coat. Co. "C " (Chicago): Captain, George W. Lyman; First
Lieutenant, William E. Barry; Second Lieutenant, Harvey T. Hos-
mer (promoted captain). Co. "D ": Captain, Robert B. Lucas;
First Lieutenant, David H. Metzgar; Second Lieutenant, George
B. Fickle. Co. " E ": Captain, Mason Southerland; First Lieu-
tenant, U. R. Burlingham; Second Lieutenant, Charles D. Trum-
bull. Co. "F": Captain, William J. Bridges; First Lieutenant,
Joseph Rogers; Second Lieutenant, William German. Co. "G"
(Chicago): Captain, John G. Woodruff; First Lieutenant, Frank
Brown; Second Lieutenant, James J. Conway. Co. " H ": Captain,
Bliss Sutherland; First Lieutenant, Harrison Daniels; Second
Lieutenant, Aquilla C. Cowgill. Co. " I ": Captain, George
West; First Lieutenant. Anderson Tyler; Second Lieutenant,
Aaron F. Kane Co. " K ": Captain, Silas J. Garrett; First Lieu-
tenant, Levi Sargent; Second Lieutenant, Charles Squires.

During October, the 113th was employed in guard-
ing rebel prisoners at Camp Douglas, leaving Chicago
November 6, 1862, for Memphis, where it was assigned
to the Second Brigade (Colonel Giles A. Smith\ Fourth
Division (General Morgan L. Smith), Sherman's (Fif-
teenth) corps, and remained encamped at Memphis until
November 26, when it marched with the corps on the
so-called Tallahatchie Expedition, the force under Sher-
man moving to the Tallahatchie River, and joining
Grant's expedition against Vicksburg, at Oxford, Miss.
After its return from this expedition, December 12, it
remained encamped at Memphis until December 24,
when it embarked, with its division, at Memphis, disem-
barked at Milliken's Bend, twenty miles above Vicks-
burg, the following day, and marched fifteen miles west
into Louisiana, to destroy a portion of the still uncom-
pleted Vicksburg & Shreveport Railroad. After suc-
cessfully accomplishing this task, it marched to join
Sherman's army on the Yazoo River. The brigade was
in reserve in the battles at Chickasaw Bayou, on the
27th and 28th, losing only two men wounded. Gen-
eral Morgan L. Smith, division commander, was wounded
in the first day's engagement, and the Fourth Divis-
ion was then temporarily commanded by General David
Stuart.

On January 2, 1863, the troops proceeded to Milli-
ken's Bend, and moved up White River fifteen miles,
thence by the " cut off " across eight miles to the Arkan-
sas, and up that river to Fort Hindman, or the Post of
Arkansas, which was a strong fortification, thirty-five
miles up the river, completely commanding its navi-
gation. The parapet of the works there erected
was eighteen feet across, with a ditch twenty-five
feet wide by eight deep, with strong casemates, a
banquette for infantry, and a strong line of rifle-pits.
On January 10, the land forces debarked three miles
below the fort, Stuart's division advancing by the road
running near the river to within half a mile of the
works. In this advance, Co. "A," 113th, was detailed



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY,



253



as the support for two sections of Silversparre's battery.
After driving the enemy from their rifle-pits, the regiment
had to cross an open swamp, commanded by the guns
of the fort. There Lieutenant Daniel Ferguson, Co.
•' A," Chicago, lost his leg by the explosion of a shell.
The men laid on their arms that night, without fires or
tents, and at half-past ten Sunday morning were in line
of battle, ready to storm the works. General Stuart's
division occupied the right center.

At one o'clock the gunboats opened fire, and half
an hour later Giles M. Smith's brigade charged up to