I will to them the same indulgence show.
And bliss like mine thy kingship he*et shall know.
SATIRE IV.
The comic poets, in its earliest age
ViTiio form'd the manners oC the Grecian stage.
Was there a villaiu, who might justly claim
A better right of being damn'd to fame,
Rake, cat-throat, thief, whatever was his crime.
They freely stigmatised the wretch iu rhyme.
From their example whole Lucilius rose,
Tho* differsot measures, different verse he chose.
He rallied with a gay and easy air.
But rude his numbers, and his style severe.
He weakly fancied it a glorious feat
His hundred lines extem^re to repeat.
And aa his verses like a torrent roll.
The fftream runs muddy, and the water*s fouU
He prattled rhymei ; but lazy and unfit
For writing well ; for Bwcby I own, he writ
VOX. XIX.
Crispinus thus my littleneas de6es :
' Here make the smali^t bet," the boaster cries.
V
F
V
A
K
B
C
A
Ii
T
V
T
T
L
T
A
t<
Ii
A
A
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T
T
I
n
A
O
t
\^
T
Some therefore ask, " t^an comedy be thotight
A real poem, since it may be wrought ' '
In style and subject without firo or force,
And, bate the numbers, is but mere discourse ?"
But yet in passion'd tone the sire can chide
His spendthrift son, who spurns the portionM b'ride.
And keep9 a common wench, or deep in dritik
Keels in fair day-light (shameful I) with his liuk.
Yet could i*omponius from his father hear.
Were lie alive, a lecture less severe ? .
*Tis not enough your language to refine.
When, if you break the measures of the line.
In comdiob life an angry father's rage
Is but the same as Demea's on the stage.
Take from Lucilius' verses, or from mine,
llic cadences, and ipcasures of the line.
Then change their order, and the words transpose.
No more the scattered poet's limbs it shows ;
Kot so — When hideous Discord bursts the bars,
And iron gates, to pour forth all her wars.
Of this enough ; some future work shall show,
Whettier 'tis real poetry, or no.
Now tell ine, whether satire shouM appear.
With reason, such an object of your fear ?
Zz
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•706
FRANblS'S TRANSLATION
Salcios, and Cs^prios, fiercest of their trade,
fioarse with the virulence, with which they plead,
When thro* the streets they stalk with libels ann'd,
Mark how the thieves and robbers are alarmM i
Bat yet the man of honest hands and prure
May scorn them both, in innooetxie secure :
Or though like Coelius you a villain be,
Toi no iofomier : whence your fears of me ?
With' printers and' their shops I wsret deal ^
Ko rubric pillar sets my works i6 sale,
O^er which the hands of vulgar readers sweat.
Or whose soft strains Tigellius can repeat.
Even hy my friends compel t*d, I read my lays,
Nor every place nor every audience please.
FdH many bards the public forum choose
I
and,
ind.
»rt,
srt?
u
ise,
And courts of prating petulance the praise;
Of things he never saw who teRs his tale.
And 'firiendsbip's secrets knows not to conceal —
This jnan is vile : here, Heman, fix yonr mark ;
His soul is black, as his complexion's dark.
At tables, crowded with a dozeti guests.
Some oqe shaTl scatter round bis fri^d jests.
And only spare bis host, until the bowl.
Fair friend of truth, unlocks hi^ inmost sonl;
Yet, iffaough a cruel joker you detest.
He seems a courteous, well-bred,*easy guest«
But if ha idle raillery I said,
Rufiilns witfr perfumes distracts my head.
While foul Gorgonius breathes a ranker air.
You think me most envenomed and severe.
If we, by ehance, that thief Petillins name.
You, as your custom is, defend his fame.
•* raillius is my friend ; from early yooth
Cheerful we liv'd together, and in truth
I have been much indebted to his power.
And I rejoice to find his danger o'er.
But in the name of wander be it said.
At that same triar how he sav*d his head !"—
Such rancour this, of such a poisonous vein.
As never, never, shall my paper stain ;
Much kss infect my heart, if I may dare
For my own heart, in any thing, to swear.
Yet some indulgence I may justly claim.
If too familiarwith another*s fame.
The best of fathers, on my youthful breast.
The detestatJOir of a vice imprest
By stroug examples. Would be have me live
€k)ntent with what his industry could give,
In frugal, sparing sort, " Behold, my son,
Young Albius there, how wretch^ly undone !
Yet no mean lesson is the spendthrift's fate
To caution youth from squandering their estate. '*
To fright me from the harlot's vagrant bed,
** Behold Scetanius, and his ruin dread :"
That I might ne'er pursue the wedded dame,
** A lawful Venus will indulge your flame.
My son, by poor Trebonius be advisM ;
Sure, 'tis no plea£«nt tale to be surprised.
*' 'Twist right and wrong tUe fearaed may deddei
With wise distinctions may yonr oondact goidej
Be mine the common wisdom, that inspires
The frugal manners of our ancieOt sires,
And, while your youth may yet a totor ebiini.
To guard your virtue, and preserve your fitme;
But soon as time confirms, with stronger tone,
Your strength and mmd, your conduct be your owa^
Thus did be form my youth with lenient hand.
When he for virtue urg'd the soft command,
Pointing some awf\il senator to view,
** His grave example canstantly puisue."
Would Be dissuade me? ** Gao you doubt," heeriei,
*' That equal ruin and dishonour rise
From such an action, when that scoundrel's nsne
Is'branded with the flagrant marks of sbame }"
A neighbour's funeral, with dire affirigbt.
Checks the siek man's intemperate appetilp ;
So is the shame of others oft imprest
With wholesome terrours on the youthful breuL
-Thus, pure from more pernicious crimes I Uie:
Some venial frailties you may well forgive.
For such I own I have ; and yet even these,
A length of time, although l^<siow degrees,
A friend, whose candour freely, may reprove.
Or my own reason, shall perimps remove ;
For in my bed, or in the colonnade
Sauntering, I call reflectioo to my aid.
** This was well done. Here happiness atteodn
Hiis conduct makes me pleasing to my firieods.
Were that man's actions of a b^uteoos kind?
Oh 1 may I never be to such inclin'd !"
THUS, silently I talk my conduct o'er.
Or trifle with the Muse an idle hour ;
For which, among my frailties, I demand
Forgiveness, and shall call a powerful band.
If you refuse, of poets to my aid,
(Well fought with numbers is the rhymlqg tak)
To force you, like the proselyting Jews,
To b^, like us, a brother of the Muse.
SATIRE V.
LsAviNc imperial Rome, my course I steer
To poor Aricia, and its moderate cheer.
FroAi all the Greeks, in rhetorician lore.
The prize of learning my companion bore.
To Forum-Appii thence we Aeer, a place
Stuff 'd with raak boatmen, and with vintners bsie^
And laggard into two days' journey broke
What were but one to less-encomber'd folk:
The Appian road, howensr, yields mott pleasure^
1'o those who choose to travel at their leisure
llie water here was of so foul a stream.
Against my stomach I a war proclaim.
And wait, ^ho' not with much good-humour wail.
While with keen appetites niy comrad)es'eat
The Night o'er Earth now spread berdosky shadi^
And thro' the Heavens her starry train display'd ;
What time, between the slaves and hoateeh rtM ,
Quarrels of clamorous rout. The boatman cries,
" Step in, my masters ;" when with open throat, .
'* Enough, you scoundrel ! will you sink the boat ?"
Thus, while the mule is hi\me8S^d, and we pay
Our freights, an hour in wrangling slips away.
The fenny frogs with croakings lioarse and deepb.
And gnats, loud buzziug, drive away our sleep.
Drench'd in the lees of wine, tba wat'ry twaJB
And passenger, in loud aHemate stiaiii,
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Of HORACE'S satires: fiOOK L
^(/t
nianl foHh ibe aBMOt^r, w\to mama hirlMMtt,
^ill weaned paisenger retirai to rest.
>ur clumsy bargemen »ead% bb nhile td pntte,
knd the toiigk cable to a h)ck belays,
li6a snores supine; bnt when at rising ligiit
>ur boat stood still, up starts a balr-braltt>d wight ;
Vith tallow Gu^l breaks the bargemin's pate,
Lod bangt the mute at a welU&vour'd rate.
lience onward labouring with a world of paitty
Lt ten. Fetonia, we thy-^ontahi gain :
"here land and bathe ; then aftei* dinner creep
*hree tedioos miles, and climb the rocky sttetl
Vhence Anxur shines. Maecenas was to nfeet
kxsceius here, to iettle things of weight ;
^or they had oft in embassy been join^v
ind reciMidrd the masters Of mankind. > '
lere wiiile I bath'd my eyes with cooHog olnl-
ihent
"hey both arr^T'd, aobording to appointmeirt ;
^ontelns too, a man of worth approVd,
knd ho man mom by Antony faeloT*d.
Laughing we leave an entertainment rare,
lie paltry pomp of Fundi's foolish mayor^
*he scrivener ttttcns; now with pride elate,
Vith incense ftim'd, and big with robes of state,
'rem thence our wearied troop at Formin rests,
iforena's lodgets, and Fontcius* guests.
Jext rising morn with double joy We greet,
W Plotius^ "Varitis, Virgil, here we meet #
>ure spiHts these ; the World no purer knows ;
Not- none my heart With more aflfection glows i
low oft did we embtace ! our joys bow great !
'or sure fiO blessing in the powcnr of fate
^ be compared, in sanity of mind,
?o fHteds of such companionable kind*
Near the (jampanian bridge that night we lay,
Vhere conmistorles our etpense defray,
^rly next morn to Capua we came ;
itdbcenas goes to teUnb; hurtful game
^o a weak stomach, and to tender eyes,
10 down to sleep with Vh^l, Horace lies.
Phen by Oocceius we were nobly treated,
^hose house above the Caudian tavern's seated.
And now, O Muse, in feithful numbers tell
rhe memorable squabble that befel,
Vhen Messius and Sarmentus join'd in fight,
knd whence descended each illustrious wight,
if essias, of high descent, IVom^-Osci came ;
lis mistress might her slave Sarmentus claim,
'rom such fam'd ancestry our champions riae—
• Hear me, thou hor«e-fiiCd rogue!" Sarmentus
cries ;
Ve laugh J when Messius, throwing up his head,
Accepts the challenge. ** O !>' Sarmentus said,
• K you can threaten now, what would you do,
lad not the horn been rooted out, that grew
^ull in thy front ?" A gash, of deep disgrace,
)ad stainM the grisly honours of his face :
rhen on his country's infamous disease,
Lnd h'ls own face, his ribaldry displays ;
Jegs bim the one-eyed Cyclop's part to dance,
lincc he nor mask nor tragic buskins wants.
Mesiius replied, in virulence of strain : ^
' Pid you to Saturn consecrate your chain ?
The' you were made a scrivener since your flight,
Tet that can never hurt your lady's right
lut, prithee, wherefore did you run away ^
Idethinks, a single pound of bread a day
dightsucba sleek, thin-gutted rogue content:"
Uid thus the jovial length of night we spent.
At our next inn our host was almost WnM,
While some lean thrushes at the fire h^ tum'd^
Through bfs old kitchen volb the god efate.
And to the roof the vagrant flames aspire. *"
fiutlionfer all our terroors overcame, ' '[^
We fly to save our meat, and qnench the flame.
Apulia now my native mountains shows.
Where the north wind bttms fh>re, and parcbmg
blowsj
Nor oo«kl we well have cllmVd Che steepy haigfat, '
Did we not at a neighbouring village bait.
Where trook greeh w6od the ^monklering flamet
And with a smoky sorr6w fill our eye#.
In chariots thence at a large rate we came
Eight leagues, and baited at a town, whose name,
CaAnot in vetse and measures be esrprest,
But Buy by marks and tokens w«ir be ^uesi^. '
lu water, natare^ cheapest eHemeot, ' '
I> bought and sold | its bread mo^t exdOMti \
Whiqh wary tilsvellers provide with cai^, *
And on their shoulders to Caaosium bear.
Whose bread is gritty, aad its wealth!^ stream
Poor. as the toWns of uapoetic name.
Here Varius leaves us, and with tears be goef : '
With equaltendemess Our soirrow ftowi.
Onward to Robi wearily we tolPd,
The jonniey long, tiie road with rain wiur sp6i^d.
To Barium, fam'd fbr fish, we reachM next day.
The weather lair*r, bat much worse the wtiy. '
Then water-cars^d Egnatia gave ns jok^.
And laughter great, to hear the moon-struck folk
Assert, if incense on their altars lay.
Without the help ef fire it melu away^
The sons of circumci^on may receive
The wondrous tele, which I shall ne'er believei
For 1 have better leam'd, in blissful ease
That the good gods enjoy immortal dayiy
Nor anxiously their native skies fbrsake.
When miracles the laws of nature break.
From thence our travels to Brundusium bend.
Where oar long journey and my paper end.
SATIRE VI.
TO MJBCBIIAS.
Tro*, since the Lydians fill'd the Tuscan ooastS| -
No richer blood than yours Etruria boasts ;
Though your great ancestors have armies led.
You don't, as many do, with soom upbraid
The man of birth unknowa, or torn the note
On me, who from a race of slaves arose :
While you regard not, from what low degree
A man's descended, if his mind be free;
Convinc'd, that long before th' ignoble reign
And power of TuUius, from a servile strain
Full many rose for virtue high renown'd.
By worth ennobled, and with honours crown'd ?
While he, who boasts that ancient race bis own.
Which drove the haughty Tarqnin from the tbronen '
Is vile and worthless in the people's eyes :
The people, who, yon know, bestow the prize
To men most worthless, and, like slaves to fame, '
With foolish reverence hail a titled name,
And, rapt, with awe-struck admiration gaze
When the long race its images displays.
But how shall we, who difier far and wide
Froid thg mere vulgar, this great point decida ^
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90S
FRANCIS^ TRANSLATIOK
P6r grant, tke erowd fon^e high^irth'4 Mooiidrel
choote, ^
And to the low4x)ni ibao of worth tefiise
( Because loV'boro) the honours of the state,
ShiUl ire from thenoe their vi<ie or rirtoe rale }
Were I expelled the seoate-hoose with foom.
Justly, perhaps, because thus meaoly bonu
I fondly wander'd from my native sphen» $
Yet shall I with less real worth appear ^
Chain'd to her beamy car,' Fame drags along
The meaA, the great, an undistinguish'dtbrang.
Poor Tillius, when compell'd, in luckless honr.
To quit your purple robe and tribune's jiowcr,
A larger share of envy was thy fate,
Whic^ had beeii lessened in a private state.
For in black sandals when a coxcomb's drest.
When floats the robe empurpled down his breast,
Instanc./* .Wha| pMn is this ? '* ho round him hears^
'* And who his ikther V* As when one appears
Sick of voor fever, Barms, todesice:
That all the, world his beauty should, pdmire.
Anxious our girls inquire, " What mien and air.
What leg and foot he hat, what teeth and hair !^
So ne, who promises to guard the state.
The jpods, the temples, and th' imperial seat.
Makes etefy mortal ask his father's name.
And not less curious of his mother's ftime* '
*1 And«ball a Syrian's son, like you, premime
1*0 hurl the free-bom citizens of Borne
Prom the Tarpeian rock's tremendous height.
Or to the hangman Cadmus give their, fate V*
TILltOS.
My colleague sits below me one de^^ree ;
For NoviuSf {ike my father, was made free.
HORACE.
Shall you for this a true Messala seem.
And rise a Paulus in your own esteem i
But when \wo htindred waggons crowd the street,
And three long ftlilerals in possession meet,
Beyeod the fifes and horns his voice he raises.
Ana sure such strength of lungs a wondrous praise
As for myself, a f^ed-man's son confest, [is.
A freed-nian*s son, the public scorn and jest.
That now with you I joy the social hour,
That once a Roman l^ion own'd my power ;
But though they envied my command in war.
Justly perhaps, yet sure 'tis different far
To gain your friendship, where no sdrvile art.
Where only men of merit claim a part
Nor yet to chance this happiness I owe j
Friendship like youra it had not to bestow.
First, ray best Virgil, then my Varius told.
Among my friends what character 1 hold :
^luni intHKlucM, in few and faltering words
(Such as an infant modesty aflbrdt)
I did not tell you my descent was great.
Or that I wanderM rotmd my country-seat
On a proud steed in richer pastures bred:
but « hat I redly was, 1 frankly said.
Short was your anitwer, in your usual strain ;
I ^e my leave, nor wait on you again.
Till, nine months paft, cogag'd and bid to hold
A place among yoncf««»arer Wends enroU'd.
An ^lonour thin, mcthinks, of nobler kind.
That innocent uf h^art and pure of mind,
TlK>ugh with no titled Mrlh, I gain'd his love,
W hose judgwent can discern, whose choice approi'e.
If some few Venial faults deform my soul,
^\Jk6 a fair face when spotted with a mole).
If none wifii avarice Jna^ hrattfl my fMt,
with soi^idness, or deeds too vStotftaMt)
If pureaodimioeeat: if dear'(fbrsive
These little p raises ) to my friends I live,
My father was the eauae, who, though msiBtiM
By a lean farm but poorly, yetdisdaia'd
The country schoolmaster, to whose kw csis
The mighty captain sent his higlHboni hsir.
With tatebel, oopy4xM>k, and pdf to pay
The wretched teacher ne th' appohited day.
To Rome by this bold fisther was I bmi^
To learn those arts which well-hoiti yootk aie
. tought.
So drest and so attended, yoawooldswmr
I was some senator's expensive heir :
Himself my guardian, of unblemish'dtrathi
Ameng my tutors wouUI attend my y^atk.
And thus preserv*d my chastity of mind
(That prime of vutue m ita highest kind)
Not only pure fnm guilt, hut ev'n the sbsme
That might with vilesuspiekm hurt my friM|
Nor fear'd to be reproach'd, although my fris
Should ^ my fortune in soise meaner stati^
From which some trivial petqumtes arise,
Or make me, like himself, collector of ems»
For this my heart, frtr from complaiaiagipi|>
A larger debt of gratitude and praise;
Nor, while my senses hold» shall I repent
Of such a father, nor with prkle resrat,
As mfusy do, th' involnnt'ry digraoe,
Not to be bora of an illustrious race.
But not with theirs my sentimeoits agrse ,
Or language i fbr, if natqre shouhi decree.
That we from any stated point might live
Our former years, and to our cho|oeshoQldgi«t
Thesirevy to whom we wish'd to be allied,
I^ others.choose to gratify their pride ^
While I, contented with my own, resign
The titled honours of an ancient line.
This may hs madoem m the people's eyes,
But, in your judgment, not, perhaps, nniiiei
That I refuse to bear the pomp of state,
Unus'd and much unequal to the wetghL
Instant a larger fortune must he made^
To purchase voles my low nddr^^mes paid;
Whether a jaunt or journey I propose.
With me a crowd of new oompamons goes,
While, anxMMis to complete a length of trsi%
Domestics, horses, chariots, I maintain.
But now, as chance or pleasure is my guide,
Upon my bob^tail'd mule alone I ride.
Oaird is his crupper with my wallet's wdjdii;
His shoulder shows his rider's awkward seat.
Yet no penurious vileness e'er shall staia
My name, as when, great prmtor, with joor tam
Of five poor slaves, you carry where you diae
Your travelling kitchen, and 3rour flask of wise.
Thiis have 1 greater blenings in my power,
Than you, proud senator, and thousands BOff^
Alone I wander, as by &ncy led,
I cheapen herbs, or ask the price of bread;
I listen,. while diviners tell their tale.
Then homeward hasten to my frugal meal.
Herbs, pulse, and pancakes; euh
plato;
^^ile three domestics at my supper wait
A bowl on a whito marblc-Uble sUnds,
Two goblets, and a ewer to wash my handn
An hallowM cup of true Campanian clay»
iMy pore libatiout to the gods to ^y.
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OF HORACE'S SATIRES. BO^K I.
709
^ then r^tiie to rest* nor anxious fear ^
Before dread Marsyas early to appear,
Whoie Yery^ statue swears it cannot brook
The meanness of that slave-bom jadge^s loolu
I sleep till ten ; then take a walk, or choose
A book, perhaps, or trifle with the Muse ;
For che«rful exercise and manly toil
Anoint my body with the pliant oil,
But not with such at Natta*s, when he vamps
His filthy limbs, and robs the public lamps.
But when the Sun pours down his fiercer fire.
And bids me from the toilsome sport retire,
I haste to bathe, then decently re^le
My craving stomach with a fi'ugal meal,
Enough to nourish nature for a day,
T^en trifle my domestic houjrs away.
Such is the fife from bad ambition free ;
Such comfort has the man low-bom fike roe ;
With which t feel myself more truly bTest,
Tlian if my sire? the aussftQr'^ power possj^
SATIRE VII.
How mongrel Persiut, in his wratbfbl mood,
rhat outlawM wretch, Rupilius King, pursued
iVith poi8on9us filth, and venom all bis owq.
To barbers and to blear-ejed folk is known.
Persius had wealth by foreign traffic gain'd,
ind a vexatious suit with King roaintain'd.
Presumptuous, vain, and obstinate the wight,
[^nquering even King in vimlence of spite;
fn bitterness of speech outstripped the wiijd,
ind left the swift* tongued Barms far behind.
Now to the Kjn^ returns oiir wandering tale,
^heo all fair means of reconcilement fail
For men are obstinate when war's proclaimM,
U they with inward courage are inflamM ;
Vhen Hector and Achilles fierce engaged,
)ire was the conflict, and to death they rag»d :
ind why ? because the gallant thirst of (atae,
"he love of glory, was in both ext|reilie.
tut if a quarrel between cowards rise,
)r between chiefs of less hcn^ic size,
'laucus tp'Diomed is forcM to yield,
"he dastard buys his peace, and quits the field).
What time o*er Asia with praetorial sway
reat Brutiis mlM, began this dire afiray.
ersius and King, intrepid pair, engage,
Vf ore equal champions never mounted stage)
nd now they rush impetuous into court, *
ine was the sight, and delicate the sport.
orsius begins ; loud bursts of laughter rise ;
e praises Brutus, Brutus, to the skies,
Brutus, lijie SqI, o*er Asia pours the doy ;
is friends ^re stars, and healtbful is their ray,
iccept the King; he like the dog-star reigns,
tiat dog of Heaven, detested by the swains."
lus rush'd he onward like a winter-flood,
lat tears its banks, and sweeps away the wood.
To this impetuous bitterness of ticle
le King with equal virulence replied,
vine-dresser he was, of rustic tone,
hom oft the traveller was fbrc'd to own
vincible ; with clamorous voice opprest,
hen " Cuckow, cuckow/' was the standing jest
But, with Italian vthe^if imbuec{,
e sour-tongued mongrel the (dispute reDew'd;
*' Let me coqjure thee, by the powers ditine, '
Since *tis the glory, Bratus, of thy line
To slaughter KingM, be this thy glorious doed.
That this same King beneath thy vengiMnee bleed.**
SATIRE Via
In days of jrore our godihip stood
A very worthless log of wood.
The joiner doubting, or to shape us
Into a stool, or a Priapus,
At length reiolv*d, fbr reasons wise.
Into a god to bid me riae;
And now to birds and thieves I stand
A terrour great. With pondefoos band.
And something else as red as tcarlet,
I fright away each filching varlet
The bhds, that view with awful dread
The reeds, fsit stuck into my head.
Far from the garden take their flight.
Nor on the trees presume to light.
In coffins vile the herd of slaves
Were hither brought to Cro^d their graves |
And oBoe in this detested grouiid
A common t.qmb the vulgar found ;
Buffoons an^ spendthrifU, vile and base.
Together rotted here in peace.
A thousand feet the front extends.
Three hundred deep in rear it bendy.
And yonder colpimn plaiuly i*hoin
No more un^o its heirs it goes.
But now w^ breathe a purer air,
And walk the siinny temoe fiiir. •
Where once the ground with bones was wh^tf ,
With human bones, a ghastly sight !
But, oh ! nor thief, oor savage breast.
That us'4 th^^ gardens to infijst.
E'er gave me half such care and pahis
As they, who turn poor people's brains
With venom'd drugs aad piagic lay —
These I can never fright i^way ;
For when the beaiiteous queen of night
Up-lifts her head j^dom'd with light.
Hither they cpme, pernicious crone^ I
To gather poisonous herbs and boocs.
Canidia with dishevelFd l^ajr
( Black was her robe, her feet we^ ]^rp\
With 5kigana, infernal dapne 1
Her elder sister, hither ci^me,
With yellings dire they fiird tl^e place.
And hideous pale was either*s face.
Soon with their nails they pcrap^d the groand.
And fiird a magic trench profoqf^
With a black lamb's thick-streaming gore.
Whose noeml^e^ with their teeth they tore.
That they may charm tfie sprites to tell
Some curious anev^otes from Hell.
The beldams then two ^gures^brought :
Of wool and wax the fqrms were wrought j
The woollen vas erc^ct apd tal|.
And scoufgM the waxen linage small,
Which ij\ a sup|t1iant, servil^ mood