any water, and they are spread out to dry and then ground
into coarse powder.
PARAFFIN DRY SOAP.
20 lb. dry soap, 70 lb. soda crystals, 8 lb. refined alkali,
and 2 lb. soft paraffin scale. All ground together.
OATMEAL DRY SOAP.
15 lb. soap, 70 lb. soda crystals, 8 lb. refined alkali, and
7 lb. oatmeal. All ground together.
SOAPS. Ift3
CHEAP DRY SOAP.
lo 11). soup. 50 11). sodii crystals. 5 Ih. soda ash, MO ll».
(liaMltfr's salt. All ;x'"'"i'"I t< >;,'»•! Ikt.
BORAX DRY SOAP.
'25 11). soaj), (JO lb. soda crystals, 5 lli. hora.v. 10 11>. refined
alkali. A better (|uality can be made iroin 25 lb. soap 10 lb.
retined alkali, 50 11). snda crystals. 15 11(. boiax. All ;,M-ound
together.
EXTRA DRY SOAP.
30 lb. soap, 60 lb. soda ery.stals. 10 lb. retined alkali. All
ground together.
STANDARD DRY SOAP.
20 lb. j^ood soap. 70 lb. soda ci'vstals. and 10 lb. retined
alkali. AH i^roimd together.
POLISHING SOAP.
A good polishing soa]) may be made by mixing 100 lb. ot"
cocoaniit-oil soap (with sufficient water to make it fluid), 10
lb. of tripoli, 5 lb. of" alum. 5 lb. of cream of tartar, and 5 lb.
of dry whiting. These should be |iulveriseil together and ca.st
into cakes.
SILVERSMITHS' SOAP.
Pipeclay . . . .15
Chalk levigated ... .10
Crystal carbonate of soda . . . t
Cocoanut-oil soap . .... 4
Water . . . . . H gallons.
184 SOAPS.
Method. — Shave the soap and boil in the water with soda,
then well mix with others, afterwards forming- into 4 oz. tablets.
UNIVERSAL POLISHING SOAP.
Lb.
Soft soap ........ 25
Powdered wood charcoal . . . . .12
Powdered rottenstone ...... 5i
Method. — Meli the soap and stir in the charcoal, then
remove from the tire and add the rottenstone, stirring until
cold. Then make into tablets, or cut out in circular pieces
for putting up in china pots. It is used with water.
POLISHING SOAPS FOR iVlETALS.
Polishing soap applicable to bronze and silver ware. 12 oz.
white chalk, 12 oz. tartaric acid, and 9^ oz. kieselguhr are
freed from grit by sifting. To the sifted mass are added, 7^
oz. glycerine, 7^ oz. water, and ^ oz. spirit. The .soap thus
made is poured into the metal moulds. A second receipt is
as follows: 11 lb. cocoanut oil are mixed with 171 lb. soda
lye at 23' (to be obtained from a soap boiler). Boiling is then
proceeded with until a clear mass like glue is produced. After
the process of saponification has been completed there are added
2i lb. chalk, 17| oz. white lead, 17| oz. tartar, and 17| oz.
alum, these sub.stances being all finely pulverised. Moulding-
then follows and a slight pressure.
When used these soaps must be wetted with lukewarm
water and applied with a soft wetted brush to the objects to
be cleaned, which may be of silver, copper, bronze, brass,
German silver, nickel, etc. By a subsequent rubbing with
chamois leather a brilliant polish is produced, which is said
to be superior to that ol)tained by the use of any other prepara-
tion.
Si) A IS. l"^.')
MAGIC MARBLE SOAP.
i,b.
White soft soup 30
Pearlash 24
Powdeicil [)uiuice ...... 15
Whitinj^ V2
Method. — (Jriinl all to a still* mass, usiii;^- a little w.iter if
necessary, then |»i-ess into .', lli. hars or talilt-ts. The niai'hle
is Well scom'eil with the suap until tin- stains and ilii't ai'f
renioveil. then wi|iril ili-y, an<l finally jxdished with luinitui-f
cream.
GREASE ERADICATOR.
Castile .soap, in slia\in<j;s, 4 oz. : carbonate of s(Mla. |>ow<lere<J,
2 oz. ; borax, powdered, 1 oz. ; acpia ammonia. 7 oz. ; alcohol,
3 oz. ; turpentine, 2 oz. ; Sulphuric ether, 2 oz. Grind all
to^retliei- ill a UKtrtar.
SOAP FOR REMOVING RUST.
I.h.
Whiting' y
Oil soap ....... ()
Cyanide of potassium ..... o
Water ........ •> gallons.
Dis.solve the soaj) in water o\fi- the fii-r and add the
cyanide, then little by little the whitin^^ If tin- compound is
too thick, which may be due either to thf whitinir or the
.soap emplo}'ed, add a little water until a paste is mad<- which
Ciin be run into an iron or wocxlen n>o\ilil. This will ri-mov.-
rust from steel and j,nve it a Lfood polish.
186
SOAPS.
LIQUID NICOTINE SOAP FOR GARDENERS.
Lb.
Tobacco waste, or duty-free snuff ... 4
Soft soap ....... 4
Water . . . . . . . .50 gallons.
Methylated spirit . . . . . . 2i gallons.
Amylic alcohol (fusel oil) . . . .1 gallon.
Boil tobacco in | gallon of water for thirty minutes and
strain, adding w^ater to make up for that evaporated; next
boil the soft soap in the whole of the water and add the
tobacco juice, then cool and add the alcohols. The mixture is
to be diluted with an equal amount of w^ater, well stirred
before being used by the horticulturist, and is syringed over
the parts.
CARPET SOAP.
Dry white soap
Purified ox -gall
Genuine turps
Water .
Lb.
22
1 gallon.
S gallon.
4 gallon.
Method. — Shave the soap up finely, and melt down in the
water on a water-bath ; when wholly dissolved and smooth,
cool down and thoroughly mix w^ith the turps and gall.
When cold, form into | lb. cakes, and wrap. The usual
directions for use apply.
SOAP FOR CELLULOID GOODS.
Lb.
Pipeclay .....
22i
Dry white soap (sliced) .
10
Water ......
7
Finest pumice powder .
5*
Oxalic acid .....
U
SOAPS. 1H7
Method. — Dissolv)' tlif oxalif uoid in the watt-r, tlii-ii mix
all t()<;rtlit'r to form a pasty mass, finally mouMiji;; or (•iittiii;^^
up into '1 oz. |)i»'ot's.
CLOTH SOAP.
Lb.
Powileied fuller's earth .... 20
Soft soap . 14
Oil of lemon ....... 1
Turps 6 pints.
Method. — Mix the eai"th and soaji to a ])aste, gradually
workinLf in the two fluids. Then make into aikes with these
directions on the wrapper: "First moisten tlie dirt}' spot
with hot water, then rult with the cake of .soap until saturated,
then leave until nearly dry. Now brush out with a little
wai-m water and a stiff" brush, rinse with cold water, finally
smoothiiiLT off' with a piece of clean dry cloth or a .soft brusjr"
FULLER'S EARTH SOAP.
Lb.
Soap 70
Fuller's earth ....... 30
The fuller's earth is thorou^^hly dried before addin;j to
the soap; the latter should not contain less than 2.5 to 'M) per
cent, water.
OX-GALL SOAP FOR SILKS.
The Idllowin;,^ directions are <;iven for an ox-;;alI .soap to
be employed in clean.sin^^ silks ami satins: ] lb. of cocoanut
oil i.s heated to 30 (100 F.), i lb. of white Venetian turpentine
is heated and then stirre<^l into this soaji. The .soap is left Ui
stand covered up for four hours, then heated apiin just
sufficiently to make it How, when 1 lb. of ox-i;all is well-.stirred
in. Some good curd soap which is perfectly <iry is then
188 SOAPS.
pulverised, and enough of it stirred into the gall soap to make
it solid, so that it yields but little to the pressure of the lingers.
It will require from 1 to 2 lb. of curd soap to accomplish this.
When the mass gets cold it can be cut or pressed into cakes.
LIQUID GLYCERINE SOAP.
Melt together pale oleic acid, 874 lb. ; cocoanut oil, 66 lb. ;
then add caustic potash lye, 60° Tw., 288 lb. ; boil up, and
when saponified add glycerine, 20 lb., and enough methylated
spirit to make the liquor clear.
For a full account of the process of soap making the
reader is referred to : —
Soajjs : A Practical Manual of the Manvfacture of Domestic,
Toilet and Other Soaps. By George H. Hurst, F.C.8. Price
12s. 6d. Scott, Greenwood & Co. Acknowledged by all to
be the best book on soaps yet written.
For accounts of the various oils and fats used in soap
making, besides the book just named, reference can be made
to:— -»
Animal Oils and Fats. By Louis Edgar Andes. Price
10s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co.
Vegetable Fats and Oils. By Louis Edgar Andes. Price
10s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co.
.siaTiox V.
PHRFCMES.
ESS. PATCHOULI,
Oil of patchouli
Perfumer's spirit
A<1<1 uil tu spirit an<l stand until ilissojvoj.
LAVENDER WATER.
Oil of Mitcham lavender ....
Tinct. musk ......
Perfumer's spirit .....
Warm distilled water ....
MftlicMl as licfdrc.
2oz.
1 gallon.
4 H. oz.
G drops.
4 gallons.
i gallon.
SUPERFINE EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Rosemary oil
Lavender oil
Balm oil .
Portugal orange oil
Neroli oil .
Clove oil .
Petit- grain oil
Citron oil .
Lemon-rind oil .
Spirit
Parts.
H
10
1
24
1
.'A
1)..")00
am
190
PERFUMES.
SUPERFINE EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Pineapple oil
Orange oil
Lemon oil
Cinnamon oil
Citron oil .
Eosemary oil
Lavender oil
Bergamot oil
Petit-grain oil
Peppermint oil
Distilled water
Spirit
SUPERFINE EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Bergamot oil
Lemon oil
Petit-grain oil
Neroli oil .
Eosemary oil
Musk tincture
Spirit
SUPERIOR EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Eosemary oil (French)
Lavender oil
Balm oil (German)
Petit-grain oil
Citron oil .
Lemon oil
Bergamot oil
Neroli oil .
Limetta oil
Portugal sweet orange oil
Spirit
Parts.
60
25
10
10
10
25
20
10
10
1-5
3,000
10,000
Parts.
7
17
10
3-3
7
10
3,000
Parts.
10
4
2
34
GO
38
106
20
16
40
7,000
PKItriMES.
191
FINE EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Neroli (jil .
Bergamot oil
Petit-grain oil
Rosemary oil
Lavender oil
Peppermint oil
Distilleil water
Spirit
I'aru.
lo
30
I't
44
1
7,"t()0
ORDINARY EAU-DE-COLOGNE.
Bergamot oil
Lemon oil
Portugal oil
Lavender oil
Rosemary oil
Thyme oil
Petit-grain oil
Spirit
Distilled water
I 'arts.
42
38
25
l(i
G8
8
8
4.000
2. MOO
NEW MOWN HAY.
Patchouli oil
Bergamot oil
Geranium oil
Cumarin tincture
Orris
Spirit
Distilled water .
Parts.
H
(50
20
3.000
3.000
3.000
1.000
19i>
PERFUMES.
NEW IVIOWN HAY.
Rose oil
Bergamot oil
Patchouli oil
Civet tincture .
Cumarin tincture
Jasmine extract I.
Rose extract I. .
Acacia extract I.
Rosewater
Rose oil
Bergamot oil
Benzo tincture .
Musk tincture II.
Cassia extract II.
Spirit
Rosewater
ROSE.
Parts.
10
60
10
30
3,000
4,000
2,000
1,000
250
Parts.
28
60
30
30
2,000
7,500
500
ROSE.
Geranium oil
Bergamot oil
Spirit
Distilled water
Terpeiie oil
Musk tincture .
Jasmine extract II.
Cassia extract II.
Orange extract II.
Spirit
OraiiLje-Hower water
SYRINGA.
Parts.
80
30
9,000
2,000
Parts.
120
30
6,000
2,000
2,000
3,000
250
Terpeiie oil
(ieiiiniuin oil
Orris tincture
Orris tincture
Spirit
Distilled water
PEHFUMES.
SYRINGA.
193
f'arlB.
00
20
2,000
2,000
5,000
1.000
HELIOTROPE.
Lemon oil .
Winterj^reen oil (pure)
Almond oil pure
(ieranium oil
Rose tinctui»3
Benzoin tincture
Orris tincture
Spirit
Distilled water .
Linaloe oil
Bergamot oil
(ieranium oil
Orris tincture
Spirit
Distilled water
MAY BLOSSOM,
MAY BLOSSOM.
Spirit
Musk tincture .
Hose oil
Acacia oil .
Almonil oil (pure)
Tonka bean tincture
i'lirts.
GO
i«;
14
4
2.(KX»
1.000
2,(KX)
4.000
1,(X)0
Parts.
100
HO
20
2.000
7.000
1,000
rarts.
3.000
100
.0
3
6
2(XI
16
194
PERFUMES.
Vanilla extract I.
Parts
200
Rose extract I. .
200
Orange extract I.
1,000
Jasmine extract I.
600
Artificial aeroli oil
10
Terpene oil
5
Linaloe oil
10
LILY
OF THE VALLEY.
Bitter-almond oil
Parts.
2
Ylang-ylang oil (artificial) ....
4
Geranium oil
4
Neroli oil .
2
Bergamot oil
20
Linaloe oil
40
Cananga oil
10
Jasmine extract II.
5,000
Rose extract II.
2,000
Reseda extract II.
1,000
Orris tincture .
15,000
Rose water
250
Spirit
G/
LRDEN CLOVE.
2,500
Bergamot oil
Parts.
30
Clove oil .
30
Benzoin tincture
250
Clove tincture .
1,000
Orris tincture I.
2,000
Orris tincture II.
5,000
Rosewater
250
Rose extract II.
2,000
Jasmine extract II.
3,000
Rose extract
1,000
PKIIITMKS.
195
WOOD VIOLETS.
\'iolet extract I.
Rose extract I. .
Orris-root tincture
Musk tincture
Oil of hitter iiltiionds
< li\cs an t'\i|uisitc pi
rt"uin<' of vifilcts.
I'lH-l...
H(KJ
100
100
80
VIOLETS.
lii-r>^amot oil
â– Geranium oil
Musk tincture 1 1 .
Violet extract II.
Cassia extract 11.
Oran;<e-llt)\ver wati-r
Spii-it
ORANGE FLOWERS.
Neroli <jil (ariiticial)
Iier;^atnot oil
Sandalwood oil .
Musk tincture
Orange extract I.
.lasniiiK^ extract \.
Orange-rtower water
Rose extract I. .
Jasmine extract 1.
Orange extract I.
Vanillin extract I.
Reseda extract I.
Rose oil
LILAC.
I'urtK.
.30
liO
.{()
.J.UOO
4,.'j(M)
•irjo
:{.(KK)
I'lirls.
Ki
r>o
4
30
'.»,(KM)
1 .(KXJ
250
I'lirt.s.
121;')
130
30
76
196
PERFUMES.
HELIOTROPIUIVI GRANDIFLORUIVI BLANC.
Musk tincture .
Heliotropine tincture
Tuberose extract I.
Kose extract I. .
Kosewater
Orange-leaf water
Parts.
30
5,000
2,000
2,000
250
250
IVIUSK.
Jasmine extract I.
Rose extract II. .
Musk extract
Tonka bean or cumarin tincture
Parts.
500
500
500
500
EXTRAIT TRIPLE A LA ROSE.
Eose extract I.
Rose extract II.
x\cacia extract II.
Acacia extract III.
Tuberose extract 11.
Violet extract II.
Oil of rose
Spanish geranium oil
Cedarwood oil
Spirit .
Parts.
3,000
1,000
300
300
200
200
10
60
6
1,500
JONQUIL SCENT.
Jonquil extract
Orris-root extract .
Essence of ambergris
Essence of civet .
Extract of cassia .
Parts.
1,000
1,000
120
100
500
I'KIUTMKS.
197
Spirit of rose, triple
Kxtnict of tonka beau
Oil of citroiit'lla
Mix.
I'artH.
'>(K)
.J(JO
BOUQUET DAMOUR.
Extract of cassia
Extract of jasmine
Essence of ambergris
Extract of violet
Essence of musk .
Mix tliurout^iily and filter.
Parts.
oOO
000
125
500
125
TANNENDUFT" SCENT.
Oil of bergamot
Oil of pine
Kectitied oil of turpentine
Alcohol
Mix.
FLOWERS OF SPRING SCENT.
I'arts.
5
100
3
1.000
I 'arts.
Rose pomade extract
. l.(X)0
Extract of violets .
. 1.000
Essence of ambergris
60
Spirit of rose, triple
ir)0
Extract of cassia
150
Oil of bergamot
10
Mi
198
PERFUMES.
HEUDUS BOUQUET SCENT.
Extract of tonka bean .
Spirit of rose, triple
Extract of rose geranium
Extract of jasmine
Extract of orange flower
Extract of rose
Mix.
Parts.
1,000
500
480
500
500
500
EASTERHAZY BOUQUET SCENT.
Extract of vetivert
Extract of violet .
Extract of vanilla .
Extract of tonka bean
Extract of orange flower
Spirit of rose, triple
Essence of ambergris
Sandalwood oil
Mix.
Parts,
500
500
500
500
500
500
300
40
RESEDA.
Bergamot oil
Benzo tincture
Tolu balsam .
Musk .
Cumarin
Eeseda extract II.
Rose extract II. .
Cassia extract II.
Orange-flower water
Spirit .
Parts.
30
30
30
30
50
5,000
3,000
2,000
250
2,50a
I'Eltl'UMES.
199
RESEDA AND VIOLETS.
Geranium oil
Bergamot oil
Cedar wood oil
Orris tincture I.
Orris tincture II.
Benzo tincture I.
Spirit
Distilled water
PartH.
8
120
:jo
:j,0{)0
2,(K)0
.0.000
1,000
RESEDA.
Violet extract I.
Jasmine extract I.
Acacia extract I.
Rose extract I.
Tuberose extract I.
Violet extract II.
Rose extract II.
Rosemary oil
Musk tincture
I'art.s.
2,000
2.000
2,000
.000
l.oOO
1,600
l,.0OO
')
2.5
YLANC-YLANG.
Spirit ....
Rose extract I.
Tul)ero8e extract I.
•lasmine extract I.
Ylang-ylang oil (artificial)
Parts.
.000
2.0O
2.0O
2oO
l.O
200
PERFUMES.
YLANG-YLANG.
Parts.
Cinnamon oil ...... . 4
Ylang-ylang (artificial) .
Cananga oil
30
20
Bergamot oil ....
20
Sandalwood oil .
10
Musk tincture . . .
30
Storax tincture ....
500
Orris tincture ....
2,500
Orange-flower water
250
Jasmine extract II. . . ,
5,000
Rose extract II
2,000
PATCHOULI.
Parts.
Rose oil 8
Geranium oil ....
8
Cedarwood oil ... .
8
Sandalwood oil .
8
Patchouli oil
40
Bergamot oil ....
15
Musk tincture ....
15
Civet tincture ....
15
Jasmine extract II. .
. 1,000
Tuberose extract II. .
. 500
Acacia extract II
500
Rose extract II
. 2,500
Rosewater .....
. 500
PATCHOULI.
Parts
Rose oil 2
Geranium oil .....•, 4
Bergamot oil .30
Patchouli oil
,
30
PKUKUMF'-S.
201
'Cedarwooil oil
Sandalwood oil
Musk tincture
Jasmine extract II
Cassia extract II.
Tuberose extract II
Spirit .
Rose water
In the Chemistry of
Ernest .1. l'iur\-. B.Sc
PiirlH.
15
15
30
1,000
1.000
1.000
ti.OOO
5,000
Essential Oils aiid Artificial Per/unies (hy
Price 12s. (id. not. Scott, Greenwood
•& Co.) will be found nuich valual)le information on the pre-
paration and properties of easential oils and perfinn'-s.
SECTION VL
LUBRICATING GREASES, OILS, ETC.
AXLE GREASE FOR WOOD.
Take 2 gallons of " medium " rosin oil, and stir in 5 lb. of
quicklime, slaked with 2 gallons of water, then stand for
twelve hours or until the next day. Pour off any water
that may separate, then stir in 5 gallons of coal-tar grease oil
and 5 lb. of powdered blacklead. Generally it will be found
sufficient to mix the materials cold, but a little heating will
make a more homogeneous grease.
AXLE GREASE.
Melt together 14 lb. of palm oil, 22 lb. anthracene oil, 10
lb. of rosin oil, and 1 lb. of soap, keeping the mixture heated
until a clear, transparent mass is obtained, then allow to
cool.
ANTI-ATTRITION PASTE.
Lard .......
Blacklead ......
Camphor ......
Rub the camphor in a mortar with a little of the lard, and
finally add the blacklead and work until homogeneous.
(202)
Lb.
Oz,
5
1
2
ij'iuncx rise; <;hi:asi;s. 'J().'{
ANTI-ATTRITION GREASE.
To Icssfii friction in inacliinciy anil to |»rt'V»-nl rustinj;.
I'urtK by Wvighl.
Plumba^io ...... 1
Lard or tallow ..... 4
Melt tin- tallow, stir in tlif j)linnl>a;;o an<l run until lioino-
^^cncous. 7 ll>. per ewt. ot canijdior can Im- a<l<l<'il, if <lc'sin'<l,
rul)l)in},f it u|» in a luortar with tli<' lanl tirst.
ANTI-RUST OIL.
Caoutciiouc* oil (nilihcr oil) will ffirni an cHi'Ctiv*' coatinj^
on metals to prevent rust. It is i|U(stional)le if the genuine
article is a c(jnnnereial pnxluct, many of the mixtures gener-
ally heinj,' manufactvu'ed as herewith. When its removal is
(lesii-»'(l hot turps oi- Itenzt'iie is laid on.
Raw rubber . 10 oz.
Linseed oil . .1 gallon.
Turps i (.gallon.
C'ut up the rul)lte)-, havin^^ it meltin^^ while heatin;; linseeil
oil in another )»ot, a<l<l latter to ruhlx-r, and whrii .lissulvfd
pour the turps in.
CARRIAGE GREASE.
I'art-J.
Red transparent rosin ...... 1
Rendered tallow ....... 1
Caustic soda lye ....... 1
Cotton-seed oil ....... 1
Melt in a large open boiler at a moilerat*- heat the rosin ami
tallow, and when they are unitetl gradually stir in the .soda
lye ami contimie stirrin;; luitil the ndxtuiv cea.ses to rise,
then add the cotton-seed oil an<l boil it up fm- fifteen ndnutes.
Strain while hot through a cotton cloth and b-t the compound
cool, when it is readv f<tr use.
Lb.
10
8
6
1
204 LUBRICATING GREASES.
COLLIERY GREASE
Eosin oil .... .
Grease oil .... .
Dark cylinder oil .
Yorkshire grease ....
Mix all together in a homogeneous paste.
COLLIERY GREASE.
50 lb. rosin oil, 40 lb. grease oil, 80 lb. dark cylinder oil,
and 5 lb. Yorkshire grease are mixed with 20 lb. slaked
lime.
DARK FLOATING GREASE
Is made by dissolving diy lime soap by the aid of a gentle
heat in residuum oil. The lime soap is prepared by decompos-
ing soft soap with hydi-ochloric (muriatic marine) acid, " killed "
with chalk, as given under Soliditied Oil.
HOT-NECK GREASE.
A common hot-neck grease can be made from 5 lb. wool
pitch, 20 lb. brown grease, 30 lb. hard rosin oil, 40 lb. dark
cylinder oil, and 5 lb. dry slaked lime, heated together until a
homogeneous mass is obtained.
HOT-NECK GREASE.
Take 20 lb. of soap, cut into thin flakes and dry it. Then
take 30 lb. filtered cylinder oil and 30 lb. "915 petroleum oil.
Mix the two together and heat to 240"' F. Then add the soap,
and stir well, maintaining the heat until the soap and oil
have amalgamated, when the mixture may be allowed to cool
dow^n. When cold it will be found to be stiff.
M'l!HI(AriN<; ..lil \M s. 205
HOT-NECK CREASE. BETTER QUALITY.
Soap ...... 2
Filtered cylindtT oil ... li
915 petroleum oil ... . ',i
Cut U|i till' suaj) intii slnt-ils and iliy it \>y li«>at, so ah to
<'X|M'i all water, tlini iiii.\ tlit- o'\\s, and lif-at tlu'iu to 240 F..
atld the dry soap and continue tlie lieatiii;.' until tin- s(.ap has
dissolvol ; then allow it to cool.
HOT-NECK GREASE. COMMON QUALITY.
Lb.
Wool pileli ........ 1
lirown ^^rease ....... 4
Hard run oil ....... . <»
Dark cylinder oil . . S
])vy slaked lime ....... 1
Heat and stir toj^ether until hnmo^reneous.
LOCO GREASE.
A eommon kind ol loco grease can l»- made ti<iin tlO ih-
Yorkshire Lcrease ini.Xfd with 20 lli. summer d.irk oil and
heated witii (I Ui. ipiieklime, slakeil with 2 ;;allons of water.
The he.st loco irrease is made I'roui palm tiil, tallow, seal oil.
antl soda crystals. The soda crystals are dissolved in ahout
an e(|ual weight of water, and then stirred into a melted
mi.Nture of the faT^. The ](rnpoi-ti(>ns u^ed are \aried accorij-
'\\\<^ to the ditVerent si-asuiis of the year.
GOOD QUALITY, LOCOMOTIVE GREASE.
1,1..
Tallow lio
Talm oil 14
Sperm or seal oil . . • . . . 1
Soda crystals .... »)
Water . ti
206
LUBRICATING GREASES.
Dissolve the soda in the water, having melted the tallow
and oils together, stir in the lye until homogeneous.
LOCOIVIOTIVE GREASE.
Yorkshire grease .
Summer dark oil .
Quicklime
Water .
Lb.
30
10
3
1 sallon.
Melt the Yorkshire grease and oil separately. Slake the
lime in the water and then heat the whole ami stir until
homogeneous.
MICA GREASE.
50 lb. rosin oil, 50 lb. "890 to 895 Scotch shale oil, 20 lb.
French chalk, and 20 lb. of slaked lime are stirred together.
iVIICA GREASE,
Rosin oil .... .
•890 or -895 Scotch lul)ricatiag oil
French chalk ....
Slaked liine .....
Mix and stir well.
Lb.
10
10
4
4
PATENT PALM-OIL GREASE.
Lb.
10
10
550
Rosin soap
Palm oil
Rosin oil
Rosin soap
Caustic soda lye
Melt the rosin soap and palm oil together, then add
the rosin oil and afterwards as much rosin soap as will
q.H.
7? to 10
LriMlU'ATINd (HtKASKS.
•-'(17
iii}ik<' tlh' iiiii^< ol" a linttiT\' ('(tiisistriicf, tln-n a<l<l tli«- mhIh
ly...
PLUMBAGO LUBRICANT.
20 111. slakrd liiiif, 70 ll». liHiil " rti^iii nil, 70 lli. aiitlirficiMif
oil. and 20 111. (if jilmulia^n) arc stirrt'd t();^ctln'i- in tin- usual
way. Tht'Sf arc a lew ol" tlir iniuy i-i'ci|)i's wliich c ,idd li«-
i^iven. Tlu'V will sci-nc tn show (Hi what lim-s to wm-k in
inaf'hin('i-\- <rrca.sc.s.
PLUMBAGO LUBRICANT.
Slaked lii.iL'
Hard rosin t^il ....
Anthracene uil .
PIuinba<,'o .....
Mi.\ and stir toirethcr at a '••'ntlc heat
LI.
ENGLISH RAILWAY AXLE GREASE FOR SUMMER USE.
Water
Caustic soda .....
Sperm oil .
Palm oil .... .
Tallow
Di.s.solve the soda in the watei-. mix the oil, etc., heat to
near lioilin^-, and then stii- till cold.
l.ll.
(iS5
CO
11
110
. 2.0.i
ROSIN GREASE.
Take 10 111. of (|uicklinie, slake well with wat<'r, and sieve
free from ^rit, stir into -U) lit. " hard " rosin oil, and allow to
Htaml for twelve hours. By usin;^ 20 II). "hard" and 10 Ih
".soft" rosin oils, a tinnier <j:yi«- will I"- '_fnt.
'208 LUBEICATING GREASES.
ROSIN GREASE.
1 part of quicklime, slaked well and put through a sieve to
free it from grit, 3 parts " hard " run oil. Mix, and give
twelve hours' rest.
ROSIN-OIL GREASE.
Mix together in a capacious vessel 10 lb. of rosin oil, and
8 lb. of lime, slaked to powder: heat the mixture until free-
from lumps and of a syrupy consistence.