SOLIDIFIED OIL.
Kill a quantity of muriatic acid with chalk ; that is, give it
as much chalk as it will take up. (1) Dissolve a quantitj^
of soft soap in water, and filter through a cloth, so as to get
quit of any dirt present in the soap. Now add your " killed "
acid gradually to your soap solutions as long as anything falls
out, stirring all the time. Filter, drain and dry. (2) Dissolve
5 to 20 per cent, of the dried product in the oil you wish to
thicken or solidify. Note the quantities you have used for
future reference, as soft soaps, chalks and muriatic acid var}'
in strength.
SOLIDIFIED OIL.
Under this name are sold products derived from petroleum
and Scotch shale oils which may be regarded as greases. To'
make them, take 50 lb. of -885 to -890 mineral oil, heat to 180"
F., then throw in ^ lb. of soap cut into fine chips, and dried as
much as possible by exposure to the air. The heating is kept
on until the soap is completely dissolved into the oil, when
the mixture may be allowed to cool down.
LUHHICATING (iKKAKES. 'J()*J
BELGIAN WAGGON GREASE.
I'urtti.
Palm oil 30
Tallow 12
Soda lye I»
Boiling water m to lo
Cold water ... . IJn
Mt'it tilt* palui oil aiitl tallow in a siiitaltlr vessel and
gradually add the soda lye; when the nia.s.s he^ins lu thicken
add 8 to 10 parts of boilinj; water free from lime, con.stantly
stirrinjj; the whole time. (Jive one honr's rest, exposed to the
ail*, then pour out into anothei" vessel to cool it, and stir for
a oouple of lio\iis, and finally add the 120 parts of cold water.
BLUE PATENT WAGGON GREASE.
Lb.
Crude rosin oil ...... . 2.0O
Calcium hydrate ....... 1
Rosin soap . . . .') to <>
Heat the first two ingredients togethei- for an h(jur. and
then stir in the soap until the mixture is of a buttery con-
sifltence and of a blue colfjur,
WHEEL GREASE.
Take 5 lb. of i|uicklinie and slake with 20 lb. of water,
then sift well and stir into the lime jjaste 4 galh^ns of " hard "
crude rosin oil : allow it to stand for twelve houi^s, pour oH' the
water, and stir in 5 gallons of anthracene gi'ease oil. Now
heat the mass to 240' F.. stii- well the whole time \intil a
good mixture is obtained, then allow ti> cool and set.
WATCHMAKERS' OIL.
Take the jauest and lightest oil obtainable and plac<- it in a
retort with S times its weight of al)solute alcohol. Boil it fur
14
210
LUBRICATING GREASES.
ten minutes, decant the liquid and allow it to cool, then let it
evaporate until its volume is reduced to 1, filter and keep it in
well-stoppered and sealed bottles. This is suitable for the
finest horological work.
SANCTUARY OIL
Naphthalene
Oz.
18
Camphor . . . .
6
Amyl acetate
6
Mineral colza
. 10 gallons
'Kerosene . . . .
. 5 gallons
'Crush the naphthalene and camphor, dissolve these in the
kerosene, then mix with colza and amyl acetate. Do not simply
pour the latter in and leave it, but stir energetically, as it is
used to hide the smell of the mineral oils, replacing it with one
sweet and ethereal.
CONFECTIONERS' SLAB OIL.
Phosphine ....... 3 oz.
Arachide-nut oil 70 gallons.
Vaseline oil 30 gallons.
Warm a gallon or so of the nut oil, and stir the phosphine
in this, then add to the rest of the oils, and stir well about to
get the phosphine dissolved, as it is liable to float in tiny balls.
Another mixture is made by reversing the quantities of the
nut and vaseline oils and is cheaper.
DYNAIVIO OIL, A.
•908 mineral oil
•885 mineral oil
Refined cocoanut oil
Cwt.
2
6
1
14
2
6
LUBUICATINO GUEASES. 211
riir cocoanut oil is put into jackotcd [mns fiixt. Tli.ii nui
ill !>:)S iiul -.SS"), mill jdit oil MowtT or air for MftvL-ii iiiiimtcs,
with heat iit 170 K 'ruin (jti" steaui ; lot settle ami run into
casks.
DYNAMO OIL. B.
•*JOH mineral oil
•SMo mineral oil
Refined cocoanut oil
Cwt.
2
gr.
1
2
1
3
Cwt.
Lb.
4
2
2
1
14
Cwt.
6
4
o
CYLINDER OIL,
Ordinary dark cylinder oil
Steam-retined cylinder oil
Thickened rape oil
Lard oil
CYLINDER OIL.
Filtered cylinder oil .
Black cylinder oil .
Thickened rape oil
Put all in jacketed pan ; turn on steam and iieat up to 200'
F. for thirty minutes, well stirrin;,^. Then let settle, and run
into casks while hot.
CYLINDER OIL. No. 2.
Cwt.
Steam-refined cyhnder oil ..... 4
Thickened rape oil ..... 1
CYLINDER OIL, A BLEND.
Steam-refined cyhnder oil
Thickened rape oil ...
Lard oil ... .
Cwt.
gr
4
2
1
2
1
2
Cwt.
4
Qr,
2
2
2
212 LUBEICATING GEEASES.
CYLINDER OIL, B BLEND.
Steam-refined cylinder oil .
Thickened rape oil . , . .
Lard oil ..... .
VALVE OIL, A BLEND.
Cwt.
Summer cylinder oil ..... . 2
Cosmos cylinder oil ..... . 4
•885 spindle oil ...... . 5
VALVE OIL, B BLEND.
Summer cylinder oil
Cosmos cylinder oil
•885 spindle oil
VALVE OIL, C BLEND.
Summer cylinder oil
Cosmos cylinder oil
•885 spindle oil
VALVE OIL, D BLEND.
Summer cylinder oil
Cosmos cylinder oil
•885 spindle oil
TALLOW COIVIPOSITION.
Terra alba
Common tallow
Zinc white .
Venetian red
Cwt.
.
2
,
3
•
6
Cwt.
2
Qr.
3
2
•
6
2
Cwt,
2
4
7
Cwt.
3
Qr.
Lb.
1
2
14
r-uniticA'i IN.- ..Ki. \>i.->
TALLOW OR STEEL COMPOSITION.
Zinc white
Common tallow
Venetian red
213
Cwi.
3
1
u
u
it
Colza oil, No. 1.
Arctic sperm
Mineral col/a
COLZA OIL, No. I.
Cwt.
4
Colza oil, No. 1
Arctic sperm
Mineral colza
COLZA OIL, No. 2.
Genuine colza
Mineral colza
Sperm oil
COLZA OIL, No. 3.
Cwt.
2
1
I
Genuine colza
Arctic sperm
Mineral colza
EASTERN COLZA.
Cwi.
1
1
LUBRICATING COLZA.
Genuine colzii
Castor oil
Ijjird oil
Thickened rape oil
Cwt.
1
Qr.
Lb,
1
20
1)
5
214
LrBRICATING GREASES.
HEAVY LUBRICATING OIL, No. 1
Lard oil
Olive oil
Cocoanut oil
TALC LUBRICANT.
:wt.
1
Qr.
Lb.
1
2
2
4
Parts,
28
20
16
16
Graphite
French chalk
Sulphur
Wax or parafl&ne .
Mix at a gentle heat.
TRAIW-AXLE GREASE, GOOD QUALITY.
Ingredients : hard rosin oil, "885 mineral oil, slaked lime,
equal weight of each. Mix and stir well.
A TRAM-AXLE GREASE, COIVIIVIONER.
Lb.
10
5
5
Anthracene oil ..... .
Slaked quicklime . . . . .
Ground gypsum ......
Make the quicklime into a paste by slaking it in water,
then mix the oil, and to the mixture add the gypsum, and
heat up to 240° F. Use a large vessel, as grease contains
water, and in boiling the water causes much frothing up.
Do not continue the boiling too long or the viscosity will be
lessened.
WAGGON-AXLE GREASE.
Quicklime
Water .
Hard crude rosin oil
Anthracene grease oil
5 1b.
2 gallons.
4 gallons.
5 gallons.
LlMlilCATlNd (iltl. ASMS. -J I *)
SlaUe till- liiiH- ill tlit- watn- aii<l put thinu;,'li ii s'wvi' ;
iiit<) the paste thus imii<1»' si'w tlu' crutlr i-osin oil. iiml allow
tlif iiiixtiiri' to staii'l tor twcivi' li(»ur>«. tlicii |»our oti' iln-
supernatant, watt'r; into tin- thick mass stir in tin- anthrart-ne
tfi'easr oil. Hfat the i-onipouml to '2-iO V., stirring tlu' whole
time until honioi^eneous, tlu'ii allow tl»e nii.xture to cool, when
it is reaily lor use.
MUTTON TALLOW SUBSTITUTE.
\A,.
('otton steariiie ....... 83
Oleine or oleo oil . . . 29
Incorporate at very t^enth* heat.
TRAM CREASE.
Take lO ;^allons (jf anthracene oil anil stir in a paste nia<le
Irom 5 11). of <|uicklinK', well slaked, and nii.xed witii 5 lb.
jj^round i^ypsuni. then heat up as lud'ore. In heatin;; ^reawes
containin^^ water care must he taken, as they froth a ;,'reat
deal, and hence capacious vessels nnist l)e used. Too pi-olon<;ed
heating is to he avoided, as with souie i^reases so doin;,' reiluces
the stirtness very consiiliiralily.
TRAM GREASE.
A tine ;;rea.se is made trom 10 Ih. "hanl' losin oil, 1<> IK
"885 mineral oil ami H) Ih. slaked lime.
HEAVY LUBRICATING OIL. No. 3.
Ijurd oil ......
Olive oil
Cocoanut oil ...
1)08 mineral oil .
',>••.
r.b.
2
â– J
216 LUBRICATING GREASES.
HEAVY ENGINE OIL, No. 1.
•908 mineral oil ..... .
Lard oil ...... .
Lb.
16
Sperm oil
Vaseline
CYCLE OIL, A BLEND.
Cwt.
1
Sperm oil
Vaseline
CYCLE OIL, B BLEND.
Cwt.
2
Sperm oil
Vaseline
CYCLE OIL, C BLEND.
Cwt.
3
CYCLE BURNING OIL, A BLEND.
Camphorated oil .
Sperm oil
Mineral colza "300
Cwt.
2
3
3
Put the sperm oil in jacket with vaseline or camphorated
oil, just raise heat to 120° F., put air-pumps on for fifteen
minutes, run in the mineral colza, crutch well for ten minutes,
then pass through fine sieve and run into casks or drums.
CYCLE BURNING OIL, B BLEND.
Camphorated oil .
Sperm oil
Mineral colza "300
Cwt.
2
3
5
MIUtlCA II\(i iJKIvVSI'N.
CYCLE BURNING OIL. C BLEND.
•Jl
('amphorated oil .
Sperm oil
Mineral colza -300
Cwt.
2
:j
7
ORDINARY BOILED OIL.
Tons. Cwt. gr. Lli.
iiaw linseed oil . . .2
French rosin 2
Resinate of niaj^anese . . .0 3 I 1
Pump <jil in boilini^ pan which must h*; jacketed or with
steam coil, ami with air-pumps turn on steam and start aj^itators ;
keep tiiem full on for the Hrst two hours until the heat is at
200"^ F. Now start air-j)uinp and keep blowin<^ air on for tin-
next seven hours. In the first two hours add the resinate of
manganese and rosin, a little at a time (previously powdered).
The oil after five hours' blowing should be a rich port colour,
and ready to th'op into the store tank after nine houi-s in all.
COMiVlON No. 1 BOILED OIL FOR EXPORT.
Raw linseed oil
Resinate of manganese
Dark rosin
Best pine oil ,
Tea rose, oil .
The tea rose mineral oil is ad<l<'i|
j^radually.
ORDINARY PALE BOILED OIL.
Best Baltic oil
Calcined magnesia
Zinc oxide
French pale rosin .
Tons.
3
Cwt.
1
•2
•J
1
lit-n «|uit»' cold, ami
1
Cwt.
10
gr.
Lb
ir,
(1
17
(J
•j
218 LUBRICATING GREASES.
Heat up to 300" F., then put blower on, keep on for
ten hours: add French rosin and magnesia, etc., during the
first two hours gradually, which must be prepared as follows :
During the first two hours of the boiling put into jacket
pan the rosin and run : when run thoroughly, mix into same
the zinc oxide, and then pour, whilst still in liquid form, into
the oil, after that is in add magnesia. Tank this for three
weeks before sending out.
BOILED LINSEED OIL FOR EXPORT GRINDING COLOURS.
Raw linseed oil
Tons.
. 1
Cwt.
Qr.
Lb.
Mineral colza
. 1
Red lead
.
2
14
Resinate of manganese .
.
1
2
The lead and manganese are boiled in the oil by fire, add-
ing in small quantities at a time ; heat up to 350° F., keeping
agitators on the move all the time ; when all are in raise up to
450° F. : keep at this for the next four hours, then draw off tire,
pump into steam-pan, and turn on steam, and the blower or
air-pump, add mineral colza oil graduall}^ ; when all is in, keep
on steam and air-pump for two hours, then drop into stock-tank
below.
BOILED OIL IVIADE FOR CALCUTTA.
Raw linseed oil .
Mineral colza
Resinate of manganese .
Dark rosin .....
Run resinate of manganese and rosin together in jacket
pan. When run have oil at 300° F. in steam-pan and pour the
resinate in gradually ; when all is in put on air-pump and keep
Tons.
3
Cwt.
Qr.
1
3
2
3
2
Inn.
(wt.
<Vr.
Lh.
1
(1
2
vj
{)
14
(1
11
I.l|{|;i(ATIN(; (JIJK.VSKS. 'Jl*.»
u|) lifiit to .SOO F. i'or \\\r linins. 'I'Ihmi let t«'iii)ii-ratini- <lr<)|»
down to <i() I'\ ami a<lii ;;railually tin- iiiiiicral i-ol/.a, ki-i-]) on
l>l()Wt'r ami a;j;itatt' for two hnuis 1oiim;,.|- aiiil <lio|i into tank.
PALE BOILED OIL No. 2.
Best linseed oil
Best pale Frent-h rosin .
Zinc white ....
Magnesia ....
Heat up nil to liOO !•' Tlirn nic'lt i-osin in jacki'tt-il jian
and mix in zinc white when thoroughly run. j)our in ;;radually
tile resinate of zinc into the hot oil, then put on air-puujj),
and add niaj^nesia, a little at a time ; wlien all is run keep up
heat to .'{00 F. i'or ti\t' hours, then drop into tank lielow.
The I'ollowint^ hooks on oils contain much usfful iidornia-
tion : —
rite I'ractkal Cimtpoundnuj of Oils, Tallom mul (rrra.sr U*r
Lubrication. V>y an Hxpert ()il lietincr. I'licc 7s. (!d. utt.
Scott, Greenwood \' Co. This hook is lull of lormuhe ami
practical iustruetion tor Lh iidiuLr I'llwicatiiiLf oils m-i-.;isi-s and
eompositioHK.
LnbricatiiKj Oils, Fats and Greases. By Cieor^e II. Ilurst.
F.('.S. Second edition. Price 10s. (id. net. Scott, (J reen wood
A: Co. Contains an excellent account of the dtllerent paraftine,
petroleum, animal and vegetable oils used in the luhricatii^n
of machinery.
SECTION VII.
CEMENTS. PASTES, GLUES AND OTHER ADHESIVE
PEEPAEATIONS.
FRENCH CEMENT.
Make a thick mucilage with gum arable and water, then
add dextrine in fine powder to thicken It. A little lemon
juice is sometimes added.
STARCH PASTE.
Oz.
4
Corn starch .....
Cold water 8 fl.
Boiling water . . . . 64 fl. (J gallon).
Beat up the starch in the cold water, until reduced to a
creamy consistence, then pour the mixture into the boiling-
water and stir briskly until the white, semi-opaque mass
becomes transparent. Should it fail to do so, place it over the
fire, and boil until the desired result be obtained, stirring
constantly.
VENETIAN PASTE.
(a) White or fish glue .
Cold water
Lb.
.
.
Oz.
4
8fl.
(6) Venice turpentine .
(c) Eye flour
Cold water
.
. 1
.
2fl.
16 fl. (1 pint).
(d) Boiling water
.
64 fl. (h gallon)
(220)
Cl.Ml'.N IS. Ill
Soak the 4 oz. of j^luo in the cold watiu- for four houi-s ;
tiiftsolve in a water-batli (f;hie-p)t), ami wliile hot stir in the
Venice turpentine. Make up c into a hattci- Ircc from luin|)s.
anci j)Our into</. Stir bri.sklv, ami finally a'lW the ;,flue solution.
This makes a very stron<; paste, ami it will adhm- to a paintf<l
surface, owiii^ to the V'enicc turpriititic in its cniniMtsitioii.
STRONG ADHESIVE PASTE.
(a) Rye tlour 4 11).
Cold water ..... i ^^allon.
(b) Boilin'^ water . . . . H gallons.
(c) Pulverised rosin . .... 2 o/,.
Make the Hour into a hatter with the cold water, free iiom
lumps, then pour into| h. Boil if necessary, an<l while hot stir
in the pulverised rosin, a little at a time This paste is ex-
i«edingly stronir, and will stick heavy wall-paper or thin leather.
If the pa.ste be too thick, thin with a litth' hot water. Xi'ver
thin paste with cold water.
PASTE THAT WILL NOT SOUR.
4 parts bv weight of n^lue aie allowed to soften in I.") pai'ts
of cold water for .some houi-^. and then moderately heateil
till the solution becomes <|uite c-Kar ; (i.") parts of IkmHii^' water
are now added with stirrine;. In another vessel .*K) i>arts of
starch pa.ste are stirred uji with 20 parts of cohl water, so that
.1 thin nnlky llui<l without lumps is obtaine«I. Into this the
boiling ^due sc^lution is poured, with constant stirrin;;. and the
whole is kept at the Injilin^^ ten»perature. After c«X)lin;;. 10
drops of carbolic acid are added to the jia.ste. The jjaste nmst
be preserved in close lx)ttles to jirevent eva|K)ration of the water,
and will in this way keep i;ood for years.
•222 CEMENTS.
LABEL PASTE.
A good paste for labels, suitaljle for bottles, may be made
by soakino- glue in strong vinegar, then heat to boiling and add
flour. This is very adhesive, and will not decompose when
kept in wide-mouthed bottles.
STICK CEMENT.
Lb.
Shellac ^ 21
Venice turps ....... 15
Eosin ......... 5i
Run down together and mould into pencils.
Directions for lose. — Melt the cement with a match and
^pply to the warmed edges of the broken article, then press
together.
Another style of stick cement, usually sold by stationers,
is ordinary shellac cast into sticks like sealing-wax and broken
into 2-inch pieces. It is not so elastic as the above.
ROSIN CEMENT.
Melt together carefully 2 oz. best pale rosin, 1| drams of
Canada balsam, h oz. refined beeswax, and j oz. camphor.
Beat the whole for five to ten minutes after the ingredients
have become completely mixed, then pour into stone jars or
bottle. Melt by heating when required for use.
FRENCH ELASTIC CEMENT.
Take any convenient ([uantity of scraps of India-rubber,
free from sulphur, i.e., of pure rubber, not the vulcanised sort,
and heat them gently in an iron vessel at the lowest temperature
that will suffice to melt them, and stir occasionally until quite
fluid. If the rubber is very old, a few minims of boiled linseed
oil may bo added now and then. When the whole is hquefied
( I.MI.N In. .iJ.>
sift in slowly soiiit' linrly |m)\V(|('|-i'<I liylratr ol' linn-, stirriu;;
thu mixture fonstuntly, until it is pcrt'cctly lion»o;;»'no<>iLs, i\m{
has ac'|iiire«l a dou^^h-liko consistence, hut is not too stiti'.
'rrjuislcr in suitaldt- portions to a mortar, ami knca<l wt-il with
vci*mili(jn, iv<)ry hlack. chroiut' ^jrccn, or other coloui'in;,' matti-r
in Hne {wwdcr, until the cement is of the colour ilesire<l, an<l ol*
the consistenc3M)f stirt* putty. It is used l)y warmin;^ <' ixirtion.
and applyin;,' it to tiie ;,dass cell and slide, l)oth pn-viouslv
warmed, in the usual manner, some little pressure l»ein;; ap
plied until the whole has heen (piite colti lor some houi-s.
This cement hein<x somewhat elastic, and never «.fettin^ <|uite
hard, is especially suitahle for tin- cells of olijects un»unte<l in
fluid.
CEMENT IIVIPERVIOUS TO OIL.
A cement inqiervious to oil, and therefore useful to ue-nd
kerosene lamps, is made hy taking; '.i parts of rosin hoiled with
") parts of water and 1 of caustic soda. Mix with half its
wei<(ht of plaster of Paris. This sets in one hour.
RUBBER CEMENT.
A cement for unitinj,^ India-ruhher is comjHwed as follows:
100 |>arts of finely chopped ruhher, 15 parts of rosin, 10 |»aits
of shellac, these are dissolved in l»isul|)hide of carlton.
ELASTIC OR PLIABLE PASTE.
< It..
(a) Common starch .... 4
White dextrine .... 2
Cold water KUl
(6) Borax . .
Glycerine . . .i ti.
Boiling,' water . »J4 tl. (i j^allon).
Lb.
Oz.
2
32 11.
(1 quart).
1
4 fl.
96 11.
(J gallon)
224 CEMENTS.
Beat to a paste the ingredients given under a. Dissolve
the borax in the boiling water, then add the glycerine, then
pour the a mixture into a solution of borax. Stir until it
becomes translucent. This paste will not crack, and, being
very pliable, is used for paper, cloth, leather, and other
material where flexibility is required.
FLOUR PASTE.
(a) Wheat flour .
Cold water
(b) Alum ....
Hot water
(c) Boiling water
Work the wheat flour into a batter free from lumps with
the cold water. Dissolve the alum as designated in b. Now
stir a into c, and, if necessary, continue boiling until the paste
thickens into a semi-transparent mucilage, after which stir in
the solution b. The above makes a very fine paste for wall-
paper.
AMERICAN CEIVIENT.
Parts by Weight.
India-rubber ..... 10
Chloroform ...... 6
Mastic • 2
This cement is good for making glass adhere to other hard
surfaces.
WHITE CEIVIENT.
Parts by Weight.
Acetate of lead ..... 46
Alum 46
Gum arabic ...... 76
Wheat flour 500
CKMKXTS. J'i.')
I)i.ss(jlvt' tilt' iict'tatf (»r lead aixl tin- aliiiii it) a littli' water
an<l srji;irati'ly <lisst>l\c tin- <^ni\\ araltic in a fair <j»ui!itity of
l)oiliii;;' water. Tlius, if tlic 500 paits of wheat tlour represent
a p()un<l. tlie (luaiitity of water needed will he alK)\it a «|uart.
The <^\i\n havin;,^ dissolved, ad<l the tlour. put the whole on
the tile, stii- well willi a wooden .stick, then add the solution of
lea<l acetate and alum. Continue the stiri'in;,^ in order U) avoid
the formation of luni[).s, then take it otl'the fire without iillow-
inij it to l)oii. This eeujent is ii.sed cold, and will not scale. It
is Neiy useful in inakiuL;" wood. ;^lass. cardlioard, etc.. adhere
to metals, and is e.\treniel\- stroni"-.
CEIVIENT FOR TYRES.
Isinglass ....... d
Gutta-percha .... . i
Caoutchouc ..... .1
Carhon bisulphide . 4 tl.
Mix an<l dissolve.
CEIVIENT FOR TYRES.
Ok.
Shellac 2
Gutta-percha ...... 2
Red lead i
Sulphur ........ i
.Melt the shellac and <.,fUtta-poicha, and add with constant
stirrin;; the vi-A le.id and sulphur, melted. Use while hot.
CEMENT FOR TYRES.
Ob.
Crude rultlxT 4
Carbon bisulphide 4
226 CEMENTS.
Macerate tweuty-t'our hours, ami then add a .solution of
Oz.
Eosin ........
Beeswax .......
Carbon bisulphide .....
CEMENT FOR TYRES.
.
1
,
' i
•
â– i
Oz.
2
Clr.
140
100
u
.s.
Caoutchouc .......
Eosin ........
Shellac ........
Carbon bisulphide .....
Use a sufficient (juantity of the carbon bisulphide to <]i.s-
solve the other ingredients.
TYRE CEMENT.
Routrh rubber, 20 parts: rosin, 10 parts: Venetian red, 10
parts ; tallow, 5 parts. Melt the rubber over a fii*e, then add
the rosin and the tallow and lastly the red.
LIQUID GLUE.
A liquid glue, which is always ready for use and keeps any
length of time, is made by dissolving 60 lb. of borax in 10 gal-
lons of water, adding to the solution when boiling 4 lb. of 90
per cent, pearlash, and adding the mixture while boiling to
145 gallons of hot glue liquor, .showing a density of 12° B.
CEMENT.
Take of clear gum arable, 2 oz. ; of tine starch, H oz. ; and
of white sugar, k oz. Reduce the gum arable to powder, and
dissolve it in as much water as the laundress would use to
rendpr 1^ oz. of starch fit for use. Dissolve the starch and
.sugar in the gum solution. Then place the mixture in a
vessel, and plunge' the ve.ssel itself into boiling water, and
CEMKNTS. I'll
k't it n-iiiaiii tlirif until tlu- starcli iM'coim's clfur. Tlu;
Ci'inout slioulil lit- us thick us tar, aii'l r<'iiiaiii so. It chm }»»•
kopt I'roui .spoilin<4; hy <lr<>pj)iii«; in u lump dI" i'aMi|)lior, (»r a
little oil of cloves or sussatraH. Thi.s cement is H;ii<i U) be
very stron*;, and will euuse glazed surfaceH to adhere per-
tt'ctly. It is useful fitr rejiairin;; sj»ceimfns of roeks, miiK-rals.
(11- tossils that may liavi- Iti-cn aeeitlmtally Iiroki-n.
CEIVIENT.
A cement of specially valuai)li' piopcrties for Ht»*anj-|>ipeK,
in tillini^f up small leaks, such as a ljl<nv-hole in a casting,
witliout the necessity of i-emovin<,^ the injured piece, is coin-
]>().sf(l (if i;') ll». of Paris wliitt'. '> Hi. yt-llow (M-hrc. 10 lli.
litharge, 5 II). red lead, and 4 Ih. Maek oxide oi manganese,
these various materials being mixed with great thoroughness,
and made into a paste with a small <|uantity of aslxistos and
boileil oil. Tlif composition, as thus jirejiarfcl, will si-t hard in
froni two to five hours, and possesses the advantage of not
being subject to expansion and contraction to such an extent
as to cause a leakage afterwanls, and its efficiency in places
ililKcult of access is of special ini|iortance.
CEIVIENT FOR MARBLE.
Stir to a thick l)attei- with silicate of soda \1 parts Portland
c«'ment, () parts slaked lime. <! pai-ts tine white lead. 1 jmrt
infu.sorial earth. This is very excellent for uuirble and ala-
baster. The cemented ol>jects need not Im' heated. .\fter
twenty-four houix the fracture is firm, and the plae.- ean with
â– litheidty be found.
LUTE FOR STEAM JOINTS.
(leiiiiiiie white lead giouud in oil to a - liii [i.i^i'- uveep
undei- water). Mix intimately with about a i|uart«'r its w»'ii;lit
it dry genuin<- red lead when re<|uire<l for use.
228 QEMENTS.
CEIVIENT FOR FOUNTAINS AND CISTERNS.
Mix ground brick (sifted), 9 lb. ; litharge, 4 lb. : linseed
oil sufficient to make a stiff paste. Takes six hours to set.
IMPREGNATION OF WOOD WITH CEIVIENT.
This coating is used only on rough, unplaned timber, and