part in the drying of the oil oi- |»aint and dnd to dilute the
action ol" the i-ral <lrvin;,^ agents.
FINEST TEREBENE.
Medium kowrie ....
Boiled linseed oil . .
Flake litharge ....
Hesinate of manganese
American turps ....
PALE TEREBENE (SUPER).
Pale kowrie
Pale hoiled oil
Flake litharge
Borate of manganese
.\mericau turps .
( wt.
1
gr.
M
1
l.b
2
13
(i
1
?).
t wt.
1
\>r.
:i
1
l.b.
II
1
•20
7
()
11
100
MIXED PAINTS.
BEST TEREBENE.
Medium kowrie
Cwt.
Qr.
1
Lb
14
Medium rosin .....
1
14
Boiled linseed oil ....
1
1
Flake litharge .....
2
4
Resinate of manganese
12
American turps
6
1
PALE TEREBENE.
jPale rosin ......
Cwt.
1
Qr.
Lb
Pale linseed oil, boiled
1
1
Flake litharge .....
20
Borate of manganese ....
14
American turps .....
6
I ^
1 • i 1
Melt the rosin by heat, mix in the oil, then the litharge
and manganese : keep at 500° F. until thick and stringy,
then allow to cool to 300° F. and add the turps.
CHEAP LIQUID DRIER (TEREBENE).
" Livery" varnish
Turps
Rosin spirit
Sweet rosin oil .
Gallons.
3
2
1
1
Liquefy the varnish in the turps at a gentle heat, remove
from fire, stir in the other ingredients, then strain.
PRIIVIING FOR OUTSIDE WORK.
Mix 14 lb. white lead, 6 pints boiled oil, i lb. red lead,
and 4 oz. driers. When dry, the work is rubbed down with
pumice stone or glass paper, and all holes stopped with
putty.
MIXED TAINTS. 101
DRY WASHABLE DISTEMPER.
Ll..
Paris white ........ oGO
Zinc white . KiO
Fine plaster of Paris ... 100
White dextrine 39
Gum arabic . Iti
Borax i^i
Alum ......... ')i
Finely powder ami well nii.K t();,fetliei-. then tint il' re(|uire«l.
Mix well ami ]iack into HI o/,. packets or tins. etc.
LIME WHITEWASH FOR OUTSIDE WORK.
i^it ^ l>uslu'l of lime into a Itai-i-el (clean ami wuterti^^dit ),
slake it with boiling water, coverin^^ it <I inches, stir it until
well slaked. Take 18 oz. common salt, and 2 Hi. sulphate ol"
zinc; di.ssolve them in hoi water, and mi.x with the white-
wash.
STUCCO WHITEWASH.
Take i hnshel of clean unslaked lime, slake it with hoil-
ini( water, covering it durin;; the process. .Strain tiie liipior
through a tine sieve or .strainer, and add to it 1 peck of clean
salt dissolved in warm water, 3 lb. ground rice, boiled to a
thin paste, and stirred in boilinj; hot, ^ lb. powdereil Spani.sh
whitin;^f. and 1 lb. clean ;,due whieli has been di.s.solved by
soakini; in iii>t water, then heated in a ^lue kettle. Adil 5
irallons hot water to the whole njixture. stir it well, and let
it .stand a lew <la\'s, covereil iVom dirt It should Ite put on
i|uite hot ; tor this purpo.se it can be kept in a kettle on a
portable furnace. About 1 pint will cover one s«|uare yard.
Larcre or small brushes may be used aceoi*<lin<; to the size of
the woi-k.
102 MIXED PAINTS,
PERIVIANENT WHITEWASH.
Slake * bushel of fresh lime with boiling water, cover-
ing it to retain the steam. Strain through a fine sieve,
add 7 lb. of salt previously dissolved in warm water, 7 lb.
ground rice, boiled to a paste, and stirred in boiling hot, i lb.
of powdered Spanish whiting, 1 lb. of clean glue previously-
dissolved. Add 5 gallons hot water to the mixture, stir well,
then let stand a few days, protected from dust and dirt.
Apply hot. A quart of this mixture will more than cover a
square yard. Colouring matter may be used to produce any
desired shade.
A DURABLE LIMEWASH.
For one barrel of colour wash, slake h bushel of white
lime, then add 10 lb. umber, 1 lb. Venetian red, ^ lb. lamp-
black, mix well together, add 3 pecks hydraulic cement, and
fill the barrel with water. Let it stand twelve hours before
using, and stir frecjuentlj'^ while putting it on. This is not
white, but of a light stone colour, without the unpleasant
glare of white. The colour may be changed by adding more
or less of the colours named, or other colours. This wash
covers well, needing only one coat, and is superior to anything
known excepting oil paint.
WHITEWASH, TO IIVIPROVE.
Add a strong solution of sulphate of magnesia.
A PERMANENT WHITEWASH.
Lime slaked with a solution of salt in water, and then
properly thinned with skim milk from which all the cream
has been taken, makes a permanent whitewash for outdoor
work, and, it is said, renders wood incombustible. It is an
excellent wash for presejrving wood.
MIXKH PAINTS. lOM
PREPARING WHITEWASHED OR KALSOMINED WALLS
FOR KALSOIVIINING.
Dissolve 1 lit. of w(hm1 ;;lUf, 1 II.. ol luir soaj), hikI 2 Ih. of
pulverised aluiii, cacii scpai-atcly, in 1 i|uar( ol" hoiliii;,^ watrr,
tirst havin;^^ soaki-il tlir •j;\u<-. Mix tin- '^\\i<' aii<l tin- soap
.solution thoroui^lily, tJifii ail<l the alum solution slowly, stirrinj;
continuously. A«lil enou^jh eold water to make it ol" the ri;;ht
consistenc}'. For whitewash it should he made thinnrr than for
kalsoiiiiiie, so as to soak in deepenou;,di to hoM tie- w liitt-wash.
PAPER-HANGERS' PASTE THAT WILL NOT DRY TOO
RAPIDLY IN VERY DRY OR HOT WEATHER.
Beat into a smooth hatter :| Ih. onlinary starch, (i o/.
white dextrine, and 1 quart of soft cold water. Now dis-
solve 3 oz. of horax in (i quarts of boilin<; water, and add
to this hot solution S lluid oz. of ^lyccrini', and while con-
stantly stii-rin^r poui- in thf eold stai-ch and ilfxtrint- hatter,
.stirrin;; until the mass becomes translucent. This paste will
remain pliable even in a dry atinosjtht'rc, an<l will not eraek
the paper.
PREPARING KALSOIVllNE.
Dissolve 1 11). whitf ;,dut' in hot wati'i- after it has hi'.'ii
4ii>jt Hoaki'd in cold water .Make a saturated sijlution of alum
in water, then mix l-i lb. of bolted Kniclish Paris white in
water to a stout paste and add to the solution, then add the
li(juid ;;lue and test the mixture for its bindiui; properties,
and if it iloes not bincl well add moi'e i^^lue and let it stand to
cool. If the kalsomine is to be tinted, use distemper j'oIoui'h,
tiiat i.s, colonics that have been ;;round Hue in water, an<l which
are not altered by lime, siich as ochre, chrome <.;reen. ultra-
marine, etc., and the tintini; colours should be added t(» whitin^j
mixture before the ;,due is put in. To determine whether the
104 MIXED PAINTS.
tint is satisfactory, dip a piece of paper in the mixture and let
it dry. When ready to apply it, thin with cold water to required
consistency, and use kalsomining or wall brushes. Lay your
work off evenly and avoid laps. If an edge dries, stop and
wet it up with a clean brush and clear water, and do the same
where you have missed a spot, and finish up with kalsomine.
Should your kalsomine dry too fast, slow it up with glycerine,
say i lb. to 2 gallons kalsomine, for in that case you have too
much glue and alum, and your kalsomine is liable to crack and
flake. Practise a little about your shop or your own house
and you will soon determine the proper relation between
pigment and binder.
WASHABLE DISTEMPER.
Mix 112 lb. good fine whiting, 10 gallons linseed oil, 200
lb. quicklime, best quality, slaked to cream with water and
strained, 10 lb. alum and 40 lb. glue, previously dissolved in
water. Thin to suitable consistence with water. This can be
tinted with ochre, ultramarine, chrome green, burnt umber,
etc., to any suitable tint.
WASHABLE DISTEIVIPER.
Mix 112 lb. fine Paris white, 112 lb. whiting, 10 gallons
linseed oil, 20 gallons separated milk, 200 lb. quicklime slaked
to thin creara with water, 10 lb. alum and 40 lb. glue dissolved
in hot water.
This distemper can be tinted in any desired manner.
WASHABLE DISTEMPER.
Lb.
Fine Paris white 112
Whiting 112
Quicklime, slaked ....... 112
Casein ......... 14
MIXI.I" I'M NTS.
10',
I.l).
Cllue 20
Alum 20
Silioate of sod;i ....... M)
Mix nil with suitahlr i|uantity of water to |iio|h r cdtisis-
tence. Tint with any j»ii^iiUMit fast to lime.
TO MAKE PLASTER OF PARIS SET SLOW.
Adtl to the <lry jilastrr Ix-lorc iiiixiM;,^ with water iVom
2 to 4 JUT cent., hy wei^^ht, of finely ]tiilveri,si'<| niar^hniallow
root, and it will re(|uire a full hour for the ma.s.s to .set hard.
The mass, when dry, cau be sawed, tiled or turned oH", an<l it
will not shrink, crack or be })rittle. If s j,er cent, of the
root, by weii^ht, is added, it will i-eijuire froni two to three
liours to set, and the ma.ss will be still lianler when dry.
When colours are added to the ma.ss, a fine imitation of marble
can be had, (m- if formed into tiles, they may be painted,
polished or varni.she<l.
BROWN LINO COIVIPOSITION.
Gloucestershire ochre
Red oxide
Umber
Paris white
Lino driers
Boiled linseed oil , 12 ^^allous.
BROWN LINO, No. 2 COIVIPOSITION.
Gloucestershire ochre
Red oxide .
Raw umber
Paris white
Lino driers
Boiled oil
Cwt.
Qr.
3
Lb
14
7
1)
7
4
IS
L\st.
I.i
14
7
7
:i
t)
l»
IS
19 gallons.
106
MIXED PAINTS.
0, No. 1 COMPOSITION.
Cwt.
Qr.
3
Lb.
• • • .
3
18
Cwt.
Qr.
3
Lb.
5
18
14 gallons.
Bed oxide .
Paris white
Lino driers .
Boiled linseed oil ... . 10 gallons.
RED LINO, No. 2 COMPOSITION.
Eed oxide .
Paris white
Lino driers .
Boiled linseed oil
INDIAN RED BACKING, No. 1, FOR FLOORCLOTHS.
Cwt. Qr. Lb.
Indian red 3 14
Paris white ..... 3
Lino driers ...... 15
Boiled oil 10 gallons.
INDIAN RED BACKING, No. 2, FOR FLOORCLOTHS.
Cwt. Qr. Lb.
Indian red 3 14
Paris white ..... 5
Lino driers ...... 20
Boiled oil 15 gallons.
YELLOW BACKING FOR FLOORCLOTHS.
Cwt. Qr. Lb.
Italian ochre . . . . . 3 14
Paris white ...... 3
Lino driers ..... 18
Boiled oil ILi gallons.
MIXKP PAINTS.
YELLOW BACKING FOR FLOORCLOTHS.
Italian ochru
Paris white
Lino driers .
Boiled oil .
107
C'vvt. yi. Lb.
3 14
:i -1
lo
12d gallons.
FLOORCLOTH BUFF BACKING. No.
Italian ochre
White lead
Paris white
Lino driers
Boiled oil .
Cwt.
gr.
•.i
Lb.
14
14
I
17
\-2
gallons.
FLOORCLOTH BUFF BACKING, No. 2.
Italian ochre
White lead .
Paris white
Lino driers .
Boiled oil
Cwt.
gi.
Lb.
14
(1
14
')
lb
Ud
{gallons.
PAINT GRINDING OIL.
Genuine boiled linseed oil
Raw linseed oil
Brown pine oil
Cwt.
4
gr.
PAINT GRINDING OIL. A BLEND.
Genuine boiled linseed oil
Brown pine oil
Cwt
4
108 MIXED PAINTS.
PAINT GRINDING OIL, B BLEND.
Cwt.
Genuine boiled linseed oil .... . 4
Brown pine oil ...... . 2
PAINT GRINDING OIL, C BLEND.
Cwt.
Genuine boiled linseed oil .... . 4
Brown pine oil ...... . 3
PAINT GRINDING OIL, D BLEND.
Cwt.
Genuine boiled linseed oil .... . 4
Brown pine oil ...... . 4
PAINT GRINDING OIL, E BLEND.
Cwt.
Genuine boiled linseed oil .... . 4
Brown pine oil ...... . 1
Eaw linseed oil ...... . 2
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS.
Cwt.
Pale boiled linseed oil ..... . 4
Ordinary boiled oil ..... . 4
Yellow pine oil ...... . 1
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS, No. 1.
Pale boiled linseed oil .
Ordinary linseed oil .... .
Yellow pine oil ..... .
PAINT GRINDING OIL, No. 2.
Pale boiled linseed oil .
Ordinary boiled oil .... .
Yellow pine oilj ......
Cwt.
4
4
2
2
Cwt.
4
.
4
3
MIXr.H PAINTS. 1()*.»
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS, No. 3.
( wt.
Pale boiled linseed oil ... . 4
Ordinary boiled oil ...... 4
Yellow pine oil . . . . 2
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS, No. 4.
I'wt. gi.
Pall- boiled oil 4
Ordinary boiled oil .... . 40
Yellow pine oil . 2 3
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS, No. 5.
Cwt.
Pale boiled linseed oil ..... . 4
Ordinary boiled linseed oil .... . 4
Yellow pine oil ....... 4
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS, No. 6.
Cwt.
Pale boiled linseed oil . 3
Ordinary linseed oil . . 4
Yellow pine oil for puintin-.^ ..... 4
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS. No. 7.
I'wl.
Pale boiled oil ...... . 8
Ordinary boiled oil ..... . 4
Yellow pine oil ....... •"»
PAINT GRINDING OIL FOR PALE TINTS. No. 8.
Cwt.
Pale boiled linseed oil ..... . .S
Ordinary boiled oil ..... . 3
Yellow pine oil . .5
The coiupilt r has ^iven the.se recipe.s lor paint ;,n-indin«^
oils as an example of int^enuity in conc(3Ctin<; various blends
by var3Mn;^'' tin' proportions of the oils. While tlicy are
110 MIXED PAINTS.
cheaper than pure boiled linseed oil, yet they are not so-
satisfactory in use, their drying power is less, and the more
pine oil or rosin oil used the less drying is the oil.
The following books may be consulted with advantage on
subjects relating to paints, painting, etc.
Iron Corrosion, Anti-Foulinfj and Anti-Corrosive Paints. By
Louis Edgar Andes. Price 10s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood
& Co. An excellent book containing much useful information
on the rusting and corrosion of iron and methods of preven-
tion, also on anti-fouling paints and compositions.
Drying Oils, Boiled Oils and Driers. By Louis Edgar Andes.
Price 12s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co. Contains a full
account of paint oils, their preparation and uses.
Manufacture of Paint. By J. Cruickshank Smith, B.Sc.
Price 7s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co. Contains an
account of the processes and machinery used in the grinding
of paint.
Painting on Glass and Porcelain and Enamel Painting. By
Felix Hermann. Price 10s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co.
One of the best books on the subject of glass painting.
Enamels arid Enamelling. By Paul Randau. Price 10s. 6d.
net. Scott, Greenwood & Co. Deals with the enamelling
and enamel decoration of metals, and is the most complete
work on the subject.
The Art of Enamelling on Metals. By W. Norman Brown.
Price 2s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co. An excellent
little treatise on the subject.
WorksJioj) Wrinkles. By W. Norman Bi-own. Price 3s. net.
Scott, Greenwood & Co. A collection of notes, hints, formulae,
etc., for painters, paper-hangers and decorators generally.
House Decorating and Painting. By W. Norman Brown.
Price 3s. 6d. net. Scott, Greenwood & Co. A very good
account of the processes and practice of liouse painting.
SKCTIoN Ml.
VAKNISJIKS roii COACll-lUlI.DHHS, CAJJINKT-MAKHKS,
WOOD - WORKERS, METAL - WORKERS. PHOTO-
GRAPHERS, ETC.
HARD WHITE SPIRIT VARNISH.
I.b.
Mastic rosin ...... H
Sandanic rosin ...... 16
Methylated spirit ..... 1 t,'allon.
Turpentine .2 gallons.
SOFT WHITE SPIRIT VARNISH.
(â– amphor ....... 2
IMeini ....... Hi
Sandanic rosin ...... 24
Methylated spirit 1 gallon.
WHITE HARD SPIRIT VARNISH.
Pale sandanvc .....
Piile soft \lanilla
Metliylated spirit ....
LABEL VARNISH. BEST.
"Jr.
Manilla copal ..... 3
French rosin ...... -i
Methylated spirit 20 gallons,
(llh
1
22
2
22
20 .'
mII.,.,^
Cwt.
Qr.
2
1
28 gallons.
ISh
Cvvl
1
1.
t. Qr.
Lb,
14
1
112 VARNISHES.
BROWN HARD SPIRIT VARNISH.
Medium rosin . ,
Button lac
Methylated spirit
WHITE HARD SPIRIT VARNISH.
Soft Manilla
Sandarac ....
Pale French rosin
Methylated spirit . . . . . 25 gallons.
COIVIIVION LABEL VARNISH.
Manilla copal
French rosin
Castor oil .
Methylated spirit ... 20 gallons.
MAHOGANY VARNISH.
Put into 1 pint of methylated spirit of wine 2 oz. gum
sandarac, 1 oz. dark shellac, i oz. gum benjamin, 1 oz. of
Venice turpentine (genuine), and add sufficient dragon's blood
(gum sang, draeonis) to give the required intensity of mahogany-
stain. Let it stand in a warm place, with frequent agitation,
until the gums are dissolved, then strain through muslin.
FINEST EBONY FRENCH POLISH.
Garnet shellac
Gum sandarac
Spirit black
Methylated spirit
Cwt.
Qr.
1
Lb.
Oz.
1
2
3
Cwt.
1
Qr.
Lb.
14
4
50 galloi
IS.
VARNISHES.
STOUT VARNISH,
Dried bleached lac
Daik sandarac
Pale French rosin .
Methylated spirit .
IIH
gr.
2(') ''allons.
PALE STAIN VARNISH,
Manilla copal ....
<.>r. I.b.
.{
Pale French rosin
. 1
Oranj^'e shellac ....
. 1
Benzoin .....
. U ti
Methylated spirit ....
. .'JO gallons
ORDINARY GLAZE VARNISH.
Dark rosin .
Manilla copal
Sandarac
Methylated spirit .
1
Lb.
JO
;j
7
LS •gallons.
FINEST BOOKBINDERS' VARNISH, BROWN.
i,)r. Lb.
Best l)Uttoii hic ...... 1
Gum sandarac ...... .i
Methylated spirit . . . . .10 j.;allon8.
BEST EBONY FRENCH BOOKBINDERS' VARNISH,
Garnet shellac
Venice turps
Aniline^spirit black
Aniline Chrysoidine
Methylated spirit .
1
Lb.
O/,
7
(1
u
o
10
^.illon^i
114
VARNISHES.
JET BLACK CYCLE ENAMEL.
Button lac .
Qr.
2
Lb. Oz.
4
Pale sandarac
20
Castor oil
i
Nigrosine black .
3
Soudan G
4
Methylated spirit .
CYCLE BLACK.
20
gallons.
Button shellac
Cwt.
.
Qr.
2
Lb. Oz
Manilla copal
. 1
Medium rosin
.
3
Nigrosine black
.
7
Soudan G
.
4
Methylated spirit
.
45 gallons.
METAL VARNISH FOR STOVING AT 80^^ F. THIRTY
MINUTES.
Cwt.
Dark Manilla gum . ... 1
Dark rosin ...... 3
Methylated spirit 100 gallons.
Can be coloured any shade with coal-tar dye.
BROWN HARD SPIRIT VARNISH.
Medium rosin
Button lac .
Methylated spirit
3
3
28 gallons.
RED BRUSH POLISH.
Garnet shellac
Dark Manilla copal
Cwt.
Qr. Lli. Oz.
10
VARNISHKS,
Dark rosin
Cwi.
1
gi. Lb.
14
Oz.
Bismarck brown
17
Methylated spirit .
25 gallons.
J^rodiice.s 34 gallons.
115
FINE FRENCH POLISH.
Pale oranj^e slu-Uac
Pale Manilla copal
Pale French rosin
Methylated spirit .
gr.
Lb.
20
10
10
oO t^allons.
SUPERIOR BRUSH POLISH.
Orange shellac
Sandarac
Chrysoidine crystal
Methylated spirit .
Cwt.
1
14
•i
25 gallons.
EXPORT FRENCH POLISH,
Pale uraiij^e .shellac
Qi. LI.. Oz
1
Common button lac
1 () IJ
Gum benzoin
;i
Garabo},'e
6
Methylated spirit .
27 gallons.
BEST WHITE FRENCH POLISH.
Bleached shellac
(jum sandarac
Methylated spirit
Cwt.
1
Qr.
Lb.
8
10
60 gallons.
116
VARNISHES.
WHITE FRENCH POLISH.
Dried bleached shellac ....
Pale Manilla copal ....
Pale French rosin ....
Methylated spirit .....
VARNISH BASE FOR DARK TINTS.
Garnet shellac
Dark sandarac
Medium rosin
Gum benzoin
Methylated spirit .
SPIRIT VARNISH SIZE FOR NEW WORK.
2
Lb.
20
.
10
.
n
. 50 gallons
^TS.
Qr.
1
Lb.
2
2
.
7
. 30 g
allons.
Dried bleached lac
Dark sandarac
Methylated spirit .
Qr.
FINEST FRENCH PAPER POLISH.
Gum benzoin ....
Pale sandarac ....
Methylated spirit ....
CLEAN METAL VARNISH.
Gum sandarac ...
Button lac .....
Venice turpentine
Methylated spirit ....
CABINET-MAKERS' VARNISH.
Dissolve 5 lb. extra pale shellac and 7 oz. mastic in .S quarts
of methylated spirit, stir well until thoroughly mixed in a cold
•
26 gallons.
-IS
H.
Qr. Lb.
1 20
,
7
20 gallons.
Qr.
1
Lb. Oz
1
6
5
24 gallons.
\ A KM sin;-;. 117
room. This v.ii-nish must Im- kf|»t wfll ,i\v,iy IVoiii lif-at <lMi-iii|:
preparation.
GOLD-COLOURED VARNISH.
Pound 4 ()/. i;auil)ot;t', 4 o/. annotta, 4 oz. slicUao, 4 oz.
<lra<^()n's hlooil and 1 oz. suHron in separate vessels: pour I
<iuart of alcohol <»ver each, ami pour into narrow-mouthed
hottles oi' Masks and keep for li\c days in a warm room, sjiak-
u\ir occasionally to hasten the solution ; at the end ol" this period,
it" nieltetl, mix the (•onteuts of the tive vessels t4>ir«'thei-. and stir
lor a short time.
WHITE HARD VARNISH.
Put 5 lb. ;;um sandarac. I U). ^um mastic and 2 (gallons
spirit.s ol" wine into a ^.jlass vessel to dissolve ; place this in a
warm corner, occasionally shakin<; it : when these ingredients
are in a liipiid condition, strain thi-ou^^li a tine sieve.
VARNISH FOR GILDED ARTICLES.
Dis.solve 121 "^- <d' shellac, and the same (piantity ol'
^fambo^e, separately, in o pints of inethylate<l spirit each,
also dissolve \'2h oz. ol" anncjtta and the .same i|uantity of
• Irae^on's blood, separately, in 5 pints spirit each, and then add
all tot^ether. The sluiile niay be varied by ad<lin<; moi-e or le.ss
of the annotta ami dragon's blood.
VARNISH FOR VIOLINS, ETC.
Put 12 oz. ot mastic and I ^.dlon of rectified spirits of
wine with a [)int of tur]»entine in a tin vessel, ami place it in
a warm spot, occasion.illy sllakin;,^ until the in^^^redients are
thorou<;hly di.s,solved, then strain thr(ju;,di a cloth. This \ arnish
may be dilut«'(I if nece.ssary with ttn"j)i'ntine vannsh.
118
VARNISHES.
BROWN HARD SPIRIT VARNISH.
Place 3 lb. of gum saiidarac with 2 lb. shellac and 2
gallons of methylated spirit (64 overproof) in a flask ; agitate
for live hours or thereabout, strain through a cloth, and add
1 quart of turpentine varnish ; agitate for about another half-
hour and it will be ready for use the day following.
VARNISH FOR NEW WOOD.
To varnish unpainted wood, take i pint wood naphtha, 8
oz. orange shellac, and h pint methylated spirit.' Mix and
dissolve. Apply it with a brush.
A VARNISH FOR FLOORS.
A varnish for floors which dries quickly and gives a high
gloss can be obtained by melting 1 part of D. C. shellac and 2
parts of pale rosin. Draw your fire and add 6 parts of 90 per
cent, methylated spirit, which has been slightly warmed, and
2V part camphor. Every pound of this varnish will cover 35
square feet of previously primed flooring.
CABINET-MAKERS' VARNISH.
Take 3 pints naphtha, 3 lb. pale shellac, and 4 oz. mastic.
Put them into a suitable vessel, mix and dissolve, in a cold
room, by shaking and stirring.
WATIN'S FORMULA FOR VIOLIN VARNISH.
Sandarac
Parts.
125
Shellac
62
Mastic in tears . .
â– 62
Venice turpentine
Methylated spirit
Elemi .....
62
1,000
31
\ AlcMMII.s.
119
VIOLIN VARNISH.
Saiidarac . . . . .
Inns.
80
Mastic .....
100
Eleiui .....
30
Coloured essence
60
Castor oil ....
oO
Methylated spirit
1,000
JEWEL VARNISH.
Shellac
I'lirts
1)V Weight
90
Gainhoge gum ....
30
Amber .....
80
Dragon s blood ....
2
Saffron .....
1
Sandal \v(Kxl oil ....
2
Methylated spirit (64 overproof)
600
The ro.sin.s ai\- rendered soluble in the u.siial manner,
and the ordinary method tor the preparation of varnishes is
followed.
GOLD VARNISH FOR COPPER.
Shellac ....
I'm I- iiv \\ t
170
ight.
Amber ....
60
Dragon s blood ,
30
Gamboge gum .
Saffron ....
2
Methylated spirit
1.000
This is macerated in the spirit till tlu" solid matter is dis-
solved, and then filtered.
120
VARNISHES.
VARNISH FOR POLISHED COPPER.
Oum sandarac .
Parts
by Weight.
100
Eosin
30
Glycerine .
5
Dissolve the two
resins in
sufficient methylated spirit
and
add the glycerine.
VARNISH FOR STEEL
(DRESS
SWORDS
, ETC.).
Gum sandarac .
Parts
by Weight.
15
Small mastic
.
.
10
Elemi
Camphor .
5
3
Dissolve the whole over the water-bath in sufficient methy-
lated spirit for the purpose. This varnish is used cold. It
preserves the blade from rust, and is transparent.
YELLOW VARNISH FOR WHITE METAL.
Gum shellac
Parts by Weight.
100
Small mastic .....
80
Venetian turpentine ....
76
Dragon's blood .....
45
Gamboge gum
50
Methylated spirit ....
1,500
RED VARNISH FOR WHITE
METAL.
Shellac
Parts by Weight.
20
Powdered sandarac ....
11
Turmeric ......
5
Essence of lavender ....
3
Red sandalwood .....
3
Methylated spirit ....
140