and stir well for a shoi't time.
LINSEED OIL VARNISH.
Boil 8 lb. linseed oil for one hour, then add 1 lb. well
powdered rosin, and stir until thoroughly dissolved ; then allow
to cool down and a<ld | lb. of turpentine, and place aside to
cool.
OIL VARNISH.
Boil 36 gallons of linseed oil with 6 lb. of sugar of lead
for live hours. Other driers may be used instead of the sugar
of lead, such as linoleate of lead, borate of lead, and borate of
manganese. Only a very small quantity of the last is reciuired,
or about 1 lb. to 70 or 80 gallons of oil.
MAHOGANY VARNISH.
Run 8 lb. sorted gum animi, then pour into the melted gum
3 gallons hot clarified linseed oil, add { lb. litharge and the
same quantity of powdered dried sugar of lead ; keep over the
fire, occasionally stirring, until quite stringy ; cool down, then
thin out with 5^ gallons of turpentine, strain, and place aside
to cool.
VARNISH FOR IRON, ETC.
One (juart Swedish tar, 2 oz. pitch, 4 oz. asphaltum, 2 oz.
black rosin, i oz. litharge. Oriiid the litharge and i"Osin, then
VAHNISHKS. 141
|»ut ;iil into iiii iron vessel cniKilili- ol' lioMin^r tlnci- liiiies tin-
i|Uiiiit it y. ijciitly tmil <iiii' hour, wlnii <im)| tliiti willi liir|»i-iit iii<v
VIOLIN VARNISH.
I'ail-<.
Mastic in tears . . . 10
Daiiiinai'. soft white ... o
Turps KM)
Raw linseed oil . o
PALE OAK VARNISH.
4-.S II). ol' L;inM copal are run an<l ini.\<'il with IN ;^allons ol
oil, .', III. each of iliieil copperas, di-ied su^^ai- ol" leail,.in<l lithar;,^'
ar(ia<l"leil; theuii.xture is well lioileil and thinneil with :i.").i i;al-
lons (»r turps, anil the varnish i.s straineil and finished in the
usual way. This xai-nish is used for all kinds of hest c.ihiiiet
varnish : it dries in ahoul four hours with a har<l and durahh-
surface.
CARRIAGE VARNISH.
liini 4-S Ih. of second ipiality ;^uni aniini. mix with 1 2 , ;;al-
lons of oil. adil ^ Ih. each of lithar;,^', drie<l copjx-ras. and <lrieil
su<;ar of lead ; hoil until it strin;^^s, then tiiin witli .'i.')A gallons of
turps, and finish in the usual way. This \arnish is used f<»i-
varnishing dark-coloured c;iri'i;i;^i's. the iron work of coaches,
and lor ordinai-y cal»inet-work it dries ipiickly, in alMiui four
hours in sinniner ami ti\e hours in winter, with a h.ird and
:j;loss\' surface.
ELASTIC HARD CARRIAGE VARNISH.
Run -l-N 111. ol ;^uni co|ial, mix with \2 ;^Mllons of oil. aijd
- Ih. of ilried sue;ar of lead, and hoil until strin;;y ; thin with â– M)
gallons of turps. Kiui 4S lli. of ;^uni aninii, mix with I2;.(aIlons
of oil. add 2 111. of drie.l copjieias. and hoil until it strJnM-N ; thin
142 VARNISHES.
with 23| gallons of turps. Both runnings are mixed together
and finished in the usual way. This varnish is used for the
under coats in varnishing carriages ; dries hard in about five to
«ix hours, and gives a smooth surface.
ELASTIC CARRIAGE VARNISH.
Run 48 lb. of first quality gum copal, mix with 18 gallons
•of oil, boil for four hours until it strings ; then, after cooling, add
35^ gallons of turps. Run 48 lb. of best gum animi, mix with
12 gallons of oil, and, after boiling until it strings, thin with
23j gallons of turps. Two pots of this running are mixed
with 1 pot of the first running, and the whole is strained and
allowed to mature. This varnish is much used as the finishing-
varnish for common coaches, and for the under parts of superior
coaches. It dries brilliant and is durable, taking about ten hours
in summer and twelve hours in winter to dry.
ELASTIC CARRIAGE VARNISH.
Run 48 lb. of good quality gum copal, mix with 12^ gallons
of oil, add | lb. of litharge ; boil until it strings, then allow to
cool and thin with 35| gallons of turps. Run 48 lb. of second
sort gum animi, mix with 12i gallons of oil, add f lb. of dried
sugar of lead and 2 lb. of litharge ; boil until it strings, allow
to cool and thin with S5h gallons of turps. The two lots are
mixed together, strained, and allowed to mature. This varnish
dries hard with a fine polish in about five hours in summer and
.seven hours in winter.
HARD DRYING OR FLATTING VARNISH.
This is made by running 48 lb. of gum animi, mixing with
12 gallons of oil, and, after boiling for four hours, thinning with
23.^ gallons of turps.
VAHNISHKS. I4li
PALE COPAL VARNISH.
( ^art'lully si'lcct 4-S lli. (d" tin- |i;ilcst ;^uiii (•(»]>;il, run wrll ;iik1
mix with \'l ;^.ill()iis ol" jjilc IxiiltMl oil, hoil tin- wlntjf iiiitil it
Htriii;;;s, tluMi allow to cool il(j\vii a littlt-, ami tliiii with .'ifi.l
i^alloiis of turps; strain and finish as usual. Wln-n well niadf
this varnish is very |):il('. ami drii-s with a lustrous, ilurahh-
coat ill iVoMi ci^jit ti) ti'ii lioui's. ^
FINISHING BODY VARNISH FOR COACHES.
Kun 4S II). of l);}st Al'rican amnii, [) )ur in I li i;allons ol tin-
hest linsceil oil, well hoilotl ; .set vi*iy slowly (hy l)i)ilin;L; tor four
to Hve hours until it strin<^.s well), allow to cool an«i add 'iU
gallons oi" turps; strain .uid allow to anc This varnish is con-
sidered to be the best varnish made, hut it i-eijuires considerable
can- in makin*; to obtain it ot" ^ood (jualily ; the best and palest
i»uni and the best oil must be used.
CARRIAGE AND BODY VARNISH.
Preparation I. -I'^iin-st AtVican copal. 14 Hi.; fuse carftully,
a<ld clarifiiMl hot linseed oil. 1(1 ;;allons ; boil ^rcntly for four and
a hair hours, or till ipiite sti'in;;y, cool a little and thin with
turpentine, 26 "gallons. Dries slowly.
Preparation 2. — Pale ^^uni eopal, Il4 lb. ; claritied hot linseed
oil. I(i ^rallons ; mix while still liot with the followin;^' vaiMiish ;
palt^ ;,^nm animi. ()4 lb. ; hot linseed oil, Ki ;;allons; dried white
copperas, 1.', lb.; lK)il as before, and thin with tiu'pentine. 2
Ljallons.
COIVIIVION ROSIN VARNISH.
Preparation I. — Clear |»alf rosin, MJ. lb ; turpentin.-, I
;;allon ; dis.solve.
144 VARNISHES.
Preparation 2. — Clear Venice turpentine, 4 lb. : turpentine,
5 lb. ; mix.
Both are (^[ood common varnishes foi- wood or metal.
CHEAP OIL VARNISH.
Preparation 1. — Rosin, 24 lb. ; melt by heat, add Venice
turpentine, 10 lb. : pale dryiny oil, 8 o-allons: cool a little, and
thin with turpentine, 8 tjuarts.
Preparation 2. — Rosin, 42 lb. ; boiled oil, 4 oallons ; melt and
thin with turpentine. 16 quarts.
Both the above are good varnishes for common \vo)'k.
OAK VARNISH.
Dark gum kowrie
Boiled linseed oil .
American turps ....
CRYSTAL VARNISH.
The best crystal varnish is made with Canada balsam and
sufficient turpentine to make the varnish of a proper consistence
for the purpose for which it is required. A very good crystal
varnish may, however, be made with oum mastic, '2h lb. ; gum
dammar, 1 11». ; turpentine, 1 gallon.
CRYSTAL VARNISH.
Preparation 1. — Genuine pale Canada Ijalsam and lectified
oil of turpentine, equal parts ; mix ; place the bottle in warm
water, agitate well, set it aside in a moderately warm place,
and in a week pour off" the clear liquor. This is used for maps,
prints, drawings, and other articles of paper, and also to pre-
pare tracing paper and to transfer engravings.
Preparation 2. — Mastic, 3 oz. ; metliylatc*! .spirit, 1 pint ;
di.s.solve. Used to fix pencil drawings.
Cwt.
Qr.
Lb.
10
1
1
4
1
1
VARNISHKS. 145
LACQUER FOR DARK WALL-PAPER.
Wiill-jmpcr C()!itt*<I with the following; I.iciHht caii In- wiishfil
witli soup ami water witlioiit suHi'riii;,^ iiijuiy : horax, I o/. :
shellac or stick lac, 1 oz. ; (liss(jlve(l in 10 oz. ut" hot water. Th«'
solution is th«*ii stniincMl through a close cloth, and the lac(Hier
is apj»lit'<l t(j the wall-|)ap('r cither hci'orc oi* altn- it is pi:t upon
the wall. W'lit'ii <\vy tlir paper is linished with a soil luusli.
which will i^ive it a tine lustre. The pa}>ei- should receive two
coats, which are ap])lied in the usual manner with a hrush, l)ut
of course the Hi-st coat should be tlioroughly th-\- l>ei"ore tlie
second is laid on.
GOLD COLOUR VARNISH.
Take 2 oz. white shi'llac. 2 oz. dra^^fon's l»lood, l^ oz. ;^fain-
lx)j;e, 2 oz. annotta, and ', oz. saffron. Pouinl these separately,
then put them into a i)ottle with 1 pint spii-its of wine ; place
the Ijottle in a warm place lor two or three «lays, shaking; and
stirring until dissolved.
CHEAP COLD VARNISH.
.Mix 1 (piart of ttu'pentine varnish, "2 oz. <;and>o^o', :{ j)ints
turpentine, \ gill asphaltum, }. oz. yellow aniline, and 1 oz.
of umber. Phis is use(| in place of e.xpensive <;t)jd vandsh on
tin goods.
VARNISH FOR WRITINC ON GLASS.
Kther, .")() oz. ; samlarac, 'A oz. ; mastic, -i oz. ; <lissolve. then
add benzine in small tpiantities till the varnish, spread on a
])iece of glass, gives it the aspect of ground glass. The varnish
is use(l cold. Willi ink or h-ad pencil, lines e.in be produced on
this surface as tine as ma\' be desired. Thus a diawing may
be prepared in a few minutes and immc<liate|y piwi- <i.-.! in a
uiagic lantern.
10
146 VARNISHES.
MASTIC VARNISH.
Preparation 1 (tine). — Very pale and picked gum mastic, 5
lb. : rectified turpentine, 2 gallons. Put them into a clean 4-
gallon stone or tin l)ottle, cork securely, and keep rolling it back-
wards and forwards prett}^ smartly on a counter or any other
solid place for at least four hours, then, if the gum is all dis-
solved, the varnish ma}^ be decanted, strained through muslin
into another bottle and allowed to settle. It should be kept
for six or nine months before use, as it thei*eby gets both
tougher and clearer.
Preparation 2 (second quality). — Mastic, 8 lb. ; turpentine, 4
gallons ; dissolve by a gentle heat, and add pale turpentine
varnish, ^ gallon.
Preparation 3. — Gum mastic, 6 oz. ; turpentine, 1 quart ; dis-
solve. Mastic varnish is used for pictures, etc. When good it
is tough, hard, brilliant and colourless. Should it get chilled,
1 lb. well-washed siliceous sand should be made moderately hot
and added to each gallon, which must then be well agitated for
five minutes, and afterwards allowed to settle.
VARNISH FOR GLASS.
Dissolve a ([uantity of gum tragacanth (powdered) in the
white of an egg, well beaten up, and leave for twenty- four
hours; it is then ready for use.
DIPPING SOLUTION FOR BRONZING PAINT TINS.
Dis.solve asphaltum in spirits of turpentine, and thin down
to the requisite consistenc3^
BLACKBOARD VARNISH.
Take 5 oz. of best white shellac, and put it into a bottle
with 1 pint spirits of wine ; when dissolved, put in suHicient
gas black to make the whole dense. Clean the board, and
VAHNISMKS. 147
apply a coat with a soli brush. When 'hy. ;4iNi' aiiotli«T fi),it
until you have the desired ettect. The chalk will ruli clean
(tut anil i<'a\i' no marks.
ETCHING VARNISH.
Di.s.solve h OA. I>ui-;;unily pitch, A o/. of hiack an«l '1 o/.. of
white wax to^^ethcr, aildin;; slowly 2 o/. of powdered asphal-
tum. Boil until a di"o|» taken out, when cold, can Im' hroken
by bendini^ to and iVo two or three tinn's. Tln-n poui- into
lukewarm water, and inaki- into halls lor use.
VARNISH FOR CHARTS, DRAWINGS, ETC.
Boil a i|uantity of clean parchnimt c»ittin;^rs with water in
a glazed earthen vessel until it ;;i\cs tin- appearance of a \'er\-
clear size, then place aside tor use.
VARNISH FOR PLASTER CASTS.
(irate J oz. ol" curd soap and dissolve in 4 Ih. of water in an
enamelled vessel over a slow heat, then add 1 oz. tinely cut
white beeswax, and when these ingredients are thoroughly
c<»ml»in<'d the vainisli is tit lor use.
ENGRAVERS' TRANSFER VARNISH.
Dissolve together 12.', (jz. each ol" mastic ( liroken), and 2')
oz. each ol" sandarac and ])ale Venetian turpentini-; adJ 1 tpiart
turpiMitine vai-nisli, and strain thn^ugh a linen cloth.
ENGRAVERS STOPPING-OUT VARNISH.
.Mix lami)ltlack with a sulticient ipiantity dI turpentine and
a little N'enir-e turpentine to a paste consistency.
BORAX VARNISH.
10 II). of borax, 'M lb. of coaisely pulverised shellac, and
20 i'allons of water. Di.ssolve bv warminef on a steam-bath
148 VARNISHES.
for a few hours. When cold it may be filtered. To make it
more pliable, add a few drops of glycerine. It may be given
various colours by introducing aniline dyes ; for a black vamish
it is recommended to use Soluble Xigrosine ; red varnishes are
obtained by adding Eosine or Magenta : for blue, either Methy-
lene blue. Alkali blue or Marine blue : for green. Malachite green
or Brilliant green, and for violet. Methyl violet. (Jf these from
1 to 2 lb. per gallon will be usually sufficient. The black borax
varnish colom-ed with logwood, etc., is used for polishing ladies'
boots and shoes, being cheaper than alcoholic varnishes.
BRUNSWICK BLACK.
Foreign asphaltum, 45 lb.: boiled linseed oil, (j gallons:
litharge, 6 lb. : boil together ajid thin with 25 gallons of turpen-
tine. Used for iron-work. A cheaper Brunswick black, but
inferior to the last, may be made by mixing black pitch and
gas tar asphaltum, of each 25 lb. ; boil gently for tive hours,
then add linseed oil, 8 gallons : litharge and red lead, of each
10 lb. ; boil as before, and thin with turpentine, 20 gallons.
WATER STAIN VARNISH.
Lb.
Bleached shellac ...... 14
Lump borax ...... 7
Water 70 gallons.
Process. — Boil together until all is dissolved, strain and keep
in clean turps baiTel.
DEAD SURFACE VARNISHES.
Generally speaking, such varnishes are produced by pre-
paring mixtures of solutions of rosins with li(|uids in which
they are insoluble. For example, a solution of gum sandarac
in ether, when mixed with one-fourth as much benzol, gives
an excellent imitation of ground glass, so does one of gum
VAKNISHKS. I !'.»
il;iimii;ir in Ih-ii/oI ulun mixcil uiili i-tliiT, wliicli rfinlcrs it
st'iiii-i)ii;ii|U"v A iiiixtmi' (tf Immi/oI with coiniindi in'^ative
Viiniisli iisfil hy |>li(jt(>^ra])lM'rs ijivj's !i iK'nutilul »lea<l .surface.
I'lif pnipi'i- jir(>|M)i-t ioMs to l)t' recoininciKlcil arc al)<)ut as
lollow-i : say. lu parts of samlarac (lis.solvcMl in 4*i parts of
t'tln'i', to wliicli is .iiMi'il .'54 parts ot" licii/ol.
TRANSFER VARNISH.
Mastic ill tears. \il o/,. : i-osin, 12.^ o/.. : pair \ fiiicc turpcu-
tiiif ami samlarac. of cacli '25 o/. : niethylatcil spirit, 5 jnnts ;
(Ji.ssolvc as Ijct'orc. I'scil for Hxinj^ ciij^i-avin^s m- litli(»;,n'aplis
on wooil, ami I'oi- i;ililiii^-. sil\•cl•iIl;^^ etc.
BLACK VARNISH FOR IRON.
A cheap l)l;icl< paint or \arnish tor iron-w<)i-k is prcparetl
as follows: C'lear wootl tai', 10 lb. ; lampblack or niinural Ijlack,
H lb.: tur[)entine, 5.*, (piarts. Tlie tar is fir.st heated in a larj^e
iron ])ot tn boiling-, or ueai'ly so. anil the heat is continueil for
about four hours. The pot is tlu'ii removed from the tire (jut of
doors, and while still warm (not hot) tiie turpentine mixed with
the black stirred in. If the varnisii is too thick to ilry (piickly,
add more tur|)entiiie. Henziiie can be used instead of turj)entine,
l)ut the results are not .so ^ood. .Vsplialtuni is pi-eferalile to
cheap tar.
COPAL PICTURE VARNISH.
Hun -S lb. of the very best and palest cojial. mix with '•I
gallons of oil, and boil until it strings well, then thin with
'\ ;,fallons of tiu'ps. When i^ood materi.ils ai<' used a pale
durattle varnisii is obtained.
BLACK VARNISH FOR CARRIAGE IRON-WORK.
Run 4s lb. of iisphallum in the set-pot, and ad«l 10 j^allons
of boiled oil, 7 lit. of red lead, 7 IIj. of Iithar>^e, and li lb. of
150
VARNISHES.
copperas: run 8 lb. of copal, mix witli 2 gallons of oil, and
add to the set-pot, and then boil until it sets hard between the
lingers ; then, after cooling, thin with 30 gallons of turps.
This <lries hard with a good surface in about three hours.
COACHIVIAKERS' BLACK JAPAN,
Amber gum ....
Cwt. Qr. Lb.
. 1 1 20
Ground black rosin
. 40
Linseed oil .
14 gallons.
BoiUng clarified oil
10 gallons.
Asphalt varnish .
10 gallons.
Lb.
160
40
40
. 15 gallons.
. 10 gallons.
5 gallons.
Fuse amber, then add the rosin and the boiling oil : cool,
add asphalt varnish, then thin out with the linseed oil.
COACHIVIAKERS' BLACK VARNISH OR JAPAN.
Amber gum
Asphaltum ....
Black rosin ....
American turps
Well clarified raw linseed oil
Eosin spirit ....
Melt the amber at 360° F., add the oil which should be
ready boiling ; then turn in asphaltum and rosin, continue
boiling until all moisture is out of asphaltum ; then turn out
fire and allow^ varnish to cool down. Thin with the turps
and rosin spirit, first blended together.
VARNISH FOR LABELS.
Write the labels in large .size letters or else use printed
labels ; when quite dry and stuck on the bottle, give them a
coating of a 20 gr, solution of gelatine, going about | of
VARNISHKS.
iUi iiicli hcyoiid the Kilicl on to till- ;^las.s. Allow t<» tli(»i<m;;hlv
<lr\' ami \aniisli with oriJiiiarN- wliitr liai'l \aniis|i. or witli :
Mastic .
Oil of liivt'iidcr
Alcohol
Benzol
()/.. (ir. Mm.
90
(t 1.0
I (I
) (I
MASTIC VARNISH.
Mastic
Sandarac
Methylated spirit
1
.1,
10
This is ii soiiit'wliat soft varnish, Imt is of a pah' culoui-.
AQUEOUS SHELLAC VARNISH.
Bleaciied slallac .
Borax .
Sodium carbonate
Water .
Glycerine
Oz.
1
Dr
1
00
10
1
Dissolve the borax and soda in H parts of tlir watt-r^and
add the shellac.
MATT VARNISH.
Sandarac ......
Mastic .......
Ether
13issolve and add: —
Benzol . . . . . .i to 4
The more benzol is uddid the coarser the ^rain.
Oz.
Gr.
300
48
10
152
VAKNISHES.
COLLODION.
Ether, s.g. '725
Fl.Oz.
. 10
Gr.
Alcohol, s.g. -805 .
8
Pyroxyline
120
TO REMOVE VARNISH.
When it is necessary to remove varnish, a mixture of
strong- solution of ammonia, 1 part, with methylated spirit,
9 parts, should be allowed to soak into the film for five
minutes, and then o-entle rubbing with a tuft of cotton-wool
will generally remove the varnish, or the treatment may be
repeated. This will remove nearly all varnishes except
the celluloid varieties, which can be removed with amyl
acetate.
BLACK LEATHER VARNISH.
A very good black varnish is made by boiling 40 lb. of
linseed oil with 16 lb. of litharge for about five hours, and
then colouring with lampblack. Other leather varnishes will
be found under Spirit Varnishes.
LACQUERS FOR BRASS CASTINGS.
Shellac
Manilla copal
Dragon's blood
. Extract red sandalwood
Oriental saffron
Methylated spirit .
Expose articles to a gentle heat and dip in the lacquer
several times if necessary. Has a good colour, is durable, and
may be cleaned with water and a dry rag.
Oz.
6
Gr
2
40
30
36
44
VAHNISHKS. 153
FOR BRASS OR BRONZE.
siu'iiuc . . k;
Dragon's blocnl I
Turmeric root 1
Alcohol M32
AV.iiin I lie art ii'li-, lid'or.' a|i|»lyiii^.
BLACK LACQUER.
Shellac \)
Methylated spirit .... of)
Digest, ami tJK'ii ail<l : —
Asphaltuni . 10
Dissolve ill : —
Ben/.ol .00
Lampl)lack ....... ad lib.
Dilute with alcitliol ami heii/ol to j)roi)er eoiisisteiice.
RED SPIRIT LACQUER.
'2 ;^aIloiis luetiiylateil spirit, I 11). of ili-a;^o)M's hlctoil, ."{ lb.
■of .Spanish annotta, and :^ Ih. of <rnn» sainlarac. Shake well,
•lissolve an«I strain, and tlicn add 2 jiints of I urpfntint- : mix
well.
LACQUERS FOR BRASS.
These also are made from a ;,afat vaiifty of i-rcipes. hut
the follfjwin;^^ will ;;ive some idea of what is n'i|uired. and tlu-
•ditierent shades can easily he re^julateil ly increasinj; or
diminishing the proportions of the eolonrinj^ a;;ents used.
All lacipiers should he made hy a;^itation without heat, and
aftei- the gums are dis.solved the {)reparation should l»e allowed
to stand so a.s to clear; and even when it has cleared it is all
154
VAENISHES.
the better for being filtered through paper, after which it
should be kept tightly corked and in a dark place.
VARNISH FOR GILDED ARTICLES.
Shellac, gamboge, dragon's blood, annotta, each 4 parts ;
saffron, 1 part. Dissolve each rosin separately in 8 parts of
methylated spirit, and make tinctures with the dragon's blood
and annotta, each in 8 parts of methylated spirit, then mix
the gum solutions together and add a sufficient quantity of
the tinctures to give the required shade and colour to the
varnish.
FINEST BRONZE LACQUER.
Button lac ......
Ll).
. 24
Sandarac
. 14
Aloes
7
Gum accroides .....
. 10
Gamboge ......
6
Methylated spirit
45 gallons..
Filter through paper.
GREEN OR STEEL LACQUER.
Button lac ......
Qr. Lb.
1
Turmeric
6
Sandarac ......
6
Gamboge ......
U
Methylated spirit .....
20 gallons..
SPIRIT LACQUER COLD.
Sandarac ......
Qr. Lb.
1
Button lac
14
Benzoin
4
Methylated spirit
16 gallons.
V AUNISHKS.
\rv>
Colouicil witli iiiiiliiii' <ly»'S acconliti;; to sliadt- n-i|uii-»-<l.
riiis is used cold liy (li|)|tiiin^ (lie iii-ticli"< in the lac<|UiT aixl
stoviii;^' at an oriliiiaiy tcmpcratuir.
STOVING BRASS LACQUER.
Bleached lac .
Aloes
Gamboge
Sandaiac
Methylated spirit
hl>.
'24
I
2i
(i
H6 gallons.
BEST BRASS-FINISHERS' LACQUER, SILVER.
Bleached lac .
Sandarac
Venice turps .
Methylated spirit
Button lac
Manilla copal
Medium rosin
Turmeric
Methylated spirit
STEEL LACQUER.
^>i-. \A).
1
()
o
'2-') gallons.
gr. \.h.
2
7
1
() li>
21 gallons.
COMIVION TRANSPARENT LACQUER.
French rosin
Castor oil
Methylated spirit
I wt. i^'r.
1 1
20 gallons,
t)
PALE TANNERS' LACQUER.
Gum sandarac
French rosin
Methylated spirit
( W!
II
1
'20 gallons.
156 VARNISHES.
LACQUERS FOR BRASS.
Shellac, dragon's blood, annotta and gamboge, each 4 oz. ;
saffi'on, 1 oz. : spirit, 10 pints.
Turmeric, 1 lb. ; annotta, 2 oz. ; shellac and gum juniper,
each 12 oz. ; spirit, 12 oz.
Shellac, 6 oz. ; dragon's blood, 40 gr. ; extract of red sanders,
I dram ; Oriental saft'ron, 36 gr. ; methylated spirit, 40 oz.
Shellac, 3 oz. : gamboge, 2 oz. : extract of red sanders,
h dram ; dragon's blood, 1 dram : saffron, h dram ; spirit, 2
pints 4 oz.
Turmeric, 6 drams: saffi'on, 15 gr. ; methylated spirit, 1
pint. After straining, add gamboge, 6 drams : gum sandarac
and elemi, each 2 oz. : dragon's blood and shellac, each 1 oz.
Methylated spirit, 1 pint : turmeric, 1 oz. ; annotta and
satfron, 2 drams each ; agitate frequently for a week, filter
into a clean bottle, and add shellac, 3 oz. Let stand, with
occasional agitation, for about two weeks.
Gamboge, h oz. ; aloes, 1| oz. ; shellac (fine), S oz. ; spirit,
1 gallon.
BRONZING LIQUID.
Dissolve 10 parts magenta and 5 parts of aniline purple in
100 parts of 95 per cent, methylated spirit on a water-bath ;
after solution has taken place, add 5 parts of benzoic acid and
keep the whole boiling for five or ten minutes, until the green
colour of the mixture has given place to a fine light bronze
brown. This liquid may be applied to all metals as well as
many other substances, yields a very brilliant coating, and
di'ies quickly. It is applied with a brush.
METAL LACQUER.
To obtain a fight, liard, and cheap varnish for metal wares,
dammar can be usefully employed. With 2 lb. dammar, 1
VAHN'ISHKS.
l.V
•gallon lui|M'iitint', iin«l 2 Hi. liiisccd oil saniisli a vci-y ;^'o(k1
lacqut'i- is ()l)t<iiiitMl, wliii'h on shft-t nii'tai sIiowk a li^flit Cf)l()ur
with yellowish sluuU-. Pajx-r is ii'iidt'ivd tiaiisparcnt hy this
laciiucr. It dries slowly, and is traiisj)>iii'iit, soft and pliable.
This lac'iMcr can he coloured a Hne red or l)rown yell<)w to
â– _;^oli| ('(ildur hy the addition ol" dra^^on's hlooil and asphalt.
STOVING GOLD LACQUER.
(,»r.
LI
Hutton lac .
1
(iiunho;,'e
f)
d
Dragon's blood
:i
Sandarac
(\
Methylated spirit
. :M ^'al
Ion
LACQUER FOR ARTICLES OF TINPLATE.
Turmeric
Sat Iron
Sandarac rosin
Oanada balsam
Mastic rosin
Methylated spirit
Turpentine .
It)
â– a
2
. tiO ti. O/.
10 (hams.
I)i<;est the turmeric and sati'ron in the spirit for several days,
then Hltei-, and in tht' Hltere<l rtui<l ilissoK c the rosin ;in<l halsjiin