first edition, illustrated with portraits, autographs,
etc., George Daniel's copy, 195; Designs by R.
Bentley for Six Poems by Gray, the poet's own copy,
containing MS. Ode to Poesy, extra stanza to the
Elegy, etc., George Daniel's copy, /400 ; Lady
Hamilton's Attitudes, with some extra prints in-
serted, 1807, ;^3i ; William Heath's Oddities, 39
original drawmgs, 121 ; N. HeidelofTs Gallery
of Fashion, 1794- 1802 (plate wanting), /66 ; Hone's
Political Tracts, etc., his own copy, used by him
in his three trials, ^27 ; Collection of 70 Jest-
Books of the Eighteenth Century, in 17 vols.,
/68 ; Johnson's Rasselas, third edition, the Doctor's
own copy, 1760, /143 ; Boswell's Life of Johnson,
and Tour to the Hebrides, 5 vols., 1785-18 16, Mrs.
Thrale's (Piozzi's) copy, with numerous notes,
2 A 2
1 88
ANTIQUARIAN NEWS.
4fiii\ Johnsoniana. with drawings, autograph
letters, etc.. /50 : Ren Jonson's Works. 1616-40,
/30 ; Edmund Kean, scarce Tracts relating to him,
/32 ; Kemble's Memoirs by Boaden, with several
hundred extra illustrations. 1825. /iji ; Kit-Cat
Club, original impressions. 1735. 45 I Laborde,
Choix de Chansons, Paris. 1773, /70 ; Lafontaine.
Contes, 1762, 49; Le Pautre, CEuvres d' Archi-
tecture, 3 vols., 1751. ;^37: The Looking-Glass, or
Caricature Annual, 7 vols , 1830-36. /36 ; Lysons's
Knvirons of I^ndon. illustrated with 5,000 extra
views by \V Wilson. 2G vols.. /335 . Costume of
the Allied Armies in Paris in 1815. /Co; Knglish
Military Costumes (59), n.d.,/'46; German Mili-
tary Costumes. 56 original drawings. ^56 ; Military
Memoirs of America and Europe, collected by Sir
W. D. Smith, Speaker of the House of Assembly,
Canada, 33 vols., 58; Pictorial Episodes in the
Lives of the Great Captains of the Age, a collec-
tion of 400 illustrations, /gg ; Moreau's Illustrations
to Bret's edition of Moliere, 1773, 45 plates, some
in first and other states, /316 ; Moore's Lalla
Rookh. author's autograph MS. with proof-sheets
and MS. correction, 1817, iy> ; Moreau le Jeune,
Monument du Costume Physique et Moral du
XVIII" Siecle, /67 ; J. S. Munden's Memoirs,
with 500 extra illustrations by H. Saker, 3 vols.,
/loo ; Catalogue of the Household Effects at
Longwood (Napoleon I.'s residence at St. Helena),
1822, ;^86 ; Portraits of Napoleon I. and his
Generals (20), Paris, Chez Potrelle, /149 ; Cari-
catures on Napoleon (232), from Lord Farnham's
collection, 65 ; Ashton's English Caricature on
Napoleon I, , illustrated with 557 rare prints, ^254 ;
Large Engravings of Naval Engagements, 1797-
1803 (96), published by R. Dodd, etc., 235 ;
Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, illustrated with
1,300 portraits, 19 vols., 1812-58, /50 ; Pen-
nant's Tour in Scotland, illustrated with 834
water-colour drawings and engravings, 6 vols.,
1769-72, /91 ; Pope's Works, Foulis's edition,
5 vols., illustrated with 600 prints and portraits,
many very rare, 1785, ^265; Works, 10 vols.,
1743-51, Horace Walpole's copy, /20 los. ; Por-
traits of Ladies (210), many very fine, ^1,450;
Portraits of Ladies and Coloured Prints, many
scarce (93), ;^I55 ; Prior's Poems, first authorized
edition, large paper, Sarah Duchess of Marl-
borough's copy, 1709, 25 los. ; Purchas's Pilgrims,
5 vols., original frontispiece to vol. i., 1625-26,
^58 ; Ranelagh and Marylebone Gardens, 269
prints, ;^48 ; Sir J. Reynolds's Works, 142 plates,
^36 ; Engravings from his Works by S. W.
Reynolds. 3 vols., Hodgson, n.d., ^36; Rigaud,
Vues des Palais, etc., de Paris, 1752, etc., ;^43 los. ;
Original Drawings by Thomas Rowlandson (52),
/435 ; another Collection of 75 Drawings, \bo ;
Loyal Volunteers, 1799, 46; R. Sayer, Collection
of Mezzotints (205), etc., /151 ; Schiitz u. Ziegler,
Aussichten Wiens, German and French, 130 plates,
Wien, 1785, etc., ;^2i9; Scott's Novels, complete
set of first editions (except Waverley), 74 vols.,
;^6i ; The Scourge, 11 vols., 1811-16, },\\ Boy-
dells Shakespeare Gallery, double set of plates,
proofs, and etchings, 1803, 64 ; C. Hamilton
Smith's Original Drawings of Costumes Ancient
aqd Modem (about 2,000), ^242 i6s. ; Steele's
Tatler, first 8vo. edition, 1710, large paper, pre-
sentation copy, ^25 los. ; Swift's Works by
Sheridan, 1803. Thackeray's copy, /51 ; Thackeray's
The Newcomes. author's own copy, 1854. ^53 ;
Costume du Theatre Moderne de Paris. 11 vols.,
Paris, Martinet, ii, ; Old Bailey Sessions Papers,
1729-1895, /29; Vauxhall Gardens Collections,
/So ; Carter's Drawings and Sketches of Horace
Walpole's Seat at Strawberry Hill, 74. The
1,852 lots making the eight days' sale realized
/20,334 i8s.6d. /^/A^WfTi/w, April 27 ; May4and 11.
PUBCICATIONS OF ARCH^OLOGICAL
SOCIETIES.
We have received the Transactions of the Leicester-
shire Architectural and Archaological Society, vol. ix.,
Eart i. It contains, besides the annual report and
rief records of several meetings of the society, a
note on an "Early English Capital found at
Hinckley," by Mr. T. Harrold ; an interesting
account, with illustration by Colonel Bellairs, of
a large wooden cross, 18 feet long, with a cross
piece of 16 feet, which was found in July, 1899,
buried under a mound at Higham-on-the-Hill ; the
continuation of Mr. Henry Hartopp's careful
" Calendar of Leicestershire Administration Bonds,
1556 to 1649 " ; and a very fine plate of the Roman
pavement recently discovered near St. Nicholas'
Church, Leicester.
^ ^ ^
The Transactions of the East Herts Archaological
Society {or 1900 (vol. i., part ii.) have reached us,
and bear witness to the energy with which the
affairs of this young society are conducted. Among
the longer contributions are papers on " Furneaux
Pelham," by Mr. R. T.Andrews; the "Opening
of a Barrow in Easneye Wood," b}' Sir John
Evans ; the " Roman Station at Braughing," by
Mr. W. B. Gerish ; and " Some Church Chests in
East Hertfordshire," by Mr. J. A. Tregelles. The
" Notes on Finds " include notices of Roman vases
and pottery, a fifteenth-century ring, cinerary urns,
and the remains of a prehistoric interment at
Weston. A brief account of the annual meeting
and of several excursions, together with the report
and balance-sheet for 1900, conclude a part which
amply justifies the existence of the society. There
are several useful illustrations.
^ ^ ^
The new volume, now before us, of Transactions of
the Royal Historical Society (New Series, vol. xiv.)
contains another of Mr. C. H. Firth's masterly
studies of the Cromwellian battles, that of Dunbar,
illustrated by a reproduction of a quaint con-
temporary picture-plan of the fight preserved in
the Sutherland "Clarendon" in the Bodleian
Library, but which has been neglected by previous
historians. Among the other papers, in a volume
of unusually varied interest and value, are several
studies in social history, including a careful
account of " The Decay of Villeinage in East
Anglia," by Miss F. G. Davenport; a learned
study of that obscure subject, "The Tribal
ANTIQ UARIAN NE WS.
Hidage," by Mr. W. J. Corbett; and a discussion
of much interest by Messrs. E. F. Gay and I. S.
Leadam of "The Inquisitions of Depopulation in
1517 and the 'Domesday of Inclosures.' " In
"The Oldest Monument of Russian Travel," Mr.
Raymond Beazley gives an outline of the remark-
able journey of the Archimandrite Daniel of Kiev
to the Holy Land about a.d. 1106-07. Miss
KateNorgate thoroughly investigates " The Alleged
Condemnation of King John by the Court of
France in 1202," and comes to the conclusion that
the sentence of forfeiture of all lands held by John
of the King of France, alleged to have been passed
by that Court, was not a fact, but a fiction invented
by King Philip Augustus in 1204-05. Of more
modern interest are two e.xcellent papers : ' ' The
Development of Political Parties during the Reign
of Queen Anne" the Alexandra Prize Essay for
1899 by Mr. Walter Frewen Lord ; and Mrs.
D'Arcy Collyer's "Notes on the Diplomatic Cor-
respondence between England and Russia in the
First Half of the Eighteenth Century." Finally,
the volume contains a Presidential Address by Dr.
A. W. Ward, which is a model of what such
addresses should be.
PROCEEDINGS OF ARCH^OLOGICAL
SOCIETIES.
Royal Archaeological Institute. General
meeting. May i, Mr. E. W. Brabrook, C.B., V.P.,
F.S.A., in the chair. Mr. E. Green, in the absence
of the author, read a paper by A. R. Whiteway,
Esq., M.A., on " The Pyrenean Neighbour, or the
Vicinal System in the Western Pyrenees." Mr.
Whiteway, long resident at Pau, having given
attention to and mastered the very difficult Bearnais
dialect, has followed up his advantage by a close
examination and study of the local archives, from
which he has gathered many notes on local
customs, and especially this vicinal system, hitherto
a neglected and unwritten chapter in the history
of social institutions. Reference to the voisin is
frequent in Pyrenean folk-lore, as in
Que bau mey u Besii
Qu'u cousii.
In modern French, "Voisin vaut mieux que
cousin." The voisin must be regarded in two
lights firstly, in relation to his public duties to
his neighbourhood ; and, secondly, in the closer
and more restricted sense of his private duties to
individuals. It was to this latter that the author
of the paper gave prominence, the idea of fellowship
and interdependence, which he had found so un-
doubtedly existed between voisins something
which went both in town and country much further
than the mere tenure of land. In Beam the voisin
was distinguished from the habitant and the
stranger, and formed a privileged class ; the neigh-
bour was a descriptive relationship as fully recog-
nised as was that of citizen elsewhere, the mutual
obligations being clear and far-reaching. Nothing
germane to the vicinal system is to be discovered
in the code of Alaric, which was the outcome of
the earlier Roman influence. An instance of the
application of these early customs may be found in
1289, when the men of the fishing village of Biarritz
claimed to be voisins of Bayonne, and so free from
entry duty there a contention disallowed by
Edward I. The right of voisinage was obtained
by birth, by marriage, or by sojourn for a year
and a day, provided that the proper oath were
taken to be faithful to the King and the com"-
mune, and to undertake no evil against neigh-
bours ; failing this, the claimant had to quit the
neighbourhood. Among other privileges, such as
exception almost from military service, the voisin
claimed to be tried in his own communal court
and by a jury of his peers. The position was lost
if the holder would not conform to the customs or
the opinion of the majority, when he became an
outlaw, and nearly all neighbourly acts were with-
drawn. But besides or against these privileges
there were obligations towards others. These
reciprocal duties, entirely peculiar to this district
of the Western Pyrenees, exist to the present day,
though somewhat modified by time. The obliga-
tion to be good and kind to your neighbour was
binding, but between the treatment of the stranger
and the voisin there was a great difference. As in
old time the cry of the collier was, "Here's a
stranger, Jem ; heave a brick at un," so it was also
the Pyrenean method. Love your neighbour as
yourself was the ideal of the voisin to his own class
only. The twofold duties, sometimes onerous,
sometimes advantageous, towards the body politic
and towards each other, were always clearly
defined. Thus, the nearest neighbour on the side
of the house nearest the church summoned to
weddings, at which his eldest daughter was brides-
maid and witness ; he also conducted funerals and
attended all memorial services. It is not easy to
draw fully a clear picture of this system, which was
so strong in this district in the Middle Ages. Its
survival must be due to its eminent fitness, just as
its evolution was due to the wants it so well supplied.
The whole life of the people centred round this
vicinal system, for which hitherto no name has been
found, and upon which as yet no monograph exists.
Mr. H. Longden next read a paper on cast iron,
and dealt principally with cast-iron fire-backs,
examples and photographs of which were ex-
hibited. One specimen shown bore the royal
arms of James I., 1604; another of "Richard
Lenard, founder at Bred Fournis, 1636," showed
a portrait of Richard Lenard standing in the
middle of the implements of his trade and of the
products of his foundry. A Puritan back showed
the sacrifice of Isaac, the Patriarch Jacob
blessing the sons of Joseph, Joseph being put
into the pit, and Jacob being informed of the
death of Joseph ; another showed the Rose sur-
mounted by the Crown, 1650 ; and a very fine one,
"Fairfax Counquiror, 1649," gave the general on
horseback finely modelled. A note was made of a
fire-back belonging to Mr. Edmund Tames, where
an earlier model of St. George and the Dragon
was surmounted by the legend " Cursius " and
"Nil Desperandum, 1650," was placed at the side
of the figure. It was thought that this back had a
Royalist signification in contrast to the Fairfax
igo
ANTIQUARIAN NEWS.
back. In the discussion on this paper, Mr. R. G.
Rice gave many quotations from Sussex wills, in
which the names of iron-founders were mentioned
and references made to iron grave-slabs, etc.
^- ^ ^
British Arch^colocical Association. Aptil 17.
Dr \V de Gray Birch, F.S A . in the chair.-
Mr. C. E Keyser, FS. A, gave a very interesting
exhibition of lantern slides, illustrating the Norman
tympana of English church doorways, accompanied
by an explanatory' commentary. Mr. T. Cann
Hughes, F.S. A., read a paper on "Some Recent
Discoveries at Bleasdale, Lancashire." Mr. G.
Patrick, hon. secretary, announced that the annual
congress would be held at Newcastle-on-Tyne from
July 18 to July 24, both days inclusive, under the
presidency of Thomas Hodgkin, Esq., M.A.,
D.C.L.. F S.A.
^ ^ ^
The annual meeting of the Shropshire Archae-
ological Society was held at Shrewsbury on
April 17. Lord Forester, who presided, moved
the adoption of a satisfactory report and financial
statement. The total receipts for the year amounted
to /206, and for the first time in the society's
history there is a small balance in hand after
meeting the year's exf)enses. The annual report
stated that during the past year the council had
spent a considerable sum in refencing the Roman
ruins at Wroxeter, but want of sufficient funds had
prevented the excavations being recommenced.
The Ancient Monuments Protection Act of last
year would, the council believed, have very im-
portant results. Power was given by it to County
Councils to purchase or accept any monument of
historic or architectural interest within its area,
and to make the necessary arrangements for its
preservation. Dr. J. C. Bridge, organist of Chester
Cathedral, afterwards gave an address on " Samuel
Pepys and his Music," which was illustrated by
musical selections in a quartette of "recorders,"
or ancient flutes, lent by the Cheshire Archaeological
Society.
$ ^ ^>?
At a meeting in April of the Bristol and
Gloucester ARCHitoLociCAL Society, the Rev.
W. Bazeley lectured on the recent and proposed
excavations on the site of the Cistercian Abbey of
St. Mary, Hayles. He traced the history of the
abbey from the time it was founded by Richard,
Earl of Cornwall, to the present time. Richard,
Earl of Cornwall, in returning to England, was
overtaken by a storm on nearing Land's End in
Cornwall, and promised that if he ever reached
land in safety he would erect an abbey. He did
reach land safely, and bethought him of the
beautiful Manor of Hayles, a gift to him from his
brother, the King, and he there founded the Abbey
of St. Mary's. The lecturer went on to describe
the mode of living of the monks in the Cistercian
abbeys, and gave the history of Hayles Abbey up
to between 1251 and 1261. From the middle of
the thirteenth century the time of the great civil
war between the King and the nobles practically
nothing was known of Hayles Abbey, but they
knew that in 1271 some new work was commenced,
and finished in 1277, and also that in the reign of
Henry VHL it was dissolved in common with
other monasteries because the monks refused to
acknowledge Henry VHL's supremacy over the
Pope. Between 1539 and 1540 it was demolished,
the walls were pulled down, and the lead of the
roof and the coffins was melted up in great stone
vessels, one of which was found in the abbey
itself, but a few feet from the high altar. Mr.
Bazeley then described the excavations that had
taken place. In 1899 they cleared the cloister
walks and the chapter- house, where they found
some very beautiful bosses. In iqoo they excavated
the church, and found a very beautiful apse with
five polygon chapels and the Shrine of the Holy
Blood, thus proving the surmise that the abbey
was a square-ended one to be incorrect. The
lecturer mentioned that people all thought they
were looking for the golden coffin of Richard, Earl
of Cornwall. In the presbytery they found quite
accidentally the skulls of Richard and Queen
Sanchia, with some beautiful tiles and bits of
broken sculpture. They also found the footings of
the abbey's outer walls. They hoped to be able
this year to excavate the infirmary with its hall,
kitchens, chapels, etc., and the refectories, and
they hoped with encouragement and help to be
able to go on with their discoveries in this beautiful
abbey for the sake of knowledge and posterity.
IRetJietos! anD i!3otice0
of ii3eto 15ook0.
[Publishers are requested to be so good as always to
mark clearly the prices of books sent for review, as
these notices are intended to be a prcutical aid to
book-buying readers. ]
Bermondsey : Its Historic Memories and
Associations, with a Chapter on Bermondsey
in Modern Times. By E. T. Clarke. Many
illustrations, plans, and facsimiles. London :
Elliot Stock. 1901. Large 8vo. Pp. xiv, 270.
Price I2S. 6d. net.
There is little in the modern aspect of Bermondsey
to convey to the minds of its residents any idea of
historical memories or royal . associations. Yet
Bermondsey has had its day, and has played its
part in the stately pageant of the times that are
past. The existence of the famous Abbey of
St. Saviour in its midst was the source of all its
greatness. Here came Crusaders in mediaeval
battle array to swear at its altar allegiance to their
sacred cause. Here followed kings and queens
and nobles to render solemn homage, to keep fast
or to celebrate festival, or to lay aside the trappings
of the world for the poor habit of Cluny. In his
book Mr. Clarke tells us all this and more, and
having touched lightly on the principal occur-
rences, candidly claims not to have attempted to
exhaust the interest attacliing to the place. To
this rapid flight across the centuries is undoubtedly
due the want of that adequate fulness which is
necessary to a clear understanding of statements
made. On p. 8 we are told that Bermondsey
REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS.
191
possessed a shrine, the fame of which gathered
pilgrims from all quarters,, and it is not until
p. 43 is reached that we learn that the famous
Rood of Grace was the object of their pilgrimage.
On p. 8 a twenty-nine-line quotation, and on p. 82
another of twenty-five lines, is given as from "a
writer on Henry VIII. and the English Monas-
teries," and on p. 113 following a quotation of
eight lines we are given the writer's name, Abbot
Gasquet, O.S.B., the now well-known historian.
It would be interesting to know the source whence
Nicholas Breakspear, the only English Pope, is
the priory into an abbey in the days of Richard II.,
200 marks were paid into the King's Hanaper in
Chancery, and that the election of monks was not
to be valid until the King's confirmation thereto had
been obtained. Likewise Sir Thomas Pope, having
reconveyed the estate with its appurtenances to
Sir Robert Southwell in 1546, sold the manor he
had reserved to himself to Robert Trapps, citizen
and goldsmith of London (who died in the year
1560), and to Joan his wife (who survived her
husband till 1563-64). The manor remained in
the male branch of this family until 1709, when it
NORTH GATE, BERMONDSEY ABBEY, TAKEN UOW.N IN 1805.
claimed as a Benedictine. The generally accepted
story is that, presenting himself as a candidate at
the great Abbey of St. Alban, he was refused
admission on the score of his being the son of a
married priest. The very excellent explanation
and description of monasticism is not improved
by the evident slip of the pen which labels such
reforms of the Benedictine Order as that of
Cluny as "fanaticism " which was prepared to
go farther than the monasticism which Milman
has sketched out in his History of Latin Christianity .
On p. 88 it should be added that upon the erection of
was taken by marriage to Edward Thurlande, ot
Reigate. It was purchased in 1717 by Peter
Hambley, of Streatham, who left it by will to his
son William, of Carshalton, who in his turn be-
queathed it to his only son, the Rev. Thomas
Hambley, whose widow still possessed it in 1810.
The book is admirably got-up print, paper and
illustrations leaving nothing to be desired. To the
inhabitants of Bermondsey, as well as to the
historical and antiquarian student, it will come
as a boon, the reproduction of old prints and plans
being of particular value.
192
RE k' JEWS AND NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS.
Rambles Round the Edge Hills and in the
Vale of the Red Horse. By the Rev.
George Miller. Second edition. Eight illus-
trations. London: EUwt Stock. 1900. 8vo.,
pp. viii, 232. Price 6s.
In preparing this second edition of his pleasant
book. Mr. Miller has usefully enlarged its scope.
Casting his net a little wider than before, he has
brought under notice a considerably larger area,
and has also made somewhat extensive addi-
tions to the information and anecdotes relating to
the inner circle of villages and old houses. Some
of the latter, such as Compton Wynyates, are
fairly well known, but others will be new to many
readers. Mr. Miller gives a graphic description of
the Battle of Edgehill, illustrated by three plans.
The volume may be recommended as an admirable
example of the combination of accurate antiquarian
knowledge with much old-world lore, anecdotical
and traditional, all presented in a very readable
and pleasant style. All visitors to the Edge Hill
district of beautiful Warwickshire will find Mr.
Miller's book a charming pocket companion.
*
Llanuaff Church Plate. By G. E. Halliday,
F.R.I.B.A. Fifty-nine illustrations. Ixjndon :
Bemrose and Sons, Limited. 1901. 8vo., pp. x,
106. Price i2s. 6d. net.
It is highly desirable that a descriptive and
illustrated catalogue of the church plate of every
diocese or county should be issued. Not only is
this to be wished for on antiquarian grounds, but
also to prevent the alienation or destruction of old
church plate, which has been far more commonly
done in country parishes even in the last quarter
of a century, than is usually supposed. Llandaff
diocese possessed "only a few years ago" two
examples of church plate of the reign of Edward VI.,
specimens of which are of great rarity, and in both
cases they have been melted down to make new
chalices ! Such actions are wholly illegal without
a faculty.
Mr. Halliday has done his work for the counties
of Glamorgan and Monmouth remarkably well,
and it is to be hoped that the other Welsh dioceses
will speedily follow this good example. Mr. Halli-
day starts his preface somewhat badly by writing of
"either of the four Welsh dioceses"; but there
cannot be much wrong with a volume about which
the critic can only find fault with a grammatical
slip.
The compiling of this catalogue has brought to
light a piece of pre-Reformation plate which has
hitherto been unchronicled, and has escaped the
notice of Mr. Cripps. The Llanmaes paten now in
use is much like the Nettlecombe example (1479) ;
it is either of the year 1495 or 1535, as the cycles
of Lombardic date letters are so similar at that
period. We have little or no doubt from the good
illustrations that it is of the earlier of the two
dates. This makes the twentieth pre-Reformation
paten now extant in England and Wales.
The two counties of Glamorgan and Monmouth
are exceptionally rich in various forms of the
Elizabethan chalice, mostly with the paten-cover.
Mr. Halliday describes seventy -five specimens;
the choicer and more exceptional ones are all
illustrated. At St. Mary's, Monmouth, is a magni-
ficent standing cup and cover used as a chalice ; it