like Gospel heralds of our Eevolutionary battles, coun-
sel to firm and vigorous resistance ! It was not from
the pulpit alone that the gospel ministers of the revolu-
tion plead, but by an active cooperation with the Ameri-
can cause — ^by the sword, through the press, in the street,



CLOSING APPEAL. 339

at the fireside, in all the social meetings of benevolence
and worship, and bj supporting the rights of American
citizenship and the purity of their ballot-box ! In this
connection, the Kev. Horace Galpen, with the blood of
a Revolutionary hero coursing his veins, has not been
Avanting in service to the Republic ; nor has he scrupled
to speak forth his convictions of right and duty, which
have silently ascended to enlighten and instruct the
public mind. Terse, vigorous, and pointed, he has dis-
cussed through the columns of the Neio York Crusader
for many months as its principal editorial writer, our
national peril from Jesuitism, foreignism, and political
Romanism ; and deserves the lasting gratitude of true
Americans.

My countrymen, there are regiments with thou-
sands of men, from every pursuit of life equipped
for the service of their country, and panting like
spirited steeds to go into the great battle, whom the
author of this work would deem it an honor individ-
ually to name, could the limits of these pages permit.
It is emphatically the people who have revived this
party for the people ! And the accompanying allu-
sion to the American editors of our country comes to
the American Party as the rainbow on the storm ! It
is truly the glance of the eagle, to drive effectually to
destruction all the causes which Avork our ruin. It is
our Press which awes tj^rants and tramples all crowns
to dust, but that plaited by thorns! and while it
succors liberty, our national sun will continue to
shine in the firmament of worlds forever and ever !

In all God's moral administration of this nation,



340 THE GREAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

when struggling to defend its liberties, Avoman lias been
doubly blessed wlien called to confirm firmness and in-
spire otliers by ber example. When Washington was
elected Generalissimo of the American Army, with
fourteen thousand five hundred men, but ninety barrels
of powder and thirty-six magazines in all Massachu-
setts, he called Avoman to the aid of the American cause !
And throughout that eventful, fearful epoch, she became
by her deep sacrifices, her tears, her prayers, her dan-
gers, and her self-denial, the Angel of Mercy to the suf-
fering soldier. And interwoven as our patriot-mothers
of New England, Kew York, New Jersey, Pennsylva-
nia, and the Carolinas, thus became, woman must ever
continue an inseparable link in our imperishable honor
or our national disgrace ! There appeared in the papers
of Philadelphia, in 1780, "The Sentiments of an
American Woman," attributed to the wife of Wash-
ington, which, in aid of the American cause, Avas pub^
licly read in all the churches of Virginia. And it was
the j)roud boast of the Heroes of our Liberties, that
woman's ears heard, and eyes saAV, and hearts felt, the
first and the last flash of cannon that reverberated for
our freedom. Not one at that day Avho Avas found in-
sensible to the poAver and sacredness of the American
cause, and Avho actually sympathized AA'ith the enemy,
but shared in the general obloquy and merited contempt
of their country — ^like the wife of Arnold, Avhose hus-
band Avas made a traitor, because she Avas a rebel ! It,
then, becomes Avoman's holy mission noAV to plead, in
Gospel simplicity and patriotic fervor, for our Sabbath,
our Schools, our Bible and Liberty. Upon this na-



CLOSING APPEAL. 341

tion's prosperity, patriot women, all that is dear to
you depends. Teach your children on their knees to
pray God to bless their country — unfurl our stars and
stripes until their young souls thrill before it ! Make
the Declaration of Independence and the history of the
country and its great Constitation, as familiar at the fire-
side as the alphabet or the multiplication table. Show
yourselves openly, everywhere, the opponents of every
Bible-hater, and opposed to every species of religious
bigotry and besotted intolerance ; and, with one united
heart, go into the great American Battle, to aid our pa-
triot brothers in this, the second and greatest struggle
that has ever been fought upon the soil of freedom.

And if, in the providence of God, by this presenta-
tion of solemn and well-authenticated facts, a holier
enthusiasm shall have been given for the Union of
these States and the preservation of America, the author
will not only feel it an earnest of His blessing on the
subject so dear to her own soul, but a grateful con-
sciousness that she has not lived in vain. And now,
my countrymen —

" Strike— till the last arm'd foe expires ;
Strike for your altars and your fires ;
Strike for the green graves of your sires,
God, and your native land !"



CHAPTER XXII.

THE ISSUE NOW BEFORE US.

" Pride in tlie gift of country and of namo

Speaks in your eye and step

Te tread your native land !

Land where ye learned to lisp a mother's name

The first beloved in life, the last forgot;

Land of your frolic youth,

Land of your bridal eve 1"

" In honorable life her fields they trod,
In honorable death they sleep below;
Their son's proud feeling hare
Their noblest monuments !"

Americans, we have not, like Moses, mere]}- sur-
veyed bat have actually entered and enjoy our pro-
mised land.

It is time to abandon prevarication, shuffling, and
disguise, and show that the stroke which cuts us from
foreign influence is neither cruel nor unnatural !

This opening country is exi3anding and brightening
in delightful progress ; all that is dark and grotesque
must retire. Americans will assert, maintain, and de-
fend an unchallenged monopoly against the world !

By the last census, 1850, there were upward of
eight millions of people in this Union devoid of
Anglo-American blood ! When our Independence was
declared, there were not three hundred thousand of
three millions who were not born upon the soil, whilst
twelve of the thirteen colonies were settled chiefly by
the Anglo-Saxon.



THE ISSUE NOW BEFORE US. 343

The friglitful increase of tliis immigrant population be-
gan in 1837 and 1840, when the first movement of the
native American organizations originated ; but not un-
til 1846 had the Irish and German rush to our shores
become a startling and terrible calamity.

At least four-fifths of these aliens are driven to o iir
shores by the pe -secution of Papal despots, whose pro-
pensity to browse in American pastures is made deli-
cious by their starving, loathsome condition in their
native lands. Bishop Hughes states that the average
amount of money they bring is fifteen dollars ! By
the report of the British Immigration Commissioner,
in May, '55, these immigrants had remitted to Europe,
through bankers and merchants alone, $28,948,800 in
five years, beside large amounts by various private
sources. This was one million of dollars over and
above what their pious Archbishop asserts they had
upon landing upon our soil. From whence was this
money obtained but from Americans? Who main-
tains these paupers but Americans ? Who feeds and
educates their children but Americans ? And j^et
native political Jesuits impudently assert that this scunl-
of European masses enliances our wealth and confers
upon us advantages which demand our gratitude !

Judge, my countrymen, for yourselves. One-third
of the population of the State of California to-day are
aliens — nationalities almost as numerous as the dialects
of Babel. Utah, too, whose rapidly increasing foreign
population is no longer a wonder, when we find these
Mormons organized over Euroj)e to make converts to
their faith, and with systems for seducing and pro-



S44 THE GJIKAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

selyting, imitating the Jesuits, they introduce inha-
bitants who own no sworn allegiance to our Go-
vernment! More than thirteen hundred of these
immigrated to Salt Lake City, during last year, from
Great Britain.

We have shown that, at least, half a million of
foreigners come annually to Ameri ,an shores, and
more than one-half of this increase is poured into the
largest and most flourishing of our American cities.

The census of 1850 informs us that sixty-eight thou-
sand five hundred and thirty-eight foreign paupers
were then a tax upon the people, and supported at
their expense — more than half of all paupers in the
entire country. Thus while one in every thirty-three
foreigners was then a beggar, only one in every
three hundred Americans shared the degradation of
being maintained by public charity.

In the hospitals and lunatic asylums of the various
cities, two-thirds are found in all cases to be foreign-
ers by the annual reports of the of&cers in charge.

In New York City, for illustration, 42,869 paupers,
2,381 lunatics, and 22,229 criminals fix their dark
stains on that city's statistics. Can Americans, will
Americans be longer pressed by the deadly fangs
of worn-out Europe, clinched into and drawing out
all the strength and bloom of American industry
and virtuous incentives? While we are uppermost,
in God's name let us keep this evil down by removing
it to its original and proper place. Shall the beauty
of this new world that God has given us be marred by
the criminals which are thrust all around us?



THE ISSUE NOW BEFORE US. 846

The American colonies protected themselves by law
from these foreign paupers and criminals at their
earliest formation.

In Yirginia they had a capitation tax on Irish ser-
vants who immigrated to that colony. In Pennsylva-
nia it was placed on criminals.

After our Eevolution, Massachusetts prohibited
refugees to return, and Congress sanctioned this action
by the States ; and after our present Constitution had
been but three days adopted, a resolution was unani-
mously passed by that Congress, " recommending the
several States to enact laws to prevent the transportation
of convicted malefactors from foreign countries into
the United States." And, by that authority, Virginia,
South Carolina, Georgia, New York, Massachusetts
and Pennsylvania did so, and with the most rigid and
heavy penal exactions, between 1788 and '91. When
the agitation was felt upon the evil, in 1836, an effort
was made by the municipalities to guard ' against it in
New York, Baltimore, Boston, and New Orleans.

The Legislature of Boston directed her Senators
and Members of Congress to interpose for suppressing
these immigrants ; but a resolution of ' inquiry to
ascertain facts, through the Custom Houses, was all
the result of that attempt.

In 1837, the Mayor of Baltimore detached a ship-
load of two hundred and sixty persons, at Fort
McHenry, who, as criminals, were brought into port
in irons, and so remained until the day before they
were to be loosed upon American soil.

The Mayor applied to the Administration at Wash,
ington, Martin Yan Buren chief ruler, and being



346 THE GREAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

apprised tliat there was no power to prevent tlieir
approach, tliese miserable wretches made tlieir foot-
prints upon onr land, and, doubtless, voted for that
loco foco democracy the very next election !

The violation of the quarantine laws by this time
had been so shocking and wanton, that the Mayor
(Clark) of New York addressed a message to the
Common Council to provide a mounted police for the
city, day and night, to protect American operatives, to
arrest riotous parades and conspiracies against the
peace and quiet of American citizens.

A resolution at this time was again submitted to
Congress by Mr. Kussell, of New York, of inquiry
into our national grievance. Two bills were reported
by a select committee, July 2d, 1838, to revise the
Naturalization Laws, when a Mr. Beatty, a naturalized
citizen of Pennsylvania, interposed objection, and by
stratagem, and tergiversation, and political selfishness,
the efibrt was abortive.

Evidence of this increasing invasion upon American
nationality and defiant disregard for the will of the
American people, was furnished from month to month,
while our consuls abroad lost no time in bringing the
appaling truths under their own eyes before their
Government.

But pohticians, who were feeling the foreign vote
more and more important to their future elevation,
continued under this moral torpor, in spite of facts,
when the Hon. Hamilton Fish, of New York, in the
House of Eepresentatives, again succeeded, in the ses-
sion of 1844 and '5, in presenting the subject to the
deliberation of Congress, so far as to have the Com-



THE ISSUE NOW BEFOEE US. 347

mittee on tlie Judiciary report whether any necessity
existed for further legislation to prevent paupers and
criminals from coming among us. But this caused but
a laugh at the stupid credulity of the American peo-
ple, whose voice for years in this matter has been
no more regarded by the National Legislature than the
petty sovereign of that insignificant North American
tribe, who walks out of liis hovel to salute the sun and
direct his daily coui-se.

In addition to all the information imparted by our
ministers, consuls and charges abroad, proving the con-
ceited action of Ireland and Germany in particular, to
thrust their criminals and beggars among us, we find
President Pierce, who feels himself another Xerxes,
fettering American citizens with stripes as he did the
sea; and issuing his commands as from another Mount
Athos, to let foreign criminals and paupers alone, give
them office, lands, ballot-box, and more than the Ame-
rican born will even claim, to secure but his success in
the Nominating Convention for another Presidential
term!

In a letter recently published from our Consul at
Bremen to the State Department at Washington, we
have the explicit declaration that circulars are dis-
tributed in the interior of Germany by the immigra-
tion agents, directing the maimed, deformecL or crip-
pled not to take passage to New York, biS to Bal-
timore, New Orleans, or Quebec, where no laws exist
to prohibit their landing.

After the Constitution Avas adopted, the power be-
longing to the States to naturalize was surrendered to
tlie General Government.



348 THE GREAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

While the American Reyolution Ayas progressing,
our Continental Congress forhacle any but^the native
sons to be emplojed in the foreign service of the
country.

The committee, consisting of Jefferson, Gerry, Read,
Sherman, and Williams, reported :

Resolved, That it is inconsistent with the interests of the United
States to appoint any person, not a natural horn citizen thereof, to
the office of minister, charge d'affaires, consul, vice-consul, or to
any other civil department in a foreign country, and that a copy of
this resolve be transmitted to Messrs. Adams, Franklin, and Jay
ministers of the said States, in Europe.

And Washington says :

You are not to enlist any deserter from the ministerial army, or
any stroller, negro, or vagabond, or person suspected of being an
enemy to the liberty of America, nor any under eighteen years of
age.

You are not to enlist any person who is not an American born,
unless such person has a wile and family, and is a settled resident in
this country.

The persons you enlist must be provided with good and complete
arms.

G^iven at the Head-Quarters, at Cambridge, this 10th day of
July, 1775.

HOUATIO GATES, Adj. Gen.

Extracts from the original Orderly Book^ left hy the late
Qen'. Hand^ who ivas the Adjutant General of the
American Army^ at the close of the Revolution.

Cambridge Head-Quarters, July 7, 1775.
By his Excellency George Washington.
General Orders :

Parole, Dorchester ; Countersign, Exeter.
The General has great reason, and is displeased with the negli-
gence and inattention of those officers who have placed as sentries,



THE ISSUE XOVv' liEFORE US. 349

at llie outpost, men with whose characters they are unacquainted.
He, therefore, orders that, for the future, no man shall be appointed
to those stations who is not A NATFV^E of this country ; this or-
der is to be considered a standing one, and the officers are to pay
o;::edlence to it at their peril.

FOX, Adjt.-G^neral of the day.

Head-Quarters, Valley Forge, March 17, 1778.
Genee.^l Orders :

One hundr*.^ chosen men are to be annexed to the guard of the
Conunander-in-Ohief, for the purpose of forming a corps, to be in-
structed in the Lianceuvres necessary to be introduced into the
army, and serve as uodels for the execution of them. As the Gene-
ral's guard is composed of Virginians, the hundred drafts will be
taken from the troops of the other States.

Description of the men : Height, from 5 feet 8 to 5 feet 10
inches ; age, from 20 to 30 years ; robust constitutions, well-limbed
and formed for activity, and men of established character for
sobriety and fidelity. THEY MUST BE AMERICANS BORN.

And lie furtlier writes :

Morristou'n, May 7, 1777.
To RicJiard Henry Lee :

Dear Sir — I take the liberty to ask you what Congress expects
I am to do with the many foreigners that have at different times
been promoted to the rank of field officers, and by their last resolve,
two to that of Colonels ? These men have no attachment for the
country further than interest binds them. Our officers think it ex_
ceedingly hard, after they have toiled in the service, and have sus_
tained many losses, to have strangers put over them, whose merit,
perhaps is not equal to their own, but whose effrontery will take no
denial. It is by the zeal and activity of our own people -that the
cause must be supported, and not by the few hungry adventurers.
I am, &c., GEORGE WASHINGTON.

MiddlebanJc, June 1, 1777.
To the same :— You will, before this can reach you, have seen
Monsieur Decoudray ; what his real expectations are I know not ;



850 THE GEEAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

but I fear if liis appointment is equal to what I have been told is
his expectation, it will be attended with unhappy consequences, to
say nothing of the policy of entrusting a department, on the exe-
cution of which the salvation of the army depends, to a foreigner,
who has no other tie to bind him to the interest of the country
than honor. I would beg leave to observe, that by putting Mr. I),
at the head of the artillery, you will lose a very valuable officer in
General Knox, who is a man of great military reading, sound judg-
ment, and clever conceptions, and who will resign if any one is put
over him.

I am, &c., GEORGE WASHINGTON.

White Plaim, July 24, 1778.
To Governor Morris, Esq. :

Dear Sir : The design of this is to touch cursorily upon a sub-
ject of very great importance to the being of these States ; much
more so than will appear at first view — I mean the appointment of
so many foreigners to offices of high rank and trust in our service.

The lavish manner in which rank has hitherto been bestowed on
these gentlemen will certainly be productive of one or the other of
these two evils, either to make us despicable in the eyes of Europe
or become a means of pouring them in upon us like a torrent, and
adding to our present burden.

But it is neither the expense nor the trouble of them I most
dread ; there is an evil more extensive in its nature and fatal in its
consequence to be apprehended, and that is, the driving of all our
officers out of the service, and throwing not only our own army
but our military councils entirely into the hands of foreigners.

The officers, my dear sir, on whom you must depend for the de-
fence of the cause, distinguished by length of service and military
merit, will not submit much, if any longer, to the unnatural promo-
tion of men over them who have nothing more than a little plausi^
bility, unbounded pride and ambition, and a perseverance in the ap-
plication to support their pretensions, not to be resisted but by
uncommon firmness ; men who, in the first instance, say they wish
for nothing more than the honor of serving so glorious a cause as
volunteers, the next day solicit rank without pay ; the day follow-



THE ISSUE NOW BEFORE US. 351

ing want money advanced to them ; and, in tlie course of a week,
want further promotion. The expediency and policy of the meas-
ure remain to be considered, and whether it is consistent with jus-
tice or prudence to promote these military fortune-hunters at the
hazard of our army.

Baron Steuben, I now find, is also wanting to quit his inspector-
ship for a command in the line. This will be productive of much
discontent. In a word, although I think the Baron an excellent
officer, I do most devoutly wish that we had not a single foreigner
amongst us, except the Marquis de Lafayette, who acts upon very
different principles from those which govern the rest. Adieu.
I am most sincerely yours,

GEOBGE WASHINGTON.

To Col. Spotswood he also wrote :

You will, therefore, send me none but natives, and men of some
property, if you have them. I must insist that in making this
choice you give no intimation of ray preference for natives, as I do
not want to create any invidious distinction between them and the
foreigners.

The same policy ^Yas found essential in onr recent
■\var with Mexico. Placards were found in all the
cities requiring only the native sons of America to
enlist for our battles ; because Greneral Taylor found it
impossible to prevent the foreigners from deserting, as
O'Rielly's regiment had done. And why not ? N"o
nationahty was staked for them.

The debates in the Congress which adopted our pre-
sent glorious system of government, prove, from the
language of its most distinguished framers, that our
fathers never did, and never would have given, the
foreigner the rights which exclusively enure to the
American born. In a subsequent Congress, and be-
fore the death of our Washington, General Harper, of



852 THE GIJEAT AMERICAN BATTLE.

Maryland, who was a member of tlie Convention
wliicli formed tlie Constitution, moved tliat " provision
be made by law to prevent any person from becoming
a citizen of the United States, except by birth," as he
was convinced, even at that day, it was our essential
policy that no foreigner should be allowed to par-
ticipate in our Government.

Says Mr. Jeiferson, in his annual Presidential Mes-
sage :

A very early recommendation had been given to the Postmaster-
General to employ no foreigner or revolutionary tory in any of his

offices.

Here, Americans, is Bishop Hughes's advice to Irish-
men :

Irishmen learn in America to bide their time ; year by year, the
United States and England touch each other more and more nearly
on the seas. Year by year the Irish are becoming more and more
powerful in America. At length the propitious time will come —
some accidental, sudden collision, and a Presidential campaign at
hand. We will use then the very profligacy of our politicians for our
'purposes. They will want to buy the Irish vote, and we will tell
them how they can buy it in a lump from Maine to California, by
declaring war on Great Britain, and wiping off at the same time
the stains of concession and dishonor, that our Websters, and men
of his kind, have permitted to be heaped upon the American flag by
the violence of British agents.

Here John Mitchel's from the Irish journals of New
York :

For every musket given into the State Armory, let three be pur-
chased forthwith ; let independent companies be formed, thrice as
numerous as the disbanded corps — there are no Arms Acts here
yet —and let every '* foreigner" be drilled and trained, and have his



THE ISSUE NOW BEFOEE US. 353

arms always ready. For you may be sure [having some experience
in the matter] that those who begin by disarming you, mean to do
you mischief.

Be careful not to truckle in the smallest particular to American
prejudices. Yield not a single jot of your own, for you have
as good a right to your prejudices as they. Do not, by any means,
saiier Gardner's Bible [the Protestant Bible] to be thrust down
your throats. Do not abandon your posts or renounce your func-
tions as citizens or as soldiers, but ever resort to the last and high-
est tribunal of law open to you ; keep the peace, attempt no " dem-
onstrations ;" discourage drunkenness, and stand to your arms.

It is to be conceived that the madness of faction and the inso-
lence of race will proceed to such a length as to disarm independent
companies or private men. If they do, then the Constitution is at
an end — the allegiance you have su-orn to this Republic is annulled !