THK JOURNAL
OF THE
33nti5lj
ESTABLISHED 1843,
ENCOURAGEMENT AND PROSECUTION OF RESEARCHES
INTO THE ARTS AND MONUMENTS OF THE
EARLY AND MIDDLE AGES.
NEW SERIES, VOL. IL— 1896.
lonnou :
FEINTED FOR THE ASSOCIATION.
^
MDCCCXCVI.
LONDON :
BEDFORD PRESS, 20 AND 21, BEDFOIIDBURY, VT.C.
CONTENTS.
Preface ......
PAGE
VII
Prospectus ......
Rules of the Association ....
iii
List of Congresses ....
vii
Officers and Council for the Session 1S95-G
ix
List of Associates .....
X
Local Members of Council ....
xix
Honorary Correspondents ....
XX
Honorary Foreign Members ....
xxi
List of Societies exchanging Publications
xxii
1. Notes on North Staffordsliire. By W. S. Brough, Esq. . 1
2. The Folklore of Staffordshire. By Miss C. S. Burne . 24
3. Notes on an Ancient Celtic Bell. By Richard Quick, Esq. .34
4. Caister Castle and Sir .John Fastolfe, K.G. By C. R. B.
Barrktt, Esq., M.A. . . .37
0. Notes on Croxden Abbey. By C. H. Compton, Esq. . 48
6. Chartley Earthworks and Castle. By Alex. Scrivener, Esq. 53
7. The Isle of Purbeck and its Marble. By Rev. J. Cave-
Browne, M.A. . . . .60
8. Notes on Some Ancient Stone Forts in Carnarvonshire. By
Lady Pahet . . . .97
0. On the Doliuni and Doliolum. By H. Syer Cuming, Esq.,
F.S.A Scot.,Y.P. . .112
10. Notes on Winchester House, Soutliwark. By C Patrick,
Esq., A.R.LB.A. . . . . . .117
11. Chesterton. By Rev. T. W. Daltry, M.A. . . .121
12. Red Castlo, Shropshire. By W. Phillips, Esq., F.L.S. . 12G
IV CONTENTS.
PAGE
13. St. Chad and the Conversion of the Midlands. By Rev. W.
S. Lach-Szyrma, M.A. . . . . .130
14. The Chapel of Lede or Lead, in the Parish of Ryther-cum-
Ozendyke, Yorks. By C. R. B. Barrett, Esq., M.A. . 136
15. Notes on the Parish Registers of Newbury. By Walter
MOxXEY, Esq., F.S.A. . . . . .157
16. Some Hitherto Little-Noticed Earthworks in Britain. By
Dr. Phene, F.S.A. . . . . .184
17. Some Rock-Cuttings in Northumberland. By Miss Russell 206
18. Recent Excavations in Awatobi and Sikyatki. By Dr. A. C
Fryer ......
19. Ancient Methods of Tillage. By T. Blashill, Esq.
20. Notes of Heleigh Castle. By Rev. Thomas W. Daltry, M.A
21. Borough Seals and Civic Maces. By J. W. Tonks, Esq.
22. Some New Contributions toward the History of the
Benedictine Abbey of Burton-on-Trent, co. Staflbrd
By W. DE Gray Birch, Esq., LL.D., F.S.A.
23. The Guild of Fellowship of the Clothworkers of Newbury
By Walter Money, F.S.A.
24. Notes on English Romanesque Architecture. By J. Park
Harrison, Esq., M.A. .
25. Man's Advent in America. By Dr. A. C. Fryer
26. Christian Emblems found at Trier. By Dr. A. C. Fryer
27. The Fraternity of Corpus Christi, Maidstone. By Rev. J
Cave-Browne, M.A.
215
218
224
231
245
261
268
273
276
283
Proceedings of the Annual Congress at Stoke-on-Trent, 1895 . 70-86
Proceedings of the Association .... 87, 144, 289
Election of Associates . . 87, 89, 91, 92, 144, 148, 289, 292
Presents to the Library 87, 88, 89, 92, 144, 148, 149, 289, 290, 292, 293
Annual General Meeting . . . . . .145
Hon. Secretaries' Report .
Balance Sheet for the year ending 31 Dec. 1895
Hon. Treasurer's Report
Election of Officers for the Session 1896-7
Obituary : Mr. A. S. Caniiam
145
146
147
147
294
CONTENTS. V
PAOE
Antiquarian Intelligence : —
The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland. D. IVIacGibbon
and T. Ross . . " . . . .93
Prehistoric Man in Ayrshire. J. Smith . . .94
Perambulation of the Forest of Dartmoor. S. Rowe, M.A. . 95
Nooks and Corners of Pembrokeshire. H. T. Tinimins,
F.R.G.S. ...... 95
The Life and Legend of St. Vedast. G. S. Simpson and Rev.
W. S. Simpson, D.D., F.S.A. . . . .151
A Historic Table : possibly Queen Mary Stuart's Altar . 151
The Vanishing Signs of London. J. H. MacMichael . 153
A BrieJ History, tvith numeron,s Illustrations, of the Church
and Parish of G'osberton, Lincolnshire. W. J. Kaye,
F.S.A.Scot. . . . . . .154
The History of Alton, Co. Southamjyton. W. Curtis, M.R.C.S.,
L.S.A. . . . . . . .154
English Illuminated Manuscripts. SirE. Maunde Thompson,
K.C.B., D.C.L., F.S.A. . . . . .155
Tewkesbury Abbey . . . . . .155
Sutton-in-Holderness. T. Blashill, F.R.I.B.A. . . 228
Some Resemblances bettmen the Primitive Divellings in
America and those Btiilt by the Celtic Picts. Lady Paget 229
The Gentleman's Magazine Library. G. L. Gorame, F.S.A. . 229
Archceological Survey of the United Kingdom. D. Murray,
LL.D., F.S.A. . . . . . .230
The Scottish Antiquary, or Northern Notes and Queries.
J. H. Stevenson, M.A., F.S.A.Scot. . . .230
Ancient Glass, formerly at the Vicarage of Ashton Keynes,
Wilts . . . . . . .294
Hereward : the Saxon Patriot. A History of his Life and
Character, with a Record of his Ancestors and De-
scendants. Lieut.-Gen. Harward . . . 296
Choir Stalls and their Carvings ; Examples of Misericords
from English Cathedrals and Churches. Emma Phipson 29G
A History of Nottinghamshire. Cornelius Brown . . 298
The Ancient Crosses at Gosforth, Cumberland. C. A. Parker,
F.S.A.Scot. ...... 298
The Swansea and Nantgario Porcelain Works. W. Turner 299
Gleanings from the Natu,ral History of the Ancients. Rev.
M. G. Watkixs ..... 299
Malvern Priory Ch^irch ; its Ancient Stained Glass, Tombs,
Pavements, and other Antiquities. James Nott . 299
Index ........ 300
VI
CONTENTS.
LIST OF ILLUSTEATIONS.
1. The Hobby-Horse at Abbots' Bromley
2. The Horn-Dance at Abbots' Bromley
3. Ancient Celtic Bell
4. Caister Castle
5. Carving over a window at Caister
6. Plan of Caister, 1842
7. The Barge House, Caister
8. The Court-yard, Caister . ,
9. Caister Castle, 1893 .
10. From the Turret Window, Caister
11. Chartley Castle, Plan .
12. Consecration Cross, Chedzoy Church, Somerset
13. Pen-y-Gaer. — Gate on North-West Side
14. Pen-y-Gaer. — Gate on South- West Side
15. Pen-y-Gaer. — Defences South- West Side
16. Trer Ceiri.— Exterior of Sally-Port .
17. Dolium of Diogenes .
18. Doliolum found in London
19. Roman Camp, Chesterton
20. Hawkestone.— The Eed Castle
21. Lede Chapel, Yorkshire. — Exterior View
22. Lede Chapel, Yorkshire. — Interior View
23. A Historic Table : possibly Queen Mary Stuart's Altar
24. Northumberland Rock Cuttings.— Rubbing of Rock taken
August 1888 .
2.5. Ditto ......
26. Ditto ......
27. Tillage in England : Selions with Grass Balks
28. Screen in Sutton Church, Holderness
29. Mediaeval Spinning Wheels .
30. The Old Cloth-Hall, Newbury
31. The Holy Sepulchre ....
32. Early Architectural Details, c. a.d. 1000
33. Christian Emblems at Trier, Plate I .
34. Ditto, Plate II ... .
35. Noah's Ark on a Stone Sarcophagus .
36. Corpus Christi Refectory, Maidstone
37. Egyptian Terra-Cotta Statuettes
38. Ancient Glass, formerly at the Vicarage of Ashton Keynes,
Wilts. .......
PAGE
29
ib.
34
37
ib.
38
39
40
41
43
53
90
101
102
103
108
114
115
122
128
137
138
152
208
209
214
219
228
ib.
265
271
272
276
280
ib.
284
293
295
PREFACE.
The Second Volume of the New Series of the
Journal of the British Arch^ological Association
for the year 1896 contains twenty-seven of the principal
Papers which were laid before the Congress at Stoke-
upon-Trent in the summer of 1895, or during the evening
meetings of the Session 1894-5 in London, as well as a
record of the Proceedings of the Congress and evening
meetings. The Volume has, as usual, been illustrated
with many plates, which have been contributed by the
liberality of the authors of the Papers to which they
relate, and by this means the Association has been
enabled to give a more pictorial appearance to tlie
present Volume than would otherwise have been pos-
sible.
The contents will be found, as is generally the
case, very miscellaneous ; but the absence of any very
important or unusual archaeological discovery which has
characterised the past three years will be still observable
in this.
VIII PREFACE.
But if we have no remarkably new facts to record,
nevertheless we are spared the need of recording any
further great losses of members, which was so marked a
feature in our last year's life. On the other hand, our
recent Congress in London and the Home Counties,
which has produced a valuable collection of Papers to be
embodied in the new Volume for 1897, has also brought
us many adhesions of new members to recruit the loss
of old supporters. It is to the succession of new names
that we must look, if the Association is to be perennial,
for material aid to empower us to continue indefinitely
the cherishing of the divine flame of knowledge which
has brought us together in the first instance, and pre-
served our integrity for upwards of half a century.
W. DE Gray Birch.
31 December 1896.
1896.
fdiiMl Slrrjiiifoliigirnl iGiuirinfiDii.
The British Arcii;eological Association was founded in 1843, to in-
vestigate, preserve, and illustrate all ancient monuments of the history,
manners, customs, and arts of our forefathers, in furtherance of the
principles on which the Society of Antiquaries of London was esta-
blished ; and to aid the objects of that Institution by rendering- avail-
able resources which had not been drawn upon, and which, indeed,
did not come within the scope of any antiquarian or literary society.
The means bj' which the Association proposed to effect this object are :
1. By holding communication with Correspondents throughout the
kingdom, and with provincial Antiquarian Societies, as well as ])y
intercourse with similar Associations in foreign countries.
2. By holding frequent and regular Meetings for the consideration
and discussion of communications made by the Associates, or received
from Correspondents.
3. By promoting careful observation and preservation of antiquities
discovered in the progress of public works, such as railways, sewers,
foundations of buildings, etc.
4. By encouraging individuals or associations in making researches
and excavations, and affording them suggestions and co-operation.
5. By opposing and preventing, as far as may be practicable, all
injuries with which Ancient National Monuments of every description
maj" from time to time be threatened.
6. By using ever}' endeavour to spread abroad a correct taste for
Archaeology, and a just appreciation of Monuments of Ancient Art, so
as ultimately to secure a general interest in their preservation.
7. By collecting accurate drawings, plans, and descriptions of
Ancient National Monuments, and, by means of Correspondents, pre-
serving authentic memorials of all antiquities not later than 1750,
which may from time to time be brought to light.
8. By est^ablishing a Journal devoted exclusively to the objects of
the Association, as a means of spreading antiquarian information and
maintaining a constant communication with all persons interested in
such pursuits.
9. By holding Annual Congresses in different parts of the country,
to examine into their special antiquities, to promote an interest in
them, and thereby conduce to their preservation.
Thirteen public Meetings are held from November to June, on the
Wednesdays given on the next page, during the session, at eight
o'clock in the evening, for the reading and discussion of papers, and for
the inspection of all objects of antiquity forwarded to the C'ouncil. To
these greetings Associates have the privilege of introducing fi-iends.
Persons desirous of becoming Associates, or of promoting in any way
the objects of the Association, are requested to apply either personally
or by letter to the Secretaries ; or to the Sub-Treasurer, Samuel
Rayson, Esq., 32 Sackville Street, "W., to whom subscriptions, by Post
Office Order or otherwise, crossed " Bank of England, W. Branch",
should be transmitted.
1896 a
11
The payment of One Gftinea annually is required of the Associates,
or Fifteen Guineas as a Life Subscription, by which the Subscribers
are entitled to a copy of the quarterly Journal as published, and per-
mitted to acquire the publications of the Association at a reduced
price.
Associates are required to pay an entrance fee of One Guinea, except
when the intending Associate is already a member of the Society of
Antiquaries, of the Royal Archaeological Institute, or of the Society of
Biblical ArchiBology, in which case the entrauce-fee is remitted. The
annual payments are due in advance.
Papers read before the Association should be transmitted to
the Mifor of the Association, 82, Sackville Street; if they are
accepted by the Council they will be printed in the volumes of the
Journal, and they will be considered to be the property of the Asso-
ciation. Every author is responsible for the statements contained
in his paper. The published Journals may be had of the Treasurer and
other officers of the Association at the following prices : — Vol. I, out
of print. The other volumes, £1 : 1 each to Associates ; £1 : 11 : 6 to
the public, with the exception of certain volumes in excess of stock,
which may be had by members at a reduced price on application to
the Honorary Secretaries. The special volumes of Transactions of
the Congresses held at Winchester and at Gloucester are charged to
the public, £1 : 11 : ; to the Associates, £1:1.
In addition to the Journal, published every quarter, it has been
found necessary to publish occasionally another work entitled Collec-
tanea Arcli analog ica. It embraces papers whose length is too great
for a periodical journal, and such as require more extensive illus-
tration than can be given in an octavo form. It is, therefore, put
forth in quarto, uniform with the ArcTtceologia of the Society of Anti-
quaries, and sold to the public at 7s. 6d. each Part, but may be had by
the Associates at 5s. (See coloured xorairper of the q^Mrterly Parts.)
An Index for the first thirty volumes of the Journal has been
prepared by Walter de Gray Birch, Esq., F.S.A., Honorary Secretary.
Present price to Associates, 5s. ; to the public, 7s. 6d. Another
Index, to volumes xxxi-xlii, the Collectanea Archceologica, and the two
extra vols, for the Winchester and Gloucester Congresses, also now
ready (uniform). Price to Associates, 10s. M. ; to the public, 15.?.
Public Meetings held on Wednesday evenings, at No. 32, Sackville
Street, Piccadilly, at 8 o'clock precisely.
The Meetings for Session 1895-96 are as follows :— 1895, Nov. 6,
20; Dec. 4. 1896, Jan. 15; Feb. 5, 19; March 4, 18; April 1, 15;
May 6 (Annual General Meeting), 20; June o.
Visitors will be admitted by order from Associates; or by writing
their names .and those of the members by whom they are inti'oduced.
The Council Meetings are held at Sackville Street on the same day as
the Public Meetings, at half-past 4 o'clock precisely.
Ill
RULES OF THE ASSOCIATION.
The British Archaeological Association shall consist of Patrons,
Associates, Local Members of Council, Honorary Correspondents,
and Honorary Foreign IMeinbers.
1. The Patrons, — a class confined to members of the royal
family or other illustrious persons.
2. The Associates shall consist of ladies or gentlemen elected
by the Council, and who, upon the payment of one guinea
entrance fee (except when the intending Associate is
already a Member of the Society of Antiquaries of London,
of the Eoyal Arclueological Institute, or of the Society of
Biblical ArchiTeology), and a sum of not less than one guinea
annually, or fifteen guineas as a life-subscription, shall be-
come entitled to receive a copy of the quarterly Journal
published by the Association, to attend all meetings, vote in
the election of Otticers and Council, and admit one visitor
to each of the ordinary meetings of the Association.
o. The Local Members of Council shall consist of such of the
Associates elected from time to time by the Council, on the
nomination of two of its members, who shall promote the
views and objects of the Association in their various local-
ities, and report tlie discovery of antiquarian objects to the
Council. There shall be no limit to their number, but in
their election the Council shall have regard to the extent
and importance of the various localities which they will
represent. The Local Members shall be entitled to attend
the meetings of the Council, to advise them, and report on
matters of arclKeological interest wliich have come to their
notice; but they shall not take part in the general business
of the Council, or be entitled to vote on any subject.
4. The Honorary Correspondents, — a class embracing all inte-
rested in the investigation and preservation of antiquities ;
to be qualified for election on the recommendation of the
President or Patron, or of two Members of the Council, or
of four Associates.
5. The Honorary Foreign Members shall be confined to illus-
trious or learned foreigners who may have distinguished
themselves in antiquarian pursuits.
a2
IV
ADMINISTKATION.
To conduct the affairs of the Association there shall be annually
elected a President, fifteen Vice-Presidents, a Treasurer, Sub-
Treasurer, two Honorary Secretaries, and eighteen other Asso-
ciates, all of whom shall constitute the Council, and two Auditors
without seats in the Council.
The past Presidents shall be ex officio Vice-Presidents for life,
with the same stahis and privileges as the elected Vice-Presidents,
and take precedence in the order of service.
ELECTION OF OFFICEKS AND COUNCIL.
1. The President, Vice-Presidents, members of Council, and
Officers, shall be elected at the Annual General IMeeting, to be held
on the first Wednesday in May in each year. Such election shall
be conducted by ballot, which shall continue open during at least
one hour. A majority of votes shall determine the election.
Every Associate balloting shall deliver his name to the Chairman,
and afterwards put his list, filled up, into the balloting box. The
presiding officer shall nominate two Scrutators, who, with one or
more of the Secretaries, shall examine the lists and report thereon
to the General Meeting.
2. If any member of the Council, elected at tlie Annual General
Meeting, shall not have attended three meetings of the Council,
at least, during the current session, the Council sliall, at their
meeting held next before the Annual Meeting, by a majority of
votes of the members present, recommend whether it is desirable
that such member shall be eligible for re-election or not, and
such recommendation shall be submitted to tlie Annual Meeting
on the ballot papers.
CHAIRMAN OF MEETINGS.
1. The President, when present, shall take the chair at all meet-
ings of the Association. He shall regulate the discussions and
enforce the laws of the Association.
2. In the absence of the President, the chair shall be taken by
the Treasurer, or by the senior or only Vice-President present,
and willing to preside ; or in default, by the senior elected
Member of Council or some officer present.
3. The Chairman shall, in addition to his own vote, have a cast-
ing vote when the suffrages are equal.
THE TREASURER.
The Treasurer shall hold the finances of the Association, dis-
charge all debts previously presented to and approved of by the
Council, and shall make up his accounts to the 31st of Decenibey
in each year, and having had his accounts audited he shall lay
them before the Annual ISIeeting. Two-thirds of the life-subscrip-
tions received by liiui shall be invested in such security as the
Council may approve.
THE SECRETAKIES.
The Secretaries shall attend all meetings of the Association,
transmit notices to the Members, and read the letters and papers
communicated to the Association. The notices of meetings of the
Council shall state the business to be transacted, including the
names of any candidates for the office of Vice-President or Mem-
bers of Council, but not the names of proposed Associates or Hono-
rary Correspondents.
THE COUNCIL,
1. The Council shall superintend and regulate the proceedings
of the Association, and elect the Associates ; whose names, when
elected, are to be read over at the ordinary meetings.
2. The Council shall meet on the days on which the ordinary
meetings of the Association are held, or as often as the business of
the Association shall require, and five members shall be a quorum.
3. An extraordinary meeting of the Council may be held at any
time by order of the President, or by a requisition signed by five
of its members, stating the purpose thereof, addressed to the
Secretaries, who shall issue notices of such meeting to every
member.
4. The Council shall fill up any vacancy that may occur in any
of the othces or among its own members, notice of proposed
election being given at the immediately preceding Council
meeting.
5. The Council shall submit a report of its proceedings to the
Annual Meeting.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION.
1. The ordinary meetings of the Association shall be held on
the first and third Wednesdays in November, the first Wednesday
in December, the third Wednesday in January, the first and
third Wednesdays in the months from Febiuary to April inclusive,
the third Wednesday in Alay, and the first Wednesday in June, at
8 o'clock in tl)o evening precisely, for the purpose of inspecting
and conversing upon the various objects of antiquity transmitted
to the Association, and such other business as the Council may
appoint.
The Annual General Meeting of the Association shall be held on
the first Wednesday in May in each year, at 4.30 p.m. precisely
at which the President, Vice-Presidents, and officers of the Asso-
ciation shall be elected, and such other business shall be conducted
VI
as may be deemed advisable for the well-being of the Association ;
but none of the rules of the Association shall be repealed or
altered unless twenty-eight days' notice of intention to propose
such repeal or alteration shall have been given to the Secretaries,
and they shall have notified the same to the Members of the
Council at their meeting held next after receipt of the notice.
2. An extraordinary general meeting of the Association may at
any time be convened by order of the President, or by a requisition
signed by twenty Associates, stating the object of the proposed
meeting, addressed to the Secretaries, who shall issue notices
accordingly, stating therein the object for which the meeting is
called.
3. A General Public Meeting or Congress shall be held annually
in such town or place in the United Kingdom, at such time and for
such period as shall be considered most advisable by the Council,
to which Associates, Correspondents, and others, shall be admitted
by ticket, upon the payment of one guinea, which shall entitle the
bearer, and also a lady, to be present at all meetings either for the
reading of papers, the exhibition of antiquities, the holding of
conversazioni, or the making of excursions to examine any objects
of antiquarian interest.
4. The Officers having the management of the Congress shall
submit their accounts to the Council at their next meeting after
the Congress shall have been held, and a detailed account of
their personal expenses, accompanied by as many vouchers as
they can produce.
ANNULMENT OF MEMBERSHIP.
If there shall be any ground alleged, other than the non-
payment of subscriptions, for the removal of any Associate, such
ground shall be submitted to the Council at a Special Meeting to
be summoned for that purpose, of which notice shall be given
to the Associate complained of, and in default of his attending
such meeting of Council, or giving a satisfactory explanation to
the Council, he shall, if a resolution be passed at such meeting, or
any adjournment thereof, by two-thirds at least of the members
then present for such removal, thereupon cease to be a member of
the Association. Provided that no such resolution shall be valid
unless nine members of the Council at least (including the Chair-
man) shall be present when the resolution shall be submitted to
the meetincj.
VI 1
LIST OF CONGRESSES.
Congredses have been already held at
Under the Presidency of
1841 Canterbuut
18-45 Winchester
184:6 Gloucester
J 847 Warwick
1848 Worcester
1849 Chester
1850 Manchester &Lancaste
1851 Derby .
1852 Newark
1853 Rochester
1854 Chepstow
1855 Isle of Wight
1856 Bridgwater and Bath
1867 Norwich
1858 Salisbury
1859 Newbury
1860 Shrewsbury
1861 Exeter .
1862 Leicester