try of, with the captive Richard, into London, 585 ; claims the crown, 587 ; his
hereditary pretensions, 588 ; superior right of Edmund Mortimer, the progeni-
tor of the House of York, 588. See Henry IV.

Hereward heads an insurrection in 1072, in the isle of Ely, i. 225 ; successes of, 225 ;
is compelled to submit to William I., 227 ; fate of, 227.

Hermann, general, defeated by the French and Dutch, 1799, vii. 139.

Hero-worship, ancient tumuli, probable memorials of, i. 24.

Herries, J. C., chancellor of the exchequer, viii. 13 ; quarrels with Huskisson, 16;
secretary at war, 171.

Herschell, sir William, discovered Uranus, 1781, vii. 520; his great telescope
erected at Slouph, Aug. 28, 1798. 520.

Hertford, Edward Seymour, earl of, commands the forces in the invasion of
Scotland, and burns Leith. ii. 450 ; ravages the southern counties, 451 ; con-
ceals for a time the will of Henry VIII., 621 ; raised to the ollice of Protector
by the executors of the will, and created duke of Somerset, 521 ; endeavours to
enforce the treaty for the marriage of Edward VI. with the queen of Scotland,
523 ; invades Scotland and proposes terms for an Union, 524 ; wins the battle
of Pinkie and returns to London, 527 ; causes Henry VIII.'s statutes of treason
and other arbitrary laws to be repealed, 529 ; difficulties of the government of,
arising from the circumstances of the times and his own character, 534; causes
his brother, lord Thomas Seymour, to be attainted for treason, and signs the
warrant for his execution, 537 ; probable guilt of Seymour, and justification of
Somerset, 538 ; evidence of Sharrington against Seymour, 538, 539 ; ineffectual
endeavours of Somerset to redress grievances, 540 ; proclamation* against un-
reasonable prices and against inclosnres, 641 ; insurrection in Cornwall and
Devonshire against innovations in religion, 542 ; suppressed at the battle of

VOL. VIII. 36



5 62



INDEX.



Cliff, near Exeter, 544 ; insurrection of Ket the tanner in Norfolk, against in-
closures, 540 ; suppressed by the earl of 'Warwick at Household heath. 549 ;
marriage of Mary of Scotland to the dauphin of France, and war declared with
both those countries, 550 ; successes of the Scotch, 550 ; becomes obnoxious to
the nobility from his protection of the rights of the poor, 551, 552 ; confederacy
of the nobles, headed by Warwick against, 553 ; issues a proclamation inviting
the king's subjects to repair to Hampton Court, where Edward was, for the
king's protection, 554 ; fails to get the support of the army or to move the peo-
ple to rise in his favour, 554 ; removes Edward to Windsor, 555 ; lord Kussell
and the army join Warwick, 555 ; is arrested, 557 ; conveyed to the Tower, 557 :
articles exhibited against, 5.:8 ; the Protectorship is revoked, he is imprisoned
till Feb. G, 1550, and fined, 559 ; attempts of, to re-establish his power,565 ; is ar-
rested and tried for high treason, 567 ; acquitted of treason and found guilty of
felony, 567 ; is beheaded January 22, 1551, 568; character of, and his innuenc*
on the progress of the Reformation , 569.

Hertford, lord, English ambassador at Paris, vi. 81.

Hervey, lord, vice-chamberlain, 1730, v. 435 ; duels with Pulteney ; character of,
440 ; conversation of, with Walpole 011 Caroline's death, 404.

Hervey, colonel, advises Wellington to cease pursuing the enemy at Waterloo,
vii. 404.

Hesse, elector of, subsidied by England, v. 600.

Hewlet, lady, her bequest ; discussion as to the claimants thereof, viii. 372, 373.

Hexham, battle of, May 15, 1464, ii. 129.

Hicks, Mrs., hanged for witchcraft, 1716, v. 314.

Hickson, an agent of the young Pretender ; apprehended, v. 515.

Hickson, his description of the evils of the poor-law system, viii. 154.

Hidon, Thomas, reveals the Cato-street conspiracy, vii. 555.

High and Low Church, introduction of the distinction of, iv- 469.

Highlanders, description of the, by Cunningham, iv. 489 ; government proceed,
ings against the, 538, et seij. ; their share in the rebellion of 1715, v. 366-389 ; de-
scription of the ; the Black Watch, or 42nd Regiment, 498, 499 ; aid the rebellion
of 1745, 505-516 ; costume of, early part of the 18th century, 517, 518 ; their fur-
ther operations in the rebellion of 1745, 1746, 523-533, 539-566 ; drafted into the
British army by Chatham, vi. 22.

Highs, Thomas, invents a machine similar to the "jenny," vi. 346, 347.

Highwaymen, 18th century, vi. 392, 393.

HiU, colonel, commands the garrison at Fort William, 1690, iv. 539 ; his share in
the Glencoe massacre, 541, 542, 547 ; declared not guilty by the Scotch parlia-
ment, 552.

Hill, captain, murders Mountford, the player, iv. 576.

Hill, general, his struggle with Soult, Dec. 1813, vii. 352.

Hill, Frederic, first inspector of Scotch prisons ; their state according to his re-
ports, viii. 191.

Hill, sir G. F., vice-treasurer of Ireland, vii. 552.

Hill, M. D., M. P. for Hull; description of .Agnew's Sabbath Observance bill,
viii. 132 ; history of public opinion on the question of counsel for prisoners by,
189, 190.

Hill, Rowland, revolutionizes the routine of the Post Office, viii. 212 ; his pro-
posed penny postage plan ; opposition to it ; it is tried and found completely
successful, 256, 257.

Hill, T. W., his remarks on Worcestershire potato cultivation, vi. 323, 324 ; en-
gaged in the Birmingham riots, 1791, 508, 509.

HillsboroiiT;h, lord, secretary for the colonies, 1768-1772, vi. 123, 140, 603 ; orders
Bernard to rescind the resolution adopted by the Massachusetts Assembly to
oppose thr) Revenue act, 12:i ; accused of garbling the council minutes ; ap-
points lord Boutetort governor of Virginia, in room of sir J. Amherst, 127 ;
secretary of state, 1779-1782. 603.

Hislop, sir Thomas, commands the army of the Deccan, vii. 625.

Hispaniola. See San Domingo.

Historian, province and duties of the, i. introduction.

History, specimens of the false statements of, vii. 408 ; differently treated by our
leading historians, Macaulay, Hallam, and Carlyle, viii. 312-315.

Hoadley, Dr. Benjamin ; his treatises burnt by the mob, v. 226 ; bishop of Salis-
bury ; urges Walpole to give the Dissenters promise of future relief, 435.

Hobhouse, nis objection to the income tax, vii. 106.

Hobhouse, sir J. C., secretary of state, viii. 135; president of the board of con-
trol, 203 ; his speech, moving a vote of thanks to the Indian army, 288.

Hoche, sergeant, commands a detachment of French guards in the riots, 1789,
vi. 488; his exploits at Quiberon, 1795, vii. 57 ; appointed to command the ex-
pedition to Ireland, 1796, 71.



INDEX 563

Hofer, Andrew, leader of tho Tyrolese insurrectionists, 1809, vii. 289 his ex-
ploits, 290 ; capture and death, Feb. 20, 1810, 291.

Hoflaiul, a river scenery painter, vii. 548.

Hogarth William, the regenerator of modem English painting, v. 349, 366 his
character as a painter, 350 ; his pictures a delineation of contemporary man-
ners, 351, 352 ;. dramatic character of his paintings and prints, 352 : the life of
the streets as shown in his works, 331, 333 ; profligacy among the high and low-
ranks of society, 351 ; manners of the time as delineated in his pictures of the
scene at the cockpit and at the gaming house, 355 ; that of the rake's levee
aoG ; inarriage-a-la-inode, 356 ; in his election prints, 357; in his pictures of " The



lishes, 78.

Hohenlinden, battle of, Dec. 3, 1800, vii. 150.

Holhenlohe, prince of, commands the Prussians at Jena, vii. 244.

Holbein, Hans, productions of , under Henry VIII., ii. 519.

Holbourne, admiral, shrinks from attacking the French, vi. 36.

Holcroft, Thomas, remarks on Hardy's trial, vii. 35, 36.

Holderness, earl of, secretary of state, 1751-1761, vi. 26, 45, 139 ; removed from this
office, 1761, 57-

Holkar, a Mahratta chief, vii. 219 ; war declared against, 1804 : subdued bv the
British, 226.

llolkar the younger aids the Pindarees in their war with the British, vii. 625 ;
defeated Dec. 21, 1817, at the battle of Meehudpore ; peace concluded with the
British, Jan. 6. 1818, 626.

Holland, Henry, his architectural designs, vii. 534.

Holland, lord. See Fox, Henry.

Holland, lord, remarks on lord North's conduct, 1781, vi. 258 ; his account of
North's announcement of his resignation, 1782, 262 ; remarks on the income
tax, vii. 106 ; a member of the Grenville ministry, 246 ; defends himself for de-
fending lord Grey, 1827, 613 ; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, viii. 68, 203.

Holland annexed to France, 1810, vii. 314.

Holmes, major, concerned in the assassination plot, 169fi, v. 26. et seq.

Holsteu Beck, prince of, takes an active part in the battle of Blenheim, 1704, v.
143.

Holwell, his account of the tragedy of the Black Hole, vi. 27, 28.

Holy Alliance. See Alliance.

Home, John, his estimate of the Highland forces, 1745, v. 511 ; his description of
the battle of Falkirk, 545, 546.

Homildon-Hill, battle of, 14 Sept. 1402, i., 598.

Hompesch, general, pursues the Gallo-Bavarian army after their defeat at Blen-
heim, v. 144.

Hone, William, prosecuted for libel, vii. 465; his first, 466 ; second, 468 ; and
third trials, 469, 470 ; in all he is found not guilty.

Hood, captain, present at the battle of the Nile, 1798, vii. 102.

Hood, sir Samuel, unable to hinder De Grasse's operations, 1781, vi. 245, 251 ;
joined by Rodney, 1782, 263 ; compels the " Ville de Paris " to strikCj 265 ; cap-
tures four French vessels, 266 ; sails against Toulon ; negotiates with the in-
habitants, jli. 19 ; the fleet and port are surrendered on his agreeing to sup-
port them m the restoration of peace and monarchy, 19 ; compelled to evacuate
the place by the French, 22, 23.

Hood, Thomas, his poetry, viii. 325, 326.

Hook, Theodore, his novels, viii. 308, 309.

Hooke, colonel, a Jacobite agent ; offers French assistance to the Casieronians,
and other Scots disaffected towards the government, v. 202.

Hooper, bishop of Gloucester, martydom of, ii. 613.

Hope, sir John, retreats through Spain, 1808, vii. 275, 276 ; succeeds to the com-
mand of the army on Moore's death ; embarks his troops, 278 ; captures Balitz
and the South Beveland, 1809, 291 ; battles against Soult, 1813, 352.

Horner, Francis, remarks, of, on the reduction of the circulating medium, 1816,
vii. 430 ; died Feb. 6. 1817. 472.

Horton, Mrs., her connection and marriage with the duke of Cumberland, vi.
149, 150.

Hosier, admiral, blockades Porto Bello, v. 426.

Hospitals, London medical, dates of the opening of the, vi. 423.

Houchard, general in the French army ; defeats tho Austrians near Hondscootc,
Sept. 8. 1793, vii. 15 ; the convention puts him to death for not stopping the
English in their retreat from Dunkirk, 15.

Howard, Mrs. See Suffolk, lady.



INDEX.



Howard, John, high sheriff of Bedfordshire ; his philanthropical effort to remedy
the state of prisoners ; publication of his book " on prisons," 1777, vi. 421, -)22.

Howe, Richard, earl ; captain ; captures two French vessels, 1755, v. 599; tukc-i
Aix, 1757, vi. 35 ; reinforces the troops in America ; appointed one of tho
British commissioners, 184 ; employs conciliatory measures towards the



his personal visit to the fleet quells the mutiny at S pithead, 82.

Howe, major-general sir William, engagc-d in the battle of Breed's, or Bunker's
hill, 1775, vi. 177 ; leads an attack against the Americans, 178 ; left in command
of the British American army, 180; leaves Halifax; lands in Staten Island,
1776, 184 ; his letter to George Washington, Esq., refused, 169; gains the battle
of Brooklyn, 190 ; his further operations against Washington, 1776, 190, 131 ;
evacuates Jersey ; his strategic movements, 1777, 199. ,

Howe, lord, slain at the head of his regiment in America, 1758, vi. 40.

Hudson's Bay Company, chartered 1760, iv. 429.

Huegins, John, reprimanded for Belling the wardenship of the Fleet, v. 437.

Hull, port of, and trades, iv. 414 ; whale fishery carried on by the vessels of,
-114 ; obtains parliamentary representation, 1832, viii. 116.

Hull, general, capitulates to Brock, 1M2, vh. 369.

Hullin aids in attacking the Bastille, 1879, vi. 481.

Humbert, general, commands the French force sent to Ireland, vii. 115; which
surrenders to general Lake, Sept. 8, 1799, 116.

Hume, erroneous statement of, as to the condition of Britain in the third cen-
tury, i. 45.

Hume. M. P. for Moiitrose ; his complaints on behalf of queen Caroline, vii.
557 ; moves the issuing of a proclamation for her coronation, 571 ; his efforts
to promote the recognition of true principles of financial economy, viii. 22 ;
votes for Littleton as speaker, 127 ; reviews the work of the session of 173(i,
18G.

" Hundred Days," account of the crisis called the, vii. 385, 392-404.

Hunne, Richard, persecution of, for heresy and being possessed of Wycliffe'a
books, ii. 265 ; violent death of, 265 ; the bishop of London's chancellor ac-
cused of his murder, 265.

Hunt, Henry, attends a meeting of the Hanipden club in London, vii. 451 ; and
also the Spa-field meeting, 453, 454 ; fails in being returned M. P. for West-
minister, 480 ; presides over a reform meeting in Smithtield, 487 ; takes the
chair at the great reform meeting at Manchester, 1819, 488 ; he is arrtsttd ar.d
tried, 492 ; found guilty &nd punished. 560.

Hunt, Leigh, his " Story of Rimini " published, 1816, vii. 509 ; charm and plea-
santness of hie essays, 129.

Hunt, Robert, his evidence of the assassination plot, 1696, v. 26, 27.

Huskisson, William, present at the taking of the Bastille ; defends his con-
duct in the French revolution, vi. 491, 492 ; praises Louis's firmness in the in-
surrection of the 20th of June, 1792, 535; first commissioner of Wood.- and
Forests and Land revenues, vii. 552 ; president of the board of trade, Jan. 182:; ;
obtains a seat in the Cabinet, 1825 ; develops a system of commercial policy on
a broad and liberal basis ; his reciprocity of duties bill passed, July 4, 1823,
592 ; clamour against his proposal to abolish the prohibitory Unties on silk ;
vindicates his motives for advocating free trade, 592; he is eloquently defended
by Canning, 593, 594 ; colonial secretary in the Goderich ministry, 18!i7, vii., 13 ;
his differences with Mr. Herries causes lord Goderich to resign, 16 ; joins the
Wellington administration, 16 ; opposes the repeal of the Corporation and
Test Acts, 23 ; compelled, for consistency's sake, to vote aainst the jtmerii-
ment, he retires from the ministry, 1828, 25; his speech on the power of steam ;
returned M. P. for Liverpool, 60 ; present at the opening of the Liverpool and
Manchester railway, 61 ; killed by an accident Sept. 15, 1830, 62.

Huss, John, adopts the tenets of Wycliffe, ii. 13 ; is summoned to Constance and
there burnt in 1415, 13.

Hussoy, Dr., remarks of, on the state of Ireland, 1796, vii. 109, 110.

Hutchi son, colonel, studies the state of public, affairs, iii. 394 : conference of,
with lord Newark, 436 ; defends Nottingham Castle with bravery, 476 ; return-
ed as member of parliament. 516 ; presents a petition in favour of sir John
Owen, 591, 592 ; goes to London, and submits like others, to Cm" < -ll's govern-
ment, iv. 31, effects of the Civil War described bv Mrs. Hutrhimon. 43 ; che
cites the colonel as a good example of an accomplished gentleman of the Inde-
pendent party, 46 ; kind of life led by. after his retirement from public affairs,
48 ; reveals Lambert's plot to Oliver Cromwell. 99.

Hntchinson, governor of M:iss;i<-husoU8. vi Ivs : removes aJl the troops from
Boston, 130 ; superseded in hi.-; post by general Gage, 163.



INDEX. 565

Ilutchinson, general, engages the French at Castlebar, vii. 116 ; succeeds to the
command of the army in Egypt ; invests Cairo, 163.

Ilutclriiisoii, lord, appointed to offer queen Caroline an annuity under certain,
conditions, vii. 561, 562.

Hutton William, established a circulating library at Birmingham, 1751, vi. 384 ;
remarks on a handbill celebrating the fall of the Bastiie, 1791, 166 ; his ware-
house plundered by the Birmingham mob, 509.

Iluy taken by Alaiiborough. 1703, v. 122 ; by Villeroy, 1705, 165.

Hyde, sir Edward. See Clarendon, earl of.

Hyder-Ali defeats the English in Madris and obtains possession of the country,
vi. 153, 154 ; his inroad upon ihe Carnatic, 434, defeated by Coote, 435 ; death
of, 1782, 438.

G.

IBRAHIM BET evacuates Cairo, 1798, vi'. 100.

Ibrahim Pasha, proceedings of, at Navarino and the Morea, 1827, viii. 14.

ImhotI, Mrs., inarried Warren Hastings, vi. 431.

Impey, sir Elijah, chief justice of the Supreme Court at Calcutta ; causes Nun-

comar to be tried for forgery, vi. 430 ; who is found guilty and executed, 431 ;

quarrels with Hastings, 433 ; collects evidence against the begums of Oude,

Impressment, system of, established by law, 1704, v. 132 ; evils of impressment
exaggerated, vii. 365.

Iiiclosure Bills passed, 1760, 1779, vi. 300 ; 1789, 1797, vii. 75.

Income, Gregory King's scheme of the, of the various grades of society in
1688, iv. 424, 425, 456 ; of clergy compared with that of other classes, temp.
queen Anne, 451.

Income-tax, first proposed by Pitt, 1798 ; objections to it, vii. 105-107 ; proposed
continnaiice of, 1816 ; opposition to it ; the proposal rejected, 422, 423 ; renewal
of, proposed by sir 11. Peel, and resolved upon by par-lament, notwithstanding
.great opposition, viii. 341 ; re-imposition of, proposed by sir It. Peel, 379.

Indemnity Acts for Dissenters passed, 1727-1828, v- 43G.

Indemnity Act passed, 1766, to exonerate those who had advised an embargo on
corn, yi. 99.

Indemnity bill introduced, 1689, iv. 471.

Indemnity bill, 1818, vii. 477.

Independents. See Nonconformists.

India bill, Fox's, brought forward, Nov. 18, 1783 ; the plan of government pro-
posed, vi. 441 ; opposition to it ; carried in the House of Commons, Dec. 9,138;
rejected in the Lords, 442, 443 ; Pitt introduces his, Jan. II, 1784 ; thrown out,
and Fox's re-introduced, 446 ; Pitt's India bills passed ; plan of government
laid down by them, 450.

Indian affairs, history of, 1744-1754, v. 592-596 ; 1756-17f.7, 2C-32 ; 1760-1773, 152-
154 ; 1773-1784, vi. 427^38 ; India bills of Fox and Pitt, 440, 443,446. 450 ; history,
from 1785 to 1703, 572, 577 ; 179K, 1799, vii. 12*, 130 ; 17'J9, 1806, 1 17, 228 ; 1807-1826,
620, 635 ; 1836, 1842, viii. 286, 300 ; 18-12-1844, 1156, 361 ; 1845, 1846, 404, 405.

Indian Trada Keform bill suffered to droi>, 1G92, iv. C58.

Indians employed by the Americans, 1759, vi. 45 ; by the British, 1777, 199: Chat-
ham denounces the practice as a national stain , 202, 203 ; Burgoyne defends
his conduct in employing them, 215. 2!6 ; destruction of Wyoming by, 1778 21(i,
217 j again employed by the British, 1812, vii. 369 ; their steadiness and order
praised by Brock, ;'-6i).

Industrious classes, state of the, temp. Richard I., i. CGO-3C2 ; sports, games, and
amusements ot 302, 3W.

Industry; variety of employments amona; the western counties of England, iv-
397; the hardware trade of Birmingham, 400 ; earthenware trade 401; glass
manufacture, 402; stocking t. ado, 40:); progress and vicissitudes of the lace
trade, 401 ; Lomba's silk mill completed in 1717, 401 ; progress of thesilk trade,
405 ; rapid development of the cotton trade between 1700 and 1850, 409 ; linen
trade at Warrir



ingtou, and discouragement given to it, 412 ; most prosperous
when guided by natural laws, 412 ; of the Yorkshiremen in queen Anne's time,
414 ; of Lead*, 414 ; cutlery trade of Sheffield, 414 ; imports, exports, and trade
of Hull, 414 ; the coal trade, 415, 417 : the salmon tra<le, 417 ; of Scotland, very
limited before the Union, in 1707. 417 : of the inhabit;mts in the Norwich dis-



trict, 421 ; curious evidence of this, 421 ; great difficulty of passing from ore
occupation to another about the time of queen Anne, 439, 440 ; jealousy of the
great formerly shown towards the rise of the lower classes, 441 ; progress of
the national, in agriculture, vi. 300, 339; and the arts, 340, 363; general depression



566



INDEX.



of, 1812, vii. 024 ; and again in 1816, from the exhaustion of war, viii. 431, et
seq.: and the heavy poor rates levied, 443.

Inglis, sir R. II., returned M.P. for Oxford, 1829, viii. 23; his speech against
the Reform bill, 1831, 73 74; opposes the granting a charter to the University of
London, 174.

Ingulphus, abbot of Croyland, account of the invasion of the Danes in 870 by, i.
Ill ; his behaviour to his predecessor, 223 ; account by, of the resistance of
Hereward, 225, 226.

Innocent XII., his pacific turn, iv. 528 ; his decision as to the Spanish succession,
v. 92 ; pope 1G91-1700, 604.

Inns as described by the poets and novelists of the 18th century, vi. 394, 395-

Imispruck surrendered to the Bavarians, 1809, vii. 290.

Insurance offices, date of the establishment of the earlier, jv- 431.

Interregnum, period of, in 1688-9, iv. 373.

Inverness taken by the young Pretender, 1746, v. 551.

Inwoods, the architects of St. Pancras church, vii. 537.

lona, religion and learning fostered at, by Columbia, in the 8th century, i. 90.

Ipswich loses its colliery and cloth trade ; takes the lead in the manufacture of
agricultural implements, iv. 422 ; mutiny at, 1G89, 469.

Ireton, Henry, commands the left wing at Naseby, iii. 504 ; intercepts a letter of
the king's in 1647, 548 ; saves the life of sir John Owen, seconded by col. Hutch-
inson, 591 ; left in Ireland by Cromwell as his deputy, 605 ; dies there in Nov.
1651, iv. 32 ; his body disinterred from Westminster Abbey after the Restora-
tion, and buried at Tyburn, 143.

Irish Church Reform bill . See Church.

Iron ; England before and after the iron era, contrasted, iv. 394 ; Forest of Dean
formerly the seat of the manufacture of, 395 ; evidences of the Romans having
smelted, 395 ; coal first used for smelling ; state of the iron trade in 1740 and
1851 compared, 396 ; hardware trade at Birmingham, 400; extensive manufac-
ture of steel at Sheffield, 411 ; improvements in the manufacture of; Carron
iron works founded by Dr. Roebuck, 1709, vi. 331 ; coal used for smelting, S.~A ;
invention of the art of converting cast-iron into malleable-iron ; modern and
ancient iron structures compared, 356.

Isabel of Spain, her claim to the throne disputed by Don Carlos, viii. 194.

Isabella, queen of Edward II. See Edward II. and Edward III-

Ismail, siege of, 1790 ; stormed by the Russians : massacre of the besieged, vi.
502.

J.

JACKSOX, capt. Andrew, organizes the opposition to sir E. Pakenham's advance
upon New Orleans, Dec. 1814 and Jan. 1815, vii. 381 ; president of the United
States, 1829, 1R37, viii. 68.

Jacobins, a French political party ; Robespierre its head, vi. 518 ; they attempt
to impeach La Fayette, 536 ; suspend their hostility towards Dumouriez, 5^9 ;
their measures for "governing France, 591, 594 ; energy, their characteristic, 594;
their vigour in meeting the Toulon revolt, vii. 20 ; their energy and atrocities,
26, 27 ; they recognize the existence of the Supreme Being, 44 ; fall of Robes-
pierre and his adherents, 46.

Jacquerie, in France, the consequence of the miseries occasioned by the ravages
of the English, i. 531.

Jaifa taken by the French 1799, vii. 131 ; massacre of its inhabitants, 131, 132.

Jaffler.Meer, Surajah Dowlah's general; conspires, with dive's assistance, to
obtain supreme power, vi. 29 ; Clive's treaty with, 29 ; becomes subahdar of
Bengal. 32 ; the English make war on Cossein to dethrone him, and restore
Jaffier,i52.

Jamaica, critical state of affairs in, viii. 249, 2,50.

James I. of Scotland is released from his captivity at "Windsor, and accompanies
Henry V. in his expedition to France in 1421, ii. 36.

James IV. of Scotland receives and protects Perkiii Warbeek in 1495, ii. 209 ; in-
vades England on his behalf, but retreats, 215 ; concludes a truce, and sends
Warbeek from Scotland, 216 ; marries Margaret, daughter of Henry VII., in
1502, 225 ; concludes a treaty with France in May, 1312. 251 ; invades England,
257; valour displayed by, at Flodden Field, Sept. 9, 1513, 259 ; slain, 259.

James I. of England (VI. of Scotland), born June 19, 1566, iii. 57 ; is crowned in
Scotland, July 29, 1567, on his mother's abdication, 66 ; writes to Elizabeth, in
favour of his mother on her condemnation. 121 ; suspected of joining in the
projects of Spain against England, 139 ; he represses the insurrection fostered
by Spain. 191 ; attempts to obtain a subsidy to enable him to assert his claim to
th succession of the crown of England, 220 ; the Gowrie conspiracy, 221 ; pro-



INDEX.