C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii rerum gestarum. Caesar's Commentaries: the Gallic war, books I-Iv, with selections from books V-VII and from the civil war; online

[re- + moveS], 2, move back, re-
move : dismiss (i. 19). [remove.

remuneror, -ari, -atus, [re-, cf.
munus], 1, dep., recompense, repay.
i. 44. [remunerate.

remus, -I., m., oar.

Rgmua. i, m., one of the Remi, a
A' rut <nt.

r6no. -Snis, m., reindeer skin, deer*
skin. vi. 21.



renovo



101



respondeo



renovo, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- +
nov5, from novus], i, renew, again
commence, [renovate.

renuntio, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- +
nuntio], i, bring back word, an-
nounce; declare elected (vii. 33).
[renounce.

repello, -pellere, reppull, repulsus,
[re- -f pello], 3, drive back, force
back, repulse, [repel.

repente, [abl. of repens, sudden],
adv.j suddenly.

repentinus, -a, -urn, [repens, sud-
den], adj., sudden, unexpected.

reperio, -perire, repperl, repertus,
4, find, find out ; discover, ascertain,
learn.

repetS, -petere, -petlvl or -petii,
-petltus, [re- + peto], 3, seek
again, again try to obtain (v. 49) ; de-
mand (i. 31) ; exact (i. 30). [repeat.

repleo, -plere, -plevi, -pletus, [re-
+ pleo, fill] , 2, fill up ; supply amply
(vii. 56). [replete.

reponS, -ponere, -posul, -positus,
[re- + pono], 3, replace ; place, rest
(C. 11. 41). [repository.

reporto, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- +
porto], 1, carry back, convey back.
[report.

reposco, -poscere, [re- + posco],
3, demand, require, v. 30.

repraesento, -are, -avi, -atus, [re-
-f- praesentS, from praesens], 1,
do at once, do forthwith. i. 40.
[represent.

reprehendo, -hendere, -hendi,
-hensus, [re- + prehendS], 3,
hold back ; criticise, blame. [rep-
rehend.

repressus, see reprimS.

reprimo, -primere, -press!, -pres-
sus, [re- + premo], 3, restrain,
check; repress, [repress.

repudiS, -are, -avi, -atus, 1, reject,
scorn, i. 40. [repudiate.



repugno, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- -f
pugno], 1, fight back, resist, [re-
pugnant.

repulsus, see repello. [repulse.

requiesco, -ere, requievi, requie-
tus, [re- + quiesco], 3, take rest,
rest. C. III. 98.

requiro, -quirere, -quisivi, -quisi-
tus, [re- + quaero], 3, require,
demand (vi. 34); wish back again,
miss (vii. 63); seek (C. II. 35).
[require.

res, rei, f., matter, affair; circum-
stance, fact, transaction; object,
project, business. res militaris,
-warfare, military science. res
novae, a revolution. praemia
rei pecuniariae, rewards in money
(C. in. 59). [real.

rescinds, -scindere, -scidl,-scissus,
[re- + scindo], 3, cut doivn, break
up, destroy, [rescind.

resciscS, -sciscere, -scivl, or -soil,
-scitus, [re- + scisco, inquire], 3,
discover, find out. i. 28.

rescribo, -scribere, -scrips!, -scrip-
tus, [re- + scrlbo], 3, write again;
enroll anew, transfer from one
branch of the service to another (i.
42). [rescribe.

reservo, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- +
servo], 1, keep back, keep, [reserve.

resides, -sidere, -sedl, [re-+ sedeo,
sit], linger, remain, [reside.

residS, -sidere, -sedl, [re- + sld5,
sit down], 3, settle dozvn, subside.
vii. 64.

resists, -sistere, -stitl, [re- + sisto,
set], 3, remain, stay ; stand still (C.
II. 35); oppose, zvithstand, offer re-
sistance, [resist.

respiciS, -spicere, -spexl, -spectus,
[re- + speciS, look], 3, look back (ii.
24; v. 43, C. 11. 35); look at; con-
sider (vii. 77). [respect.

respondeo, -spondere, -spondi,



responsum



102



sacerdotium



-spSnsus, [re- + spondeo, prom-
ise], 2, answer, reply, [respond.

responsum, -I, [part, of responded],
n., answer, reply, [response.

res publica, see publicus.

respuo, -spue re, -spui, [re- +
spu5], 3, spit out ; reject (i. 42).

restinguo, -stinguere, -stinxi,
-stinctus, [re- + stinguo, quench],
3, put out, extinguish, vii. 24, 25.

restitud, -uere, -ul, -utus, [re- +
statuo], 3, replace, restore ; renew,
revive; rebuild (i. 28) . [restitution.

retentus, see retineS.

retineo, -tinere,-tinui,-tentus, [re-
+ teneo], 2, restrains detain, keep
back; hold (vii. 21). [retain.

retraho, -trahere, -traxi, -tractus,
[re- + trahS], 3, bring back by
force, v. 7. [retract.

revello, -vellere, -velli, -vulsus, [re-
-f vello, pull], 3, pull back (i. 52);
tear away (vii. 73).

reversus, see revertor.

reverto, reverti, [re- + vertS], 3,
only in tenses from pf. stem, and
revertor, -verti, -versurus, 3,
dep., return, go back, [revert.

revincio, -vincire, -vinxi, -vinctus,
[re- + vincio], 4, bind back, bind
securely, fasten.

revoco, -are, -avi, -atus, [re- +
voc6], 1, call back, recall, [re-
voke.

r§x, regis, [cf. reg5, rule], m., king,
ruler, chieftain.

Rhenus, -I, m., the Rhine.
Rhodanus, -I, m., the Rhone, which
rises in the Alps near the sources of
the Rhine, and passing through Lake
Geneva, follows at first a south-
westerly direction, then flows south,
reaching the Mediterranean after a
course of about 500 miles,
ripa, -ae, f., bank of a stream, [river.
rlvus, -1, m., stream, brook, [rival.



robur, -oris, n., oak (11. 13); strength

(C. in. 87). [robust.
rogo, -are, -avi, -atus, I, ask, request.

[rogation.
Roma, -ae, f., Rome.
Romanus, -a, -um, [Roma], adj.,

Roman. As noun, Romanus, -I,

m., a Roman; usually pi., the Ro-
mans, Romans. [Roman.
Roscius. -I, m., Lucius Roscius (rosh'-

[y] us), a lieutenant in Caesar's army.
rostrum, -I, [cf. rodo, gnaw], n.,

beak; of a ship, beak, [rostrum.
rota, -ae, f., wheel, [rotary.
Roucillus, -I, m., (ru-sil' us), aw Allo-

brogian, brother of Egus. C. in. 59.
rubus, -I, m., brier, bramble, ii. 17.
Rums. -I, [rufus, reddish], m., (ru'~

fus), a Roman cognomen.
rumor, -oris, m., rumor, report, gossip.

[rumor.
rupes, -is, [cf. rumpo], f., cliff, ii. 29.
rursus, [for revorsus, from re-

verto], adv., again, anew ; in turn,

on the contrary.
Ruteni, -orum, m., pi., (ru-te'ni), a

Gallic people, west of the Cebenna

(Cevennes) Mountains; part of them

were in the Province, and were called

Ruteni provinciales.
Rutilus (ru' ti-lus), see Sempro-

nius.



Sabinus, see Titurius.

Sabis. -is, m., Sabis (sa' bis), the
Sambre, a river in the central part
of Belgic Gaul flowing northeast into
the Mosa (Jlfeuse). ii. 16, 18.

Saburra. -ae. m., (sa-bu' ra), a gen-
eral in Juba's army. C. II. 38-42.

saceidos, -dotis, [sacer. cf. d6],
m. and f., priest, vii. ^. [sacer-
dotal.

sacerdotium, -i, [sacerdSs], n.,
priesthood. C. III. 82, 83.



sacramentum



103



satus



sacramentum, -I; [sacro, set apart
as sacred], n., oath, [sacrament.

Sacrativir, -I, m., Marcus Sacrativir,
(sa-krat' j-vir), a Roman knight.
C. in. 71.

sacrificium. -i, [sacriflcus, from sa-
crum + FAC in facio], n., sacrifice.
vi. 13, 16, 21. [sacrifice.

saepe. comp. -ius, sup. -issime, adv..
often, frequently. Comp., too often
(iii. 6). saepe numero, often-
times, repeatedly.

saepes, -is, f., hedge, ii. 17, 22.

saevio. -Ire, -ii, -ltus, [saevus,
fierce], 4, rage ; be violent (iii. 13).

sagitta, -ae, f., arrow.

Sagittarius, -i, [sagitta], m., archer,
boivman. [Sagittarius.

sagulum, -i, [dim. of sagum, man-
tle], n., small cloak, cloak, v. 42.

sal, salis, m., salt. C. 11. 37. [salad.

salinae, -arum, f., pi., [sal], salt-
works. C. 11. 37.

saltern, adv., at any rate. C. 1. 6.

saltus, -us, m., wooded valley, defile,
glen, thicket, vi. 43; vii. 19.

salus, -atis, [cf. salvus, well], f.,
health, welfare ; safety, [salutary.

saluto, -are, -avi, -atus, [salus],
1, greet, address. Cm. 71. [salute.

Samarobriva, -ae, f., (sam" a-ro-
bri' va), a city of the Ambiani on
the Samara (Somme); now Amiens.

sancio, sancire, sanxi, sanctus, 4,
make sacred; make binding, ratify.
[sanction.

sanctus, -a, -um, comp. -ior, sup.
-issimus, [sancio], adj., hallowed,
sacred, [saint.

sanguis, -inis, m., blood, [sanguine.

sanitas, -tatis, [sanus], f., soundness
of mind, good sense, [sanity.

sand, -are, -avi, -atus, [cf. sanus],
I, make sound ; make good, remedy
(vii. 29).

Santones, -um, or Santoni, -orum,



m., pi., (san'to-nez, san'to-ni), a
Gallic people on the seacoast north
of the Garumna {Garonne). Fig.
207.




Figure 207. — Coin of the Santones.

Silver. Obverse, helmeted head ; in'
scription, SANTONOS.

Reverse, a galloping horse.

sanus, -a, -um, comp. -ior, sup. sa-
nissimus, adj., sound, healthy, ra-
tional. As noun, pro sano, as a
prudent man (v \ 7) . [sane.

sapid, -ere, -ivi, 3, taste; be sensible,
understand (v. 30). [sapient.

sarcinae, -arum, [sarcio], f., pi.,
packs, carried by the soldiers on their
backs.

sarcio, -ire, sarsi, sartus, 4, mend ;
make good (vi. I; C. in. 73); wipe
out (C. in. 74). [sartorial.

sarmentum, -I, [sarpo, prune], n.,
a branch; pi., brushzvood (iii. 18).

satis, adv., enough, sufficiently, toler-
ably, rather ; often used as a noun,
especially with a gen. of the whole
as satis causae, sufficient reason.

satisfacid [satis + facio], -facere,
-feci, -factus, irr., satisfy, give sat-
isfaction ; make restitution (i. 14, v.
i) ; appease, placate (vii. 89) ; make
apology, apologize (i. 41, v. 54).
[satisfy.

satisfactio, -onis, [satisfacio], f.,
apology, excuse. [satisfaction.

Saturninus, -i, m., L. Appuleius Sat-
urninus (sat-ur-ni' nus), a tribune
in 100 B.C. C. 1. 7.

satus, see ser5.



saucius



104



Seduni



saucius, -a, -um, adj., wounded (v.
36). As noun, saucius, -i, m., a
wounded man (iii. 4).

saxum, -I, n , stone, rock.

Scaeva, -ae, m., Cassius Scaeva
(se'va), a brave centurion in Cae-
sar's army. C. III. 53.

scalae, -arum, [cf. scando, climb'],
{., pi. , ladder, scaling-ladder, [scale.

Scaldis, -is, m., the Schelde, which
rises in France near the headwaters
of the Somme (Samara), and flows
northeast to the sea. vi. 33.

scapba, -ae, [<r/cd$77], f., skiff, small
boat.

sceleratus, -a, -um, cump. -for, sup.
-issimus, [part, of scelero, from
scelus], adj., 7vicked. infamous (vi.
34). As noun, sceleratus,-!, m.,
a crime-polluted man {\'\. 13).

scelus, sceleris, n., crime, wicked-
ness, i. 14.

scienter, comp.scientius, sup.scien-
tissime, [sciens], adv., cleverly,
skilfully, vii. 22.

scientia, -ae, [sciens], f., knowledge,
skill, [science.

scindo, -ere, scidi, scissus, 3, tear,
cut, split; tear doivn, break doivn

("i. 55 v - 50-

scio, scire, scivi, scitus, 4, know,
understand.

Scipio, -6nis, m., Q. Caecilius Metellus
Scipio (sip' i-o), a prominent parti-
san of Pompey, who married his
daughter Cornelia as fifth wife. C.
in. 82, 83, 88, 90.

scorpio, -5nis, [<TicopTrlu)v'],m.,a scor-
pion; scorpion, a military engine
(vii. 25). [scorpion.

scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptus,
3, write, write down, [scribe.

scrobis, -is, m. and f., hole, pit; wolf-
hole, wolf-pit. [scrobicule.

scutum, -i, n., oblong shield.

b8, b6b6, see sul.



b6-, sed-. in composition, apart
from, without.

sebum, -I, n., fat, tallow, [sebaceous.

secessio, -onis, [secedS], f., with-
drawal. C. 1. 7. [secession.

secludo. -ere, -si, -sus, [se- -^
claudo], 3, shut off. C. in. 97.
[seclude.

seco, -are, -ui, -tus, 1, cut. [sector.

secreto [secretus], adv., secretly,
privately, i. 18, 31.

sectio, -onis, [seco], f., booty, [sec-
tion.

sector, -ari, -atus, [freq. of sequor],
I, dep., pursue, chase, vi. 35.

sectura, -ae, [seco], f., a cutting
through earth, digging, excavation.
iii. 21.

secundum, [sequor], prep, with ace.
only, along, next to, by the side of
(ii. 18; vii. 34); according to (iv.
17); besides (i. 33).

secundus, -a, -um, comp. -ior, sup.
-issimus, [sequor], adj., second,
next ; propitious, fortunate, favor-
able, [second.

securis, -is, [cf. sec5], f., axe; pi.
referring to the axes of the lictors,
the lictor's axe (vii. 77).

sed, conj., but ; yet, but yet.

s£d-, see se-.

sedecim, or XVI, [sex + decern],
indeclinable num. adj., sixteen.

sedgs, -is, [cf. sedeo. sit\ f., seat;
habitation, abode, settlement, home.

sgditio, -onis, [sed- + iti6, from ire],
f., mutiny, revolt, vii. 28. [sedi-
tion.

sgditiosus, -a, -um, sup. -issimus,
[seditiO], adj., mutinous, [sedi-
tious.

Sedulius, -i, m., (se-diV li-us), a leader
of the Lemovices. vii. 88.

Seduni. -5rum, m., pi., (se-du' ni), a
people in the Alps southeast of Lacus
Lemannus {Lake Geneva').



Sedusii



105



sepultura



Sedusii, -orum, m., pi., (se-du'-

sh[y]-I), a German tribe, i. 51.
seges, -etis, f., grain-field, vi. 36.
Segni, -drum, m., pi., (seg' nl), a

German tribe settled in Belgic Gaul.

vi. 32.
Segontiaci, -orum, m., pi., (seg"-

on-shi-a' si), a people in the southern

part of Britain, v. 21 .
Segovax, -actis, m., (seg'o-vats), a

British chieftain, v. 22.
Segusiavi, -orum, m., pi., (seg"u-

shi-a' vi), a Gallic people, subject to

the Aeduans. Fig. 208.




Figure 208. — A Coin of the Segusiavi.

Silver. Obverse, helmeted head ; in-
scription, SEGVSIAVS, perhaps a man's name.

Reverse, Hercules with his club and lion's
skin.

semel, adv., once.

sementis, -is, [semen, seed], f, sow-
ing, seeding (i. 3).

semita, -ae, f., path, by-zvay.

semper, adv., always, ever, constantly.

Sempronius, -I, m., Marcus Sempro-
nius Rutilus (sem-pro' ni-us ru' ti-
lus), a Roman cavalry officer, vn.
90.

senator, -oris, [cf. senex], m., mem-
ber of the Roman Senate, senator ;
member of a Gallic state-council,
councillor , senator {\\. 28). [senator.

senatorius, -a, -um, [senator], adj.,
senatorial. ord.5 senatorius, sen-
atorial rank (C. in. 83, 97). [sena-
torial.

senatus, -us, [cf. senex], m., council
of elders, senate, [senate.

senex, -is, comp. senior, adj., old,
aged. As noun, m., old man (i.



29) ; seniores, -um, m., pi., older
men (C. II. 4). [senile.

seni, -ae, -a, [sex], distrib. num. adj.,
six each, six. i. 15.

Senones, -um, m., pi., (sen' o-nez),
a Gallic people south of the Ma-
trona (Afarne) ; chief city Agedin-
cum, now Sens.

sententia, -ae, [cf. sentio], f., opin-
ion, view, notion, conviction ; deci-
sion, judgment, sententiam di-
cere, to express an opinion. sen-
tential ferre, to vote (C. in. 83).
[sentence.

sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus, 4,
perceive through the senses, become
aware, learn; feel, think; knozu.
[sense.

sentis, -is, m , thorn-bush. ii. 17.

separatim [separatus], adv., sepa-
rately, apart.

separatus, -a, -um, [part, of separo],
adj., separate, marked off . [separate.

separo, -are, -avi, -atus, [se- +
paro], 1, part, separate. vii. 63.
[separate (verb).

septem, or VII, indeclinable num.
adj., seven. [September.

septentrio, -5nis, [septem + trio,
plough-ox], m., generally pi., sep-
tentriones, -um, the seven plough-
oxen, the seven stars forming the
constellation of the Great Bear; the
North, [septentrional.

Septimius, -i, m., Lucius Septimius
(sep-tim' i-us), a military tribune.
C. in. 104.

Septimus, -a, -um, [septem], num.
ad)., the seventh, [septimal.

septingenti, -ae, -a, or DCC, [sep-
tem + centum], num. adj., seven
hundred, v. 13; vii. 51.

septuaginta, or LXX, indeclinable
num. arlj., seventy. [Septuagint.

sepultura, -ae, [cf. sepeliS, bury],
f., burial, i. 26. [sepulture.



Sequana



106



significatio



SSquana, -ae, f., Sequana (sek'-
wa-na), the Seine, the principal river
of Northern France.

$equanl, -orum, m., pi., the Sequa-
nians, Sequani (sek' wa-nl), a Gallic
people west of the Jura; chief city
Vesontio, now Besanqon.

Sequanus, -a, -um, adj., Sequanian,
of the Sequanians (i. 31)- As noun,
Sequanus, -I, m., a Sequanian

(i- 3)-
sequor, -qui, -cutus, 3, dey>., follo7v,

follow after ; pursue ; take advantage

of (v. 8) ; hold to, maintain (vii. 63).

Caesaris fldem sequl, to attach

one's self to Caesar (v. 20, 56).

[sequence.
Ser., = Servius.
sermo, -5nis, m., talk, conversation.

[sermon.
sero, comp. serius, sup. -issime, [se-

rus, late], adv., late ; too late (v. 29) .
sero, serere, sevi, satus, 3, sow,

plant.
Sertoriua, -I, m., Quintus Sertorius

(ser-to' ri-us), a Roman general.

in. 23.
servflis, -e, [servus], adj., servile, of

slaves, i. 40; vi. 19. [servile.
servio, -Ire, -ii, -Itus, [servus], 4,

be the slave of follow (iv. 5); devote

one's self to (vii. 34). [serve.
servitus, -tutis, [servus], f., slavery,

bondage, subjection, [servitude.
Servius, -1, m., (ser'vi-us), a Roman

first name.
servo, -are, -avi, -atus, 1, save ; keep,

maintain, retain; save up (vi. 19);

keep watch of, watch (v. 19); keep

up the watch (ii. 33).
servus, -I, m., slave, [serf.
sescenti. -ae, -a, or DC, [sex +

centum], num. adj., six hundred.
b€b5, see sul.
sgsquipedalis. -e, [sesqui-, one half

more, + pedalis ; sesqui- = s6-



mis, one half + -que], adj., a foot
and a half in thickness, iv. 17.

sestercius, -a, -um, [for semis ter-
tius, three less one half], num. adj.,
two and a half As subst., sester-
tius, -I, (originally sc. nummus),
gen. pi. sestertium, m., sesterce, a
small silver coin, originally 2\ asses,
= about 4^ cents.

setius, adv., comp., less. nihilo
setius, none the less, nevertheless.

seu, see sive.

severitas, -tatis, [severus, severe],
f., sternness, rigor, strictness, vii. 4.
[severity.

sevoco, -are, -avi, -atus, [se- +
voco], 1, call apart, call aside.

sex, or VI, indeclinable num. adj.,
six. [sextet.

sexaginta, or LX, indeclinable num.
adj., sixty.

Sextius, -i, m., (seks' ti-us) :

(1) Publius Sextius Baculus, see
Baculus.

(2) Titus Sextius, a lieutenant.
si, conj., if whether, quod si, but if,

noxv if si quidem, if indeed, in

so far as (vi. 36).
Sibusates. -um, m., pi., (sib-u-sa'-

tez), a people in Aquitania. iii. 27.
SIC, adv., so, in this way, thus ; as

follozvs (11. 4). ut . . . sic, as

. . . so. sic . . . ut, so . . . that.
siccitas. -tatis, [siccus, dry], (.,

dryness, drouth.
Sicilia, -ae, f., the island of Sicily.
sicut or sicuti, [sic + uti], adv.,

just as, as.
sidus. -eris, n., constellation; pi.,

sidera, heavenly bodies, sun, moon

and stars (vi. 14). [sidereal.
signifer, -feri. [sigrnum, cf. fer6],

m., standard-bearer, ensign, ii. 25.
significatio, -6nis. [sigrniflcS]. f.,

sign, signal, intimation ; demeanor

(vii. 12). sigrniflc&tiOnem facere,



significo



107



iollicito



to give notice, convey information
(«• 33, v. 53, vi. 29). [signilica-
tion.

signified, -are, -avi, -atus,[sig-num,
+ fac in facio], 1, show by signs,
show, intimate, indicate; transmit
the news (vii. 3). [significant.

signum, -1, n., signal ; standard, en-
sign, signum dare, to give the
signal, [sign.

Silanus, -i, m., Marcus Silanus (si-
la' nus), a lieutenant of Caesar,
vi. I.

silentium, -i, [silens, silent~\, n., si-
lence, stillness, [silence.

Silius. -I, m., Titus Silius (sil' i-us),
a military tribune, iii. 7, 8.

silva, -ae, f., wood, forest, [sylvan.

silvestris, -e, [silva], adj., covered
with woods, wooded, [sylvestral.

similis, -e, comp. similior, sup. si-
millimus, adj., like, similar, [sim-
ilar.

similitudo, -inis, [similis], f., like-
ness, similarity, [similitude.

simul. adv., at the same time, at once ;
as soon as (iv. 26). simul . . .
Simul, both . . . and, partly ...
partly. simul atque, as soon as.

simulacrum, -i, [cf. simulo], n.,
image, vi. 16, 17.

simulatio, -onis, [cf. simulo], f.,
pretence, deceit, [simulation.

simul atque, see simul.

simulo, -are, -avi, -atus, [similis],
I, make like ; pretend, feign (i. 44;
iv. 4). [simulate.

simultas, -tatis, [simul], f., rivalry,
jealousy, bitterness toward a rival
(V. 44).

sin [si -f- ne], conj., if however, but if.

sincere [sincerus, pure'}, adv.,
frankly, sincerely, vii. 20.

sine, prep, with abl. only, without.

singillatim, [singuli], adv., one by
one, singly, iii. 2; v. 4, 52.



singularis, -e, [sing-uli], adj., one by
one, one at a time (iv. 26; vii. 8);
singular, extraordinary, [singular.

singuli, -ae, -a, distrib. num. adj., one
to each, one by one, one apiece ; sepa-
rate, single, [single.

sinister, -tra, -trum, adj., left, [sin-
ister.

sinistra, -ae, [sc. manus], f., left
hand (i. 25). sub sinistra, on the
left {v. 8).

sinistrorsus [sinister -f- vorsus, cf.
verto], adv., to the left. vi. 25.

si quidem, see si.

situs, -us, [cf. sino], m., situation,
location, site. [site.

sive or seu [si + ve], conj., or if.
sive (seu) . . . sive (seu), if
. . . or if, whether . . . or, either
. . . or, it might be . . . or.

socer, -eri, m., father-in-law. i. 12.

societas, -tatis, [socius], {.fellow-
ship ; alliance, confederacy (vi. 2);
corporation, association for business
purposes (C. in. 103). [society.

socius, -i, m., comrade, ally ; in Cae-
sar generally pi., socii, allies.
[social.

sol, solis, m., the sun. oriente
sole, at sunrise (vii. 3). [solar.

Sol, -is, m., god of the sun, sun-god.
vi. 21.

solacium, i, [cf. solor, console}, n.,
consolation, comfort, vii. 15. [solace.

soldurius, -i, in., retainer, follower,
vow-beholden, iii. 22.

soled, -ere, -itus sum, semi-dep., 2,
be wont, be accustomed.

solitudo, -inis, [solus], f., wilder-
ness, ivaste (iv. 18; vi. 23). [soli-
tude.

sollertia, -ae, [sollers, skilful}, f.,
skill, cleverness, ingenuity.

sollicitd, -are, -avi, -atus, [sollici-
tus, agitated}, I, instigate, urge, in-
cite ; tamper with, tempt, [solicit.



sollicitudo



108



stipendium



sollicitudo, -inis, [sollicitus], f.,

anxiety, apprehension, [solicitude.
solum, -I, n., lowest part, ground ; of

a trench, bottom (vn. 72). agri

solum, the bare ground (i. 11).
solum [ace. of s61us], adv., only.

non solum . . . sed etiam, not

only . . . but also.
solus, -a, -um, gen. solius, adj., only,

alone, [sole.
solvo, -ere, solvi, solutus, [se-, =

se-, + luo, loose}, 3, loose ; set sail

(iv. 23, 28; v. 23). [solve.
somnus, -I, m., sleep. C. 11. 38.
sonitus, -us, [cf. sono, sound},-m.,

noise, sound, vii. 60, 61.
sonus, -i, m., sound, vii. 47. [sound.
soror, -oris, f., sister, [sorority.
sors, sortis, f., lot, chance, [sort.
Sotiates, -ium, m., pi., (s5-shj-a'-

tez), a people in northern Aquitania.

iii. 20, 21.
spatium, -i, n., space, distance ; in-
terval, time, period, duration, nac-

tus spatium, having gained time

(v. 58). [space.
species, -iei, [cf. specio, look}, i.,

sight, show, appearance; pretence.

ad speciem, for show (i. 51).

[species.
specto, -are, -avi, -atus, [freq. of

specio, look}, I, look at, regard (i.

45; v. 29); have in view (C. in.

85); fa&t I" (*• 1; v. 13; vii. 69).

[spectacle.
speculator, -tSris, [speculor], m.,

spy, scout, [speculator.
speculatorius, -a, -um, [specula-
tor], adj., scouting, spying, specu-

latOrium navigfium, spy-boat (iv.

26). [speculatory.
speculor, -ari, -atus, [cf. specula,

watch-tower}, I, dep., spy out, spy.

i. 47. [speculate.
spSro, -are, -avi, -atus, [cf. sp6s],

I, hope, expect.



spes. spei, f., hope, expectation.

Spinther, -eris, m., (spin' ther), P.
Cornelius l.entulus Spinther, a
prominent adherent of Pompey in
the Civil War. C. in. 83.

spiritus, -us, [cf. spiro, breathe}, m.,
breath, air; pi., haughtiness, pride
(i. 33; ii. 4). [spirit.

spolio, -are, -avi, -atus, [spolium.
booty}, 1, strip, despoil, [spoil (verb).

spolium, -i, n., usually in pi., booty,
spoils. C. 11. 39. [spoil (noun).

sponte, abl., and spontis, gen., only
forms in use of an obsolete nom.
spons, f., of one's own accord, will-
ingly, sua sponte, of their own ac-
cord, of their own initiative (i. 44, vi.
14, C. III. 93) ; on their own account,
unaided (v. 28; vii. 65); by their
own influence (i. 9). [spontaneous.

stabilio, -ire, -ivi, -itus, [stabilis],
4, make steady; make fast (vii

73)-

stabilitas, -tatis, [stabilis], f.,
steadiness, iv. 33. [stability.

statim [sto], adv., on the spot; imme-
diately, at once, straightway.

statio, -onis, [cf. sto], f., outpost,
picket, guard ; reserves (v. 16). in
statione, on guard, [station.

statuo, -uere. -ui, -utus, [status].
3, set, place; determine, resolve;
judge, think, [statute.

statura, -ae, [cf. sto], f., height, stat-
ure, ii. 30; vi. 21. [stature.

status, -us, [st5], m., condition, posi-
tion, situation, [status.

stimulus, -i, m., goad ; pricker like
a goad (vii. 73, 82). [stimulus.

stipendiarius, -a, -um, [stipen-
dium], adj., tributary, subject to
payment of tribute (i. 30. 36). As
noun, stipendiarii. -6rum, m.. pi.,
tributaries, dependents (vii. 10).
[stipendiary.

stipendium, -i, [stipe, coin, cf.



stipes



109



subsidium



pend.5, weigh], n., tribute ; of sol-
diers,/^, [stipend.

stipes, -itis, m., stock of a tree, log.
vii. 73.

stirps, -is, f., stem ; stock, race (vi. 34).

sto, stare, steti, staturus, 1, stand,
stand upright (vi. 27); be posted, be
placed (v. 35, 43) ; abide by (vi.

13).

stramentum, -1, [cf. sternS, strew'],
n., thatch of houses (v. 43); pack-