Europe. Division of the plant, in spring ;
common sandy soil, and dry elevated positions ;
suited for steep rockworks .
M. musco'sa (mossy). . Purple. June. 1775.
sedifo'lia (Sedum-leaved). $. White, red.
June. 1823.
MO'HRIA. (Named after M. Mohr,
a German botanist. Nat. ord., Ferns
[Polypodiaceae] . Linn., ^-Cryptogamia
l-Filices.)
Greenhouse Fern. See Ferns.
M. thruri'fraga (frankincense). Brown, yellow.
June. Cape of Good Hope. 1842.
MOIST STOVE. A stove -with a moist
atmosphere. See Stove.
MOLDAVIAN PALM. Dracoce'phalum
molda' vicum.
MOLDENHAU'ERA (Named after I J.
Moldenliauer, a German botanist. Nat.
ord., Leguminous Plants [Fabaceee].
Linn., IQ-Decandria 1-Monogynia. Al-
lied to Swartzia.)
Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings of ripened
shoots, in sand, under a glass, in heat; rich
sandy loam. Winter temp., 50 to 55; sum-
mer, 60 to 75.
M.floribu'nda (many-flowered). YelloWi May.
Brazil. 1828.
MO'LTKIA. (Named after Count
Moltke, a Danish noble. Nat. ord.,
Borageworls [Boraginaceee]. Linn.,
5-Pentandria l-Monogynia. Allied to
Echium.)
Hardy herbaceous perennial. Division of the
plant, in spring ; rich sandy loam.
M. c#rw'/ea(blue). 1. Blue. April. Persia.
1829.
MOLUCCE'LLA. Molucca Balm. (From
Molucca, where the plants were sup-
posed to be natives. Nat. ord., Labiates
[Lamiaceee], Linn., \-Didynamia 1-
Gymnospermia. Allied to Phlomis.)
Hardy plants with purple flowers, flowering
in July. Tuberosa, by dividing the tubers in
spring and autumn. This, and also the others,
in
to
sandy
loam.
M. lee'vis (smooth). l. Syria. 1570.
Marrubia 1 strum (Marrubiastrum). 1. Syria.
1820.
tubero'sa (tuberous-roofed). 2. Tartary.
1796.
MOLY. A'llium mo'ly.
MONA'BDA. (Named after N. Mo-
nardez, a physician of Seville. Nat.
ord., Labiates [Lamiacete]. Linn.,
2-Diandria l-Monogynia. Allied to
Salvia.)
Hardy herbaceous perennials, all, but aris-
tata, natives of North America. Division of
the plant, in spring ; common soil.
M. amplexica'ulis (stem-embraced). 2. White,
pink. June. 1850.
arista' ta (awned). 2. Yellow. August.
South America . 1825.
Bradburia'na (Bradbury's). Pale red. June.
clinopo'dia (Basil-leaved). 2. Purple, white.
July. 1771.
di'dyma (twin. Oswego tea). 3. Scarlet.
July. 1752.
fistulo'sa (hollow-staged). 3. Purple. July.
1656.
flo 're-macula 'to (spotted-flowered) .
3. Rose, spotted. June. 1832.
mo'llis (soft). 2. Lilac. July.
1656.
gra'cilin (slender). 1$. Purple. July. 1820.
puncta't a (dotted). 2. Yellow, brown. Au-
gust. 1714.
Russellia'na (Russell's). 2. White. Sep.
tember. 1823.
MONAEDE'LLA. (A diminutive of
Monarda. Nat. ord., Labiates, or Lip-
worts [Lamiacese]. Linn., l^-Didy-
namia I-Gymnospermia. Allied to Ori-
ganum.)
Hardy herbaceous perennial. Division of the
plant, in spring ; common sandy soil, with a
little peat or leaf mould.
M.undula'ta(vf&vy). f. Violet. June. Cali-
fornia, 1848.
MONE'TIA. (Named after Monet dc
la March, a French botanist. Nat.
ord., Hollyworts [Aquifoliacese]. Linn.,
-Tetrandria l-Monogynia. Allied to
Pilnoa.)
Stove evergreen shrub. Cuttings of half-
ripened shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, and
in a mild bottom-heat ; sandy loam, and a little
fibry peat. Winter temp., 48 to 55 ; summer,
60 to 80.
M. barlerioi'des (Barleria - like). 3. Green.
July. East Indies. 1758.
MONEYWORT. Lysima'chia,
la'ria,
MON
[ 611 ]
MON
MONKEY-BREAD. Adanso'nia.
MONKEY-FLOWEK. Mi'multu.
MONK'S HOOD. Aconi'tum.
MONNI'NA. (Named after Monnino
Count de Flora Blanca, a Spanisl
patron of botany. Nat. ord., Milkwort
[Polygalacese]. Linn., ll-Diadelphi
3-Octandria. Allied to Muraltia.)
The bark of the root is used in Peru for soap
and the Peruvian ladies ascribe the beauty o
their hair to the use of it. Greenhouse ever
green shrubs. Seeds in March, in a gentle hot
bed ; cuttings of young side shoots, in April
under a bell-glass, and kept close, but damp
prevented ; sandy peat and fibry loam, Wintei
temp., 40 to 45.
M. m>te/H'<te(Crotalaria-like). 2. Purple
August. 1840.
(blunt-leaved). 12. Violet and
white. June. Peru. 1830.
MONOCHI'LUS. (From monos, one,
and cheilos, a lip ; the formation of the
flower. Nat. ord., Verbenes [Verbena-
ceae]. Linn., l-Didynamia 2-Angio-
spermia. Allied to Verbena.)
Stove tuber. Division of the tuberg when
in a dormant state ; sandy loam, a little fibry
peat, and leaf-mould. Temperature, when
growing, 55 to 75.
M. glozinifo'lius (Gloxinia-leaved). 1838.
MONOGEA'MMA. (From monos, one,
and gramma, writing ; referring to the
spore or seed-cases. Nat. ord., Ferns
[Polypodiacese]. Linn., 2-Cryptoqamia
l-FUices.)
Stove Ferns from the West Indies, with
brownish-yellow spores. See Ferns.
M.furca'ta (forked-teaweef). June. 1825.
grami'nea (Grass-leaved). June. 1830.
trichoi'dea (hair-like). June.
MONOLO'PIA. (From monolopns, one
covering ; referring to the flower cover-
ing. Nat. ord., Composites [ Asteracece] .
Linn., IQ-Syngenesia 2-Superflua. Al-
lied to Chrysanthemum.)
A pretty hardy annual, once called Helenium
Douglassii. Seeds, in mellow soil, in April.
M. ma'jor (greater). 3. Yellow. July. Cali-
fornia. 1834.
MONOME'EIA. (From monos, one,
and meris, a part. Nat. ord., Orchids
[Orchidaceae]. Linn., 20-Gynandrla
l-Monandria. Allied to Bulbophyllum.)
Stove orchids. Division, in spring or autumn ;
fibry peat, broken pots, and sphagnum. Win-
ter temp., 55 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 90.
M. barba'ta (bearded). Spotted. India. 1841.
ni'tida (shining). Mexico. 1841.
MONO'PSIS. (From monos, one, and
opsis, a face; the flowers being more
regular than is usual in the Nat. ord.,
Lobeliads [Lobelliaceee]. Linn., b-Pen-
tandria 1-Monogynia.)
A pretty little annual, once called Lobelia
speculum. Seeds, in a hotbed, in March j.
plants pricked off, hardened off, and transferred
to the open border at the end of May.
M. conspi'cua (conspicuous). . Blue. July.
Cape of Good Hope. 1812.
MONO'TOCA. (From monos, one, and
tokos, a birth ; the fruit, which is eat-
able, having only one seed. Nat. ord.,
Epacrlds [Epacridace]. Linn., b-Pen-
tandria l-Monogynia. Allied to Leuco-
pogon.)
Greenhouse, white-flowered evergreens, from
New South Wales. Cuttings of the points of
young shoots, in sand, over sandy soil, and
covered with a bell-glass, in May ; sandy peat,
and a little fibry loam. Winter temp., 40 to
48.
M. a'lba (white). 6. June. 1824.
elli'ptica (ov&l-leaoed). 8. June. 1802.
linea'ta (lined-/eawed). 6. June. 1804.
scopa'ria (Broom). 5. June. 1825.
MONSO'NIA. (Named after Lady A.
Monson. Nat. ord., Cranesbills [Gera-
niacese]. Linn., IQ-Monadelphia 7-
Dodecandria. Allied to Geranium.)
Greenhouse herbaceous perennials, except
ovata, which is biennial. All from the Cape of
ood Hope. Seeds, in a slight hotbed, in
spring, and transplanted ; cuttings, in spring
and autumn, under a hand-light ; division and
cuttings of the roots, in summer and autumn ;
sandy loam, and a little peat and leaf-mould ;
a cold pit or greenhouse in winter.
M. loba'ta (lobed-teawed). 1. Purple. May.
1774.
ova'ta (egg -leaved). 1. White. August.
1774.
pilo'sa (long-haired). 1. White. July. 1778.
Co'llce (Colla's). 1. Pale red. July.
1820.
specio'sa (showy). 1. Red. May. 1774.
pa'llida (pale). 1. Pale red. May.
MONTBEE'TTIA. (In honour of M.
Montbret. Nat. ord., Irids [Iridacese].
Linn., IQ-Monadelphia l-Triandria.)
A little Ixia-looking bulb, with yellow flow-
rs, from the Cape of Good Hope. Offsets;
andy loam, with a little peat or leaf-mould ;
'. not protected on a warm border, should be
ept during winter in a cold pit.
/. flexuo'sa (zig-zag) . May. 1803.
virga'ta (twiggy). May. 1825.
MONTEZU'MA. ( Named after a king
f Mexico. Nat. ord Sterculiads [Ster-
uliacese]. Linn., IQ-Monadelphia 7-
~>Qdecwndria. Allied to Cheiroetemon. )
MON
C 018 ]
MOB
Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of shoots i
getting firm, in land, under a glass, and in !
bottom- heat ; sandy loam and lumpy peat, j
Winter temp., 48 to 55 ; summer, 60 to 80.
jl/. speciosi'ssima (showiest). 30. Red. Mexico.
1827.
MOON-SEED. Afcnispe'iinum.
MOON-TREFOIL. Mcdica'f/o arlo'rea.
MooN-WoRT. Botry'chlnm.
MORJE'A. (Named after E. Moore,
an English botanist. Nat. ord., Irids
[Iridacere]. Linn., 3-Triandria l-Mo-
noi/ynia. Allied to Iris.)
These pretty bulbs, all from the Cape of Good
Hope, except where otherwise mentioned, re-
quire the same treatment as J>ia, which see.
M. angu'sta (narrow -leaved). $. Lilac. May.
1790.
barbi'gera (bearded). $. Purple. May.
1587-
bi 'color (two-coloured). 2. Yellow, dark.
June.
bitumino'sa (bituminous). 1. Yellow. May.
1787.
catenula'ta (chain-dotted). 1. White, blue.
May. Mauritius. 1826.
cilia' ta (hair-leaved), $. Yellow. September.
1587.
colli'na (hill). 2. Purple. May. 1/68.
cri'spa (curled). . Blue. May. 1803.
edu'lis (eatable). 4. Fulvous. May. 1/92.
e'leguns (elegant). lj. Vermilion. May.
1825.
exalta'ta (tall). 3. Vermilion. May. 1768.
fta'ccida (limp). l. Vermilion. May. 1810.
flexuo'sa (ziz~z&g). l. Yellow. May. 1803.
iridioi'des (Iris-like). . White, brown.
July. 1758.
linea'ta (lined-/eai>ed). 1. Vermilion. May.
1825.
longifo'lia (long- leaved). 3. Yellow. May.
1808.
Inngiflo'ra (long-flowered). ^. Yellow. May.
1801.
minia'ta (vermilion). 2. Vermilion. May.
1799.
minu'tu (small). J. Blue. June. 1825.
odo'ra (sweet-scented). 2. Lilac. May.
1792.
papillona'cea (butterfly). 4* Variegated.
May. 1795.
pluma'ria (feathered). 1. Yellow. May.
1825.
polysta'chya (many-spiked). 1. Yellow.
June. 1825.
porrifo'lia (Leek-leaved). 2. Vermilion.
May. 1825.
ramo'sa (branched). 3. Yellow. May. 1789.
seta'cea (bristly). $. Yellow. June. 1825.
Sisyri'nchium (Sisyrinchium). . Blue.
May. South Europe. 1597. Hardy.
spica'ta (spiked). 14. Yellow. May. 1785.
Tenoria'na (Tenor's). 1. Purple. May.
Naples. 1824. Hardy.
tri'stis (dull - coloured). J. Blue. June.
1768.
-rvirga'ta (twiggy). 1. Purple. May. 1825.
viscu'ria (clammy). 1. Lilac. May. 1800.
MORICA'NDIA. (Named after S. M-
ricand, an Italian botanist. Nat. ord.,
Crucifers [Brassicacero], Linn., lf>-
Tetr adynamia,}
Simple-looking hardy plants, but useful for
cut flowers in winter. Seed sown in the open
border in April.
M. arve'nsis (Field. Cabbage -flowered). 1$.
Violet. July. Europe. 1739. Biennial.
hesperidiflo'ra (Hesperis-flowered). 1. Pur-
ple. June. Egypt. 1837. Annual.
MORI'NA. (Named after L. Morin, a
French botanist. Nat. ord., Teuzelworts
[Dipsacese], Linn., 2-Diandria l-Mo~
noyynia.)
Strong, half-hardy, herbaceous plants, suited
for borders in summer. Seed, in a slight
hotbed, in April, and hardened off to suit a cool
greenhouse or sheltered borders ; also by divi-
sions, if the plant is saved over the winter.
M. longifo'lia (long-leaved). 3. Purple. July.
East Indies. 1839.
Pe'rsica (Persian). 3. Red, white. July.
Persia. 1740.
MORI' NBA. (From a corruption of
Moms Indicus, Indian Mulberry, in
reference to its fruit. Nat. ord., Cin-
chonads [Cinchonaceai]. Linn., 5-Pe-
tandria l.-Mono(jynlu. Allied to Guet-
tarda.)
Stove evergreen shrubs, with white flowers.
Cuttings of shoots nearly stopped growing, in
sand, under a bell-glass, in summer, and in a
nice bottom-heat ; sandy loam, peat, and leaf-*
mould. Winter temp., 48 to 58; summer,
70 to 80.
M . angustifo'lia (narrow - leaved). 6. May.
East Indies. 1U16.
bractea'ta (braeted). C. May. East Indies.
1810.
citrifo'lia (Citron-leaved). 8. East Indies.
1793.
jasminoi'des (Jasmine -like). Pale buff.
April. Point Jackson. 1823.
Royo'c (Royoc). 10. August. West Indies.
1793.
tincto'ria (dyers). June. Otaheitc. 1820.
umbella'ta (umbeled). June. East Indies.
1822.
MORI'NTGA. Horseradish-Tree. (From
morlngo, the Indian name. Nat. ord.,
Morlnyads [Moringaceffi]. Linn., 10-
Decandrla \-Monoyynia.}
The roots are used in India for horse-radish.
Stove evergreen yellow-flowered trees from the
East Indies. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots,
in sand, under a bell-glass, and in heat, in
I April or May ; sandy loam, and a little peat
! and leaf-mould. Winter temp,, 50 to 55;
i summer, 60 to 85.
M. a'ptera (wingless). 15. May. 1838.
polygo'na (many-angle-//-w7erf). 15. April.
1822. :"
pterygospe'-rma (winged-seeded). 20. 1759-
MOH
MOB
MORI'SIA. (Named after Professor
Moris. Nat. orcl., Crncifers [Brassica-
cese]. Linn., Ib-Tetradynamia.)
Seed sown where it is to remain ; cuttings,
under a hand-light, in summer, and division in
spring ; a pretty little thing for a knoll, or for
rockwork.
V.hypoga'a (fruit -burying). . Yellow. j
May. Sardinia. 1833.
MORISO'NIA. (Named after Professor
Morison, of Oxford. Nat. ord., Cajjpa-
rids [Capparidaceae]. Linn., IG-Mona-
dclphia 8-Polyandria. Allied to Cra-
tpeva.)
Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of the ripened
shoots, early in spring, under a glass, in sandy
soil and bottom-heat. Winter temp., 50 to
55 ; summer, 60 to 85.
M. America'na (American). 15. White. West
Indies. 1824.
MORMO'DES. (From mormo, a goblin ;
referring to the strange appearance of
the flowers. Nat. ord., Orchids [Or-
ehidaceee]. Linn., 2Q-Gy)iandria 1-
Monandria. Allied to Catasetum.)
Stove orchids. Division, and pieces cut off ;
rough pent, moss, and crocks, in shallow
baskets, or raised well above a pot. Winter
temp., 55 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 90.
j\I. aroma' ticum (aromatic). $. Pink. July.
Mexico. 1838.
atropurpu'reum (dark-purple). 2- Purple,
red. October. S. Main. 1834.
buccinator (trumpet). Yellowish - green.
April. La Guayra. 1835.
Carto'ni (Carton's). 1. Straw. July.
Santa Martha.
citri'num (yellow). Yellow. Mexico. 183/.
linea'tnm (streaked). 1. Yellow, crimson.
March. Guatemala. 1836.
luxa'tum (dislocated). 1. Straw. August.
Mexico. 1842.
pardl'num (panther). Yellow, red. July.
Oxaca. 1837.
uni'color (one-coloured). Yellow.
September. Mexico. 1843.
ro'sco-a'lbum (rose and white). White, rose.
llusscllia'num (Duke of Bedford). Green.
August. Guatemala. 1838.
Mo'ux.Y. (Named after Morna, one
of Ossian's heroines. Nat. ord., Com-
posites [Asteracece]. Linn., ID-Synye-
nesia 1-sEqitalis. Allied to Podolopsis.)
Greenhouse plants, with yellow flowers, from
Swan River. Nitida, an evergreen, may be
propagated by cuttings, under a bell-glass, and
both are easily raised from seed, sown either in
September or March, but in both cases the
plants must be kept in light soil, and well
drained, or they will damp off. The autumn-
sown ones will bloom in the greenhouse early
in spring and summer ; the spring-sown ones
late in summer, and the beginning of autumn.
If it is desirable to try them out of doors, they
should not be planted out far north of London,
until the middle of June.
M. ni'tida (beautiful). 2. February. 1835.
ni'vea (snowy). 1|. July. 1836.
MORONO'DEA. From moronobo, the
native name. Nat. ord., Gtittifers
[ Clusiacese] . Linn., 1 8 Poly add phia
%-Polyandria.}
Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of the
ripened shoots, with all the leaves except those
at the lower joint, in sand, in heat, and under
a bell-glass ; sandy loam and lumpy dried leaf-
mould. Winter temp., 50 to 55; summer,
60 to 85.
M. cocci'nea (scarlet -powered). 40. Guiana.
1825.
MORTON-BAY CHESNUT. Castano-
spe'rmum.
MO'KUS. Mulberry. (From wor, the
Celtic for black ; referring to the colour
of the fruit. Nat. ord., Morads [Mo-
raceae]. Linn., %1-Moncecia 4-7Wra/j-
tfito.)
Seeds, layers, cuttings, and truncheons ; in
fact you can scarcely fail to propagate the"
mulberry, as pieces of the roots, branches, and
even the stem, if stuck into the ground in a de-
ciduous state, will grow more easily than a
gooseberry cutting ; deep sandy, or calcareous
loam. Of the hardy kinds, Niffra is the hardiest,
grown chiefly for its fruit. Alba is more tender,
grown chiefly for its leaves for feeding the silk-
worm.
STOVE EVERGREEN TREES.
M. I'ndica (Indian). 20. East Indies. 1820.
Mauritia'nu (Mauritian). 20. Mauritius.
1823.
HARDY DECIDUOUS TREES, etc.
M. a'lba (white). 30. June. China. 1596.
Columba'ssa, (Columba).
Ita'lic((( Italian). 20. June. Italy*
1817.
macrophy'lld (large - leaved). 30.
June. China.
membrana'cca (membranous).
Morettia'na (Moretti's). June.
multicuu'lis (many-stemmed). June.
China.
nervo'sa (nerved). June. China.
pu'mila (d\Varf). 10. June. China.
-^ fioma'na (Roman).
ra'sea (Rose-like). 20. June. China;
Sine'nsis (Chinese). 20.
ca'lcur-ga'lli (cock-spur). New South Wales.
1830. Evergreen.
ConAtantinopolita'na (Constantinople). 15;
June. Turkey. 1818.
ni'gra (common-black). 20. June. Italy.
1548.
lacinia' (a (cut -leaved). 30. June;
ru'bra (red). 10. June. North America.
1629.
sea 1 bra (rough). 20. Juno. North America.
1817.
MOB
MOS
AT. Tata'rica (Tartarian). 20. June. Tartary.
1/84.
Mulberry (M. nigra*) Culture.
Propagation : By Cuttings. In for-
mer days this operation was much cir-
cumscribed, heing limited to the cut-
tings of the young shoots, as in currants.
Truncheons of considerable size may,
and, indeed, ought to be used. These
strike with facility by ordinary means,
especially in the deciduous state; and
put in the soil in the autumn, leaving
only a bud or two exposed.
If Truncheons of some size are used,
let them be taken from the tree in the
beginning of February ; and being in-
serted a foot deep, in a situation where
neither direct sunshine nor wind can
freely penetrate, envelope their stems
above the ground-level with moss, all
but the upper pair of buds, in order to
prevent evaporation.
By Layers. The shoots of the pre-
vious year are generally selected for
this purpose ; and may be either slit,
or ringed, although they will root with-
out. This being performed in Novem-
ber, or in February, the young plants will
be ready to be removed from the parent
plant in twelvemonths, when they may
be placed in the nursery for two years,
by which time they will be fit for
their permanent situations : care being
taken to train them carefully to stems,
as ordinary standard fruit-trees.
By Grafting. Ordinary grafting, as
in the apple, is not a very safe mode ;
but inarching, or grafting by approach,
is quite eligible. This is performed
exactly as in other trees, and will pro-
duce strong plants in a short time.
By Seeds. This practice is seldom
resorted to, but may prove interesting
to some. The seed being washed from
the pulp as soon as ripe, and dried,
may be preserved through the winter
in dry sand, and sowed in the succeed-
ing February. A slight bottom-heat
will facilitate the progress of the seed-
lings, but they may be safely reared
without, by aifording a regular but not
excessive supply of moisture, with a
partial deprivation of light for awhile.
They will need the ordinary routine of
transplanting, &c., afterwards.
Culture during the grouting period.
In the standard state little or nothing
can be done; but those trained on walls
or fences must have some assistance.
It must be kept in view, that the mul-
berry produces fruit both on short-
jointed young wood and on spurs ; and
that fruit must not be looked for from
luxuriant shoots. The summer's dress-
ing must consist in thinning-out and
stopping the grosser shoots in crowded
situations, observing a regularity in
their distances for the admission of
sunlight. We would advise much stop-
ping in preference to much disbudding,
as such parts may form a nucleus for
future spurs ; and if they turn out
barren, it will be easy to remove them
totally in the succeeding year. The
mulberry, when trained, will extend a
great way ; and regular training, as the
shoots extend, must be practised.
Culture during the rest period. Some
pruning is occasionally of benefit, even
to standard trees, but it can be merely
thinning-out cross- shoots on those
parts of the tree which are too crowded.
The shady side of the tree, too, may
be kept thinner than the sunny side ;
and watery spray springing from the
branches in the interior may be re-
moved. Those trained, must have
superfluous shoots and barren snags
or spurs removed, but no shortening
back is necessary.
Soil. Any ordinary garden or field
soil will do for them, if not too clayey ;
for they rather prefer an upland or
mellow soil, which should be of a gene-
rous character, but riot enriched with
manures until they get rather old and
cease producing luxuriant wood, when
a rich mellow compost, as top-dressing
occasionally, will much benefit them.
Forcing. The mulberry bears forc-
ing excellently, and Avill ripen its fruit
early in June. It will bear a very high
temperature. It may also be grown of
a dwarf size in pots, and be thus forced.
MOSCHA'EIA. (From moschos, musk;
a musk -smelling plant. Nat. ord.,
Composites [Asteracene]. Linn., 15) -
Synyenesia l-&qualis.}
Hardy annual. Seeds, in a slight hotbed, in
April ; seedlings harden off and transplant in
open borders in May.
M, pinnati'fida (leaflet-cut-teaverf). . July.
Chili. 1823.
MOS
C 615 ]
MOW
MOSCHO'SMA. (From moschos, musk,
and osme, smell. Nat. ord., Labiates
[Lamiacese]. Linn., l-i-Didynamia l-
Gymnospermia. Allied to Ocymum.)
Tender annual. Seeds, in a hotbed, in be-
ginning of April ; seedlings potted and grown
in greenhouse in summer, or placed in the open
border in June, in a sheltered place ; light, rich,
sandy soil.
M. ocymoi'des (Ocymum -like). !. White.
August. 1823.
Moss is useful to the gardener for
packing round the roots of plants; and
even some bulbous roots and orchids
are cultivated in it ; but when it infests
the trunks of trees, or our lawns, it is
one of the gardener's pests.
Mossy lawns are on a soil which is
unable to support a greensward of
grass. When soil is exhausted, grasses
begin to die off, and their place is taken
by moss. The obvious mode, then, of
proceeding, is to give the lawn a good
top-dressing in winter, either of malt-
dust, or nitrate of soda, or soot, or any
manure containing an abundance of
alkali. The gardener finds the growth
of moss arrested by frequent raking in
wet weather, or by the application of
pounded oyster-shells ; but these are
mere palliatives, and not remedies.
Make your grass healthy, and it will
soon smother the moss.
The most effectual, most salutary,
and least disagreeable remedy for moss
on trees is of trivial expense, and which
a gardener need but try upon one in-
dividual to insure its adoption. It is
with a hard scrubbing-brush, dipped in
a strong brine of common salt, as often
as necessary to insure each portion of
the bark being moistened with it, to
scrub the trunks and branches of his
trees, at least, every second year. It
most effectually destroys insects of all
kinds, and moss ; and the stimulating
influence of the application, and the
friction, are productive of the most
beneficial effects. The expense is not
so much as that of dressing the trunks
with a solution of lime, which, however
efficient in the destruction of moss, is
not so in the removal of insects, and is
highly injurious to the trees, by filling
up the respiratory pores of the epi-
dermis, and is decidedly a promoter of
canker.
On gravel tvalks, a strong solution of
sulphate of copper (blue vitriol) has
been found the most effectual destroyer
of moss.
MOTH. Vcrba'scum blatta'ria.
MOTHEEWOET. Leono'tis.
MOTHS, of most kinds, are the pa-
rents of caterpillars preying upon some
plant under the gardener's care, and
should be destroyed whenever dis
covered.
MOTTLED UMBEE MOTH. Geome'tra.
MOULDINESS is the common term
applied to that crop of fungi which
appears on moist putrescent vegetable
matters. These fungi are Mucores, and
are effectually destroyed whenever com-
mon salt or sulphur can be applied.
MOUNTAIN ASH. Py'rus aucupa'ria.
MOUNTAIN EBONY. Bauhi'nia.
MOUSE-EAR. Hiera'cium stoloni'fe-
rum.
MOUSE THOEN. Centa'urca myaca'n-
tha.
MOWING is, next to digging, the most
laborious of the gardener's employ-
ments ; and requires much practice, as
well as an extremely sharp scythe, be-
fore he can attain to the art of shaving
the lawn or grass-plot smoothly and
equally. A mowing machine has been
invented by Mr. Budding and others,
and is represented in this outline. It
cuts, collects, and rolls the grass at the
same time, and is better than the scythe
for mossy lawns.
Mowing is most easily performed
whilst the blades of grass are wet, as
they then cling to the scythe, and are