borders; and in stirring and fresh
earthing the surface of beds occasion-
ally, between close placed plants of
long standing ; planting and transplant-
ing many sorts, both in the ground
and in the pots.
The Small Spade. Size ten or twelve
inches long in the plate, and five or
six wide. It is convenient in pointing-
up or slight digging, and fresh earth-
ing the surface between close rows of
small plants, in beds and borders, &c.,
where neither of the two former spades
can be readily introduced ; likewise in
planting and potting many sorts of
small plants, taking up small roots,
and for other light purposes. Proper
garden spades have the plate wholly
of iron, not above a quarter-of-an-inch
thick upwards, growing gradually thin-
ner from the middle downward, the
tree or handle being generally of ash,
about two feet-and-a-half long and an
inch-and-a-half thick, with a firm open
handle at top, formed out of the solid
wood, just big enough to admit of taking
ready hold, one hand at top and the
other below, and with an iron rivet
through it to prevent it splitting. Semi-
circular or Scooped Spade, has the plate
made semicircular like a garden troAvel,
and is very useful in taking up plants
with balls of earth to preserve them
more firmly about the roots. Foster
of Stourbridge, and Lyddon of Birming-
ham, make very improved spades,
wearing with a good edge throughout.
SPADO'STYLES. (Derivation not ex-
plained. Nat. orcl., Leguminous Plants
! [Fabaceee], Linn., iO-Decandrin 1-
| Monogynia. Allied to Pultemvn.)
Greenhouse evergreen shrub. For culture
i see Pultencea.
, S. Sie'beri (Sieber's). 2. Yellow. May. New
South Wales. 1824.
SPANISH BROOM. Spa'rfiumji/'ncciim.
SPANISH GARLIC, See Rocambole.
SPANISH NUT. Morce'a Sisyri'nchium.
SPA
[ 837 ]
SPA
SPANISH VIPER'S GEASS. Scorzone'ra.
SPAKA'XIS. (From sparasso, to tear ;
lacerated spathes. Nat. ord., Irids
[Iridacese]. Linn., B-Triandria \-Mo-
nogynla. Allied to Ixia.)
Pretty little bulbs from the Cape of Good
Hope. For culture see Ixia.
S. anemoniflo'ra (Anemone - flowered). $.
White. June. 1825.
bi'color (two-coloured). . Blue, yellow.
March. 1/86.
bla'nda (pleasing). Pink. May. 1811.
bulbi'fera (bulb-bearing), g. Violet. May.
1758.
fra'grans (sweet-scented). 3. Yellow. June.
1825.
grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). |. Purple.
April. 1758.
Wa'go (Lily -flowered). |.
White. April. 1758.
stria' ta (streaked). $. Va-
riegated. April. 1758.
linea'ta (//m/c-lined). . White, pink. April.
^-pe'ndula (drooping). 1. Dark pink. June.
1825.
stella 1 r is (starry-cowered). 1. Purple.
June. 1836.
tri' color (three-coloured). 1. Orange. May.
1789-
ro'seo-a'lba (red- and- white). 1.
Pink. April. 1811.
sangui'neo - purpu'rea (bloody-
purple). 1. Red. April. 1811.
viola' ceo -purpu'rea (violet-purple).
Violet, purple. April. 1811.
versi' 'color (parti-coloured). . Purple,
yellow. September. 1825.
Wa'ttii (Watt's). Violet, lemon-streaked.
August.
SPAEMA'NNIA. (Named after A. Spar-
mann, a Swedish, botanist. Nat. ord.,
Lindenblooms [Tiliacese]. Linn., 13-
Polyandria l-Monogynia.)
A fine old greenhouse evergreen shrub. Cut-
tings of young shoots, in April ; loam and a
little peat. Winter temp., 38 to 48.
S. Africa'na (African). 10. White. May. C.
of G. Hope. 1790.
SPA'KTIUM. Spanish Broom. (From
spartan, cordage ; alluding to the flex-
ible shoots. Nat. ord., Leguminous
Plants [Fabacese]. Linn., W-Mona-
dclphia (i-Dccandria. Allied to Genista.)
Hardy herbaceous, yellow-flowered, shrubs.
Generally by seeds, but cuttings will strike
freely in summer, under a hand-light ; and this
is the best mode for securing a particular
variety. They should be planted out young, or
be frequently moved, as they make long naked
stems ; common light soil.
S. acutifo'lium (sharp-leaved). 6. August.
Turkey. 1836.
ju'nceum (Rush-leaved}. 6. August. S.
Europe. 1548.
flo're-ple'no (double-flowered). 6.
August. S. Europe. 1548.
S.fu'nceum odorati'ssimum (sweetest-scented).
4. July. Persia. 1834.
SPARTOTHA'MNTTS. (From spartan,
cordage, and thamnos^ a shrub ; its
flexible shoots. Nat. ord., Myoporads
[Myoporacese]. Linn., I-Didynamia
2-Angiospermia.')
Greenhouse evergreen shrub. Cuttings of
young shoots, under a bell-glass, in sandy soil ;
sanely fibry peat, and lumpy loam. Winter
temp., 38 to 45.
S.ju'nceus (rushy). 3. White. August.
Australia. 1819.
SPATALA'NTHUS. (From spatalos, de-
licate, and anthos, a flower. Nat. ord.,
Irids [Iridacese]. Linn., IQ-Monadel-
phia 1-Triandria. Allied to Tricho-
nema.)
A very rare and delicate Cape bulb, requiring
one-half sand and one-half good turfy peat, in
a well- drained pot, after the manner of Ixias,
S. specio 'sus (showy). . C. of G.Hope. 1825.
SPATA'LLA. (From spatall, wanton-
ness ; application not obvious. Nat.
ord., Proteads [Proteacese]. Linn., 4-
Tetrandria l-Monogynia.)
Greenhouse, purple - flowered, evergreens,
from the Cape of Good Hope. Cuttings of ripe
young shoots, in sand, under a bell glass, and
kept cool; sandy fibry loam, with pieces of
charcoal and freestone ; drainage and watering
very particularly attended to. Winter temp.,
38 to 45. Pots defended from sun in summer.
S. bractea'ta (bracted). 3. June. 1806.
brevifo'lia (short-leaved). !. July. 1823.
cauda'ta (tailed). 2. June. 1812.
incu'rva (cuiled-in-leaved). 2j. May, 1789-
mo'llis (soft). 2. June. 1826.
ni'vea (white). 2. June. 1806.
peduncula'ta (frwg-flower-stalked). April.
1822.
proli'fera (proliferous). 1$. July. 1800.
pyramida'lis (pyramidal) . June. 1821.
ramulo'sa (twiggy-branched). 3. August.
1787-
Thunbe'rgn (Thunberg's). 3. May. 1806.
SPATHE'LIA. (From spathe, a sheath,
I or spathe as in the Palm-tree ; resem-
| blance. Nat. ord Xanthoxyls [Xan-
thoxylacese] . Linn., 5-Pentandria 3-
Trigijnia. Allied to Ailanthus.)
Stove evergreen tree. Cuttings of ripened
shoots, in sand, under a glass, in heat ; loam
and peat. Winter temp., 50 to 60 ; summer,
60 to 85.
S. si'mplex (simple). 40. Red. Jamaica. 1778.
SPATHIC A'RPA. (From spathe, a sheath,
! or spathe, and karpos, a fruit ; the
j spadix or flower-stem fruiting in the
I sheath. Nat. ord., Arads [Aracese].
SPA
[ 838 ] SPH
Linn., Sl-Monada l-He^iandria. Al-
lied to Caladium.)
Stove herbaceous perennial. Division of the
plant; loam and peat. Winter temp., 50 to
CO" ; summer, 60 to 80.
5. Aas/o'taz(halbert-leaved). White. July.
S. America.
SPATHO'DEA. (From spat lie, a sheath ;
sheath, or spathe-like calyx. Nat. ord.,
Biynoniads [Bignoniacere]. Linn., 14-
Didynamia 2-Atif/iospermla.)
Cuttings of side-shoots, three or four inches
in length, taken off with a heel, as growth is
proceeding, in spring, inserted thinly, in sand,
under a bell-glass, and in a sweet bottom-heat ;
peat and loam. Winter temp., 50 to 60 ;
summer, 60 to 80.
STOVE EVERGREEN CLIMBERS.
S.fraxinifo'lia (Ash - leaved). 10. Caraccas.
1822.
unca'ta (hooked). 10. Yellow. Guiana. 1804.
STOVE EVERGREEN TREES.
S. corymbo'sa (corymbed). 6. Yellow. Tri-
nidad. 1824.
la:' vis (smooth). 12. Purple. Guinea. 1825.
longifio'ra (long-flowered). 12. Red. East
Indies. 1810.
penta'ndra (five*anthered). 20. Yellowish.
June. India.
Rhce'dii (Rheede's). 16. Cream. East
Indies. 1794.
Roxbu'rghii (Roxburgh's). 12. Pink. East
Indies. 1820.
SPATHOGLO'TTIS. (From spathe, a
sheath, and (/lottis, a tongue. Nat. ord.,
Orchids [Orchidacese], Linn., 20- Gy-
nandria 1-Monandria. Allied to Eletia.)
Stove Orchids, grown in pots. See Orchids.
S. Fo'rtuni (Fortune's). . Yellow. August.
Hong Kong. 1844.
^-plica'ta (plaited). Purple. Penang. 1843.
SPAWN is the white thready matter
produced in the soil by mushrooms,
and hy which they are propagated. It
is doubtful whether it arises from their
seed, or whether it is a mass of under-
ground runners. See Mushroom.
SPECULA 'RIA. (From the ancient
name Speculum Veneris, or Venus 's
Looking-glass. Nat. ord., Bellworts
[ Campari ulacea?]. Linn., b-Pentandria
1-Monogynia.)
Annuals, and all others, by seeds, in pans, in
a bed, under glass, in March and April ;
division of the herbaceous kinds, in spring, and
cuttings of young shoots, under a hand-light,
in a shady place, in summer ; cuttings of
shrubby kinds, under a glass, in sandy soil, in
April; sandy loam, with a little peat, or re-
duced dried leaf-mould, for shrubby. Winter
temp., 40 to 48.
GREENHOUSE EVERGEEENS.
S. diffu'sus (spreading). Blue. August. Cape
of Good Hope. 1787.
ffutico'sus (shrubby). 1. Blue. August.
Cape of Good Hope. 1/87.
June.
GREENHOUSE HERBACEOUS.
S. interru'ptus (interrupted). 1. Blue.
Cape of Good Hope. 1S18.
ni'tidus (shining). . White. June. Cape of
Good Hope. 1787.
HARDY ANNUALS.
I S.biflo'ra (two-flowered). 1. Blue. June.
Russia. 1836.
falca'ta (sickle-petaled) . $. Rose. July.
Mediterranean. 1820.
hy'brida (hybrid). 1. Rose. July. England.
' pentago'nia (five-angled). 1. Blue. July.
Levant. 1686.
perfolia'ta (leaf-stem-pierced). 1. Blue.
: July. North America. 1680.
spe'culum (P r e/w.>Vlooking-glass). 1. Green,
white. July. South Europe. 1596.
catyci'na (tergr-calyxed). July.
Iberia.
- Liba'nica (Libanian). July.
- 2iube'scens (downy). July. France.
SPEEDWELL. Vcro'nica.
SPENNE'RA. ( Named after M, Spenn cr,
a German botanist. Nat. ord., Melas-
lomads [Melastomacea^]. Linn., 8-Oct-
atulrial-Monoyynia. Allied to Rhexia.)
Stove evergreens. Seeds, and cuttings of the
young shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, and
in heat; sandy peat and fibry loam. Winter
temp., 50 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 85. Aciotis
afjuatica should be added to this genus.
: 5. fra'gilis (brittle). 3. White. June. Tri-
nidad. 1822.
glandulo'sa ( glanded) . i. White. March.
Guiana. 1824.
paludo'sa (marsh). J. Rose. June. Brazil.
1825.
pendulifo'lia (hanging -leaved). . Rose.
March. Guiana. 1826.
SPERMADI'CTYON is Hamilto'nla azu'-
rca. 4. Pale blue. January. Nepaul.
SPERMA'XYEUM is O'lax sir i' eta. 4.
White. New Holland. 1820.
SPH^RA'LCEA. (From sphaira, a globe,
and alcea, the Marsli Mallow; the seed-
\>ods, or carpels, in globular heads.
Nat. ord., Mallow-worts [Malvaceiv].
Linn., \(>-Monaddphia$-Polyyijnia. Al-
lied to Mallow.)
Annuals, by seed, in a hotbed, in April,
Slanted out at the beginning of June ; -shrubs,
y cuttings of young shoots, in sandy soil, under
;i hand-light, in summer ; loam and peat.
Winter temp., 40 to 48.
S.abutiloi'des (Abutilon- like). 4. Purple.
August. Bahamas. 1725.
SPH
[ 839 ]
SPI
.S'. ungustifo'lia (narrow -leaved). 8. Pink, j
August. Mexico. 1780.
Carol! nia'na (Carolina). 1. Dark red. Au- |
gust. South America. 1/23.
decu'mbens (lying -down). 1. Red. April. '
South America. 1815.
e'legans (elegant). 3. Red. July. Cape j
of Good Hope. 1791'
obtusi'loba (blunt-lobed). 4. Purple. July.
Chili. 1827.
prostra'ta (trailing). 1. Red. July. Brazil.
umbella'ta (umbelled). 4. Violet. April. \
New Spain. lbi4.
SPH^EROSTE'MA. (From sphairu, a !
globe, and sterna, a stamen ; stamens
collected into close clusters. Nat. ord.,
Kadsurads [Schizandraceffi]. Linn.,
'l'2-Dlcecla V-l-Jcosandria.')
Stove evergreen climber. Cuttings of half-
ripened shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, and
in bottom-heat ; sandy fibry peat, fibry loam,
with a little charcoal and broken pots, and i
well-drained. Winter temp., 45 ; summer,
60 to 80. A lower temperature even might be |
tried in winter, if the wood was well-ripened.
S. propi'nquum (related). 10. Yellow. July.
Nepaul. 1828.
SPEUEROSTI'GMA. (From uphalrtt, a
globe, and stigma, the female organ.
Nat. ord., Onagrads [Onagraceee]. Linn.,
ti-Octandria l-Monogi/nia. Allied to
CEnothera.)
Hardy biennials and annuals. By seeds in
the open border, in April. Cheiranthifolium
by cuttings of young shoots in spring.
S. Chamisso'nis (Chamisso's). 1. Yellow. ;
August. Russia. 183". Annual.
cheiranthifo'lium (Wallflower-leaved). Yel- i
low. June. Chili. 1820. Half-hardy j
evergreen.
hi'rtum (hairy). . Yellow. August, i
Russia. 1836. Biennial.
minutiflo'rum (small-flowered). 1. Yellow. !
August. Russia. 1837. Annual.
SPHENO'GYNE. (From sphcn, a wedge, |
and gyne, female organ ; the shape of
pistil. Nat. ord., Composites [Astera-
ceae]. Linn., IQ-Syngenesla 3-Frus-
tmnea.}
All yellow-flowered, and natives of the Cape
of Good Hope. Annuals by seed, under pro-
tection, in April, or in the open border in the '
end of May ; shrubs by cuttings of young
shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, in a cool
pit, in May; loam and peat, sandy and fibry.
Winter temp., 40 to 45.
HARDY ANNUALS.
S. Anthemoi'des (Chamomile-like) . $. August.
1774.
foenicula' cea ( Fennel- leaved). 1. August. ,
1825.
leucanthemoi'des (Leucantha-like), 4. Au-
gust. 1825. ;
specio : stt (showy).
1830'.
Julv. S. America.
GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS.
S. Abfotanifo'lia, (Southernwood-leaved;. 1.
July. 1/89-
crithmifo'lia (Samphire-leaved). 1. July,
1/68.
denta'ta (tooth- leaved). Ij. June. 1/8".
odora'ta (sweet-scented). 1. May. 17/4.
pili'fera (hairy). !. December. 1821.
srario'sa (membranous). 1. June. 17/4.
serratu (saw-edged). June. 1826.
SPHENO'TOMA. (From sphcnoo, to
cleave, and tome, a section ; limb or
border of the flower deeply cut. Nat.
ord., Epacrids [Epacridacece]. Linn.,
~i-Pentandrla \-Monocjynla. Allied to
Dracophyllum.)
Greenhouse, white-flowered, evergreens, from
New Holland. Cuttings of young shoots when
a couple of inches in length, provided they are
getting a little firm at the base, in sand, under
a bell-glass, in spring; sandy fibry peat, with a.
little charcoal. Winter temp., 38 to 45;
might be tried in a very sheltered rockwork,
among peat and broken free-stone.
5. capita'tum (head-spiked) . 1. April. 1830.
gra'cile (slender), f . May. 1823.
SPIDERWORT. Tradcsca'ntia.
SPIELMA'NNIA. (Named after J. It.
Spielmahn, a German botanist. Nat.
ord., Verbencs [Verbenacese]. Linn.,
\-L-Didynamia 'Z-Angiospermia. Alliance
near to Lantana.)
Greenhouse evergreen shrub. Cuttings of
young shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, at
any time except winter ; sandy loam and leaf-
mould. Winter temp., 38 to 45.
S. Africa'na (African). 3. White. July. C.
of Good Hope. 1710.
SPIGE'LIA. Worm Grass. (Named
after A. Spigelhts, a botanist at Padua.
Nat. ord., Loyaniads [Loganiaceffi].-
Linn., b-Pentundria \-Monoyynia.)
Annual, by seed under the usual treatment ;
hardy herbaceous, by seed and division of the
roots ; loam and peat.
S. Anthe'lmia (Anthelmia). ij. Red. July.
S.America. 1759. Stove annual.
marila'ndica (Maryland;. 1. Scarlet. July.
N. America. 1694. Hardy herbaceous.
SPINACH. Splna'cea olera'cea.
There are the Round-leaved orsnuwtli-
xcvdcdi and the triangular-leaved or
prickly-seeded. The first, being the.
most succulent, is employed for the
spring and summer crops, and the
latter for autumn and winter. The
Lettuce-leaved, and the Flanders, arc
hardy for a winter crop, and by much
the best.
SPI
[ 840 ]
SPI
Soil. For the round-leaved variety,
a rich, light, moist loam in an open
situation is preferable ; but for the
triangular-leaved, and other winter va-
rieties, a light moderately fertile and
dry border. The earth should always
be well pulverized at the time of dig-
ging, and the soil for the summer crops
cannot be too rich. Liquid manure is
highly beneficial to them, and when
made of blood and the most fertilizing
matters, the greater the benefit.
Sow of the round-leaved variety at
the close of January, in a warm situa-
tion, to be repeated in larger, but still
small breadths, at the commencement
and end of February, and to be con-
tinued every three weeks, until the
middle of April, when it must be per-
formed once a week until the close of
May, and then once a fortnight till the
end of July. In August sow at inter-
vals of three weeks, until the early part
of September. Sow thinly in drills
half-an-inch deep and a foot apart.
The sowing should be in showery
weather, otherwise an occasional water-
ing must be given ; for if there is a
deficiency of moisture during the first
grades of vegetation, not half of the
seedlings will come up ; the triangular-
leaved plants must be thinned to four
or five inches apart, and the round-
leaved to eight. Thin by degrees,
separating them at first only an inch
or two, as the plants of the several
thinnings are fit for use. The thin-
ning ought to commence when they
have attained four leaves about an inch
in breadth. Eegular gathering pro-
motes the health of the plants. The
outer leaves only should be gathered
at a time, the centre being left unin-
jured to produce successional crops.
This direction applies chiefly to the
winter standing crops, those of the
summer may be cut off close to the
root.
To obtain Seed. A sowing of each
variety may be made in February or
March, according to the openness of
the season, or of the round-leaved va-
riety some plants of a regular crop may
be allowed to run up in April or May ;
and of the triangular-leaved, some
plants of the winter standing crops
may be transplanted in March. Set
them twelve inches apart. Spinach is
dioecious, and many ignorant persons,
perceiving some of the plants to have
no appearance of bearing seed, advise
these to be pulled up, but they are
the male-bearing plants, without which
the others would be unfruitful. If,
however, they are very numerous, some
of them may be removed with benefit
to those that remain, care being taken
that some are left in every part of the
bed. When the seed is set the male
plants may be entirely removed. When
the seed is ripe in July or August, the
plants ought to be pulled up and laid
to dry thoroughly on a cloth, previously
to its being beaten out and stored.
SPINA'CIA. Spinach. (From spinet,
a prickle ; seeds prickly. Nat. ord.,
Chenopods [Chenopodiacea?]. Linn.,
22-Dicecia 5-Pentandria.)
Hardy green-flowered annual. See Spinach.
S. olera'cea (potherb). l. June. 1568.
gla'bra (smooth-seeded) . l. June.
spino'sa (prickly -seeded). l. June.
SPINDLE -TKEE. Euo'nymus.
SPIRE'A. (From speira, anything
wreathed ; the flowering branches used
in garlands. Nat. ord., Eoseworts
[Rosaceaj]. Linn., l'2-Icosandria 2-Di-
pentagynia.)
All white-flowered, except where otherwise
mentioned. Herbaceous and tuberous, by
division of the plant, in spring ; shrubs, by
cuttings, layers, and suckers ; good garden soil.
HARDY TUBEROUS-BOOTED.
S. filipe'ndula (Dropwort). 2. September.
Britain.
mi' nor (smaller). l. August.
Europe.
I pube'scens (downy). 1$. August.
France.
HARDY HERBACEOUS.
S. aru'ncus (Goafs-beard). 4. June. Siberia.
1633.
America'na (American). 4. June.
North America.
barba'ta (bearded). 4. June. Nepaul.
J835.
denuda'ta. (naked). July. South Europe.
digita'ta (hand - leaved). 2. Red. July.
Siberia. 1823.
loba'ta (lobed). 2. Red. July. North
America. 1765.
palma'ta (h&nd-leaved). 2. Red. July.
China. 1823.
rotundifo'lia (round-leaved) . June. Cash-
mere. 1840.
Ulma'ria (Meadow Sweet). 2. August.
Britain.
SPI
C
SPI
S. ulma'ria mu'ltiplex (double - flowered). 2.
August. Britain.
- variega'ta (variegated). 2. July.
Britain.
ulmifo'lia (Elm-leaved). 3. June. Carniola.
1790.
- phylla'ntha (leafy). 3. June.
Urale'nsis (Uralian). 4. April. Uralia. 181?.
vacciniifo' lia (Whortle-berry-leaved). July.
India. 1820.
HAEDY DECIDUOUS SHEUBS.
5. acutifo'lia (acute-leaved). 4. May. Siberia.
1817.
Alpi'na (Alpine). 3. July. Siberia. 1806.
arge'ntea (silvery). Nepaul.
arieefo'lia (White- Beam-leaved). 8. June.
North America. 1827.
be'lla (pretty). 2. Red. July. Nepaul. 1820.
betulifo'lia (Birch-leaved). 2. Pink. June.
North America. 1812.
ca'na (hoary). l. June. Hungary. 1825.
capita'ta (headed). 3. June. Columbia. 1827.
ceanothifo'lia (Ceanothus-leaved). 2. June.
1823.
chamcedrifo'lia (Germander - leaved). 4.
June. Siberia. 1789.
- - inci'sa (cut - leaved). !<.
June. Germany.
me'dia (intermediate). l.
1 S.pube'scens (downy). 5. March. Chusan.
1843.
! salicifo'lia (Willow-leaved). 5. July. Bri-
tain.
j Alpe'stris (Alpine). 5. July.
Russia. 1820.
ca'rnea (flesh-coloured). 5. Flesh.
July. Britain.
i grandiflo'ra (large- flowered). 4.
Pink. July. Kamtschatka. 1827.
latifo'lia (broad-leaved). 5. July.
Europe.
panicula'ta (panicled).
June. Germany.
oblongifo'lia (oblong-leaved).
3. June. Hungary. 1816.
subracemo'sa (subracemed).
June.
vulga'ris (common).
July.
corymbo'sa (corymbed) . 1^. July. Virginia.
1819.
soro'ria (sister). 2. August.
North America. 1829.
cratcBgifo'lia (Hawthorn-leaved). 3. July.
Siberia. 1812.
crena'ta (scollop-leaved). 2. April. Podolia.
1739.
cuneifo'lia (wedge-leaved). 3. India.
expa'nsa (spreading). 3. Pink. June.
Kamoon. 1846.
flexuo'sa (zig-zag). 4. June. Europe. 1820.
hypericifo'lia (Hypericum-leaved). 5. April.
North America. 1640.
Plunkenetia'na (Plunkenet's).
April. Canada.
Kamtcha'tica (Kamtchatca). June. North
America. 1830.
. Himale'nsis (Himalayan). 2.
June. North India. 1838.
Iceviga'ta (smooth-leaved). 4. Red. May.
Siberia. 1774.
lanceola'ta (spear-head-tearerf). Mauritius.
laxiflo'ra (loose-flowered). 2. June. India.
1838.
obova'ta (reversed-egg-Jeawecf). 3. June.
Hungary. T816.
opulifo'lia (Guelder- Rose-leaved). 5. June.
North America. 1690.
tomente'lla (slightly-woolly). 5.
June. North America.
Pickowie'nsis (Pickow). 4. June. Podolia.
1807.
prunifo'lia flo're-ple'no (double- flowered -
Plum-leaved). 6. March. China. 1844.
July.
North America.
Savra'nica (Savranian). 4. April. Podolia.
1819.
I sorbifo'lia (Service - leaved). 4. August.
Siberia. 1759.
Alpi'na (Alpine). 3. August.
Siberia. 1817.
thalictroi 1 des (Meadow- Rue-like). 2. June.
Dahuria. 1806,
Tobo'lskia (Tobolsk). 4. June, Russia.
1823.
tomento'sa (downy). 5. August. North
America. 1736.
triloba'ta (three-lobed). 3. May. Altai.
1801.
HAEDY EVEEGEEEN SHEUBS.
S. Dougla'sii (Douglas's). Rose. August.
Columbia.
fi'ssa (cut- leaved). 3. November. Mexico.
1841.
Lindleya'na (Lindley's). Himalayas.
Reevesia'na (Reeves's). 3. May. China. 1843.
SPIEANTHE'KA. (From speira, spiral,
and anthera, an anther; twisted anthers*
Nat. ord., Rueworts [Kutaceee]. Linn.,
5-Pentandria \-Monogynia.')
Stove evergreen. Cuttings of short stubby
side-shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, in
a sweet bottom-heat, the glass to be removed
at night ; sandy loam and fibry peat. Winter
temp., 50 to 60 ; summer, 60 to 80.
S. odorati'ssima (sweetest- scented). 6. White,
red. Brazil. 1823.
SPIEA'NTHES. Lady's Traces. (From
speira, spiral, and antJios, a flower ;
flowers arranged spirally. Nat. ord.,
Orchids [Orchidaceae]. Linn., 20-Gy-
nandria 1-Monandria. Allied to Neottia. )
Stove terrestrial orchids, grown in pots. See
Orchids.
S, arge'ntea (silvery). White. April. Brazil.
1843.
j au'rea (golden). Olive brown. April. Gua-
temala. 1842.
; bracteo'sa (/on^-bracted). I. White, yel-
low. May. St. Catherine. 1835.
diure'tica (diuretic). Green, white. August.
Valparaiso. 1838.
grandiflo'ra (large-flowered). Green. Sep-
tember. North America. Half-hardy.
SPIEONE'MA. (From speira, spiral,
und nema, a filament ; stamens spiral.
SPI
[ 843 ]
STA
Nat. ord., Spiderworts [Commelynacese]. , AmaryUids (Amaryllidacetc]. Linn.,
Linn., Q-Hexandr'm I-Monogynia. Al- (j-Hexandria I-Monouunla.} J
lied to Tradescantia.)
Greenhouse herbaceous. Seeds, and division
of the roots ; sandy fibry peat and loam. Win-
ter temp., 45 to 55 ; summer, 60 to 80.
This is the new name for the old Amaryllis
5. fra'gra tis (fragrant) .
Mexico. 1839.
White. May.
SPLEEJTWORT. Aspic* nimn.
HPO'NDIAS. Hog Plum. {The an- i
cient name of a wild plum ; resem- !
blance of fruit. Nat. ord., Anacards j
[Anacardiaceffi]. Linn., 10-Decandria '
i-Pentagynia.)
Stove evergreen trees. Cuttings of half- j
ripened shoots, in sand, under a bell-glass, in j
heat, in May or June ; loam and peat. Winter
temp.. 50 to 55; summer, 60 to 80.
S. acumina'ta (pointed-leaved). June. Ma-
labar. 1824.
axilla'ris (axillary). May. Nepaul. 1824.
lu'tea (yellow-fruited). 50. Yellow, green.
W. Indies. 1739.
purpu'rea (purple-fruited). 30. White,
green. W. Indies. 1817.
SPONGE TREE. Aca'dafarni^ia'im.
SPORTING is the term, whereby gar-
deners describe any deviation from the
usual form or colours of a plant or