North America.
tardiflo'nts (late -flowered). 2. Blue. Sep-
tember. North America. 1775.
tata'riats (Tartarian). 1. White. August.
Tartary. 1818.
tenuifu' liiis (slender-leaA*ed). 3. White.
August. North America. 1723.
tomento'sm (woolly). 2. Pink. July. New
South Wales. 1725.
tortifo'lius (twisted-leaved). 1. Purple.
September. North America.
Tradesca'nti (Tradescant's), 3. White. Au-
gust. North America. 1633.
trine" n-is (three nerA'ed). 2. White. Au-
gust. Nepaul. 1818.
tripo' Hum (Tripoly-Sea starwort) . 2. Blue.
August. Britain.
undula'tus (wave-leaved). 3. Purple. Sep-
tember. North America. 1699.
vcr si' color (A'arious-coloured) . 3. White
purple. August. North America. 1790.
vimi'neus (tAA-igsry). 3. Blue. September.
North America. 1800.
GREENHOTJSE.
A. aculea'tus (prickly-feawd). 2. White.
June. New Holland. 1818.
angustifo'lius (narrow -leaved) . 6. Pale
Blue. July. Cape of Good Hope.
1804.
argophtfllus (silvery-leaved). 10. White.
July. Van Diemen's Land. 1804.
carolinia'nus (Carolina). 8. Purple. Sep-
tember. Carolina.
cymbalo? riai (ivy-leaved). 2. White. Sep-
tember. Cape of Good Hope. 1786.
erube'scens (blushing). 3. lied. June.
New Holland.
exasnera'tus (roughened). 3. White. May.
Cape of Good Hope. 1823.
filifo'liiis (thread-leaved). 3. White. May.
Cape of Good Hope. 1812.
fruticuto'sm (rather shrubby). 1. Blue.
May. Cape of Good Hope. 1759.
lira'tm (rigid-stemmed). 3. White. June.
New South Wales. 1812.
wrHot'de* (Mvrsine-like). 3. Pale pur-
ple. May. New Holland. 1825.
obttisa'tus (obtuse-feared). 4. White. June.
Cape of Good Hope. 1 793.
plwriflo'rm (many-flowered). 2. White.
June. Cape of Good Hope. 1759.
reflc'xm (reflex-faam/). 3. Crimson. July.
Cape of Good Hope. 1 7 59.
seri'cem (silky-? m/). 3. Blue. August.
Cape of Good Hope. 1 786.
tendllu* (delicate). 1. Blue. August,
Cape of Good Hope. 1769. Green-
house biennial.
villo'sus (long haired). 4. White. May.
Cape of Good Hope. 1812.
ASTERACA'NTHA. (From aster, a star,
and acantha, a spine ; referring to the
AST
[93]
AST
disposition of the spines. Nat. ord.,
Acanthads [Acanthacesc] ; allied to BAR-
LERIA. Linn., 14-Didi/namia, 1-angio-
spermia). Greenhouse herbaceous pe-
rennial. Division and seeds ; sandy
loam. Winter temp., 38 to 45.
A. longifo'Ua (long-leaved). 2. Yellow. July.
Egypt. 1781.
ASTEROCE'PHALUS. (From aster, a star,
and kcphale, a head; in reference to the
seed. Nat. ord., Teazleworts [Dipsaca-
cea3]. Linn., ^.-Tetrandia, \~monogynia.
It seems useless to divide the species
from Scabious). Annuals from seed; pe-
rennials from seed, or cuttings under a
hand-glass ; common soil. All hardy
except where otherwise specified.
ANNUALS.
A. atropurpif rcus (dark-purple). Brown. July.
East Indies. 1629.
a' Thus (white). White. July.
East Indies. 1629.
ca'rneus (flesh-coloured) . 3.
Flesh. July. East Indies. 1629.
proli'ferus (proliferous). 3.
Purple. July. East Indies. 1629.
ro'seus (rose-coloured) . 3.
lied. July. East Indies. 1629.
variega'tus (variegated). 3.
Variegated. July. East Indies. 1629.
Bieberstcl'nii (Beiberstein's). U. Pink.
July. Iberia. 1823.
grandlfio'rus (great-flowered). 3. White.
July. Barbary. 1804.
legione>nsis (Leon). " li. Pink. July. Spain.
1820.
mari'timm (sea). 2. Purple. July. Italy.
1683.
neglefctm (neglected). lg. Red. June.
Germany. 1825.
palcesti'nus (Palestine\ 1. Citron. July.
Palestine. 177 J.
pectina'tus (comb-leaved). 1J. Violet.
July. Arabia. 1824.
proli'ferus (many-suckered). 1. Yellow.
July. Egypt. 1683.
rota'tus (wheel-shaped). 1. Pink. July.
Iberia. 1823.
saxa'titis (rock). H Pink. July. Spain.
1827.
si' cuhis (Sicilian). 1. Pink. July. Sicily.
1783.
si'mplex (simple). 2. White. July. South
of Europe. 1820.
Stella' tm (starry). 1^. Blue. July. Spain.
1596.
PERENNIALS.
A. africa'nm (African). 6. White. August.
Africa. 1690. Greenhouse evergreen
shrub.
agre'stis (tield). Purple. August. Hun-
gary. 1818.
alti'ssinnis (very tall). 5. Blue. August.
Africa. 1819. Greenhouse evergreen
shrub.
A. amoe'nus (pleasant). Purple. June. 1820.
argefnteus (silvery). White. August. Le-
vant. 1713.
banna'ticus (Bannatic). 3. Pink. July
Hungary. 1802.
a'lbus (white-flowered). 3. White.
July. Gardens.
cane'scms (hoary). 1. Lilac. July. Hun-
gary. 1802.
capilla'tus (long-haired). 2. Violet. July.
1820.
cauca'sicus (Caucasian). 1. Blue. June.
Caucasus. 1803.
ceratophy'llus (buckthorn-leaved). 2. lied.
July. Italy, 1826.
columba'rius (pigeon-coloured). 1. Purple.
July. Britain.
commuta'tus (changed). 1. Blue. July.
Siberia. 1826.
arena' tm (round-notched). 2. Flesh. Au-
gust. Italy. 1825.
crefticus (Cretan). 1. Purple. June. Crete,
1596. Greenhouse evergreen shrub.
dlegans (elegant). 1. Light blue. June.
South of Europe. 1813.
graminifo' lius (grass leaved). 1. Blue.
July. Switzerland. 1683.
gramu'ntius (Gramont). 1. Light blue.
July. South of Europe. 1596.
lioloseri' cam (all-silky). 1 Blue. July,
Pyrenees. 1818.
inca'nus (moulds-looking). 1. Red. July.
Europe. 1826.
interne" dius (intermediate). 1. Blue.
July. South of Europe. 1824.
isete'nsis (Isetsk). 1. White. July. Si-
beria. 1801.
lu'ddus (shining). 2. Blue. Dauphiny. 1800.
liCteus (yellow). 2. Yellow. June. 'Russia.
lyra'tm (lyrate-/eaed). 1. Purple. July.
Turkey. 1799. Greenhouse herbaceous
perennial.
micra'nthus (small-flowered). 1. Pink. July.
Armenia. 1825.
molli'ssimus (softest). 2. White. June.
Italy. 1820.
ni'tens (glittering). June. Azores. 1779.
ochroleu'cus (yellowish-white). 1. Yellow.
July. Germany. 1517.
paucise'tus (few-bristled). Straw. July.
South of Europe. 1827.
pyrena'icus (Pyrenean). 1. Purple. July.
South of France. 1819.
rupefstris (hill). 1. Pink. July. Caucasus.
1824.
rutcefo'lius (rue-leaved). 1. Scarlet. July.
Sicily. 1804.
Scopo'/ii (Scopoli's). 2. Straw. July.
South of Europe. 1819.
seti'ferus (bristle-bearing). 2. White. July.
France. 1826.
silenifo'lim (Silene-leaved). 1. Red. July.
Hungary. 1826.
tomento'sits (woolly). July. 1. Blue.
Spain. 1827.
ucra'nicus (Ukraine). 1. Light yellow.
July. Ukraine. 1795.
urceota'tus (jagged). 3. Yellow. July.
Barbary. 1804.
Webbia'nus (Webb's). L White. July.
Mount Ida. 1818.
AST
[94]
AST
ASTI'LBE. (From a, not, and stilbe,
brightness; flowers not very striking.
"Nat. ord., Saxifrages [Saxifragacese].
Linn., W-Decandria, 1-Digynia). Hardy
herbaceous perennial. Divisions ; peat
and a few pebbles.
A. deca'ndra (ten-stamened). 2. White. June.
Carolina. 1812.
ASTRA' GALUS. Milk Vetch. (An an-
cient Greek name for some leguminous
plant. Nat. ord., Leguminous Plants
[Fabacese]. Linn., \l-Diadelphia, 4-
Decandria). All hardy except where
otherwise specified. Annual species,
seed, in common sandy soil, in March.
Perennial herbaceous species, division of
the plant. The under shrubs, ciittings
under a hand light ; common sandy soil
for all.
ANNUALS.
A. cegi'ceras (goat's-horn-^odded). 1. Pale
yellow. July. 1818.
alope? cias (sea-fox). 3. Yellow. June.
Siberia. 1800.
annula'ris (ring-formed). 1. Purple. July.
Egypt. 1800. Trailer.
bafticus (Baetic). 1. Pale yellow. July.
South of Europe. 1759. Trailer.
brachy 1 'ceras (short-horn-podded). . Yel-
low. July. Tauria. 1828.
bu' ceras (ox-horn-podded). 1. Pale yellow.
July. 1818. Trailer.
canalicula'tus (channel-podded). 2. White.
July. 1816.
caryoca'rpus (nut-podded). 1. Purple.
July. Spain. 1800. Biennial.
ci'cer( vetch). 2. Yellow. July. Europe.
1570. Trailer.
contortuplica'tus (twisted-plaited). 1. Pale
yellow. July. Siberia. 1764. Trailer.
crucia'tus (cross-formed). 1. Violet. July.
1820. Trailer.
cymbcecarpus (boat-podded). i. White.
July. Spain. 1800. Trailer.
ala'ux (milk-wort), i. Purple. July.
Spain. 1596.
lotoi'des (lotus-like). . Red. August.
China. 1763.
mareofticus (Mareotic). \. Lilac. July.
Egypt. 1817. Trailer.
Nuttallia'nm (Xutta\l's). $. Blue. July.
America. 1820. Trailer.
oxiglo'ttis (sharp-tongue-fcaved) . . Blue.
July. Tauria. 1817. Trailer.
pentaglo' ttis (flve-tongued) . ^. Purple.
July. Spain. 1739. Trailer.
reticula'ris (netted). Blue. July. Iberia.
1828.
scorpioi'des (scorpion-like-podd<"d) . 1. Pale
Blue. July. Spain. 1816.
sesa'meus (sesanie-like). 1. Pale blue. July.
South of Europe. 1616. Trailer.
triangula' ris (three-angled). 1. Pale yel-
'low. July. 1818.
A tribuloi'des (tribulus-like) . . Purple. July.
Egypt. 1817. Trailer.
trimc'stris (three-monthly). $. Pale yel-
low. July. Egypt. 1730. Trailer.
trimo'rphits (three-formed). i. Purple.
July. South of Europe. 1816. Trailer.
PERENNIALS.
A. acutifo'lius (acute-leaved). . July. Switz-
erland. 1826.
adsu'rgens (adsurgent). i. Purple. July.
Siberia. 1820.
prostra'tus (prostrate). J. Pur-
ple. July. Siberia. 1818. Trailer.
adu'ncus (hooked). 1. Purple. July.
Caucasus. 1819.
alopecuroi' des (fox-tail-like). 2. Light
yellow. July. Spain. 1737.
annuodt/'tes (sand'viper). . White. July.
Siberia. 1820. Evergreen under-
shrub.
arena' rim (sand). 1. Blue. July. Ger-
many. 1798. Trailer.
arista'tus (awned). 1. Purple. July.
Pyrenees. 1791. Evergreen.
a'sper (rough) . 3. Pale yellow. July.
Astracan. 1796.
Austri'acm (Austrian). . Pale blue. July.
Austria. 1640.
laicale'nsis (Baical). 1. August. Yellow.
Siberia. 1830.
bayone'nsis (Bavonne). i. Purple. July.
France. 1816.
brachyca' rpus (short-podded). 1|. Purple.
July. Caucasus. 1820. Trailer.
breviflo' rus (short-flowered). ^. Purple.
July. Armenia. 1826. Half-hardy
evergreen.
buchtormtfnsis (Buchtorm's). i. Yellow.
Siberia. 1818.
Canade'nsis (Canadian). 1. Pale yellow.
July. North America. 1732.
calyc'inus (long-calyxed). August. Cau-
casus. 1819.
capri'nus (gout-scented). 1. Pale yellow.
July. Barbary. 1683.
capita' tiis (headed). 1. Pale yellow. July.
Levant. 1759.
Carolinia'nus (Carolina). 1J. Greenish
yellow. July. North America. 1732.
Cauca'sicus (Caucasian). . White. July.
Caucasus. 1824. Evergreen.
Chine? -ns'is (Chinese). 1. Pale yellow. July.
China. 1795. Greenhouse.
chlorosta' chys (green-spiked). 3. Greenish
yellow. September. Nepaul. 1824.
christia'nm (Christian). 3. Pale yellow.
July. Armenia. 1737. So called by
Dioscorides because a native of the
birth-land of Christianity.
Dahu'ricus (Dahurian). g. Purple. June.
Dahuria. 1822.
dasya'nthitfi (hairy-flowered). 1. June.
Hungary. 1819.
dasyylo'tlis (thick-tongue-leaved). \. Pur-
ple. July. Siberia. 1818.
depre'ssm (depressed). \. Pale yellow
July. Europe. 1772. Trailer.
Aiffuf s/w (wide-scattered). \. Pale yellow.
July. Caspian. 1820.
donia'nut (Don's). ^. Pui^le. July. Nepaul.
1818. Trailer.
AST
[95]
AST
A.emaryina'tus (nicked-leaf ) . 1. Pale yellow.
July. South of Europe. 1825.
epiglo'ttis (heart-podded). \, Pale yellow.
July. South of Europe. 1737. Trailer.
exsca'pus (scapeless). . Yellow. July.
Hungary. 1827.
falca'tm (sickle-podded : hairy-podded). 3.
Greenish yellow. July. Siberia.
faldfo'rmis (sickle-formed). 1. Pale
yellow. July. Algiers. 1816.
frutico'sus (shrubby). 1. Violet. July.
Siberia. 1804.
galegifo' rmis (goat's-rue-ZeaverZ). 2. Yel-
lowish green. June. Siberia. 1729.
glyciphylloi' des (glyciphyllus-like. Liquor-
ice milk vetch). 1. Pale yellow. July.
Siberia. 1818. Trailer.
glycyphy'llus (sweet-leaved). 3. Yellowish
green. July. Britain. Trailer.
gra'cUis (slender). J. Purple. June. North
America. 1821.
halica'cabus (kettle-calyxed). . Pale yel-
low. May. Armenia. 1806.
hamo'ms (hook-podded). 1. Pale yellow.
July. Spain. 1683. Trailer.
- macroca'rpus (large-fruited). \.
Pale yellow. June. South of Europe.
1820. Trailer.
hypoglo 1 ttis (tongue-under-tongue) . J. Pur-
ple. July. Britain. Trailer.
"
a'lbus (white -flowered"],
White. June. Gardens. Trailer.
hymenoca'rpus (membranous-./fo;ra-ed). 4.
Yellow. July. Russia. 1835.
inca'nus (hoary). . Purple. July. Mont-
pelier. 1759.
infta'tus (inflated). 1. Purple. July.
Mendoza. 1827.
lactiflo'rus (milk-flowered). Striped. June.
Siberia. 1832.
lani'gerus (wool-bearing). |. YeUow. June.
Egypt. 1791.
Laxma'nni (Laxmann's). 1. Purple.
August. Siberia. 1814. Trailer.
leonti'nm (lion-tail), i. Blue. July. Aus-
tria. 1815. Trailer.
leptophy'llus (fine-leaved). . White. July.
Barbary. 1811.
leucophc&us (dusky), i. Whitish yellow.
July. 1776. Trailer.
linearifo f lius (linear-leaved). 1. Purple.
July. Siberia. 1780.
longiflo'rus (long-flowered). . Yellow.
July. Tartary. 1806.
macrocefphalw (large-headed). 4. Yellow.
June. Caucasus. 1831. Trailer.
ma'ximus (greatest fox-tail). 3. Yellow.
June. America.
mclilotoi' des (melilot-like) . 3. Purple. June.
Siberia. 1785.
micra'nthus (small- flowered). 1. Pale
yellow. July. 1800.
microphyilus (small-leaved). 1. Yellow.
June. Siberia. 1773.
monspessultfnus (Montpelier). 1. Purple.
July. France. 1710. Evergreen
trailer.
_, _ . a'lbus (white). 1. White.
July. South of Europe. Evergreen
trailer.
narboneTnsis (Narbonne). 3. Pale yellow.
July. South of Europe. 1789.
A. negldctus (neglected). \. July. Siberia.
1826.
odora'tus (sweet-scented). 2. Pale yellow.
July. South of Europe. 1820.
onobrychioi' des (saintfoin-like). 1. Pur-
ple. July. Iberia. 1819.
onobrifchis (purple-spiked). 1^. Purple.
July. Austria. 1640. Trailer.
otefptenu (earwinged). 1. Pale blue. July.
Altai. 1817.
Palla'sii (Pallas's). A. Purple. July.
Caspian. 1818.
pallet seem (palish). 1. Pale yellow. June.
Siberia.
physofdes (inflated). |. Purple. July.
Siberia. 1759.
platyphifUus (broad-leaved). 1. Pale yel-
low. July. Siberia, 1824. Trailer.
pcfnticus (Pontic). 2. Pale yellow. Tauria.
1820.
potefrium (Poterium). . White. July.
Levant. 1640. Evergreen.
proeu'mbcns (procumbent). U. Yellowish
Blue. May. Chili. 1832. Half-
hardy. ,
purpu'rcus (purple). . Purple. July.
South of France. 1820. Trailer.
r&ptans (creeping). . White. July.
Mexico. 1818. Greenhouse evergreen
creeper.
Schanginia' nus (Schang's). 1. White. Si-
beria. 1832.
semibilocula' ris (half two-celled). 1. Pale
yellow. July. Siberia. 1804.
ste'lla (star-podded). %. Blue. July. South
of Europe. 1658. Trailer.
stipula'tus (tor^e-stipuled). 1. Yellow.
June. Nepaul. 1822.
subula'tm (awl-shaped). . Purple. July.
Siberia. 1820.
succule? ntus (succulent). 1. Purple. July.
North America. 1827.
sulca'tus (furrowed). 4. Light blue. July.
Siberia. 1785.
sylvi' coins (wood). America. 1831. Trailer.
tau'ricus (Taurian). A. Purple. July.
Tauria. 1826.
testicula' tus (egg-shaped). . Fleshy white.
July. Tauria. 1818.
tomento'sus (woolly-leaved). 3. Pale yellow.
July. Egypt. 1800. Half-hardy.
tragaca'ntha (great goafs-thorn). Pale
yellow. July. South of Europe. 1640.
Evergreen.
Mmidus (swelling). $. Pale yellow. July.
Egypt. 1816. Evergreen.
uligino'sus (marsh). 2. Pale yellow. July.
Siberia. 1752.
u'triaer (bladder-bearing). 4. Yellow.
July. Russia. 1818.
vesica'rius (bladder-cfy:m2). 1. Whitish
yellow. July. Europe. 1737. Trailer.
vimi'neus (rod-like). . Purple. July.
Siberia. 1816.
virga'tus (twiggy). 3. Violet. July. Si-
beria. 1806.
vulpi'nus (fox). 2. Light yellow. July.
Caucasus. 1815.
ASTRA' NTHUS. (From astron, a star,
and anthos, a flower ; in reference to the
star-like divisions of the flower. Nat.
AST
[96]
ATH
ord., Homaliads [Homaliaceee]. Linn.,
8-Octandria, \-monogynia). Greenhouse
evergreen shrub ; cuttings in sandy soil,
under a glass ; rich light loam. Temp.,
50 in summer ; winter, 40 to 45.
A. cochin-chine' nsis (Cochin-Chinese). 4. White.
July. China. 1823.
ASTRA'NTIA. Masterwort. (From
astron, a star, and anti, comparison; refer-
ring to the disposition of the flower um-
bels. Nat. ord., Umbell'ifers [Apiacea?].
Linn., 5-Pentandrta, 1-digynia). Allied
to SANICULA. Hardy herbaceous peren-
nials ; dividing the plant in March,
April, or October ; sandy loam.
A. Bieberstei'nii (Bieberstein's). 2. May.
Caucasus. 1835.
carni'olica (Carnioline). 1. Striped. June,
Carniola. 1812.
cauca'sica (Caucasian). . Pink. July.
Caucasus. 1818.
ma'jor (greater). 2. Striped. June. Alps,
Europe. 1596.
ma'xima (greatest). 2. Pink. July. Cau-
casus. 1804.
mi' nor (smaller). ^. Pink. June. Swit-
zerland. 1686.
pauciflo'ra (few-flowered). |. White. July.
Sicily. 1820.
ASTRAPJE'A. (From astrape, light-
ning ; in reference to the brightness of
the flowers in India. Nat. ord., Bytt-
wmVwMByttneriaccaa]. Linn., Q-Monadel-
phia, 7 -dodecandria] . Formerly arranged
erroneously with Sterculiads. Stove
evergreen trees ; cutting's of young wood
in April, in sand, under a bell-glass, in
heat ; loam and peat. Summer temp., 65
to 80 ; winter, 55 to 65.
A. tilitefo'lia (lime-tree-leaved). 20. Isle of
Bourbon. 1824.
visco'sa (clammy). 30. Pink. Madagascar.
J23.
Walli'chii (Wallich's). 20. Pink.
Madagascar. 1820.
July.
ASTROCA'RTUM. (From astron, a star,
and karyon, a nut; referring to the dispo-
sition of the fruit. Nat. ord., Palms
[PalmaceseJ. Linn., 2l-Moncecia, 6-hcx-
andria). Allied to Cocos. Stove palms;
seed in hotbed in spring ; rich loam.
Summer temp., 65 to 75 ; winter, 55
to 60.
A. acau'le (stemless). 10. Brazil. 1820.
aculea'tum (prickly). 40. Guiana. 1824.
campe'stre (field). 10. Brazil. 1826.
muram u'ru (Murumuru). 40. Brazil. 1825.
vulga' re (common). 30. Brazil. 1825.
ASTROLO'BIUM. United to ORNITHOPUS.
ASTROLO'MA. (From asfron, a star,
and loma, a fringe ; in reference to the
bearded fringe on the flowers. Nat. ord.,
Epacrids [Epacridacese]. Linn., 5-Pen-
tandria, \-monogynia). Greenhouse ever-
green shrubs. Young cuttings, firm at
their base, in sand, under a bell-glass ;
sandy loam and turfy peat. Winter
temp., 40 to 48.
A. denticula'tum (finely-toothed). 1. Pale red.
New Holland. 1826.
humifit'sum (trailing). 1. Scarlet. July.
New South Wales. 1807.
ASTY'RIA. (From , not, and steiras,
sterile ; referring to the absence of bar-
ren stamens ; one-half of these being
barren generally in this order. Nat. ord.,
Syttnerietdt [Byttneriaceae]. Linn., 16-
Monadelphia, 5-octandria). Allied to DOM-
BEYA. Stove evergreen shrubs; cuttings
in sand, under a bell-glass, in heat ; peat
and sandy loam. Summer temp., 60 to
85 ; winter, 55 to 60.
A. ro'sca (rosy). Pink. May. Mauritius. 1843.
ASYSTA'SIA. (From , without, and
stocky s, a spike, the inflorescence ; not
in spikes, as is often the case in Acan-
thads. N&t.or(i.,dcanthads [Acanthacea?].
Linn., \<-Didynamia, 1-angiospermiaj.
Stove evergreen shrub; cuttings of young
shoots in April, in sandy soil, under a
bell-glass ; peat and loam, with a little
sand ; and when vigour is required a
little dried cowdung. Summer temp., 60
to 80 ; winter, 50 d to 55.
A. coromandelia'na (Coromandel). Purple. Sep-
tember. India. 1845.
ATALA'NTIA. (A classical name after
Atalanta, daughter of Schoenus, King of
Scyrus. " She being wearied with the
importunities of her suitors, consented to
have the man that could outrun her."
Hippo' menes did so by the help of Venus's
golden apples. He cast three before her,
and she lost ground in gathering them."
The fruit is golden coloured. Nat. ord.,
Citronworts [Aurantiaceoe]. Linn., 10-
Decandria \-monog ynia). Stove ever-
green shrub ; cuttings in heat, under a
bell-glass ; sandy loam and peat.
A. monoplitflla (one-leaved). 4. White. July.
East Indies. 1777.
ATAMASCO-LILY. Zephyranthus-ata-
masco.
ATHANA'SIA. (Ftom , not, and tha-
ATE
[97]
ATH
natos, death ; in reference to the flowers
being what is called " everlasting." Nat.
ord., Composites [Asteraceae]. Linn.,
\-Syngenesia, \-cequalis). Greenhouse
evergreens ; all natives of the Cape of
Good Hope. Cuttings of half- ripe wood
in spring, in sand, under a hell-glass ;
loam and peat, but most of the former.
Winter temp., 40 to 45 ; summer, 60
and upwards.
A. candscens (hoary). 3. Yellow. July. 1820.
capita' ta (headed), li. Yellow. March.
1774.
crena'ta (round-notched). 2. Yellow. July.
1816.
crithmifo'lia (samphire-leaved). 2. Yellow.
July. 1723.
cuneifo'ha (wedge-leaved). 2. Yellow. July.
1816.
denta'ta (toothed). 1^. Yellow. July. 1759.
filifo'rmis (thread-form). 2. Yellow. August.
1787.
longifo'lia (long-leaved). 2. Yellow. July.
1800.
parviflo'ra (small-flowered). 2. Yellow.
April. 1731.
pectina'ta (comb-leaved). 1. Yellow.
July. 1774.
pinna' ta (pinnate), li. Yellow. July.
1818.
puWscens (downy). 6. Yellow. July. 1768.
puncta'ta (dotted). 3. Yellow. June.
1822.
tomento'sa (woolly - leaved] . 2. Yellow.
May. 1774.
tricifspis (three - pointed). 3. Yellow.
July. 1816.
trifurca'ta (three-forked-?eaeed). 3.
Yellow. July. 1710.
virga' ta (twiggy). 1. Yellow. July.
1815.
ATELA'-NDKA. (From atalos, soft,
and aner, an anther. Nat. ord., La-
biates or Lipworts [Lamiaceae]. Linn.,
\l-Lidynamia \-Gymnospermia. Al-
lied to WESTRINGIA). Greenhouse
evergreen shrub. Cuttings of half-
ripened wood, in sand, under a bell-
glass ; loam and peat. Winter temp.,
40 to 45.
A. inert na ' (mouldy - looking). Slate.
Swan River.
ATHA'LIA SPIN A' RUM. The Turnip
Saw-fly. "The grub of this insect,
known as the Black Caterpillar, Black
Canker, Black Palmer, Negro, and Nig-
ger, or Black Grub, sometimes destroys
thousands of acres of our turnips. Its
body is cylindrical, as thick as a crow-
quill, about half an inch long, greenish
black, with a darker line down the back ;
7
then a line of dull yellowish grey, and a
third of dark slate. Underneath, the
body is paler ; it is wrinkled, and the
head is black. When alarmed, this grub
curls itself together in a somewhat spiral
form. They feed on the leaf of the tur-
nip, leaving nothing but its largest ribs,
from the middle of August until about
the same period of October. They never
attack the Swedish turnip. When full
grown, the grubs bury themselves just
below the surface of the earth, each
forming a small oval cocoon of earth
formed into a paste with a gummy mois-
ture from its mouth. It remains in the
chrysalis state until July, when the per-
fect insect, or Turnip Saw-fly, comes
forth. Our drawing represents it magni-
fied, the natural size being shown by the
crossed lines. It is the Athalia centifolia
of some, and A., spinarum of other na-
turalists. Its colour is bright orange,
head black, upper lip pale yellow, anten-
nae black, thorax has two large dark spots,
and other dark marks are about the body
and wings. On small plots of turnips
the black grub may be easily removed
by hand-picking, and from larger breadths
by turning upon them some broods of
ducks." (Cottage Gardener, iii. 149).
ATHEROPO'GON. (From other, an awn,
and pogon, a beard ; in reference to its
bearded awns. Nat. ord., Grasses [Gra-
minaceaB]. Linn., IZ-Polygamia \-Mo-
ncecia. Allied to CHLORIS). A hardy
perennial grass ; seeds and division ;
common soil.
A. aphidoi'des (Aphida - like), f . Apetal.
August. South Europe. 1768.
ATHEROSPE'RMA. (Fromather, an awn,
H
ATH
[98]
AUD
and sperma, seed; seeds awned. Nat.
ord., Plum-Nutmegs [Atherospermaceoe].
Linn., 1\-Moncecia, 8-Icosandria). This
beautiful New Holland tree attains the
great height of 150 feet, and has the
aspect of a stately conifer, with a girth of
6 to 7 feet. The colonists make a plea-
sant tea-beverage from the bark, either
dried or in a green state. " Its effects
are, however, slightly aperient." Back-
Jwuse. Greenhouse evergreen tree ; cut-
tings; loam and peat. Winter temp.,
40 to 50.
A. moscha'ta (musk). White. June. New
Holland. 1824.
ATHRI'XIA. (From a, not, and thrix,
a hair ; the receptacle being destitute of
hairs. Nat. ord., Composites [Asteraoese].
Linn., \$-Syngenesia, 1-Superflua. Allied
to LEYSSERA). Greenhouse evergreen
shrub ; cuttings of rather young wood,
under a bell-glass, in sandy soil ; lumpy
loam and peat. Winter temp., 40 to
45.
A. cape'nsis (Cape). 3. Red. April. Cape
of Good Hope. 1821.
ATMOSPHERE. See AIR.
ATRA'GENE. (From athros, pressed,
undgenos, birth ; in reference to the man-
ner in which the branches clasp their
supports. First applied by Theophrastus
to our Traveller's Joy Clematis Vitalba.
Nat. ord., Crowfoots [Ranunculaceael
Linn., 13 - Polyandria, 6 - Polygynia).