Woodworth, J. F. & Son, Baldwinsville, .214
Hoop Skirts.
Aaron, S., Syracuse, 196
Hosiery.
Starin, S. H., Syracuse, 231
Hotels.
Allen, O. E. Jr., Syracuse, 434
Bennett, M. G., Tully 317
Greenman, S. S., Fabius, 353
Hale, C. H., Fayetteville, 224
Kidder, E. Wood, Skaneateles, 200
Motsiff, Frederick, Cardiff, 224
Onondaga House, Syracuse, 148
Owen, Sylvester, Summit Station, 318
» Howe's Ajfue Cure, Etc.
Howe, C. B., Seneca Falls, 210
Human Hair Goods.
Loftie, Henry, Syracuse, .166
Loftie, W. E., Syracuse, 334
Insurance Agents.
Bagg, Stanley, Syracuse, 353
Broughton & Babcock, Syracuse, 142
Bruyh, J. , Syracuse, 290
Foot & Noxon, Syracuse, 144
Moorhead, Wm. S. , Syracuse, 263
Newell, Edward, Syracuse, 160
Robertson & McCarthy, Syracuse, 37
Sawyer, Geo. C, Syracuse, 282
Stryker & Woodworth, Syracuse, 299
Truair & Fitch, Syracuse, 435
Truesdell & Karr, Syracuse, 435
14
INDEX TO ADTEBTISEMENTS.
Iron Founders and Machinists.
PAGE.
Brower^ S. P., Syracuse, 172
Cobb, Herrick & Co., Syracuse, 250
Craig, W. H., Syracuse, 170
Porter & Luther, Syracuse, 206
Powell, Archibald C, Syracuse, 242
Jewelry, Watches, Etc.
Becker & Colwell, Syracuse, 226
Hall, Lyman, Skaneateles, 202
Harlow, Wm., Syracuse, 184
Manwaring, M. B. , Camillus, 148
Stern, Abraham & Co., Syracuse, 238
Lawyers,
Beach & Marble, Syracuse, 334
Gray, Fred. H., Syracuse, 276
Nottingham & Tucker, Syracuse, 2
White, N. M., Baldwinsville, 272
Leather Dealers, Etc.
Phillips, Bentley & Co., Syracuse, 154
Livery Stables.
Bennett, M. G., Tully 317
Jones, Edwin A., Baldwinsville, 256
Locksmiths.
Brower, H. C, Syracuse, 182
Durston, H., Syracuse, 316
Lumber Dealers.
Brunt, Sylvester, Cicero, 272
Burhans, Blanchard & Co., Payetteville,262
Clark. E. & Co., Syracuse, 206
Hamill, A. P. & Co., Baldwinsville,. . . .276
Nelson, Sperry & Short, Syracuse, 372
Marble "Works.
Francis & Duffy, Syracuse, 168
Linihan, C, Syracuse 204
Miller Bros., Syracuse, 164
Stanton & Son, Syracuse 392
Marvin's Indian Syrup and Scro-
fula Ointment.
Marvin, C, Syracuse, 178
Melodeon and Organ Manuf.
Dodge & Lord, Ithaca, 388
Merchant Millers.
Barns, W. & J. W., Mottville, 200
Weston & Gove, Jamesville, 234
Model Makers.
Brower, S. P., Syracuse, 172
Craig, W. H., Syracuse, 170
Mowers and Reapers.
(See also Agricultural Implements.)
Bramer & Pierce, Fabius, 38 and 55
Gregg, Plyer & Co., Trumansburg, 212
Johnson, G. B.,Brewerton, 168
Preston, Cheney & Snook, Manlius, 56
Mower and Reaper Knives.
Eeynolds, Barber & Co., Auburn, 6
Music andMusical Instruments.
Redington & Howe, Syracuse, on map
and page \
Williams, A. M., Syracuse,....'..'."."'. .284
News Rooms.
PAGE.
Baker, J. C, Syracuse, 154
Winston, D. S., Syracuse, 356
Nurseries.
Harradence, Wm., Syracuse, 408
Smith, Clark & Powell, Syracuse, 281
Oriental Syrup and Ralm of Gil-
ead Ointment.
Taft, G. T. & Co., Seneca Falls 20
Orio Manufacturer.
Farnham, S. M., Tully, 194
Oxygenised Air Institute.
Brower, J. P. , Syracuse, 162
Painters.
(Rouse, Sign, Etc.)
Akin, L. M., Geddes, 231
Baumgras, W. & F., Syracuse, 182
Phillips & Gilbert, Syracuse, 222
Segar, Wm. S., Syracuse, 250
Painters' Supplies.
Baumgras, W. & F., Syracuse, 182
Paper Dealers.
Garrett, J. & F. B. , Syracuse, 4S8
Shumway & Hinman, Syracuse, 218
Paper Mills.
Tremain, Chas. & Co,, Manlius, 260
Patent Agents.
Morley & Co., Syracuse, 204
Patent Right Dealers.
Jeffery, S. T., Syracuse,
Johnson, G. B., Brewerton,.
.406
.168
Photograph Artists.
Bonta & Curtis8, Syracuse, 192
Jordan Bros. , Syracuse, 202
Lazier, H., Syracuse, on map.
Ranger, W. V., Syracuse, 371
Wooster, Milo T., Tully, 299
Photograph Colorists,
Perrior, Geo. H., Syracuse, 159
Segar, Wm. S., Syracuse, 250
Physicians.
Brower, J. P., Syracuse, 162
Earll, I. B., Syracuse, 290
Farnham, S. M., Tully, 194
Genung, B. M. , Brewerton, 148
Kingsley, Dr., Rome, 300
Merrill, C. F., Skaneateles, 194
Price, W. H., Syracuse, 256
Roberta, Emmett, Syracuse, 408
Seward & Miller, Syracuse, 216
Watson, W. R., Syracuse, 430
Picture Frames, Brackets, Etc.
Hendricks, Francis, Syracuse, 152
Howard, J. & Co., Syracuse, on map
Tholens Bros., Syracuse, 180
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
15
Planing and Saw Mills.
PAGE.
Brunt, Sylvester, Cicero, 272
Burhans, Blanchard & Co., Fayetteville,262
Burhans, G. W., Jamesville, 182
Dickison & Gillett, Syracuse, 234
Nelson, Sperry & Short, Syracuse, 372
Poudrette Works.
Lavington & Co., Salina, 334
Plumbers, Gas Fitters, Etc.
Shallish, Jerry, Skaneateles, 326
Tily, Alfred, Syracuse, 174
Printers' Supplies.
Shumway & Hinruan, Syracuse, 218
Printing Offices.
Central Democrat, Syracuse, 186
Courier and Union, Syracuse, 308
Journal, Syracuse, 320
Masters & Lee, Syracuse 433
Onondaga Gazette, Baldwinsville, 302
Recorder, Fayetteville 198
Silcox, Geo. W., Syracuse, 246
Skaneateles Democrat, Skaneateles, 236
Smith, B. Hermon, Syracuse, . . .facing 228-9
Southern Onondaga, Tully, 220
Standard, Syracuse, 298
Produce Dealers.
Coonley, Irving, Cicero, 332
Marshall & Lockwood, Skaneateles, 158
Midler, Byron, Syracuse, 105
Raspberry Plants.
Wright, Warren, Waterloo, 344
Real Estate Brokers.
Nottingham & Tucker, Syracuse, 2
Roofing.
Hatch, W. B., Syracuse, 184
Talbott, Thos. Jr., Syracuse, ... .334 and 374
Saddlery Hardware.
Harrell & Sergeant, Syracuse, 280
Salt Pans and Ladles.
Kennett, J. R., Geddes, 231
Sash, Blinds and Doors.
Burhans, Blanchard & Co., Fayetteville,262
Burhans, G. W., Jamesville, 182
Dickison & Gillett. Syracuse, 234
Everson, Giles & Co., Syracuse, 150
Second Hand Clotbing.
Levy, S., Syracuse, 238
Seeds, Etc.
Everson, Giles & Co., Syracuse, 150
Sewing Machines.
Barber, E. P. & Co., Syracuse, 156
Fowler, J. H., Syracuse, 20
Harris, Robinson & Co., Syracuse, .... 242
Marvin, F. N. & Co., Syracuse, 434
Orcutt, W. C, Syracuse 193
Rainey, W. W. & Co., Syracuse, 222
Stair Builder.
PAGE.
Heath, Wm., Syracuse, 170
Steel Tempering Works.
Reynolds, Barber & Co., Auburn, 6
Stencil Plates.
Banning, W. E., Syracuse, 290
Stone Sawing and Polishing Ma-
chines.
Stanton, Sidney, Syracuse, 392
Stone Yard.
Graff & Nies, Syracuse 276
Miller Bros., Syracuse, 164
stoves, Tinware, Etc.
Clough, J. H., Syracuse, ..inside first cover
Davie & Vedder, Syracuse, 262
Downes, Nicholas & Co., Syracuse, 335
Dryer, A. G., Tully 245
Everson, Giles & Co., Syracuse, 150
Hayford, M. W., Tully 123
Shallish, Jerry, Skaneateles, 326
Silcox & Foote, Syracuse, 268
Stafford & Leonard, Syracuse 208
Sulphur Baths.
Sweet, Mary A. Mrs., Syracuse, 170
Tobacconists.
Baker, J. C, Syracuse, 154
Hamilton & Wilburn, Syracuse, 144
Rapp & Hirsh, Syracuse, 164
Toys, Confectionery, Etc.
Wood, R., Syracuse, 226
Trunks, Traveling Bags, Etc.
Brumelkamp, P. J., Syracuse, 158
Spencer, A. C. & Co., Syracuse, 188
Undertakers.
Cook, E. H., Tully, 2S0
McChesney & Stokes, Bre werton, 182
Rust, S. M., Syracuse, 406
Sherwood, LeGrand, Syracuse, 196
Wagons and Carts.
Kennett, J. R., Geddes, 231
Water Filters.
Downes, Nicholas & Co., Syracuse, 335
Waterlime, Land Plaster, Etc.
Bryant, Harlow, Jamesville, 272
Weston & Gove, Jamesville, 234
Wax and Sperm Candles.
Will, R. Mrs., Syracuse, 170
Window Shades, Etc.
Tholens Bros. , Syracuse, 180
Woolen Mills.
Burke, Fitzsimons, Hone & Co., Roch-
ester ...•••. 211
Cady, Geo . B., Clockviile,. ...'.'.'..'.'.. .'.'..106
Hayden Bros., Syracuse and Port By-
ron, 390
1 6 ONONDA OA CO JJNTY B VSINESS DIRECTOR T.
This Card is Addressed Specially
TO THOSE WHO ARE
Seeking for Health,
The Cure of Diseases
AND THE RENEWAL OF LIFE.
Dr. HARDMAN'S Pure Remedies :
FIRST— Amber Digesting contains no alcohol in any form. It is purely vegetable,
somewhat bitter,— not unpleasantly so ; is in liquid form, scientifically prepared, and in
action prompt, positive and direct, and is the only blood renovator known. It sweetens
the stomach, removes the cause of foul breath, promotes a natural digestion, tones up the
Liver, expels unhealthy matter, causes the vital blood to circulate freefy in the small blood
vessels, — the seat of nutrition and strength, and removes from the system the very germ
of disease ; and is therefore safe, speedy and reliable for Stomach and Liver Diseases,
indicated by Headache, Indigestion, Bad Breath, Jaundice, Costiveness, Bilious Vomiting,
Biles, Bilious Disorders, Furred Tongue, Loss of Appetite, Worms, &c, &c.
2dL Elixir of Campliori
This almost priceless preparation is a pure nervine, a diffusive stimulant and safe ano-
dyne. It almost instantly relieves pains, removes spasms, cures cramps, warms the
body and equalizes the circulation, and stimulates the system to throw off disease.
It is vastly superior to Hot Drops, Essences, Paregoric, Pain Removers, Soothing
Syrups, Laudanum, Antespasmodics; and removes Stomach, Bowel, Uterine and Menstrual
Pains with astonishing rapidity. (See our circulars for other remedies.)
Office & Manufactory No. 2 Kimber Block, cor. James & Warren Sts.,
SYRACVSE, N. T,
COURTS IN ONONDAGA COUNTY,
1868—1869.
TO BE HELD AT THE COURT HOUSE IN SYRACUSE.
CIRCUIT COURTS AND COURTS OP OYER AND TERMINER.
_ A ,, , . 1868. 1869.
First Monday in February, Morgan, Justice, Bacon, Justice.
Fourth Monday in May, ; Foster, Justice, Morgan, Justice.
Third Monday in September, Morgan, Justice, Foster, Justice.
SPECIAL TERMS.
SecondTuesday in January, ' Morgan, Justice.
First Tuesday in July Morgan, Justice.
Fourth Tuesday in November, Morgan, Justice.
IftflQ
Third Tuesday in March, , .. Morgan, Justice.
First Tuesday in July _ . .Morgan, Justice.
Fourth Tuesday in November, '.'.'.'.'.'..*. Morgan, Justice.
COUNTY COURT AND COURT OF SESSIONS, FOR 1868.
First Monday in March ; Second Mondav in June ; Second Monday in October ; First
Monday in December.
HENRY RIEGEL, County Judge, presiding.
POST OFFICES AND POST MASTERS.
17
Post Offices and Post Masters in Onondaga
County.
POST OFFICB.
TOWN.
POST MASTER.
Amber, Otisco, Alfred J. Niles.
Apulia Fabins, Miles B. Hackett.
Baldwinsville, Lysander, D. S. Wilkins.
Belle Isle Camillas, Thomas Machan.
Borodino, Spafford, Charles M. Rich.
Brewerton, Cicero, Orsamus Johnson.
Camillas, Camillas, Albert Harmon.
Cardiff, Lafayette, Robert S. Park.
Cicero, Cicero, Josiah H. Young.
Clay, ., Clay Orris Barnes.
Coliamer, ." Dewitt, John J. Furbeck.
Collingwood, Lafayette, Luther Cole.
Delphi, Pompey, William A. Bates.
Dewitt, Dewitt, Henry C. Goodell.
Elbridge Elbridge, Walter P. VanVechten.
Euclid, Clay Richard Piatt.
Fabius, Fabins, Oril Pope.
Fairmount Camillas, Henry Jerome.
Fayetteville, . Manlius, Henry Ecker.
Geddes, Geddes, Hubbard Manger.
Hart Lot, Elbridge, Albert L. Chatfleld.
HowlettHill,.
Jack's Reef,.
Jamesville, . .
Jordan
Kirkville,
Lafayette,
Lamsons, Lysander,.. .
. Onondaga, Helen C. Robinson.
.Elbridge, Eli Tator.
.Dewitt, Samuel Hill.
.Elbridge, W. C. Rogers.
.Manlius Joseph Hoag.
Lafayette, Sarah M. Gage.
Liverpool,
Little Utica,
Mandana,
Manlius
Manlius Center, .
Manlius Station,
Marcellus
Marcellus Falls, .
Marietta,
Memphis,.
. .M. 8. Thompson.
.Balina, . . .' J. T. Crawford.
.Lysander Loran Dunham.
. Skaneateles, Harvey Folts.
.Manlius, E. Duell.
.Manlius, Ralph Chapin.
. Manlius, Perry O. Weaver.
. Marcellus, Thomas D . Condres.
.Marcellus, Edward Steele.
.Marcellus, Richard Salisbury.
.VanBuren, David Sharpley.
Mottville Skaneateles, Henry Hunsiker.
Navarino, Onondaga, Martin L. Gardner.
North Manlius, Manlius, „ . . D. J^Dewey.
.Onondaga, Stephen Yielding.
Onondaga, John G. Jackson.
. Onondaga, George B. Clark.
. Pompey, Julius Candee.
'.Otisco, James C. Gardner.
.Lysander, Benjamin D. Schenck.
'clay, Gran viDe Baum.
.' Pompey i Daniel E. Hayden.
^Pompey, Judson Candee.
Salina,! '. .... .... ..... ........... .Syracuse, 1st Ward, Samuel J. Abbott.
Skaneateles, Skaneateles, Horace Hayzen.
Spafford, Spafford William W. Lege.
South Onondaga, Onondaga, Eben North.
Summit Station, Fabius, John J. Blaney.
Syracuse, Syracuse, George L. Maynard.
Onondaga
Onondaga Castle,
Onondaga Valley,
Oran, ,
Otisco
Plain ville,
Plank Road
Pompey,
Pompey Center,
.Marcellus, Allen Brown.
.Tnlly, Hiram Chapin.
. Lafayette, Avery P. Shue.
.VanBuren, Rufus Foster.
. Van Buren, Stephen W. Betts.
..Tnlly, Kirtland C. Arnold.
Watervale, Pompey, Edward M. Thompson.
Thorn Hil.
Tally,
Tully Valley
Van Buren,
Van Buren Center,
Vesper
18
ONONDA GA CO UNTT B USINE8S DIRECTOR Y.
MORRIS & CO.,
MERCHANT
AND DEALERS IN
CLOTH
FURNISHING GOODS
AND FINE
CLCTH1MC
FOR
v"-'w>>/'. »'.'>,'.,'.«...w-.(<.. ( .'n'.<»,>>, '«<>,/•. m. "^i. (%>w"w'.«. »w^ lYl Jj IN • I U U JL ll io
\
BOYS' CLOTHING,
l OF ALL STYLES AND SIZES,
|From 3 Years' Size to Manhood. EOVS OU CIllldrBil
36 South Salina Street, (Globe Hotel Building,)
SITU.-A.OXJSDEJ, KT- Y.
Make SPECIALITIES of NEW STYLES, as they come out in New York.
Remember, that you can always find at our Store GARMENTS READY-MADE of as
Fine Qualities of Goods, as good Style of Cut and Make as those made to Measure ; and
it will be well for every one, whether they are used to getting their Clothing Ready-
Made or made to Order, to CALL and EXAMINE our STOCK, and SEE FOR THEM-
SELVES before purchasing.
Overcoats, Business Suits,
DRESS SUITS, WALKING COATS, &C,
FINE, STYLISH AND CHEAJP.
A Large Assortment of the New Styles of Walking Coat Suits, Overcoats, Boys' Suits,
&c, of the Best Qualities of Goods, Elegantly Cut and Made (by DEVLIN & CO.,
Broadway, New York,) just received, and will be sold at very Low Prices.
Call and see the largest stock of Fine Cloths and Clothing in Syracuse.
L&fDDDIC fi# Pfl 36 South SaUna Street, Globe Hotel Block.
mUnnlO CL OUij Syracuse, n. r
PUBLISHERS NOTICES.
G-IESO. JST , E3"VE3KT!S,
Manufacturer and Dealer in
Ladies' Furs, Buffalo & Fancy Robes,
HATS, CAPS, STEAW GOODS, &c,
16 SOUTH SALINA ST.,
SYRACUSE, TV. Y.
See also Card osi Page 1 80.
Truair & Fitch, General Insurance
agents, at No. 12 Bastable Block, Syn.cu.se,
are prepared to take Fire, Life or Accident
risks. They are energetic business men
and represent sound and reliable companies.
They are deserving of a liberal share of
patronage. We especially recommend
those contemplating life insurance, to call
at their office and look into the merits of
the " interest bearing policies," as issued
by the company they represent. See card,
inside lust cover.
Rust's Undertaking Ware-
Rooms, at 71 South Salina street, in
charge of T. A. E. Brown, contain Coffins,
Caskets, and everything usually found in a
first class establishment. Orders promptly
attended to at all hours. The business is
carried on by Stiles M. Rust, Administrator
of the late Charles Rust. See card on
page 406.
Mrs. E. Mack, Fashionable Dress
and Cloak Maker, 30 South Salina street,
is prepared to execute all work entrusted
to her care in the best manner. Those who
know her need no recommendation from
us. See card, page 406.
S. TT. Jeffrey, Canvassing Agent, and
dealer in Patent Rights, publishes a card
on page 406. He is agent for O. Serly's
Patent Reaction Dash Churn, Vegetable
Weeder and Digger, and various other
valuable articles. Persons in want of the
articles, or of town and County rights for
the same, will call at 112 E. Washington
street, or leave orders at No. 2 Journal
Building, up stairs. He is agent for the
Baldwinsville Forks, and for English's Pat-
ent Stove Damper.
Fiske Sc Titus, Druggists and deal-
ers in Patent Medicines, &c, in the Em-
pire Block, North Salina, corner of West
Genesee Sts., Syracuse, publish a card on
the County Map. Their store is a favorite
place at which to buy goods in their
line. They have one of the best soda foun-
tains in the city. Customers can here find
a choice article of tea or coffee,— Messrs.
F. & T. being agents for the " Great United
States Tea Company." We commend the
firm to - he liberal patronage of our citizens.
Preston, Cheney & Snook,manu-
facture the -'Onondaga Chief" Mower
and Reaper, at Manlius. This machine haB
many advantages, the principal ones of
which may be learned by referring to page
56, where may also be seen a cut of the
machine. They have a very convenient
hand and self raking attachment, which
adds materially to its value and conven-
ience. For a better idea of the machine,
see advertisement on page 56.
Ranger's Photograph Parlors,
No. 28 East Genesee St., Syracuse, have
become a favorite resort for those desiring
first class likenesses. Mr. Ranger has for
a long time been noted as being a superior
artist. He has established galleries in
Geneva and Palmyra, both of which are
now doing a prosperous business. Parties
calling on Mr. Ranger at his rooms in
the Franklin Buildings, will find him ever
ready to accommodate. See card, page 371.
Dr. Hardman's Amber Diges-
tine and Elixir of Camphor, are
advertised on page 16. Dr. Hardman has
made the study of medicine a speciality for
many years past. The medicines he ad-
vertises are the result of his investigations.
They are entirely free from spiritous liquors
of any kind, yet are so carefully distilled
and prepared that they will keep perfectly
pure and good in any warm climate. Read
the Doctor's card; you may be benefited
thereby. , ,. ,
A. Smith, Steam Dyer, publishes a
card on the '-County Map." -'The old
Syracuse Dye Works,"have long been noted
for the superior work done there. Mr.
Smith is a Scotchman, of more than 40
years experience at his profession, and
what he don't know in regard to colors,
and their application to fabrics, has yet to
be discovered. Customers at a distance
may send goods by express with entire
safety.
Morris & Co., Merchant Tailors and
Clothiers, in the Globe Hotel Block, South
Salina street, are gentlemen of large ex-
perience in their business, and well calcu-
lated to please their customers. Their
goods, both custom and ready made, are of
extra quality and finish. In addition to
their general business, they make a spec-
iality of boys' clothing. They deserve the
liberal patronage they receive. See adver-
tisement, page!8.
20
0N0NDA OA CO U~NTY B USINESS DIRECTOR Y.
THE SYRACUSE
km St$t t;
No. 3 WIETING BLOCK,
Opposite the Main Entrance to the Syracuse House, is the great and popular Emporium
of Central New York for
S & SH
TRUNKS, BAGS & VALISES
In endless variety, and at prices to suit the times. This House also has the General
Agency for the World Renowned
EMPIRE SEWING MACHINE,
Simple in its Construction and perfect in its Working. Agents wanted in every town
in Central New York. Apply to
JOBQST BL FOWLER,
3 "Wieting Block, Syracuse, IV. Y.
MOTHERS! READ THIS.
Are your children restless, irritable, wakeful, feverish ? Are they cutting teeth f Are
the gums red and painful ? Have they diarrhoea ? Have they fits or spasms ? If so,
USE THE ORIENTAL SYRUP.
It is the only Syrup or Cordial, or CHILD MEDICINE in market free from Opium, Mor-
phine, or Paragoric. These you can't give ; or, at least, you ought not to. They de-
stroy the functions of the BRAIN ; the child grows pale ; its eyes grow wild ; its flesh
becomes soft ; it loses its mind ; it becomes an Idiot. Mothers, these are facts 1 To be
convinced, try it. The Oriental Syrup contains NONE of those poisons. It is per-
fectly harmless. It is soothing— quieting. The child sleeps sweetly, and awakes refresh-
ed and lively. The teeth penetrate the gums without pain. It is good for aged and ner-
vous people. TRY IT.
DR. G. T. TAFT & CO., Proprietors,
Seneca Palls, N, Y.
THE BALM OE GILEAD !
SIR ASHLEY COOPER, in one of his lectures to his class, says :— I have used the
Balm of Gilead in my practice, in one form or other, for more than forty years • and for
Old Sores or Ulcers, Eruption*, Rheumatism, Burns, Chilblains,
Scalds, Piles, Chafes, &c., it surpasses every other known remedy.
Rosenberger's Balm of Gilead Ointment
Is composed of Oils and Balsams from trees and shrubs, and for all the diseases referred
to by Dr. Cooper, we warrant it almost a specific. For Gall, Grease and
Wounds of Horses, it has no equal. We warrant it; therefore do not hesitate
to try it for every kind of Wound, Bruise or Sore.
DR. G. T. TAPT & CO., Proprietors,
Seneca Falls, N. Y.
ONONDAQA COUNTY. 21
ONONDAGA COUNTY.
THIS COUNT F 'derives its name from the tribe of Ononda-
ga Indians who formeidy inhabited this portion of the old Onondaga
Reservation, being the third of the five great nations formerly unit-
ed for common interest and self-preservation. The Grand Coun-
cil which united the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and ;
Senecas, was held at the place now known as Liverpool, four miles
from Syracuse, but Onondaga was always considered as the oldest
and most venerated council grounds, where the fires of the nations
united until their alliance with the English in 1665, when they were
induced to remove to Albany, planted the tree of friendship, and,
after a number of years, returned to the old Council Ground again at
Onondaga.
The County was formerly a part of Herkimer, in the original
Military Tract, but became a separate county March 5th, 1394.
Cayuga County was afterwards taken from Onondaga, March 8th,
1799; Cortland April 8th, 1808, as also a part of Oswego, March
1st, 1816. It is centrally located, and its surface is naturally divid-
ed by an east and west line, or rather the base of the Central
Alleghany Mountains apparently ceases here, leaving a fine flat
surface, or, at most, a rolling land towards the north.
The geological formation of the County consists of alternate
strata of shale and lime-stone, overlying each other, in nearly hori-
zontal layers. On the south shore of Oneida Lake, is the Clinton
group of shale, and successively above these, towards the south, the
Niagara lime-stone, the red and green shales and gypsum, belong-
ing to the Onondaga salt-group ; the water-lime group, Oriskany
sand-stone, Onondaga lime-stone, corniferous lime-stone, Seneca
22 ONONDAGA COUNTY.
lime-stone, Marcellus shales, Hamilton shales, Tully lime-stone,
Genesee slate and Ithaca shales. The last four mentioned are found
upon the summits of the southern hills. The salt group occupies
the base of the hills, and the lime-stones crop out along their de-
clivities in an east and west line, extending through the center of
the County. The celebrated Onondaga Salt Springs lie in the val-
ley of Onondaga Lake, and the salt water is found above or within
the strata of red shale. The salt wells are 200 to 400 feet deep.
The green shales, embracing the upper formed strata; the magne-
sian or vernicular lime, and large quantities of gypsum in isolated
masses, lie immediately above the red shales, and form the first de-
clivities of the ranges of hills. The gypsum is one of the most im-
portant minerals in the State, and in the regions where it is formed,
numerous tunnel-shaped cavities are met, from 5 to 30 feet deep, and
about the same in circumference, caused by the underlying rocks be-
ing slowly dissolved by the rains. Above these shales is the water-
lime stone, which is used for making cement, when burned and
ground, and was used in constructing the locks on the Erie Canal.
It forms one of the most valuable exports of the County. The On-
ondaga lime-stone is valuable for building purposes, and nearly all
of the lime-stone strata furnish quicklime of a superior quality.
The Hon. George Geddes says, "these systems of rocks constitute
the basis of our soils ; their particles, separated by the action of the
elements, have been decomposed, and in process of time rendered
fruitful. Besides these rocks we have beds of gravel and rounded