tempt to deliver an important message to the battal-
ion commander, Pvt. Craven voluntarily undertook
the task. Under heavy machine-gun, sniper and
artillery fire he accomplished his mission and re-
turned with an answer. Home address, Patrick
Craven, uncle, 8 Sumner Place, Roxbury, Mass.
CRAVEN, HERMAN C Private
Company G, 120th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Premont, France, October 9,
1918. While serving as a runner, he volunteered to
go to an exposed position on the flank to a body of
troops, deliver a message to them if they were Amer-
icans, and report back if they were Germans. Using
a captured German bicycle, he rode along a road
subjected to heavy fire, found that the troops were
American, and delivered an important message.
Home address, Mrs. Ida C. Craven, mother,
R. F. D. 1, Hernando, Miss.
CRAVEN, WILLIAM J. . Private (First Class)
101st Ambulance Company. For extraordinary
heroism in action at Wadonville, France, September
25-26, 1918. Pvt. Craven assisted in establishing
a dressing station in a dugout in an advanced posi-
tion. When it was destroyed by a shell he worked
unceasingly in the open under fire from enemy
machine-guns and snipers, caring for the wounded.
He remained at his post for several hours after his
station had been ordered closed , permitting neither
his own exhaustion nor the enemy fire to deter him
from aiding the wounded. Home address, William
Craven, 11 New Heath Street, Boston, Mass.
CRAWFORD, CLIFFORD .... Private
Headquarters Company, 372d Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Bussy Farm,
France, September 28-29, 1918. He was acting as
liaison agent between regimental headquarters and
the battalion. Having carried a message through a
heavy bombardment to the commander of a battal-
ion which was about to make an attack, he joined
the first wave of the attack and dashed into the
enemy's trenches. Seeing two of the enemy rush
to a dugout, he followed them and brought ten
prisoners from the dugout, killing two who tried
110
HEROES ALL
to escape. Home address, Mrs. C. L. Deposs,
mother, 224 Northampton Street, Boston, Mass.
CRAWFORD, HAROLD E.
Private
Company B, Second Brigade, Machine-Gun
Battalion. Between Soissons and Begzy Le Sec,
France, July 19, 1918, he bravely carried messages
through shell fire and reorganized and directed
infantry units. Intrusted with a particularly im-
portant message, that he knew must be delivered,
he fearlessly started through a heavy bombardment
to execute his mission, and while so engaged was
severely wounded. Home address, Mrs. Francelia
Crawford, mother, The Rutherglen, Cleveland,
Ohio.
CRAWFORD, NED Private
Company C, 316th Field Signal Battalion. For
extraordinary heroism in action at Epinonville,
France, October 2, 1918. When the telephone
station in which he was working was struck by a
shell, killing two men and injuring five, he disre-
garded personal safety and continued to operate
his switchboard in an exposed position, in order
that communication might be maintained until a
new central could be established in a new location.
Home address, Miss Stella Crawford, sister, 16159
Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.
CRAWFORD, ROBERT E. . . . Corporal
Company D, 7th Engineers. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Verdun, France, November
4, 1918. When three boats in a pontoon footbridge
across the Meuse River were destroyed by artillery
fire, Corpl. Crawford volunteered and swam into
the river under heavy shell fire and, by holding up
the deck until new boats were launched and placed
in position, permitted the uninterrupted crossing
of the infantry. Home address, John S. Crawford,
father, Myra, Texas.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM B. . . . Captain
370th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action at Ferme de la Riviere, France, September
30, 1918. Having been placed in command of
Company L, whose task it was to lead the advance
in an attack, the same undertaking having failed
the day previous, Capt. Crawford, in order to
assure the success of the attack, personally led the
advanced element of his company in the face of
heavy fire. The objective was successfully carried,
due to Capt. Crawford's gallant conduct. Home
address, Mrs. Roberta Crawford, wife, 1010 West
Munson Street, Denison, Texas.
CRESSMAN, CALVIN J Private
Company E, 314th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Moirey, France, November
9, 1918. Private Cressman, first carrier for his
automatic rifle team, advanced with a patrol
against strong machine-gun positions. Although
wounded five times, he refused to be taken back
and continued to load the automatic rifle in the
face of heavy machine-gun fire. Home address,
Solomon Cressman, father, Coopersburg, Pa.
CRISP, CURTIS M. . . . First Sergeant
Company F, 130th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action at Marcheville, France, Novem-
ber 10, 1918. When all the company runners had
been wounded during a raid by his battalion,
Sergt. Crisp volunteered to establish liaison with
an adjacent company. While going through a
heavy barrage under sniper fire from three direc-
tions he was knocked unconscious by the concussion
of a bursting shell. Upon recovering he succeeded
in killing a sniper who was picking off our men and
had wounded his company commander. Though
unable to stand, Sergt. Crisp insisted on remaining
on duty with his company. Home address, Mrs.
Malinda Crisp, mother, Parish, 111.
CRISTOFARO, VITTORIO . . . Private
Company K, 312th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Grand Pre, France, October
23, 1918. While his company was forced to lie in
the open for a period of 24 hours because of the
murderous machine-gun and artillery fire of the
enemy, Pvt. Cristofaro, occupying a position in
front of the company, advanced and attacked the
enemy gun nests, silencing no less than three guns
and killing their crews. Home address, Mrs.
Assunta Barbriere, sister, 422 Fabius Street,
Syracuse, N. Y.
CRITES, HERMAN . . . First Lieutenant
125th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action near Juvigny, France, August 31, 1918.
After his own company had reached the objective
assigned to it, Lieut. Crites made a personal recon-
naissance on the front and flank and discovered that
the right flank regiment was being held up by a
strong machine-gun nest. He immediately
maneuvered his company to a position where an
enfilading fire could be delivered, enabling the
flanking regiment to attain its objective. By util-
izing the German arms and ammunition, his com-
pany took up the advance when it was discovered
that a wide interval had been left between the two
regiments because of a terrific machine-gun fire on
the flanks of the regiments. He at once directed
his company in the filling of this gap, holding the
position during the night, as well as capturing four
heavy and two light machine guns. Home address,
Lydia E. Leake, mother, R. F. D. No. 6., Roch-
ester, N. Y.
CROCKER, JOHN M Sergeant
Headquarters Company, 322d Field Artillery.
For extraordinary heroism in action near Verdun,
France, October 16 and 17, 1918. Maintaining a
telephone line between infantry and artillery under
a constant artillery barrage, Sergt. Crocker's cour-
age made possible the launching of artillery fire,
which stopped enemy counterattacks. During the
action he repaired 30 breaks, his line being so badly
cut that he was obliged to use enemy wire for re-
pairing. Because of the intensity of the fire, Sergt.
Crocker sent his men to a place of safety, remaining
alone at the hazardous post. Home address, Mrs.
Irene Crocker, mother, 12 North Tenth Street,
Hamilton, Ohio.
CROCKETT, EDWARD L. . . . Sergeant
Company E, 1 16th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Samogneux, France, Octo-
ber 15, 1918. When his company was subjected to
severe machine-gun fire, Sergt. Crockett, with two
other soldiers, attacked a nest of four machine-guns,
TT. Home
Florence,
killing eight of the enemy and capturing 27. Home
address, Mrs. John Crockett, mother, F
Ala.
CROFTS, JOHN A Private
Company C, 120th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Bellicourt, France, Septem-
ber 29, 1918. After being wounded in the left arm
to such an extent that he could not continue his
duties as stretcher bearer, and after being ordered
back for treatment, Pvt. Crafts continued through-
out the day and night under heavy shell fire to
assist such wounded as were able to walk. Next of
kin, John A. Crofts, father, Route 6, Evansville.Ind.
CROLL, GEORGE H.
Private
83d Company, 6th Marines. For extraordinary
heroism in action in Chennery, France, November
2, 1918. Pvt. Croll courageously entered three dug-
outs alone and captured 34 of the enemy. Home
address, Fred Croll, father, 1524 Main Street,
Evanston, 111.
DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS
111
CROMPTON, WILLIAM H. . . . Sergeant
Medical Detachment, 9th Infantry, 2d Battalion.
For extraordinary heroism in action near Blanc
Mont Ridge, France, October 7, 1918. He contin-
ued attending the wounded after the first-aid sta-
tion, in which he was working, was struck by a
shell, which wounded him and killed one of the men.
Next of kin, Herbert Crompton, brother, 156 Covel
Street, Fall River, Mass.
CRONE, JOHN B Captain
60th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action near Murvaux, France, November 6, 1918.
During the operations of his company which re-
sulted in the capture of Murvaux, Capt. Crone,
with the aid of two soldiers, rushed a machine-gun
nest, capturing the gun and gunner. Later in the
day he repulsed a heavy counterattack on the hill
Cote St. Germaine. Home address, Irene Hall
Crone, wife, West Lebanon, Ind.
CRONIN, RAYMOND P Sergeant
Deceased. 49th Company, 5th Regiment,
U. S. M. C. For heroism in action near Chateau
Thierry, June 6, 1918, with Arthur F. Ware, Ser-
geant, of the same company. Under heavy ma-
chine-gun fire, they attempted to establish
liaison with an adjoining French unit, during which
they were killed. Next of kin, Mrs. Edna A.
Cronin, mother, 1503 Berkshire Avenue, Pitts-
burgh, Pa.
CRONKHITE, LEROY G. . Second Lieutenant
308th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in ac-
tion near Binarville, France, September 28, 1918.
In the face of heavy machine-gun fire, Lieutenant
Cronkhite went forward to within hand grenade
range of the enemy lines and brought back to shelter
a soldier who had been severely wounded. Later in
the day he went out alone and located a dangerous
machine-gun nest which was thereupon destroyed.
Although wounded, Lieutenant Cronkhite refused
to be evacuated until October 1, when he was or-
dered to the hospital by the battalion commander.
Home address, Mrs. Minnie E. Cronkhite, mother,
Selah, Wash.
CROPEAU, LOUIS J Private
Company H, 5th Regiment, U. S. M. C. For
extraordinary heroism in action near BelleauWoods,
France, June 13, 1918. While carrying a message
in the Bois de Belleau, he was surrounded by a de-
tachment of Germans, who demanded his surrender.
By his initiative and quick action he not only was
able to return to our lines, but captured four of the
Germans and brought them to our lines. He then
selected a different route and delivered the message.
Home address, Beatrice Cropeau, mother, 60 West-
land Avenue, Boston, Mass.
CROSS, HERBERT A Corporal
Battery E, 12th Field Artillery. For extraor-
dinary heroism in action near Thiaucourt, France,
September 12, 1918. Acting as gunner of the sec-
ond piece, Corpl. Cross continued in the service of
his piece under heavy hostile shell fire. When the
entire gun crew of the first piece was wiped out, at a
word from his executive officer he assumed com-
mand of the first piece, with a hastily organized
crew. He assisted in lifting aside the dead and
wounded and continued in the service of the first
piece during the barrage, until the infantry had
attained their objectives. Home address, Hanman
A. Cross, 320 Gilbert Street, Detroit, Mich.
CROSS, JAMES . . . Second Lieutenant
108th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action near St. Souplet, France, October 15, 1918.
Accompanied by four soldiers, Lieut. Cross made a
reconnaissance of the River La Salle, the journey
being under constant heavy machine-gun fire. To
secure the desired information it was necessary to
wade the stream for the entire distance. On the
following evening, Lieut. Cross taped the line from
which his regiment would launch their attack; and,
in the battle that followed, he was severely wounded.
Home address, Nancy R. Cross, wife, Helmwood,
Tenn.
CROSS, PAUL Private
Machine Gun Company, 325th Infantry For
extraordinary heroism in action near St. Juvin,
France, October 12, 1918. After his machine-gun
squad had been dispersed by a sweeping enemy
fire, Pvt. Cross continued to operate his gun alone
until forced to leave it by the overwhelming enemy
attack. He then killed two of the enemy with his
g'stol, but was severely wounded in the encounter,
is unusual bravery and daring contributed ma-
terially to the success of his regiment in the action.
Home address, Mrs. Nora Pennington, mother,
R. F. D. No. 4, Centerville, Iowa.
CROSS, WILLIE Private
Company M, 117th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Bellicourt, France, October
7, 1918. After three runners had been killed in
attempting to carry a message to an advanced
Elatoon through a heavy artillery and machine-gun
arrage, Pvt. Cross volunteered for the mission
and carried the message through. Next of kin,
Mrs. Maggie Cross, mother, Jefferson City, Tenn.
CROSSEN, VERNON J Sergeant
Deceased. Company E, Fifth Marines. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Landres et
St. Georges, France, November 1-4, 1918. While
Sergt. Crossen was forming an attack a shell hit in
the midst of his platoon. Disregarding the heavy
counter-barrage, he reorganized his command and
led them in attack, continuing for three days, when
he was killed. Next of kin, John Crossen, father,
Dalt Hotel, San Francisco, Cal.
CROW, JOHN H Private
Company F, 114th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Verdun, France, October
12-17, 1918. Throughout the six-days' engagement
this soldier performed heroic duty in maintaining
liaison between regimental and battalion posts of
command. He reorganized relay posts, beyond his
required route, delivered messages when relays
were gone, passing through three barrages to do so,
and, although gassed, refused to quit his work.
Home address, Mrs. Anna H. Collins, mother, 49
Lecard Street, Salem, N. J.
CROWE, FRED A Private
Company D, Seventh Engineers. For extraor-
dinary heroism in action near Cunel, France, Octo-
ber 14, 1918. This soldier crawled forward under
fire from machine-guns and snipers and killed two
Germans who were operating a machine-gun in a
tree. Next of kin, Mrs. Clara Crowe, mother, 2431
Bloomington Avenue, Minneapolis, Minn.
CROWLEY, EDWARD J. . . . Sergeant
Deceased. Company F, 307th Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Glennes,
France, September 15, 1918. Leaving cover, under
heavy machine-gun and shell fire, Sergt. Crowley
visited the outposts, in order the assure himself of
their security. After accomplishing this mission he
fearlessly exposed himself to rescue a wounded
comrade ; and, in so doing, lost his life. Next of kin,
Mrs. George Crowley, mother, 182 East End Ave-
nue, New York, N. Y.
CROWLEY, J. J.
Sergeant
Deceased. Company M, 197th Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Ronssoy,
France, September 29, 1918. When the advance of
112
HEROES ALL
his platoon was checked by perilously heavy
machine-gun fire, from the direct front, Sergt.
Crowley, after ordering his men to cover, advanced
alone and bombed the gun out of action. After
successfully leading his platoon to one of the fur-
thermost points of the advance, he was killed.
Next of kin, Mrs. Hannah Crowley, mother, East
Main Street, Mohawk, N. Y.
CROWTHER, ORLANDO C. . First Lieutenant
Deceased. U. S. M. C. On June 6, 1918, near
Chateau-Thierry, France, he displayed the highest
type of courage and leadership. After all of the
men near him had been killed or wounded, he cap-
tured one machine-gun and crew unaided, and
while attempting to take a second was himself
killed. Next of kin, Mrs. Lou Crowther, mother,
936 East Chestnut Street, Canton, 111.
CRUM, LEO J First Lieutenant
Medical Corps, 126th Infantry. For extraor-
dinary heroism in action near Cierges, France, July
31 and August 1, 1918. During the attack against
Cierges by his regiment he worked continuously and
heroically under fire to treat and evacuate the
wounded. When the house in which his first-aid
station was located was struck by an enemy shell,
he safely evacuated all of his patients and promptly
established another aid station near the front. His
untiring efforts and personal bravery saved the
lives of many wounded and suffering men, and were
a source of inspiration to the entire command.
Home address, Mrs. Mary Crum, wife, 1329 Hill
Crest Avenue, Kalamazoo, Mich.
CRYDER, CHARLES C Corporal
Deceased. Company C, 166th Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Suipps, France,
July 5, 1918. Corpl. Cryder remained with his
commanding officer, who was overcome with gas,
and assisted him to a place of safety during a severe
bombardment, despite the fact that the officer re-
peatedly suggested that he leave him and seek
safety for himself, and that he had previously been
instructd to seek shelter in a concrete dugout 1,000
Srds in the rear in case of bombardment. Next of
i, J. B. Cryder, father, London, Ohio.
CUDDY, GEORGE J Private
Deceased. Company F, 107th Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action near Ronssoy,
France, September 29, 1918. Shot through both
cheeks and the throat, he refused to be evacuated,
and continued to advance through intense machine-
gun fire. Later he fell, mortally wounded by a
third bullet. His heroic conduct was an inspiration
to those near him. Next of kin, Mrs. Hanna Cuddy,
mother, 141 West 10th Street, New York, N. Y.
CUFF, WILLIAM E Private
Deceased. Machine Gun Company No. 2, 370th
Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in action at
Mont des Singes, France, September 28, 1918. Pvt.
Cuff carried important messages for his regimental
commander, constantly exposing himself to heavy
artillery and machine-gun fire until he was killed.
Next of kin, Mrs. Emma Cuff, mother, Eckman,
W.Va.
CULLEN, MICHAEL J. . . . Corporal
Company K, 364th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Eclisfontaine, France, Sep-
tember 28, 1918. With six other soldiers, Corpl.
Cullen responded to a call for volunteers to go four
hundred yards beyond the front line and bring in
wounded comrades. Under terrific machine-gun
and shell fire, he assisted in the rescue of seven
wounded men, also bringing in the dead body of a
company lieutenant. Home address, Mrs. Mary
Cullen, mother, 539 North Albany Avenue, Chi-
cago, 111
CULLEN, WILLIAM J. . First Lieutenant
308th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action near Binarville, France, October 2-8, 1918.
During the advance of his regiment through the
Forest of Argonne, France, Lieut. Cullen led his
company, under intense concentration of machine-
gun fire, to the day's objective, steadying his men
and directing the organization and entrenchment of
his position. During the period in which part of the
regiment was cut off by the enemy, he continued to
visit his posts and encourage his men under intense
concentrations of trench-mortar and machine-gun
fire, effectively directing the repulse of attacks on
his position. On October 4-5-6 this officer, observ-
ing friendly airplanes, left his shelter and went out
into a cleared space in plain view of the enemy and
under intense machine-gun fire signaled the position
to the airplanes. During all this critical time when
his company, as well as the battalion, was entirely
without food for five days, he displayed coolness,
good judgment, and efficiency, furnishing an inspir-
ing example to his men. His gallantry in action
contributed materially to the holding of the left
flank and the successful resistance made by his
battalion. Home address, William F. Cullen,
father, 1187 Woody crest Avenue, New York City.
CULLISON, JESSE M. . Lieutenant Colonel
28th Infantry. At Laversines, France, July 18,
1918, he distinguished himself by doing more than
his duty in disposing front-line troops in effective
position, fearlessly subjecting himself to danger in
order to accomplish his task and thereby inspiring
the officers and men of his brigade to valorous and
successful attack. Home address, Mrs. G. F.
Crook, sister, Howardsville, Md.
CULNAN, JOHNH Sergeant
49th Company, Fifth Regiment, U. S. M. C. At
Chateau-Thierry, France, June 6, 1918, while assist-
ing a wounded man to the rear, he was himself
wounded in the head, but carried out his mission,
succeeding in bringing the other wounded man to
the dressing station. Home address, Mrs. Rose B.
Culnan, mother, 1907 Riverdale Avenue, Mari-
nette, Wis.
CULVER, STANLEY Private
Company C, 314th Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Moirey, France, November
10, 1918. During an advance Pvt. Culver, though
suffering from wounds, carried important messages
under heavy shell fire from battalion to company
commander, refusing to have his wounds dressed
until his mission was completed. He returned after
treatment was given, and remained at his work as
runner, not allowing himself to be evacuated. Home
address, Mrs. Rachael Creveling, mother, Town-
hill, Pa.
CUMMINGS, A VERY D Colonel
181st Infantry Brigade. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Gesnes, France, September
29, 1918. During the attack on Gesnes he, then a
lieutenant colonel, in addition to performing his
regular duties as brigade adjutant, 181st Brigade,
went forward with the front line of attack, direct-
ing the organization and outposting of the front
line after Gesnes and the army objective beyond it
had been captured. All of the senior officers of the
assaulting regiment having been killed or wounded
in the attack on Gesnes, he unhesitatingly organ-
ized the scattered elements of the regiment and
pushed the attack home to final success. Home
address, Mrs. Mildred D. Cummings, wife, 2919
Pacific Avenue, San Francisco, Cal.
CUMMINGS, FRANK J Sergeant
Headquarters C9mpany, 102d Infantry. For
extraordinary heroism in action at Marcheville,
France, September 26, 1918. Sergt. Cummings re-
peatedly volunteered for dangerous missions,
DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS
113
carrying messages through violent artillery and
machine-gun fire. When a small portion of his
organization was cut off by the enemy, he went to
their aid alone, and with his pistol cleaned out a
bombers' nest. Home address, Mrs. E. E. Nesbit,
guardian, 85 Beers Street, New Haven, Conn.
CUMMINS, FRED Private
Company F, 132d Infantry. For extraordinary
heroism in action near Consenvoye, France, Octo-
ber 9, 1918. Pvt. Cummins, single-handed, cap-
tured a German machine-gun, killing one of the
crew and routing the others. He then turned the
gun on the enemy with great effectiveness, protect-
ing the right flank of his battalion. Later in the
day he volunteered and rescued an outpost of three
men, which was surrounded by the enemy. He
performed these missions with great courage,
bravery, and initiative, subjected to severe enemy
fire throughout the entire exploit. Home address,
Mrs. Mary M. Cummins, mother, Carrier Mills, 111.
CUNNINGHAM, CHARLES E. . . Sergeant
Deceased. Company K, 126th Infantry. Al-
though seriously wounded during a surprise attack
by a German patrol in the vicinity of Hecken, Al-
sace, on May 27, 1918, he continued to direct his
men and succeeded in driving the enemy off. Home
address, Mrs. Augusta Pangburn, mother, 1317
Lafayette Avenue, Grand Rapids, Mich.
CUNNINGHAM, FLOYD L. . First Lieutenant
116th Infantry. For extraordinary heroism in
action near Brabant, France, October 8, 1918.
Lieut. Cunningham displayed rare courage in vol-
untarily going to the assistance of a wounded com-
rade, under heavy machine-gun and shell fire.
Home address, Imes Cunningham, brother, Min-
ong, Wis.
CUNNINGHAM, OLIVER B. . . . Captain
Deceased. 15th Field Artillery. For repeated
acts of extraordinary heroism in action near Ville-
montoire, Chateau-Thierry, and St. Mihiel, France,
July 21, 1918, to September 17, 1918. During this
period Capt. Cunningham, with utter disregard for