ing houses, etc., in addition to the regvilar
boarders (c) 4,100
" " In the Hospitals 481
" " U. S. soldiers at the Forts (d) 800
" " Engaged upon water crafts, ocean, bay and river,
" » claiming residence in this city (e) 2,500
» " Foreigners, French, Spanish, etc., names not regis-
tered (/) 1,950
" " Between 5 and 21 5,919
" " Under 5 6,803
Total white males -53,053
Females over 18 14,783
" Names not Registered * • • ' 500
" Between 5 and 18 4,821
" Under 5 5,136
Total white females 25,240
Chinese males over 21 2,400
" Females over 18 520
" Males under 21 and females under 18 210
Total Ciiinese 3,130
Colored males over 21 800
Under 21 250
" Females over 18 600
Under 18 150
Total Colored 1,800
Total population of the City and County of San Francisco 83,223
(ii) The number of names in the present volume exceeds thirty tlionsand, of wliicli nearly three thousand
are composed of non-resident partners of firms doing business in this city, feniales, Chinese, and colored.
(b) This is from actual count, and ia composed of a class of population who have no permanent place of abode.
(c) This estimate has been arrived at by careful investigation. iNumber of hotels and lodging houses in the city, 340.
Id) The number at Fort Point, Alcatraces, and Presidio in June last.
(e) This number is composed of persons sailing from this port who have shipped from this city.
If) This number has been obtained from actual enumeration.
NATIONAL CENSUS.
From the official returns deposited at the office of the County Clerk. Com-
piled expressly for the San Francisco Directory, 1861-62.
WHITE MALES.
Under 1 year. .1,730
2 " .. 777
" 3 " .. 730
" 4 " .. 627
" 5 " .. 645
WHITE FEMALES.
Under 1 year.. 1,563
.. 739
2
3
4
5
677
600
551
Total under 5 4,509 Total under 5
Between 5 and 10 1,842 Between 5 and 10
" 10 " 20 2,915
" 20 " 30 10,184
" 30 " 40 0,390
" 40 " 50 2.581
" 50 " 60 842
" 60 " 70 162
80 36
" 70
" 80 " 90.
Total white males 32.463
under 5
1 5
and 10
10
20
20
30
80
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
80
80
90
4,130
1 831
^98
6,226
3,441
1,119
484
122
52
7
CHINESE.
Males of all ages 2,168
Females of all ages. . 448
Total Chinese 2,616
COLORED.
Males of all ages 711
Females of all ages . . . 435
Total colored 1,146
RECAPITULATION.
White males, all ages 32,463
White females, all ages 20,610
Total whites 53,073
Chinese, male and female. . 2,616
Colored, male and female. . 1,146
Total white females. .20,610 Total pop.. City and Co.*.. 56,835
*The official returns place the number at 56,805, a discrepancy as likely to exist in copying the census as In mak-
ing our classification. — Editor.
PROGRESS OF THE CITY.
An examination of tlie foregoinirr table exhibits at a glance a vast differ-
ence between the population of this city and count}', as there stated, and as
found by the national enumeration made last November, the official return
of which presents an aggregate of 56,805. A dissection of the data upon
Avhich our enumeration is founded will confirm its correctness, and satisfac-
torily prove the inaccuracy of the Federal census, after making a liberal
allowance for the increase of population in the interval between the two
periods of enumeration.
It will be observed that our register of names includes nearly 30,000, of
whom 27,000 are white males over twentj'-one years of age. There is, also,
a class which, in San Francisco, has always been numerous, who may bo
termed for the occasion municipally nomadic, who are residents, but who
either from frequent change of abode or other cause, refuse to give name
and residence, and hence are not registered, although permanent residents
in this city. We have spared no pains to obtain an approximation to the
actual number of such, and have not overstated it. When we inform our
readers that San Francisco contains three hundred and forty hotels and
boarding houses, they will not be disposed to question the accuracy of our
figures, which assigns 4,100 as the number of boarders, over and above those
regular residents whose names are registered as inmates of these establish-
ments. The figures which make up our aggregate need no further explana-
tion than our statement that they have been arrived at by the exercise of
careful industry, with an anxious desire to avoid error.
We might further fortify our returns by alluding to the number of dwo^'
ings and other data, but we feel that we have presented sufficient facts am'.
suggestions to enable any intelligent gentleman to arrive at a just conclu-
sion upon this subject. We shall, therefore, close by giving our patrons the
result of our own reflections, after a careful review of the figures presented,
not only by ourselves but by the United States census, and this is, that San
Francisco possesses at this writing nearly 75,000 permanent inhabitants and
a floating population of nearly 10,000.
POPULATION, 1862.
The observations made during the progress of the canvass for the present
issue of the Directory, fully confirm the accuracy of our population statistics
of last year, which are again presented as a basis for forming an estimate of
the progress of the city during the past twelve months, and the extent of
our population at the present time.
The number of names contained in the present volume of the Directory
exceeds thirty-four thousand, of which thirty-two thousand are white males
over twenty one years of age. This exhibits an increase over that of last
year of four thousand, or nearly nineteen per cent. The number of females
over eighteen, at present in this city, is estimated at seventeen thousand five
hundred, an increase of twenty-three hundred, or over fifteen per cent. The
aggregate number of males under twenty-one, and females under eighteen,
SAN FRANCISCO DIRECTORY.
exceeds twenty-five thousand, an increase of nearly twenty per cent. It is
believed that the annual increase of children, to our permanent population,
exceeds five thousand, and that the school census, to be taken during the
next month, (October,) will show this element alone, of our population, to
exceed twenty-seven thousand.
The following table, compiled from the most reliable data, 4s presented as
an estimate of the population of San Francisco, August 1, 1862, and in direct-
ing attention thereto, it is believed to be as fair an approximation as can be
made without an official and accurate canvass :
White males over 21, names in the present volume 32,000
" Females over 18, estimated 17,500
" Males under 21 and females under 18, estimated 25,000
" Males, names refused, and foreigners " 4,200
Chinese, male and female 3,250
Colored, " " 1,875
Total permanent population 83,825
To which should be added a large element of our population known as "float-
ing," which consists of: 1st. Trausient boarders, etc., at hotels, boarding-
houses, etc. 2d. Soldiers at the fortifications in the harbor. 3d. Persons
engaged in navigating the bay, who claim this city as their residence. 4th.
A large number of persons in our midst who have no permanent place of
abode, together amounting to about 8,000
Total population 91,826
CITY IMPROVEMENTS.
Intending to make our Annual Directory of San Francisco, a register and
record of the progress and growth of the city, we again present an article
upon the improvements which have been made within the past year, ending
on the 1st July, 1862. There have been years before in Avhich more houses
were built, and more new residents came to increase our population ; yet it
has been a year in which the city was greatly improved and beautified. No
other city in the Union has had so large a proportionate increase of popula-
tion, or enjojT^ed so much prosperity.
Streets. — And first in regard to street improvements. During the twelve-
month ending on the Ist Julj^, 1862, a vast amount of work was done in im-
proving the streets of the city. The amount of dirt removed in bringing
streets to the proper grade, either by cutting away hills, or by filling up
hollows, was 358,049 cubic yards, equal to a mass 213 feet long, 213 feet
wide, and 213 feet high. The lumber used in planking, (for we are not yet
rich enough to pave all our streets,) measured 1,430,363 square feet. In
board measure, a square foot is an inch thick, but the planks used upon our
carriage ways are nearly three inches thick, so that the superficial square
feet of street, covered by that lumber, measure about 500,000. In other
words, about two miles of street, at an average of forty feet wide in the
carriage way, were covered with planks three inches thick in the course of
one year. Of sidewalk, 17,666 front feet, or more than three miles in length,
were made. Of paving, 122,764 square feet, equivalent to three fifths of a
mile, of street, forty feet wide in the carriage way, were completed. Of
brick sewers 10,000 lineal feet, or nearly two miles, have been made. Th©
PROGRESS OF THE CITY. 19
total cost of these street improvements was 8392,264, a sum which is much
below the average annual cost of similar work in San Francisco. This osti-
mate includes much work done by the property' owners.
The site of the village of Yorba Buena, in 1846, was on the steep hill-sido,
cut up by numerous gullies, and bounded on the south by a tract of sand^
which lay in a succession of steep parallel hills, from twenty to forty feet
high, covered with stunted and tangled bushes. The place was inaccessible
for a heavily-laden wagon, and when reached, it offered no broad expanse
for the erection of a great city. But it was destined, nevertheless, that a
great city should be built here and the work has been done. The cove, a milo
across from Eincon to Clark's Point, and half a mile deep, has been filled in
the hills have been cut down to gentle slopes to obtain material for encroach-
ing upon the sea; gullies have been filled up; the sand-hills have been lev-
eled down; the bay and the marsh have been changed into dry ground.
There never was a city in which changes so great had been made by man ii..
the topography of its site; and he who now sees the place for the first time,
can scarcely conceive how such great labors should have been accomplished^
or even seriously contemplated. The earth that has been moved in leveling
the site of San Francisco, would make a mountain beside which all the pyr^
amids and artificial mounds would, as to size, sink into insignificance.
Among the streets which have been graded, are Harrison, from Third to
Eighth (where 150,000 cubic yards of sand had to be cut down or filled in;)
Filbert, from Taylor to Jones; Bryant, between Third and Fourth; Califor-
ma, between Mason and Taylor; Lombard, between Mason and Taylor;
Broadway, between Mason and Powell; Hyde, between Sutter and Post,'
Bryant, between Second and Third; Turk, between Taylor and Jones; Ma-
son, between Bush and Sutter, and also between Chestnut and Francisco
and also between Washington and Clay; Seventh, between Howard and
Folsom; Larkin, between Bush and Sutter; Eighth, between Folsom and
Mission; Sacramento, between Jones and Leavenworth; Sutter, between
Powell and Mason, and also between Hyde and Leavenworth ; Jessie, be-
tween Fourth and Fifth; Leavenworth, between Sutter and Bush; O'Far-
rell, between Mason and Taylor, and also between Jones and Leavenworth
and Taylor; Taylor, between Greenwich and Lombard, and some other less
important blocks. In all, forty-seven blocks of street were graded during
the year, and twenty other blocks are in progress. Most of this work wat
done west of Taylor Street, or south of Bush, in the newer parts of the city
No one street was graded more than Harrison, which was brought to the
proper level from Third to Eighth Street. The planking was distributed
round in all parts of the city. One of the most important improvements of
the year, was the increase of the width of the sidewalks in a number of the
most important streets, to the great gratification and increased convenience
of those who are in the habit of walking much in the business parts of tJ-
city. The change was especially needed in Washington, Kearny, and xAIout-
gomery streets; the last has now sidewal ks worthy of the Broadway of the
20
SAN FRANCISCO DIRECTORY.
Pacific, and elegant ladies, no longer fearful of the disagreeable jostling of
former times, now resort to it, not only for purposes of business, but as a
pleasant promenade, and as the value of property in the fashionable retail
street of a great city increases with the number of promenaders, so the
value of property on Montgomery Street, has risen, perceptibly, in conse-
quence of the widening of the sidewalks. The following figures from the
report of G. T. Bohen, Street Superintendent for the past year, deserve a
permanent record here :
CLASS OP WORK DONE.
Grading
Planking
Paving
Macadamizing
Sidewalks
Brick Sewers, etc
Redwood Sewers, etc..
Crosswalks, Curbs, etc.
Piling and Capping. . . .
Total
MEASUREMENT.
979,643 cubic yards
1,721,310 feet.
122,754 square feet
29,417 square feet
16,806 front feet
10,308 lineal feet
1,606 lineal feet
6,324 lineal feet
771 lineal feet of Caps
COST,
$226,788 85
52,235 91
20,542 75
1,436 75
15,443 36
61,915 59
4,942 63
6,329 95
2,628 22
.$392,264 01
Buildings. — These great street improvements were accompanied by a
relative increase in the number and quality of the edifices of the city.
During the 3'ear, 1,228 buildings were commenced, and most of them finished.
About two-thirds of them, 856, were of wood, and the remaining third, 372,
of brick. Among these were many of the largest and most elegant houses
of the city, including the Kuss House, the Lick House, the Occidental Hotel,
and the Metropolitan Theater. Parrott's building, on the northwestern cor-
ner of Montgomery and Sacramento, and Belden's building, on the south-
western corner of Montgomery and Bush, were greatly enlarged and beau-
tified. Besides, 200 buildings commenced in the previous year, were finished
in this. Among these, is the Masonic Temple, on the northwestern corner
of Post and Montgomery streets. It is 75 by 160 feet on the ground, and
one of the highest in the city. Most of the new buildings have been erected
south of Market Street, but all parts of the city have improved greatly.
The northwestern district made more progress within a twelvemonth than
in three years before.
The three principal hotels of the city were erected during the last year.
Previous to 1862, the Oriental, the International, and the American Ex-
chage were the favorite resorts of transient fashionable people ; but now they
have been thrown into the second rank by the larger, more magnificent, and
more favorably situated Lick House, Euss House, and Occidental Hotel.
The Euss House was opened in April, 1862. It is one of the largest hotels
in the world - that is upon the ground, but in hight it is only three stories.
It IS 275 feet long by 137^ wide, and occupies the whole block on the west-
ern side of Montgomery, between Pine and Bush, fronting upon all those
streets. Whether any other hotel in the world has so long a front, we know
not. The ground floor fronting on Montgomery Street is used for stores,
save an entrance for the hotel, and a dining room. The material of the
building 18 brick, covered with light yellowish brown stucco. The name is
derived from the former owner of the land, who came to California in 1847,
PROGRESS OF THE CITY,
21
and loft a large estate to his widow and children. There are 46 parlors with
bed rooms attached, and the total number of appartments is 190.
The Lick House is 200 feet long by 160 wide, with fronts on Montgomery,
Sutter, and Lick streets. It is a very strong building, with thick brick wails,
carefully braced with strongiron rods, to secure it again.st injury by earth-
quakes. The ground floor on Montgomery Street is occupied by stores, ex-
cept at the main entrance, which is 16 feet wide and 18 feet high. The
building was designed to accommodate families of permanent boarders, and
probably no hotel in the world is so well fitted to please that class of cus-
tomers. It is elegantly finished and furnished, and it is supplied with all
the modern conveniences. There are about 60 parlors in tiie house, each
with a bed room attached. The hight of the building is three stories. The
name is derived from James Lick, the owner.
The Occidental Hotel stands on the southeastern corner of Montgomery
and Bush, 137^ feet long on the latter street, and 81 on the former. The
owner of the ground owns the adjacent land on Montgomery Street, and in-
tends to add 127 feet more of front there so soon as the leases under which
the present tenants hold shall have expired. The total length of the hotel
will thus be 208 feet. The building is five stories high, but the ground floor
is occupied for stores, and does not belong properly to the hotel, which con-"
tains 156 rooms. The material is brick, covered with reddish brown stucco.
After the additional structure on Montgomery Street is erected, the main
entrance will be on that street. The building was erected by Jas. Donahue
and Joseph A. Donohoe, but the former has died since its completion.
These three magnificent hotels arc all within three blocks, between Pine
and Post on Montgomexy Street, and in a part of it where there were pre-
viously no fashionable stores, and no resorts for fashionable people. But
these immense buildings have now attracted all the wealthy travelers, and
many of the fashionable boarders ; and besides upon their ground floor are
the most elegant stores of-the city. The consequence is not only that those
hotels which were first-class a year ago have now sunk to a secondary rank,
but Cla}'^ and Sacramento streets, between Montgomery and Kearny, which
formerl}'' bad all the finest retail stores for ladies' goods, have now lost a
large part of their trade, having been deserted for the new resort of fashion
and wealth. The value of propert}' has been greatly aff'ected by the change,
and the owners of lots in the southern part of Montgomery Street say they
have the most valuable land in the city.
Number of buildings in the City and County of San Francisco, including
those in the course of erection August 20, 1861 :
Wood. — One story 4,033
" Two stories 5,090
" Three stories 180
Four stories.
-9,308
Brick.— One story 272
" Two stories 1,126
" Three stories 438
Four stories.
Five stories.
69
3
Iron. — One story . , . .
" Two stories. .
" Three stories.
8
30
6
-1,898
Iron. — Four stories.
47
Adobe. — One story. . . .
" Two stories. .
" Three stories.
" Four stories. .
Stone. — One story. . . ,
" Two stories .
" Three stories.
" Four stories.
Total.
11,2G5
Number of buildings erected from August 20, 1861, to August 20, 1862,
1,288, viz: Brick, 372; Wood, 856. Old buildings destroyed, 210. Net in-
crease, 1,018. Total number of buildings in the city, August. 1862,
12,283; of which 2,270 ai3 of brick.
GHEONOLOGICAL HISTOEY OF PEINCIPAL EVENTS
From July 1st. 1861, to June 30th, 1862.
Jri.Y 1, 18G1. Shipment' of Treasure by
steamship St. Louis, $1,008,297 84 The new
public scliool house, coruer of "Washington and
ilason streets, was opened to-day. . . .The new
Metropolitan Theatre was opened for public per-
formances to an immense audience.
July 2. Appearance of the great cometr. . .
District Attorney Harvey S. Brown, resigned.
Jui-Y 3. Arrival of the Pony Express with
Overland letters from New York, etc.. .. .A se-
vere shock of earthquake. . . .A dozen wooden
houses were destroyed by fire on Telegraph Hill.
JcLY 4. The annual celebration of our glo-
rious Independence was observed with great
pomp and ceremony to-day. The military were
out in full force. The various military and civic
bodies formed in procession and marched through
the main streets of the city. An oration was de-
livered at the Metropolitan Theater by Edward
Tompkins, the declaration of Independence read
by Pr. H. M. Gray, and a Poem spoken by John
R. Ridge. The Floral Procession had appropri-
ate exercises at Piatt's Music Hall. In the even-
ing fireworks on Washington Square. . . .Arrival
of P. M. S. S. Orizaba. . . .A fire occurred in J.
Frank & Co.'s cigar store, 315 Clay Street. Loss
§100,000— insured for $60,000.
July 8. The Society of California Pioneers
elected officers for ensuing year. President, H.
M. Oray; Vice Presidents, James Donahue, H.
F. Williams, James Lick, George C. Yount, and
Levi Hite; Secretary, W. R.Wheaton Ladies'
Protection and Relief Society held its eighth an-
niversary exorcises at the LTnitarian Church
Joseph Jefferson, the comedian, made his first
appearance.
July 11. The steamship Uncle Sam left for
Panama with $.1,273,699 93 in treasure Dis-
trict Attorney Nathan Porter, commenced his
duties.
July 12. Fire on Simmons Street. Loss,
$15,000. . . .Amount of receipts over expenses
of the Festival at the Willows, for the benefit of
the French R. C. Church, Notre Dame des Yic-
toires, $3,019 38.
July. 15. A street fracas occurred between
Gov. Downey, John Middleton, and Myles D.
Sweeny Specimens of tobacco raised in Yuba
County were exhibited to-day— said to be equal
to Yirginia The Yemionters have raised $500
to purchase a flag, the Rhode Islanders $700 for
th(! same purpose, to send East for the regiments
from each respective State now in the war.
Mrs. Elizabeth Grosvenor, daughter of Thomas
Hamblin, New York, died suddenly of apoplexy.
. . . .The Custom House officers seized as contra-
band, $10,000 worth of diamonds which came by
last steamer, in care of Mr. Seliz.
July 16. Report of the Superintendent of
Public Schools, Mr. Denraan. Total amount of
warrants drawn on the Treasury for fiscal year
ending June 30, 1861, $182,361 46 Receipt
of President Lincoln's Message sent to the Ex-
tra Session of Congress on the 4th iust.
July 19. Charles Estern, a Norwegian, com-
mitted suicide by hanging. . . .The French Con-
sul gives notice that French citizens must not
enter the army, north, or south, but maintain
strict neutrality The first Overland Mail ar-
rived.
July 20. Departure of the S. S. Golden Age
with .$1,249,539 73 in treasure An American
flag was sent East for the New York 69th Reg.
July 22. David Scannell, Chief Engineer of
the Fire Department, made his quarterly report.
During that time the Departmant were called out
30 times — 18 for fires and 12 for false alarms.
The report shows the force of the Department
to be 822 members.
July 25. The Cortez arrived from the North
bringing $97,266 from the new mines.
July 26. Franklin West, son of Col. J. R.
West, was killed by a runaway horse.
July 28. A fire occurred on Kearny Street.
Loss, about $2,500.
July 30. Dr. Munson, Assistant Assayer of
the U. S. Branch Mint, resigned. A. G. Dexter
was appointed successor. . . .Fire on Davis Street,
and eight wooden buildings destroyed.
July 31. A Democratic (Breckenridge) meet-
ing held at Music Hall which was considered dis-
union, and finally broken up by the strong Union
portion of the audience.
August 1. The steamship Golden Gate with
$1,370,443 86, in treasure, sailed for Panama.
... .A splendid American flag, cotton up by the
New Hampshire residents of the city, at a cost of
$800, was forwarded to the 1st New Hanipsbire
Regiment. . . .The Sunday law went into effect.
A fire on Davis Sti-eet, destroying property
to the value of $8,000. . . .The colored people had
a celebration at Hayes' Park. . . .John Sweeny
was trampled to death- by frightened mules in a
corral. ......
Aug. 2. Julius . Kreyeiihagen, a prominent
merchant, and Consul. tor Saxony,' and William
W. Bennett, died very suddenly. . . .News by
Pony Express of a Federal retreat at Bull Run,
Virginia... .Gen. Sumner, U.S. A., received a
dispatch from the War Department, accepting
one repiment 'jf infantry and five companies of
cavah\ from OaJifoi lia. . . .Bonney, the murderer
of Hirscli, -R-as s. i -enced at San Leandro, to be
hung on tho.2Sti.: iN ptember The City Treas-
urer's monthly report shows a cash balance of
$87,ysa 01. .
Aug. 3. Destruction of the Golden Gate Brew-
ery by firo. Loss $10,000.
Aug. 5. The Youiif? Men's Christian Asso-
ciation held its annual meetini? and election.