first " three years' " regiment from Connecticut (the
Sixth Infantry), and served as a private for seventeen
months, during which period the regiment was at-
tached to the Army of the Potomac at Washington,
and the Army of the South at Hilton Head and
Beaufort, S. C. With the regiment he participated
in the expedition which sailed from Fortress Monroe,
Va., to Port Royal, S. C., in November, 1861, under
Gen. W. T. Sherman and Commodore Dupont, and
which was threatened with destruction in the terrible
ocean storm off Cape Hatteras. He witnessed the
picturesque bombardment of Forts Walker and
Beauregard, Nov. 7, 1861, and was among the first
Union troops on South Carolina soil,
He participated with his regiment in the campaign
and expeditions about Hilton Head, and witnessed
the bombardment and reduction of Fort Pulaski, at
the mouth of the Savannah River, from Danfuskie
Island, where the Sixth Connecticut was stationed,
prepared for an emergency.
In February, 1863. Mr. Bailey was commissioned
by Governor Gamble as second lieutenant in the Sixth
Missouri Infantry, then stationed at Young's Point,
! La., opposite Vicksburg, and a part of the Fifteenth
i Army Corps and Army of the Tennessee. He par-
y*
BENCH AND BAR.
1507
ticipated in the entire campaign of Vicksburg, com-
manding his company in the bloody assaults upon
that stronghold on the 19th and 22d of May, 1863.
He was slightly wounded, but remained in the field
until the surrender of the city, July 4th. He par-
ticipated in the battles of Champion Hills and Jack-
son, and accompanied his command to the relief of
Chattanooga, when the Army of the Tennessee, under
Grant, hastened to the relief of the beleaguered Army
of the Cumberland, under Thomas. With the Fif-
teenth Army Corps, under Sherman, he participated
in the bloody battle of Missionary Ridge and the
night pursuit of Bragg's defeated army. Thence he
proceeded with the Fifteenth Corps to the hurried re-
lief of Buruside, besieged by Longstreet at Knox-
ville. After the raising of the latter siege the army
returned to winter-quarters in Northern Alabama. He
participated in the Atlanta campaign, opening in May,
1864, and took an active part in the battles of Resaca
and Dallas, and several minor engagements and skir-
mishes with his company. When the term of service
of his regiment expired he, with most of the regi-
ment, promptly re-enlisted for " three years, unless
sooner discharged." Shortly after he was promoted j
to be first lieutenant of his company, and shortly !
thereafter detailed from the regiment to serve as aide-
de-camp on the staff of Maj.-Gen. Morgan L. Smith,
then commanding the Second Division of the Fifteenth
Army Corps, in which capacity he remained during
the rest of his service in the army. At the battle of
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., he performed a brilliant
service. Having been directed to accompany the as-
saulting lines, and report concerning the position and
works of the enemy, he was in the thickest of the fire
of that terrible assault, and observed the insurmount-
able obstacles forbidding the success of the venture.
He picked his way back among the dead and wounded,
and reported to Gen. Smith the causes of defeat. As
orders had been given to " re-form and re-assault at
three P.M.," it was important that Gen. Logan (com-
manding the Fifteenth Army Corps) should be at
once apprised of the situation, and Lieut. Bailey was
detailed for that purpose. Mounted, he made his way
three miles through the timber cover to Logan's
headquarters, where he found Gen. Logan and Gen.
McPherson. He reported the situation, and was
questioned by Gen. McPherson as to his own opinion,
and modestly said that he thought that any further
attempt to carry the works by assault would prove
only a useless sacrifice of life. Thereupon he was di-
rected to return to Gen. Smith with the order that he
was not to re-assault without further orders. Lieut.
Bailey dashed back, and on the way was the target of
batteries, whose aim was to intercept a solitary horse-
man galloping across the open space, and evidently
the bearer of a very important message. Eventually
an exploding shell prostrated the horse and dismounted
and severely wounded the rider. Regaining their
feet, though torn and bleeding, rider and horse were
soon again hurrying to insure the delivery of the
order. When he arrived the troops were in line for
another assault. The welcome order was delivered,
the bugle sounded the halt, the troops cheered, but
the enemy, mistaking the cheers as indicating another
assault, opened a furious fire upon the supposed ad-
vance. The " further orders to assault" never came.
Thus many valuable lives were saved from useless
sacrifice.
At the battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864, Lieut.
Bailey was assigned to the important duty of ascer-
taining at what point in the Confederate lines Hood's
forces were massed for the assault on the Federal
works, in order that they might be opposed by the
Union reserves. He selected an elevated position im-
mediately in rear of the Federal works, and awaited
the terrible battle which followed, and was captured
and taken into Atlanta. While at a point about forty
miles within the Confederate lines he escaped by the
novel means of being buried alive, and permitting his
captors to march off and leave him. After two and
a half months of endeavor to regain the Federal
lines, enduring many hardships, and having many
narrow escapes and romantic experiences, he finally
gained a point within one mile of the Federal pickets,
where he was captured by Confederate guerrillas, taken
into the woods, and given " two minutes" to prepare
to die. By remarkable presence of mind and by resort-
ing to a ruse he again escaped, though shot at four
times, receiving a rifle-ball through his right lung
and shoulder, which wound for months after seriously
threatened his life. He regained the Federal lines at
Atlanta, gradually recovered, aud when Sherman
" marched to the sea" was, with other wounded, re-
moved to St. Louis, and subsequently promoted cap-
tain of his company, but retained his position on the
division stuff until the close of the war.
A graphic account of his peculiar experiences at
the battle of Atlanta and while within the Confeder-
ate lines has been published by Capt. Bailey in a neat
little volume entitled " A Private Chapter of the War,"
which was highly commended by officers and soldiers
of the late war, and referred to by the press generally
throughout the country as one of most thrilling and
absorbing interest.
During the war Mr. Bailey acted as special artist
and correspondent of the New York Illustrated News,
1508
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
and his many sketches and accounts of war incidents ap-
pearing in that pictorial work were noted for a degree
of accuracy hardly to be expected from mere war corre-
spondents and artists, whose duty required of them no
exposure to extraordinary dangers.
After the surrender of Lee and Johnson, Capt. -
Bailey was mustered out of the service of the gov- '
ernment, and shortly after received from Governor
Fletcher, of Missouri, a position on his staff, with the '
rank of first lieutenant, and was assigned to duty as ;
enrolling officer of the city and county of St. Louis,
and enrolled all citizens subject to military duty into
regiments of Missouri militia. In June, 1865, Mr.
Bailey had sufficiently recovered from his wound to
commence the study of law in the office of Hon.
Charles D. Drake, of St. Louis. He completed his
legal studies in the office of the late Judge James
K. Knight, of St. Louis, and was admitted to the bar
of Missouri in 1866 by the late Judge Reber, and to
practice in the United States courts by an examining
board in 1867. He has ever since been practicing
law in the city of St. Louis, enjoying a handsome
practice in the civil and appellate courts, which was
won only by a strict and careful attention to business,
conscientious discharge of duty, and unquestioned
integrity, coupled with acknowledged ability.
In 1870, Mr. Bailey married Mary G., daughter of
Dr. G. W. Scollay, of St. Louis, of which union three
children were born, two of whom still survive. For
the benefit of his family Mr. Bailey established his
home in Kirkwood, a suburban town thirteen miles
from the city on the Missouri Pacific Railroad, where
he resided until 1878, when he removed to the city.
When Mr. Bailey went to Kirkwood the town
court was held in general contempt on account of its
futile efforts to enforce the law and command respect.
The orders and writs of the court were disregarded and
remained unexecuted, and the recorder was in court
openly defied and insulted by some of those who were
violent in their opposition to the enforcement of the
town ordinances against the sale of intoxicating liquors
without a license. At the earnest solicitation of the
recorder, Mr. Bailey accepted the appointment of pros-
ecuting attorney for the town, and grasping the situa-
tion, at once inaugurated a new order of things. His
first step was to enforce respect for the law and the
court, which having been accomplished by a series of
energetic and masterly proceedings, prosecutions were
then vigorously conducted, fines were collected, and
the guilty punished, and Kirkwood has ever since had
a worthy court.
In 1874, Mr. Bailey was nominated and elected for
two years a member of the House of Representatives
of the Missouri Legislature. His representative dis-
trict extended entirely around the city of St. Louis,
from the Missouri to the Mississippi River, embrac-
ing three large townships. He was elected as a
" Straight" Republican, defeating both a Democratic
and a " Liberal" Republican opponent. In the Legis-
lature Mr. Bailey took an active and prominent part
in all measures of importance which came before the
House, and, as the most prominent Republican news-
paper of the State said, " made his influence felt on
the right side of almost every contest in the House."
An incident illustrating the fidelity of Mr. Bailey
to his tried friends is found in the record of the con-
test between the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company
and its colored passengers in 1873. The latter were
sold only first-.class tickets, but were compelled to ride
in the smoking-car. Women and children and infants
constituted no exception to the requirement. Finally
a colored girl attempted to enter the regular Kirk-
wood passenger-car, but was forcibly opposed and mal-
treated by the brakeman. Her friends sought re-
dress, but resident counsel were generally afraid to
take hold of the case on account of " public senti-
ment." Mr. Bailey was appealed to, and accepted the
case, ignoring "public sentiment," and glad to be
able to cancel a portion of his indebtedness to the
colored race on account of services gratuitously ren-
dered to him while in the Confederate lines. He
declared that the requirement of the railroad company
was a discrimination against " race and color," and
was prohibited by the Constitution of the United
States and of Missouri, and secured the arrest, con-
viction, and fining of the brakeman for assault and
battery. A civil suit for damages was also prepared,
but was ended by the company agreeing formally to
acknowledge the right of colored passengers to ride
in first-class seats at first-class prices. The case at-
tracted widespread attention, the question involved
(the application of the Fifteenth Amendment) being
put to the test for the first time in Missouri.
. During the labor riots of 1877, when mobs held
possession of St. Louis, Mr. Bailey's military knowl-
edge was rendered available, and he was prominent in
effecting the military organization in Kirkwood for
home protection known as the " Kirkwood Rifles,"
which was composed of the most prominent citizens
of the town. The company was drilled to efficiency
by Mr. Bailey and others, and its services were ten-
dered to and accepted by the town authorities to assist
in the preservation of the public peace. Mr. Bailey
succeeded Capt. Wright as commander of the com-
pany, and remained in command until its services
were no longer required.
>
O'
BENCH AND BAR.
1509
In politics Mr. Bailey is an earnest Republican.
He is generally recognized as a skilled parliamen-
tarian, and is a prominent member of various orders
and societies, the Masonic fraternity, the American
Bar Association, the national and local Legion of
Honor, the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, ;
and the Grand Army of the Republic, etc.
Mr. Bailey is also an enthusiastic advocate of out- I
door recreation, especially for professional men. Being
deprived, on account of his wound, of even the un-
satisfactory benefits afforded by a city gymnasium, he I
has always set apart convenient days for out-door ex-
ercises in the hunting-fields, claiming that more can
be accomplished in six days by spending one in such
recreation than otherwise. He is an expert wing-shot,
and an admirer of well-bred and well-trained setters
and pointers, and attributes his present excellent state
of health and power of endurance to a naturally
tough and wiry physical constitution, somewhat shat-
tered during the war, but preserved and fostered by
periodical and ample exercise in the open air of the j
country, which he regards as a sure prevention of !
most of the complaints which mind and flesh are '.
heir to.
Late in the eighteenth century (about 1790) Robert i
Morrison, of Philadelphia, settled in ancient and !
quaint Kaskaskia. Fortunate in many things, most
of all fortunate in his wooing, he courted and won ;
Eliza A. Lowry, daughter of Col. Lowry, of Balti- :
more, for years afterwards called " the most brilliant
woman in the valley of the Mississippi." Of this
marriage James L. D. Morrison was born, April 12,
1816. His father became the largest mail-contractor
in Illinois. When but fourteen young Morrison was '
sent hither and thither, collecting drafts and money,
and arranging business matters with tact and fidelity.
By 1832 he carried mail two days, " kept store" one j
day, and attended school three days each week. That
year he became midshipman in the United States
navy, cruised twenty-seven months in the South Pa-
cific, afterwards in the West Indies, became rich,
studied law, and in 1836, returning to Illinois,
completed his studies and was admitted. He
joined the Whigs with ardor, stumped the State, and
became one of its best-known leaders, but in later
years has been a Democrat. He now resides in St.
Louis. Col. Morrison's second wife is Adele Sarpy,
daughter of John B. Sarpy, one of the pioneer St.
Louis merchants.
Richard Bland, of the first Continental Congress,
had no more notable descendant than Hon. Peter E.
Bland, born in St. Charles County, March 29, 1824.
He was also connected with the learned Chancellor
96
Bland, of Virginia. Educated in the Methodist college
at St. Charles, forced to teach school for a livelihood,
student in Judge Lackland's office till 1849, young
Bland struggled upwards, and when admitted opened
an office, and soon became known as a worker, com-
manding a large practice. From 1861 to 1863 he
served in the Union army as colonel of a Missouri
cavalry regiment. Locating in Memphis, Tenn., he
practiced with success ; in 1868 returned to St. Louis,
almost a stranger, but became connected with some
of the most important Supreme Court cases, and his
services have since been in continual demand. His
wife, Miss Virginia Clark, of Richmond, Va., whom
he married in 1845, died in 1870, leaving three chil-
dren, all grown.
Richard Aylett Barret, son of Richard F. and
Maria Buckner Barret, was born at Cliffland, the
home of his grandfather, a place of great natural
beauty, near Greensburg, Ky. The estate was situated
on a plateau, diversified by hill and dale, and bordered
on the one side by forests of beech and oak, and on
the other by lofty cliffs, composed of shelving rocks,
to which cling mosses and cedars. At the base of
the plateau winds the silvery course of the Green
River as far as the eye can reach.
Richard A. Barret spent his early youth at Spring-
field, 111., and at St. Louis, where he attended the
school of Edward Wyman and the St. Louis Univer-
sity, and also received instruction from Chester Hard-
ing, who entered him at Phillips Academy, Exeter,
N. H., to prepare for Harvard College, which he en-
tered in 1852. On the journey eastward his com-
panions were Mrs. Rhodes, John Cavender, J. S.
Cavender, and Chester Harding (the two last men-
tioned afterwards rising to distinction as officers in
the Union army during the civil war), and the route
taken extended from St. Louis to Brownsville, Pa.,
and along the Monongahela by steamboat, across the
Alleghenies to Cumberland, Md., by stages, and
thence by rail to Washington. In the latter city his
uncle, Aylett Buckner, a member of Congress from
Kentucky, was then domiciled opposite the Treasury
Department, with Giddiugs, Greeley, Lincoln, and
Richardson, while Clay, Douglas, Crittenden, and
other famous men of the period were frequent visi-
tors. When Messrs. Lincoln and Buckner went to
Philadelphia to attend as delegates the convention
which nominated Gen. Taylor for the Presidency,
R. A. Barret accompanied them.
Having obtained the degrees of M.A. and M.D.,
the latter from the Missouri Medical College, March,
1854, Mr. Barret went to Europe and studied at
Bon, Munich, and Heidelberg, being awarded the
1510
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
degree of Ph.D. He belonged to the Swabia
o <-'
" Burschenschaft," and traveled on foot up and down
the Rhine, and through the " Phalz" and " Swartz-
wald," and much of Italy, France, and Spain. For
some time he acted as secretary of legation at Paris
under John Y. Mason, minister at the court of Na-
poleon III. In 1859, having returned to the United
States, he was admitted to the bar of St. Louis, and
entered into the practice of the law with his uncle,
Aylett Buckner. He was immediately engaged with
Stephen T. Logan and Milton Hay, of Springfield,
111., in a suit in which the Hanks, of Decatur, 111.,
the relatives of Abraham Lincoln, were interested,
and he greatly enjoyed the witty and pointed stories,
the cheerful conversation, and the familiar courtesy
of the future President.
In the winter of 1859-60, Mr. Barret was em- i
ployed, with Messrs. Blocker, Gurley, and Coke, now
United States senator, in settling disputes as to the
eleven-league Galindo claim, near Waco, McLernan
Co. In May, 1860, his father died, leaving a dis-
tracted and scattered business, and a young and
expensive family to his care. About this time the
political skies became overcast with the clouds of the
impending war, and in the agitation which followed
Mr. Barret bore an active and influential part. He
at once took firm ground in favor of the Union cause,
and became a close and intimate friend of Capt. Na-
thaniel Lyon, who was looked up to as the leader of
the anti-secession element. Mr. Barret was one of
the leading actors in the Southwestern campaign,
being attorney for the United States government in
the offices respectively of Gen. Farrar, general super-
visor of confiscated and contraband property ; Col.
James O. Broadhead, city provost-marshal ; and Gen.
E. B. Alexander, United States provost-marshal for
Missouri. He also acted as chief clerk and private
secretary to the latter until April, 1866. Mr. Barret
was thrown into contact with the leaders on both
sides, and was personally acquainted with Governor
Reynolds and Gens. Frost, Jeff Thompson, Buckner,
and Price (the last two being his relatives), whom he
believes to have been actuated by unselfish and patri-
otic though mistaken motives, together with many
other active participants in the exciting scenes of that
stormy period.
Mr. Barret wrote several reports of the fairs of the
St. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical Association,
which were published in book form, and did much to
popularize the association and advance its interests.
In 1866 he went to Burlington, Iowa, to settle up his
father's estate, and there purchased and edited the
Gazette and Argus, the oldest paper in the State.
With Henry W. Starr and J. G. Foote, he was sent
as a delegate to the Des Moines Rapids Convention at
St. Louis, which resulted in the building of the Keo-
kuk and Nashville Canal, and was selected by the State
of Iowa, together with Gen. A. C. Dodge, formerly
United States senator and minister to Spain, Governor
Gear, and Judge Edmonds, of Illinois, to urge upon
the business men and capitalists of St. Louis the im-
portance of the St. Paul and St. Louis Air-Line Rail-
road. On this occasion the Burlington Hawlceye
said, " Mr. Barret is entitled to the thanks of our
people for his untiring efforts and success in directing
public attention to this important road."
Mr. Barret has been a lifelong member of the
Turner Association, and is an ardent advocate of
physical culture, having delivered addresses before
the Turners at Hyde Park, Burlington, Iowa, in com-
pany with Theo. Gulich, Governor Stone, and Sena-
tor James W. Grimes, and at Peoria, 111., with At-
torney-General (" Bob") Ingersoll, of Illinois. He
is a member of the old " Central Verein," from which
so many Union soldiers were recruited in St. Louis
during the spring and summer of 1861, and served
on the finance and citizens' committees for the great
"Turnfest" of 1881.
From 1869 to 1872, Mr. Barret was editor-in-chief
of the St. Louis Dispatch, and afterward commercial
and then city editor of the St. Louis Times. He was
also private secretary to his brother, Mayor Arthur
B. Barret, and to Mayor James H. Britton.
Mr. Barret married Miss Mary Finney, daughter
of the late William Finney, one of the earliest set-
tlers and most prominent citizens and merchants of
St. Louis. He prefers a quiet life, removed from the
bustle and confusion of the world, and of late his
private affairs and his library have been " dukedom
large enough."
Samuel B. Churchill came to St. Louis in 1835.
He was born in Louisville in 1812, a lineal descend-
ant of the famous Churchill family of Virginia, and
connected by blood or marriage with the Armisteads,
the Carters, the Turners, Harrisons, Oldhams, and
many other of the proudest familes of colonial and
Revolutionary days. Col. Churchill practiced law but
two years. He was in law partnership with Ferdi-
nand Risk. After 1837 joutnalism and politics oc-
cupied his entire time. Sympathizing with the South,
he was arrested and imprisoned in 1861, and in 1863
was ordered to leave the State. He returned to Ken-
tucky, took a prominent part in politics there, serving
as Secretary of State from 1867 to 1872.
Shepard Barclay was born in St. Louis, Nov. 3,
1847. He is the grandson of Elihu H. Shepard,
BENCH AND BAR.
1511
one of the pioneers of St. Louis, who for many years
was the leading school-teacher of the city. Mr. Bar-
clay began his education at the public schools and
High School of St. Louis, and afterwards attended St.
Louis University, where he was graduated in 1867.
He next attended the University of Virginia, at Char-
lottesville, Va., and was graduated with high honors
in 1869. He then visited Europe, and studied civil
law for two sessions at the University of Berlin,
Prussia. During his sojourn on the continent he ac-
quired the French and German languages. He then
returned to St. Louis, and began the practice of law
June 1, 1872. During his early practice he was con-
nected professionally with the press of St. Louis, as
editorial contributor, and manifested decided aptitude
for the calling.
In 1873 he formed a law partnership with W. C.
Marshall, and in that connection continued to practice
law until elected circuit judge, Nov. 7, 1882.
Mr. Barclay has been connected with and has suc-
cessfully managed some of the most important cases
that have come before the courts. A ripe scholar,
an able, faithful, diligent, and untiring lawyer, patient,
polite, energetic, careful, and honest, he seems by na-
ture, education, and experience eminently fitted for
the judgeship, and his friends confidently expect from
him a brilliant record on the bench.
Joseph G. Lodge was born in Gloucester County,
N. J., Jan. 27, 1840; was educated in Gloucester
County and at Chester, Pa. ; at the age of nineteen
taught school, continuing in this occupation for nearly
two years, and in 1860-62 attended the law school of