although the vestry were satisfied with him, his parishioners
loved him, and he had infused new life into the parish and in-
creased the number of its communicants from thirty to seventy.



RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.



1719



proper form, and made suitable records of all his offi-
cial acts. Mr. Chaderton entered upon the discharge
of his duties in October, 1832, and resigned June 8,
1835. The prospects of the parish must have greatly
improved under Mr. Chaderton's rectorship, for at a
meeting of the vestry in 1833 a proposition was made
to enlarge the church, though at the time there was
a debt of some three thousand five hundred dollars
existing against it. When Mr. Chaderton resigned
he left " the State of Missouri with only one organ-
ized Protestant Episcopal parish, one church built, and
no officiating clergyman, not a very large result for
sixteen years of growth."

Right Rev. Jackson Kemper, D.D., missionary
bishop-elect of Missouri and Indiana, was called Sept.
20. 1835, and began his pastorate in December follow-
ing, with Rev. P. R. Minard as assistant, who began
one month before the bishop. In May, 1836, Mr.
Minard made the following report to Bishop Kemper :

"Upon my arrival, in November last, I found a church edifice,
neat in appearance, but more like an academy than a house of
public worship, capable of containing about two hundred and
fifty persons. It was well furnished, and contained a small
but fine-toned organ. The church had been built for about six
thousand dollars, for one of which the vestry are still in debt.
On the parish register, which I found in good order, there were
forty-five communicants who could be found. There were en-
rolled as belonging to the congregation in all one hundred and
ninety persons. A Sunday-school had been continued until I
arrived. The first day it was visited by me it contained eigh-
teen scholars. The average attendance at that time was from
twenty to thirty. Our school now has a constant attendance of
sixty or seventy. The church now contains forty-eight pews,
and it is the opinion of the vestry that fifty more could be let
if they had them. For this reason the vestry have determined
to build a larger house, and already think they have the means
within their control. They intend to build a house about sixty
by ninety, with a gallery, in a part of which the negroes can
be accommodated."

Mr. Minard resigned in February, 1839, to take
temporary charge of Kemper College.

He was assistant in the parish for a period of about
three and a half years, and during his ministry the
register shows one hundred and thirty-nine baptisms,
thirty-nine marriages, fifty-seven burials, and sixty-
three confirmations.

The Rev. W. G. Heyer succeeded him, and remained
but for a period of about six months, during which
time there were twelve baptisms, five marriages, and
twenty-three burials.

The Rev. F. F. Peake succeeded the Rev. W. G.
Heyer, and for six months officiated in the capacity
of assistant, during which time there were twenty-one
baptisms, six marriages, twenty-two burials, and
twenty-five confirmations.

Bishop Kemper resigned on the 20th of April,



1840, having served the parish as rector for four
years and a half, giving to it as much time as his
arduous duties as missionary bishop " of two States,
two Territories, with a large portion of the Indian
country," would allow. On several occasions the
vestry gave expression to their gratitude to his " very
useful and indefatigable service," and the generous
sacrifices made from time to time in their behalf, hav-
ing refused all remuneration from the parish, and
giving to his assistant the full salary pledged to the
rector.

Rev. F. F. Peake, 1 who had succeeded Rev-
Mr. Minard as assistant to the bishop, was called to
the rectorship Aug. 19, 1840. He began his pastor-
ate September 5th following, and resigned Oct. 27,
1842. During his incumbency of the parish there
were ten baptisms, thirty-two marriages, thirty-seven
burials, and twenty-eight confirmations.

Rev. E. C. Hutchinson, D.D., was called Oct. 31,
1842, but declined, his friends being unwilling that
he should leave Kemper College, of which he was
president. Bishop Kemper resumed charge until
March, 1843, when Rev. Mr. Horrell returned, and
served until Jan. 1, 1844, when Rev. Cicero S.
Hawks, of Buffalo, N. Y., who had been called to
the rectorship Sept. 27, 1 843, took charge. Bishop
Hawks had as assistants Rev. Charles Tomes, for
nearly a year from January, 1848, and Rev. William
A. Leach, called in the fall of 1849, and resigned No-
vember, 1851, to become rector of St. Paul's. Bishop
Hawks resigned the rectorship Nov. 30, 1853, to take
effect Feb. 1, 1854, and the parish pledged itself to
contribute a sufficient sum annually for five years to
secure him a salary of two thousand five hundred dol-
lars. Rev. D. G. Estes next served until Easter, and
Rev. Mr. Harrison for a short time after. Then the
church and parsonage were closed some months for
repairs, and on Oct. 1, 1854, Rev. Montgomery
Schuyler, D.D., 2 took charge of the parish. He

1 F. F. Peake graduated at the Protestant Episcopal General
Theological Seminary, New York, in 1836, and the same year
went as missionary to Boonville, Mo., whence he was called to
the rectorship of Christ Church in 1840. From St. Louis he
went to Pensacola, Fla., where he built up a flourishing parish
and established the West Florida Collegiate Institute. He died
of consumption in 1846.

2 Montgomery Schuyler was born in New York City, Jan. 9,
1814. He is descended of old Dutch stock, his remote ancestor,
Philip Pieterse Van Schuyler, having come from Holland soon
after the establishment of the Dutch colony on the Hudson, and
settled at where is now the city of Albany. " The Flats," first
occupied by him, is still in the possession of the family, one
of the oldest homesteads in the country. The present Dr.
Schuyler entered Geneva (now Hobart) College, but was grad-
uated at Union College, Schenectady, in 1834, after which he



1720



HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.



has had as assistants Rev. D. W. C. Loop, appointed
in 1856 ; Rev. T. I. Holcombe, deacon, from June
28, 1858, till Oct. 1, 1859, when he went as mis-
sionary to Springfield, Mo. ; and Rev. W. W. Sil-
vester, who still fills the position.

The church, which had been built in 1829, was
consecrated May 25, 1834, by Right Rev. B. B.
Smith, Bishop of Kentucky, this being the first visit
to St. Louis of a bishop of the Protestant Episcopal
Church, and the first occasion on which the rite of
confirmation was administered by a Protestant Epis-
copal bishop in Missouri. In May, 1836, the parish
(after sixteen years of growth) numbered only one
hundred and ninety persons in the congregation, forty
communicants, and from sixty to seventy children in
the Sunday-school. On the 29th of June of that
year it was decided to erect a new and larger building,
sixty by ninety feet. A lot at the corner of Fifth
and Chestnut Streets, eighty-five by one hundred and
thirty-five feet, was purchased for ten thousand two
hundred dollars (one hundred and twenty dollars per
foot), and the old building and lot were sold to the
Baptist Society for twelve thousand dollars, possession
to be given in a year's time. The basement of the
new building was occupied in March, 1838, and the
completed edifice was consecrated by Bishop Kern per
on the 17th of February, 1839. Josiah Spalding,
on behalf of the wardens and vestry, read and pre-
sented to the bishop the instrument of donation.
The sentence of consecration was read by the Rev.
P. R. Minard. There were present of the clergy, be-



studied law for two years, then turned his attention to theology,
and entered the ministry in 1841. He was for three years rector
of Trinity Church, Marshall, Mich. ; for a year and a half rector
of Grace Church, Lyons, N. Y. ; for nearly ten years rector of
St. John's Church, Buffalo, N. Y. ; and has been for over
twenty-eight years rector of Christ Church, St. Louis. He has
been twice married, first in 1843 and again in 1854, and has a
large family. A son, Rev. Louis S. Schuyler, died in 1879, at
the age of twenty-seven, a self-devoted victim of yellow fever,
in Memphis, whither he had voluntarily hastened in response to
the cry for ministerial help, dying as he had lived, a hero in the
cause of religion and a martyr to his own zeal. During the civil
war Dr. Schuyler promptly espoused the cause of the Union, in
the face of unpopularity and the desertion of friends, ministering
to the sick and wounded in the military hospitals, when such
ministrations were regarded as evidences of antagonism to the
South and resented as such by Southern sympathizers; but
when Confederate soldiers began to fill the hospitals and prisons
and Dr. Schuyler was found to be as zealous in his ministra-
tions to them as to those of the Union armies, the nobility of
his character began to be appreciated and the clouds of unpop-
ularity broke away. During his pastorate in St. Louis he
has been several times called to other fields and twice back to his
old parish in Buffalo, but has always declined to abandon his
post. There is probably to-day in St. Louis no pastor more
thoroughly venerated or beloved by his congregation.



sides the bishop and his assistants, the Rev. Messrs.
Dresser, of Springfield ; Darrow, of Collinsville ; and
Homan, of Kemper College.

The church it had been estimated would not cost
more than $40,000, but when all the claims had been
presented the aggregate was swelled to $70,000, leav-
ing the parish $20,000 in debt. On the day follow-
ing that of the consecration (Monday) the pews were
sold. The building is described by Rev. Dr. Schuyler
as being " a nondescript, of which nothing can be
said save that it furnished uncomfortable sittings for
about six hundred people."

At the time of the completion of the church the
wardens were Wilson P. Hunt and H. L. Hoffman,
and the vestrymen were J. P. Doan, Daniel Hough,
H. Von Phul, Edward Tracy, Asa Wilgus, R. M.
Strother, A. Hamilton, H. S. Coxe, and Josiah
Spalding.

In March, 1839, Bishop Kemper announced that
a body of Lutherans who had been persecuted by the
government of Saxony, and who had arrived in St.
Louis about three months before, desired to hold ser-
vices in the church, and that he had granted their
request. This congregation continued to worship in
the basement of the church until 1842.

In the autumn of 1839 a burial-ground was pur-
chased for the use of the parish for the sum of three
thousand dollars, and steps were taken for laying out
and ornamenting the grounds. In the fall of 1848
the church edifice was repaired at a cost of about five
thousand dollars, and the church was closed for four
months. In September of the same year a handsome
marble font was presented to the church by Hon. L.
M. Kennett.

On the 9th of May, 1853, a committee was ap-
pointed to inquire where a new church lot could be
bought, and for what the old could be sold, but no
further action was taken until March 12, 1859, when
the building and lot on Fifth Street were sold to
Messrs. Crow & McCreery for eighty thousand dollars,
with the condition that the consecrated walls should
never be applied to any secular use, but should be at
once torn down. The amount of the original pur-
chase by the parish in 1836 was ten thousand two
hundred dollars. On April 10, 1859, the present lot,
one hundred and seventy-five feet on Locust Street
by one hundred and six feet four inches on Thirteenth
Street, was bought of James H. Lucas for forty-three
thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars. The plans
for the new building furnished by Leopold Eidlitz, of
New York, were adopted July 11, 1859, and contracts
were given out and work at once begun. The esti-
mated cost was one hundred and twenty-five thousand



RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.



1721



dollars. The last service in the old church was held
Jan. 22, 1860. During the interval, before the com-
pletion of the new church, service was held at Mer-
cantile Library Hall, until April 7, 1861, when the
congregation united for worship with that of St.
Paul's Church, which was then without a rector.

The corner-stone of the new edifice was laid April
22, 1860. Bishop Hawks conducted the ceremonies,
assisted by Rev. Montgomery Schuyler, D.D., rector
of Christ Church ; Rev. F. J. Clerc, of Grace Church ;
Rev. E. F. Berkley, of St. George's Church ; Rev.
John Coleman, D.D., of St. John's Church ; Rev. R.
E. Terry, of St. Paul's Church; and Rev. E. C.
Hutchison, of Trinity Church. Among the contents
of the corner-stone were those which had been depos-
ited in the corner-stone of the old church. After the
usual ceremonies, Bishop Hawks delivered an address.
The chapel was completed early in May, 1862, but owing
to the delays and embarrassments caused by the civil
war the main building was not finished until five
years later. The walls had progressed to the height
of some ten feet, and it was hoped that they would be
ready for the roof by July, 1861, but when the ap-
proach of winter necessitated a stoppage of the work,
it was found that the funds had been exhausted. On
the 4th of December, 1861, a resolution was passed
by the vestry directing the building committee to
notify the contractors to proceed no further with the
main body of the church, and to cancel the contracts,
if possible. Towards the close of 1861 it was decided
that a strenuous effort should be made to complete
the chapel, and mainly through the exertions of
Alfred Mackey, secretary of the vestry, this work
was accomplished in the spring of 1862. It was es-
timated that sixty-five thousand dollars would be
needed to put the main building in condition for wor-
ship, and on the 8th of February, 1864, thirteen thou-
sand dollars of the fifteen thousand dollars required to
make up this sum was pledged by members of the
congregation. Early in the spring of 1864 work on
the walls was resumed. It soon became evident that
more money would be required, and in the following
autumn a fair was held, which realized the sum of
ten thousand and twenty-five dollars. On the 22d
of February, 1866, a parish-meeting was held to con-
sult upon the best plan for raising funds to complete
the church. According to the estimate of the archi-
tect $40,120.50 would be required. It was agreed
by the meeting that the vestry should be empowered
to mortgage the property of the church for a sum
sufficient to finish and furnish the building. On the
14th of May, 1866, another parish-meeting was held
for the purpose of organizing as a religious corpora-



tion under the State Constitution. Articles of asso-
ciation were adopted, and it was agreed to borrow the
sum of fifty thousand dollars to complete the church.
After several failures the loan was negotiated, and the
work went on. The contributions to the building
fund on Easter-day, 1867, amounted to twenty-one
thousand five hundred and forty-seven dollars, and
the construction of the edifice was now pushed more
rapidly. In June, 1867, a proposition was made by
Davis and Ritchie to erect galleries in the north and
south transepts, on the condition that they should receive
the proceeds of the sale of these pews and their rental
for two years, the rental after that period to revert to
the church. The sum of five thousand four hundred
and fifty dollars was also realized in the presentation
to the church by different individuals of twenty memo-
rial windows. The church was first used for public
worship on Christmas-day, 1867. During the interval
the congregation had worshiped in the chapel, which was
itself a church of moderate dimensions, and had been
built as nearly as possible in accordance with the orig-
inal plans. It was of the Gothic style of architecture,
and its interior finish was elegant and beautiful.

In its completed form, Christ Church is undoubtedly
one of the noblest edifices of its kind in the country.
The architecture is Gothic, of the ornate early English
style, and the arrangement is that of a nave and
! aisles. The nave is one hundred and twenty-six feet
i long, thirty-six feet wide, and ninety-three feet high,
i twenty-five feet higher than that of Trinity Church,
and only ten feet lower than that of Westminster
| Abbey. The north and south aisles are each sixty-
eight by fourteen feet wide, and the north and south
transepts each eighteen by thirty-six feet. The chan-
cel is thirty-five feet deep by thirty-seven and a half
feet wide, and is separated from the nave by a hand-
some arch. The total interior length is one hundred
and sixty-one feet. At the north side is a vestry-
room, into which a door opens from the chancel, and
above the vestry-room there is a rector's study. A
gallery is placed across the north and south transepts,
and also at the west end of the nave, where the organ
is situated. At the northwest corner of the building
is the tower, -as yet uncompleted. The structure is
built in the most substantial manner throughout. All
the stone used in the building is the Illinois sand-
stone. The roof of the nave and chancel is open-
timbered, massive in its framing and mouldings, and
richly decorated. The uncompleted tower is to be
one hundred and fifty feet high without spire, and
handsomely ornamented. A stone porch and flying
buttresses are also yet to be built. The walls and
buttresses, and the mullions and tracery of the win-



1722



HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.



dows, are all of stone. The heavy stone arches of the
chancel, transepts, and nave rest on four columns
four feet in diameter, octagonal in shape and without
capitals, a feature which adds to their apparent
height and the grace of the arches. The lofty clear-
story is supported by octagonal pillars two feet ten
inches in diameter. The seating capacity (including
the transept galleries) is fifteen hundred. The chapel
attached will seat three hundred persons, and has
connected with it rooms for Sunday-school, library,
ladies' charitable meetings, choir rehearsals, and social
gatherings. The windows of the church and chapel
are of stained glass, and the pews and interior fittings
throughout are of black walnut. The pulpit is octago-
nal and of handsome design, as are also the altar, chan-
cel rail, stalls, and prayer-desks. The edifice cost two
hundred and thirty-five thousand dollars, and is un-
equaled in the city, and almost in the United States,
for the massive grandeur of its interior. The rector
reported during 1882 four hundred and thirty-four
communicants, and an attendance at Sunday-school
of two hundred and thirty-nine scholars.

The congregation of Christ Church celebrated the
semi-centennial anniversary of its organization on the
1st of November, 1869. The sermon was preached
by the rector, Rev. Dr. Schuyler.

St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church was the
second Episcopal congregation established in St. Louis.
On the 5th of November, 1839, a preliminary meet-
ing was held in the basement of Christ Church, at
which Bishop Kemper presided, to take into consid-
eration the expediency of establishing a new parish.
It was decided that such action was expedient, and a
committee of thirteen of the leading members of
Christ Church was appointed to co-operate with the
Rev. Mr. Minard in carrying the resolution into effect.
The movement was regarded as being of a missionary
character, and the church was usually spoken of as the
Mission Church. St. Paul's Church was organized,
and the first vestry were elected on the 20th of April,
1840. Its first rector was the Rev. Peter R. Minard,
previously assistant at Christ Church, whose pastorate
lasted from 1840 to 1846. Mr. Minard's successors
were William B. Corbyn, 1846-48; David P. San-
ford, 1850-51 ; William A. Leach, 1851-54; D. Gor-
don Estes, 1854-55 ; R. E. Terry, 1856-60. During
Mr. Terry's pastorate a new church edifice was con- '
secrated. The congregation had worshiped since its
organization in a building at the corner of Fifth and
Wash Streets, for which five thousand dollars was
paid, but in 1856 this property was sold, and in the
following year lots were purchased at the southwest
corner of Olive and Seventeenth Streets. On this



site a church and rectory were built at a cost of sixty-
four thousand dollars, the work of construction having
been begun in March, 1857, and the corner-stone laid,
Bishop Hawks officiating, May 10, 1857. The church
was finished and consecrated on the 19th of June, 1859.
Dr. Hawks began the service by' reciting the 24th
Psalm, and was followed by the Rev. Mr. Clerc, of
Grace Church, who read the usual form of request for
consecration. The rector, Rev. Mr. Terry, read the
sentence of consecration, and Rev. Mr. Weller, of Jef-
ferson City, and Rev. Mr. Dunn, of Hannibal, read
the prayers. The lessons were read by the Rev. Mr.
Clerc, of Grace Church. Bishop Hawks preached

; the consecration sermon, after which the communion
was celebrated. The location of the church was at
that time more westerly than that of any other Prot-

\ estant Church in the city. It was of Gothic archi-
tecture, with a front of sixty feet and a depth of one
hundred and twenty feet. The tower rose to a height

! of eighty feet, and the front elevation was fifty feet
from the pavement. An organ " of the workmanship
of Messrs. Pilcher & Brother," of St. Louis, was
placed in the building.

Rev. R. E. Terry, rector of the church, studied law
in the office of Henry S. Geyer, of St. Louis, and prac-
ticed his profession for two years in Howard County.
He then studied theology, and was ordained a minis-
ter of the Protestant Episcopal Church. On assuming
the pastorate he found that the number of commu-
nicants had dwindled to thirty-five. The congre-
gation soon removed from Fifth and Wash Streets,
where it had previously been established, to the hall
of the Washington University, and services were held
at the latter place until plans could be matured for the
erection of the proposed new church. Through Mr.
Terry's energetic labors, seconded by those of the con-
gregation, the erection of the new building was pushed
rapidly to completion. In 1861 the church had be-
come so heavily encumbered with debt that the con-
gregation was forced to sell the property, and St.
Paul's became extinct.

St. Paul's Church (P. E.), Third near Lafayette
Street, South St. Louis (Carondelet), Rev. Joseph De
Forest, rector, was organized in the summer of 1868,
and held its first services August 30th of that year.
The service was read by Rev. Charles Stewart, and the
sermon was preached by Rev. E. F. Berkley. The
congregation worshiped in rented halls until its present
church was built. The property cost about five thou-
sand dollars. The rectors have been the Revs. Charles
Stewart, 1868-69; W. G. Spencer, D.D., 1869-70 ;
M. S. Woodruff, 1870-72 ; 0. H. Staples, 1873-79 ;
J. P. T. Ingraham, 1879-81 ; and the present pas-



RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.



1723



tor since 1881. The church reports thirty-eight
families and seventy-five communicants connected
with the congregation, and three teachers with sixty
children in the Sunday-school.

St. John's Protestant Episcopal Church. A
meeting of Episcopalians in favor of forming a parish
in the southern part of St. Louis was held in Christ
Church Oct. 12, 1841. Rev. Mr. Minard was chosen
chairman, and J. W. Twitchell acted as secretary. On
the 28th of December, 1861, St. John's Church was
formally organized and the first vestry elected. At
the same time the Rev. Whiting Griswold was chosen
rector. Services were held at first on the upper floor
of an engine-house, on Second Street south of Plum,
it being deemed inexpedient to build a church at that
time, owing to the financial embarrassment of the
mother parish, Christ Church. Subsequently a
brick edifice was erected on leased ground at the
corner of Fifth and Spruce Streets. This was re-
placed by another brick structure, seating five hundred
persons, erected at the southeast corner of Sixth and
Spruce Streets, which was consecrated by Bishop
Hawks in the latter part of August, 1853. This
property was sold in 1871 for fifteen thousand dollars,
for the use of the Italian Catholic congregation.

Rev. Whiting Griswold, first rector, died on the
24th of July, 1849, from congestion of the brain,
superinduced by overwork during the yellow fever
pestilence. At the time of Mr. Griswold's death a
lot had been purchased at Eighth and Gratiot Streets
and the foundation laid for a new church edifice.