major in the regular service, July 17, 1862. He
took part in the actions at Cedar Mountain, the
two days fight on the Rappahannock. the battle
of Waterloo Bridge, the second battle of Bull
Run and the battle of Chantilly. When General



f5C4J



RUGGLES



RUGGLES



McClellan took command of the army after Pope s
disastrous campaign, Colonel Ruggles became his
assistant chief of staff, and he served in that
position throughout the Maryland campaign, in
cluding the battles of South Mountain and
Antietam and the skirmish at Snicker s Gap.
Shortly after the retirement of General McClellan
from the army, Colonel Ruggles was ordered by
Secretary Stanton to duty in his office at Wash
ington. Later he assisted in organizing the con
scription bureau, and was in the west on special
duty. In the winter of 1864-G5. upon the applica
tion of General Meade, he became adjutant-gen
eral of the Army of the Potomac, and remained
in that position until the disbandment of the
army. June 30, ISO."). In this last campaign, he
was in the three days engagement at Hatcher s
Run, siege of Petersburg, and the pursuit of Gen
eral R. E. Lee. and was present at the surrender
of the Army of Northern Virginia, at Appornat-
tox. He received the brevets of lieutenant-colonel
and colonel, U.S.A., March 13, 1865, for gallant
and meritorious services during the war. of
brigadier-general, U.S.A., " for gallant and meri
torious services during the campaign terminating
with the surrender of the insurgent army of
northern Virginia," and brigadier-general of
volunteers, April 9, 1865, for gallant and merito
rious services in the events leading to the sur
render of Lee s army. For special service ren
dered March 25, 1865, he received the verbal thanks
of General Meade and President Lincoln. After
the war, he served as adjutant-general of the
divisions of the Atlantic and the Pacific and of the
departments of the Lakes, the East, the Platte,
Dakota, Texas and California. He was married,
Jan. 8. 1868, to Alma Hammond, daughter of
Stephen Satterlee and Alma (Hammond) L Hom-
medieu. Of his children : Capt. Golden L Hom-
m adieu was graduated at the U.S. Military
academy, an honor man in the class of 1890;
Charles Herman was graduated at the Rensselaer
Polytechnic institute, Troy, N.Y., in 1893 ; Alma
Hammond L Hommedieu was graduated at Rad-
cliffe college in 1900 ; and Francis Augustus was
graduated at Sheffield Scientific school. Yale, in
1900 ; was commissioned in the army as lieutenant
of cavalry, Feb. 2, 1901, and was ordered to duty in
the Philippines. General Ruggles was promoted
lieutenant-colonel, June 15, 1880, colonel. June
7, 1889, adjutant-general of the army with the
rank of brigadier-general. Nov. 6, 1893. and was
retired by operation of law. Sept. 11. 1897. His
total actual services in the army covered, up to
that time, a period of forty-six years. He was
appointed in 1898. by President McKinley, to the
command of the Soldiers Home at Washington,
B.C. His tour of duty there expired Jan. 10,
1903.



RUGGLES, John, senator, was born in West-
borough, Mass., Oct. 8, 1789. He was graduated
at Brown, 1813 ; taught school in Kentucky, 1813-
14 ; studied law ; was admitted to the bar, and
practised in Skowhegan, 1815-17, and in Thomas-
ton, 1817-74. He was a member of the lower
house of the Maine legislature, 1823-31. serving
as speaker, 1825-29 and 1831 ; was judge of the
court of common pleas, succeeding Samuel E.
Smith, resigned, 1831-34, and U.S. senator from
Maine, elected as a Democrat to fill the unexpired
term of Peleg Sprague, resigned, serving from
Feb. 6. 1835, to March 3, 1841. While in congress
lie was the originator of a reorganization of the
patent office, and after its reorganization \vas
granted the first patent, July 28, 1836. for a loco
motive steam engine. He died in Thomaston,
Maine, June 20, 1874.

RUGGLES, Nathaniel, representative. was born
in Roxbury, Mass., Nov. 15, 1761 ; son of Capt.
Joseph and Rebecca Ruggles. He was graduated
from Harvard college, A. B., 1781. A.M., 1784. and
practised law in Roxbury, where he became
prominent in town affairs. He was appointed
judge of the general sessions of the peace. 1807 :
chief-justice, 1808, and was a Federalist repre
sentative from the Norfolk district in the 13th,
14th and 15th congresses. 1813-19. He served as
past-master of the Washington Lodge of Free
Masons. He died in Roxbury, Mass., Dec. 19, 1819.

RUGGLES, Samuel Bulkley, lawyer, was born
at New Milford, Conn., April 11. 1800; son of
Philo and Ellen (Bulkley) Ruggles. and grandson
of Capt. Lazarus and Hannah (B >stwick) Rug
gles. and of Joseph and (Hubbell) Bulkley.
He was graduated
from Yale in 1814 ;
studied law witli his
father; was admitted
to the bar in 1821,
and practised in New
York city. He was
married to Mary Ro
salie, daughter of
John Rathbone of
New York city. He
was a member of
the assembly in 1838,
serving as chairman
of the committee on
ways and means ;
was influential in se
curing the enlargement of the Erie canal, being
as prominent in that movement as DeWitt Clin
ton in its construction. He was a canal com
missioner, 1840-42 and 1858; an Erie railway
commissioner, and a director of the road. 1833-39.
He was a delegate from the United States to the
International Statistical congresses held in Ber-




[.56.-,]



EUGGLES



RUMFORD



lin in 1863, and at The Hague in 1869 ; was U.S.
commissioner to the Paris exposition of 1867, and
a delegate to the International Monetary confer
ence at Paris in that year. He presented the
perpetual use of Gramercy park, New York
city, to the neighboring property-holders, having
previously laid out and named the park. He
Avas also instrumental in locating and erecting a
fence around Union square, in front of his resi
dence, and he named Lexington avenue and
Irving place. He \vas a trustee of the Astor
library for many years : a trustee of Columbia
college, 1836-81, and a member of the Chamber
of Commerce of the State of New York. The
honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred on him
by Yale in 1859. He is the author of : Report
upon Finances and Internal Improvements (1838);
Vindication of Canal Policy (1849); Defence of
Improvement of Navigable Waters by the Gen
eral Government (1852); Law of Burial (1858);
Report on State of Canals in 1S5S (1859) ; Reports
on the Statistical Congress at Berlin (1863); The
Monetary Conference at Paris (1837); The Statis
tical Congress at The Hague (1871); Report to
the Chairman of the Committee on Canals (1873);
and A Consolidated Table of National Progress in
Cheapening Food (1880). A memorial of Mr.
Rnggles was printed and distributed by the Cham
ber of Commerce of New York in 1881. He died
on Fire Island, L.I., N.Y., Aug. 28, 1881.

RUGGLES, Timothy, jurist, was born in Roch
ester, Mass., Oct. 20, 1711 ; son of the Rev. Tim
othy and Mary (White) Ruggles ; grandson of
Capt. Samuel Ruggles of Roxbury and Martha
Woodbridge, his wife, who was a granddaughter
of Governor Thomas Dudley. He was graduated
from Harvard in 1732; studied law, and estab
lished himself in practice in Rochester. In 1735
he married Mrs. Bathsheba Newcomb, widow of
William Newcomb and the daughter of the Hon.
Melatiah Bourne of Sandwich. He removed to
Sandwich, Mass., in 1740, and there remained,
with increasing reputation and a constantly in
creasing list of clients, till 1753, when he removed
to Hard wick. He was an impressive pleader, his
eloquence enhanced by his majestic presence.
His services were in constant demand in adjoin
ing counties, where his principal antagonist was
Col. James Otis, then at the height of his fame.
At the time of his settlement in Hard wick he had
accumulated a liberal fortune, and entered upon
a style of living commensurate with his standing
and affluence. He was appointed judge of the
court of common pleas in 1756, and from 1762 to
the Revolution he was chief-justice of that court,
and served as a special justice of the provincial
superior court, 1762-75. He was repeatedly elect
ed a representative in the general court of Massa
chusetts, and while the armies were in winter



quarters was speaker of the house, 1762-63. He
was commissioned colonel in the provincial forces
under Sir William Johnson, and was second in
command at the battle of Lake George in 1755,
where he distinguished himself for courage, cool
ness and ability. In 1758 he commanded the
third division of the provincial troops under
Abercrombie in the attack on Ticonderoga. He
served as brigadier-general under Amherst in the
campaign of 1759-60. In 1763 he was appointed
by the Crown "surveyor-general of the King s
forests, "as a reward in a measure for his military
services in the French and Indian war. He was
a delegate to the first colonial (or Stamp Act)
congress of 1765, which met in New York,
October 7, and was elected its president, but re
fused to sanction the addresses sent by that body
to Great Britain, for which he was publicly cen
sured by the general court of Massachusetts. He
was led by a sense of duty " in the halls of legis
lature and on the platform to declare against re
bellion and bloodshed." He was appointed man
damus councillor, Aug. 16, 1774, and in 1775 left
Boston for Nova Scotia with the British troops
and accompanied Lord Howe to Staten Island.
His estates were confiscated, and in 1779 he re
ceived a grant of 10,000 acres of land in Wilmot,
Nova Scotia, where he engaged in agriculture.
His daughter Mary married Dr. John Green of
Green Hill, Worcester, Mass. Judge Ruggles
died in Wilmot, Nova Scotia, Aug. 4, 1795.

RULISON, Nelson Somerville, second bishop
of Central Pennsylvania and 136th in succession
in the American episcopate, was born in Car
thage, Jefferson county, N.Y., April 24, 1842.
He attended Wesleyan academy, Gouverneur,
N.Y., and was graduated from the General Theo
logical seminary, New York city, in I860. He
was ordered deacon in Grace church, Utica,
N.Y., Maj" 27, 1866, by Bishop Coxe, and ordained
priest in the Church of the Annunciation, New
York city, Nov. 30, 1866, by Bishop Horatio Pot
ter. He was curate of the Church of the An
nunciation. 1866-67 ; rector of Zioii church,
Morris, N.Y., 1867-70; St. John s, Jersey city,
N.J., 1870-76, and St. Paul s, Cleveland, Ohio,
1876-84. He was elected bishop coadjutor of
Central Pennsylvania in 1884, and was conse
crated at St. Paul s, Oct. 28, 1884, by Bishops
Lee, Bedell and Stevens, assisted by Bishops
Howe, McLaren, Harris, Potter and Whitehead.
He succeeded to the bishopric on the death of
Bishop Howe, July 31, 1895. The honorary de
gree of D.D. was conferred on him by Kenyon
college, Ohio, in 1879. He is the author of :
History of St. Paul s Church, Cleveland, Ohio
(1877). He died at Bad Nauheim, Germany,
Sept. 1, 1897.

RUMFORD, Count. See Thompson, Benjamin.



[500]



RUMPLE



RUNKLE



RUMPLE, Jethro, clergyman, was born in
Cabarrus county. N.C. , March 10, 1827. He was
graduated from Davidson college in 1850, and
studied at the Columbian Theological seminary,
1854-56. He was licensed by the Concord presby
tery, July 31, 1854, was ordained in 1857, and
was installed in Mecklenburg county, N.C. He
was married, Oct. 13, 1857, to Jane E., daughter
of Watson W. and Melinda Wharton of Greens
boro. N.C. In 1861 he was called to Salisbury,
N.C., where he was still pastor of the First Pres
byterian church in 1903. He became trustee of
Davidson college in 1858, and director and trustee
of Union Theological seminary in Virginia, 1863 ;
was elected a commissioner to several general
assemblies, and to many important positions in
the Synod and Presbytery. In 1882 he received
the degree D.D. from the University of North
Carolina. He is the author of : History of Rowan
Coutitf/, N.C. (1881), and History of First Fifty
Year* of Davidson College (1888).

RUMSEY, Benjamin, delegate, was born at
Bohemia Manor. Cecil county, Md.. 1730 ; son of
"William, and grandson of Charles Rumsey of
Wales, who came to Charleston, S.C., in 1665;
removed to New York and thence to Philadel
phia, eventually locating, prior to 1678, at the
head of Bohemia river, Cecil county, Md. Wil-
liam Rumsey was a surveyor, collector of cus
toms, and a large landholder. He laid out
Fredericktown, Md. Benjamin Rumsey was a
member of the Maryland convention, Dec. 29,
1775, serving on the committee that drafted in
structions for the deputies of the province in
congress, and in the following January on the
committee appointed to draw up resolutions for
" raising, clothing, and victualing the provincial
forces." He was also a member of the council
of safety, 1776, and a delegate to the Continental
congress, 1776-78. The date of his death could
not be ascertained.

RUMSEY, James, inventor, was born in Bo
hemia Manor, Cecil county, Md., in 1743 ; son of
William, grandson of Charles, and brother of
Benjamin Rumsey (q.v.). He was a civil and
mechanical engineer, and became superintendent
of a mill owned by the Potomac company at
Shepherdstown, Va., where he suggested many
novel views in mechanics. Watts s new steam
engine was especially interesting to Rumsey, and
he conceived the idea of having a boat propelled
by an engine. He made his own patterns, moulds
and castings, and in 1784 exhibited a boat intended
for navigating rivers, which was seen by Washing
ton, Sept. 7, 1784. He received an exclusive right to
navigate the waters of Maryland and Virginia for
ten years from the legislatures of each state,
1784 and 1785. He built a boat propelled by a
steam pump, taking in water at the bow and



forcing it out at the stern. This boat lie experi
mented with on the Potomac in March, 1786. The
Rumsey society was formed in Philadelphia in
1788 to aid him in his work, and later he went to
England, expecting to build a boat that would
cross the Atlantic in fifteen days. A society
similar to the Rumsey society was formed there,
and in 1792 he navigated a steam-boat on the
Thames, and was intending to experiment with
more models when lie died. The legislature of
Kentucky, in acknowledgment of his contribu
tions to the science of steam navigation, pre
sented his son, Edward Rumsey, in 1839, with a
gold medal. He is the author of : A Short Trea
tise on the Application of Steam (1788). He died
in London, England. Dec. 23, 1792.

RUNKLE, Benjamin Piatt, soldier and clergy
man, was born in West Liberty, Ohio, Sept. 3,
1837 ; son of Ralph E. and Hannah Isabella (Piatt)
Runkle ; grandson of Jacob and Euphernia Run-
kle and of Benjamin Marshall and Elizabeth
(Barnett) Piatt, and a descendant of Adam Run
kle, who was descended from the Lords of Run-
kel of Hesse Nassau, Germany, and of Col. Jacob
Piatt of the Continental army, who was a de
scendant of John Piatt, a Huguenot emigrant.
He was graduated at Miami university, Oxford,
Ohio, A.B., 1857 ; was admitted to the bar in
1859, and practised law in Cincinnati, 1859-61.
He was commissioned captain, 13th Ohio volun
teers, April 19, 1861 ; was promoted major, Nov.
8, 1861 ; honorably mustered out, Aug. 18, 1862;
commissioned colonel, 45th Ohio volunteers, Aug.
19, 1862, and again honorably mustered out, July
21, 1864. He served in the W T est Virginia cam
paign. 1861, under Rosecrans ; in the Shiloh cam
paign under Buell (in which he was severely
wounded and left for dead on the field), in the
campaigns in Kentucky and Tennessee under
Gilmore and Burnside, and in the Atlanta cam
paign under Schofield and Sherman. He was
commissioned lientenant-colonel of the veteran
reserve corps, Aug. 22, 1864 ; was commissioned
major 45th infantry, U.S.A., July 28, 1866; was
honorably mustered out of the volunteer service,
Oct. 5, 1866, and wasbrevetted lieutenant-colonel.
U.S.A., for gallant and meritorious services in
the battle of Shiloh, March 2, 1867, and on the
same day was brevetted colonel for gallant and
meritorious services during the Avar. He was
brevetted colonel, brigadier-general and major-
general for meritorious services, Nov. 8, 1868,
and was retired, Dec. 15, 1870, because of wounds
received in duty. He was editor of the Urbana,
Ohio,- Union, 1873-75 ; attended Bexley Hall, the
theological seminary of Kenyon college at Gam-
bier. Ohio. 1879-80 ; was professor of military
science and tactics in Milner Hall, Kenyon col
lege, 1879-80, and was admitted to the diaconate



[567]



RUNKLE



RUNYON



of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1880 ; serv
ing in parishes in Galena, Ohio, Midland, Mich.,
Minneapolis, Minn., and Greencastle, Ind.. 1880-
85. In 1888 he became manager of Bedford s
Magazine. He was married, Feb. 10, 1894. to
Lalla Leins, daughter of Andrew and Anna
R. Trimble (McDowell) McMicken and grand
daughter of Gen. Joseph J. and Sallie Allen
(McCue) McDowell. In 1895 lie resigned the
diaconate. He was professor of military science
and tactics in Miami university, 1900-01 ; in Uni
versity of Maine, 1901-02, and in 1902 accepted
a like position in Peekskill Military academy.
He was a founder of the Sigma Chi fraternity,
of which lie was grand counsel, 1895-97 ; a trustee
of Miami university, 1863-72, and received the
degree of L.H.D. from Miami in 1900.

RUNKLE, Bertha, author, was born in Berke
ley Heights, N.J., in March, 1879 ; daughter of
Cornelius and Lucia (Gilbert) Runkle ; grand
daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Gordon) Runkle
and of Arad and Mary (Fowler) Gilbert, and a
descendant of Peregrine White, of Major John
Willard, of Gen. Zephaniah Curtis, of Vermont,
and of a long line of Revolutionary ancestors. She
attended private schools in New York, 1885-94,
continuing her studies, especially of history, lit
erature, and languages with her mother, and
with private tutors. She wrote some verse which
attracted attention, her Song of the Sons of Esau
being included in Charles Dudley Warner s " Li
brary of American Literature " and in E. C. Sted-
man s "American Anthology." Miss Runkle is
the author of one or two magazine stories and of
Tlie Helmet of Navarre (1901). a novel, which
had a remarkable sale.

RUNKLE, John Daniel, mathematician, was
born at Root, Montgomery county, N.Y., Oct. 11,
1822; son of Daniel and Sarah (Gordon) Runkle.
He attended the
public schools and
academies at Cana-
joharie, Ames and
Cortland, N.Y., and
was graduated at the
Lawrence Scientific
school, Harvard uni
versity, in 1851. He
was employed on the
American Ephemeris
and Nautical Alma
nac, 1849-84. He was
married, April 19,
1863 > to Catharine
Robbins, daughter of
William and Lucy

(Taylor) Bird of Dorchester, Mass. Upon the
opening of the Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology in 1865, he was made professor of math




ematics, and in 1868, when illness obliged Pres
ident Rogers to resign, Professor Runkle was
made acting president of the corporation, and in
1870 became president of the Institute. He im
proved the laboratory work in all brandies, and
in 1871 held the first summer school of mining.
He established the Lowell school of practical
design, laboratories of mining engineering, met
allurgy, mechanical engineering and mechanic
arts, and a preparatory school of mechanic arts,
which latter was transferred to the city of Bos
ton. He resigned the presidency of the Institute
in 1878; travelled abroad, 1878-80. and was
Walker professor of mathematics, 1880-1902, and
professor emeritus until his death. He resided in
Brookline, Mass., and in recognition of the part
he took in introducing manual training in that
town, one of the grammar schools was given his
name. He was elected a fellow of the American
Academy of Arts and Sciences. He received from
Harvard the honorary degree of A.M. in 1851 ;
from Hamilton that of Ph.D. in 18(>9, and from
Wesleyan that of LL.D. in 1871. He founded and
edited the Mathematical Monthly, 1858-G1, and
wrote : Neiv Tables for Determining the Values of
Coefficients in the Perturbative Function of Plan
etary Motion (1855): Manual Element in Educa
tion (1876); Report on Industrial Education
(1883), and Analytic Geometry (1888). He died
at Southwest Harbor, Maine, July 8, 1902.

RUNNELS, Hardin R., governor of Texas, was
born in Mississippi. In 1841 he removed to Bowie
county, Texas, where he started a cotton planta
tion. He represented his county in the state
legislature, 1847-55, being speaker of the house,
1853-54 ; was re-elected to
the legislature in 1855, and
owing to a strong Know-
nothing agitation, was on
short notice elected lieuten
ant-governor in the same
year. He declined his seat
in the legislature, served as
lieutenant-governor, and in 1857 defeate<
Houston for the governorship by a large majority.
He was defeated by General Houston in 1859, and
served in the secession convention of 1801 and
the constitutional convention of 1866. He died
in Bowie county. Texas, in 1873.

RUNYON, Theodore, jurist, was born at
Somerville, N.J., Oct. 25, 1822; son of Abraham
(1801-1892) and Mary (Runyan) Runyon : grand
son of Ephraim (1769-1856) and Elizabeth
(Coriell) (1770-1860) Runyon; great-grandson of
John (1743-1792) and Violet (Layton) (1743-1782)
Runyon ; grent- 2 grandson of Reune (1707-1776)
and Rachel (Drake) (1711-1784) Runyon ; great 8 -
grandson of Vincent and Mary Ronnion and
great*-grandson of Vincent Rongnion, a Huguenot,




Sam



[5681



RUPP



RUSBY




who emigrated from Poiters, France, and was
married in the Province of New Jersey, July 17,
1668, to Ann. daughter of John Boutcher of Hart-
fordshire, England. Theodore Runyon was
graduated from Yale in 1842 ; was admitted to
the bar in 1846, and
began practice in
Newark, N.J. He
was city attorney,
1853-56 ; city counsel,
1856 ; and in 1861 was
a presidential elector
on the Douglas and
Johnson ticket. He
was brigadier-general
of the state militia,
1857-69 ; was mus
tered into the U.S.
service as brigadier-
general of volunteers
in 1861, and assigned
to the command of
the fourth division of the Army of Northeast
ern Virginia. His troops built Fort Runyon,
but did not leave Washington, D.C. In Au
gust. 1861, he resigned his commission; was
subsequently brevetted major-general of the
state militia, and promoted to that rank in 1869.
He was married Jan. 21, 1864, to Clementine,
daughter of William D. and Sarah (Ostrander)
Bruen of New York. He was elected mayor of
Newark, N.J., in 1864, and in 1865 was the un
successful Democratic candidate for governor.
He was chancellor of New Jersey, 1873-87 ;
practised law for six years ; was appointed U.S.
minister to Germany in 1893 to succeed William
Walter Phelps ; and was advanced to the position
of ambassador extraordinary and minister pleni
potentiary in 1894. He received the honorary
degree of A.M. from Yale in 1862, and that of
LL.D. from Rutgers in 1875, from Wesleyan,
1867. and from Yale, 1882. He died in Berlin,
Germany, Jan. 27, l8t)6.

RUPP, Israel Daniel, historian, was born in
Cumberland county, Pa., July 10. 1803. His boy
hood was spent upon a farm, and lie was mainly
self-educated, early evincing a remarkable talent
for languages. He became a school teacher, and
from 1827 devoted himself to the collecting of
historical materials, principally for his "History
of the Germans of Philadelphia," which was in
complete and unpublished at the time of his
death. In addition to his numerous translations
and his county histories of Pennsylvania, he is
the author of : Geographical Catechisms of Penn
sylvania (1836); Events in Indian History (1842);
History of the Religious Denominations of the
United States (1844); Collection of Names of
Thirty Thousand German and Other Immigrants



to Pennsylvania from 1727 to 1776 (1856), and
Genealogy of the Descendants of John Jonas Rupp
(1874). He died in Philadelphia, May 31, 1878.

RUPPERT, Jacob, Jr., representative, was born
in New York city, Aug. 5, 1867 ; son of Jacob and
Anna (Gillig) Ruppert, natives of New York city ;
grandson of Franz and Wilhelmina (Zinclel) Rup
pert, and of George and Anna (Dorn) Gillig of
Germany. lie attended the Columbia grammar
school, and engaged in business as a brewer in
Ne\v York city. He was a member of the 7th
regiment, N.G.S.N.Y.; was appointed aide-de
camp with the rank of colonel on the staff of
Governor Hill, and later served as senior aide on
the staff of Governor Flower. He was a Democratic
representative from the fifteenth congressional
district of New York in the 56th-57th congresses,
1899-1903, and from the sixteenth district in the
58th congress, 1903-05, serving on the committees
on militia, and immigration and naturalization.