land. Ohio, Sept. 9, 189G.
PAYNE, Henry Clay, postmaster-general, was
born in Ashfield, Mass., Nov. 23, 1843: son of
Orion P. (1820-1886) and Eliza (Ames) (1826-
1886) Payne, who settled in Stockton. N.Y.. after
1843 ; grandson of Samuel and Laura (Elmer)
Payrie ; great-grandson of Joseph and Anna
(Billings) Paine, who removed from Ashfield,
Mass., to Allegany county, N.Y. ; great-grand
son of Joseph Ruggles (1735-1822), and Mehitable
(Gittings) Paine, who removed from Braintree
to Ashfield in 1767 ; great 3 -grandson of Samuel
Paine, born 1689; great 4 -grandson of Stephen
Paine, born 1652 ; and great 5 -grandson of Stephen
Paine, who came to Massachusetts with his
father, Moses Paine, and lived in Braintree after
1628. Joseph Ruggles Paine was a soldier in the
American Revolution. Henry Clay Payne at
tended Franklin academy, Shelburne Falls, Mass. ;
was clerk in the post office there, and removed
in 1863 to Milwaukee. Wis.. where he was cashier
in a dry goods store, 1863-67. He was mar
ried, Oct. 15, 1867, to Lydia W., daughter of
Richard Van Dyke, Jr., of New York city, whose
ancestor, Franz Claessen Van Dyck settled on Man
hattan Island about the middle of the 17th cen
tury. They had no children. He was chairman
of the Young Men s Republican. club ; secretary
and chairman of the Republican county com
mission ; secretary and chairman of the Republi
can state central committee; a member of the
Republican national committee from 1880, and
a delegate to the Republican national conven
tions of 1888 and 1892. He was postmaster of
Milwaukee, 1876-86 ; was elected president of the
Milwaukee electric railway and light company
in 1889 ; was president of the American Street
railway association. 1893-94, and receiver of North
ern Pacific railway, 1893-95. He was appointed
U. S. postmaster-general by President Roosevelt,
Jan. 15, 1902, to succeed Charles Emory Smith,
resigned.
PAYNE, John, missionary bishop at Cape
Palmas, Africa, and 52d in succession in the
American episcopate, was born in Westmoreland
count} , Va., Jan. 9, 1815; a descendant of John
Payne, who emigrated from England to the Vir
ginia colony with his brother William in 1620,
armed with chartered rights to appropriate land
obtained through their brother. Sir Robert Payne,
a member of the London Charter company. He
was graduated at William and Mary college,
Virginia, A.B. , 1833, and at the Virginia Theolo
gical seminary in 1836. He was ordered deacon in
Christ church. Alexandria, by Bishop Richard
Channing Moore, July 17, 1836, and immediately
sailed for the missionary field in Africa, where he
remained until his return to the United States in
1841. He was ordained priest in St. George s
church, Fredericksburg, Va., by Bishop Moore.
July 18, 1841; served as a missionary in Africa,
1841-51, and was consecrated bishop of Cape Pal-
masand parts adjacent, in Christ Church, Alexan
dria, Va., July 11, 1851. by Bishops Meade. East-
burn, Lee and Johns. He returned to the United
States^completely broken in health, and his resig
nation was accepted by the House of Bishops in
October. 1871 . He received the degree D.D. from
William and Mary college in 1851. He died at
Ca valla, Westmoreland county, Va., Oct. 23. 1874.
PAYNE, John Howard, dramatist, was born
in New York city. June 9, 1791 ; son of William
and Sarah (Isaacs) Payne, and a descendant of
Thomas Paine, who emigrated from England to
-4]
PAYNE
PAYNE
America in 1622, and settled in Yarmouth, Mass.,
in 1639. He was educated in Boston, Mass., and
became an assistant instructor of elocution with
his father. He succeeded his brother, William
Osborn Payne, as a clerk in a counting house in
New York city in
1804, and there clan
destinely edited the
Thespian Mirror,
1805-06. He attend
ed Union college at
Schenectady, N. Y.,
1806-08, where he ed
ited and published a
college paper called
the Past hue. After
his mother s death in
1807, he gained the
consent of his father,
who had lost all his
property, to his ap
pearance upon the
stage, this having been his ambition from child
hood. He made his debut as Young Norval at the
Park theatre, New York. Feb. 24, 1809, and subse
quently appeared in Boston, Providence, Balti
more and Philadelphia, as Zaphna in Mahomet."
Octavian in "The Mountaineers," Salem in " Bar-
barossa." Tailored in " Sigismonda," and Romeo
in " Romeo and Juliet." He traveled through
the south and north and was everywhere greeted
as the juvenile wonder. He appeared in New
York, March 1, 1811, playing Edgar to George
F. Cooke s Lear; in Boston, Mass., in March
1812, as Hamlet to Mrs. Duffs Ophelia, and then
in Philadelphia and Baltimore. He played as
Young Norval at the Drury Lane theatre, Lon
don, England, June 4, 1813, and after ward traveled
througli the principal cities of England and Ire
land, retiring from the stage in 1817. He resided
in France and England for nearly twenty years
and was engaged chiefly as a playwright, selling
his first play, " The Maid and the Magpie," a
translation from the French, to the managers of
Covent Garden for 100. He wrote, translated
and adapted more than sixty plays, among them,
" Brutus, or the Fall of Tarquin," " Mahomet,"
"Married and Single," "Two Sons-in-Law,"
" Spanish Husband," " Paoli." Judge and the
Attorney," " White Maid." " Post Chaise," " Mrs.
Smith and Boarding School," " Clari, or the Maid
of Milan." (in which occurs his song of "Home,
Sweet Home," and through which everyone con
cerned except Payne realized a fortune), and
" Charles II." " Brutus, or the Fall of Tarquin,"
produced at the Drury Lane theatre with Ed
mund Kean in the title role in 1818. was a success
and became a favorite role of Cooper, Forrest,
and the elder Booth, as did " Charles II." with
[1751
Charles Kemble. He returned to the United
States in 1832 and received several benefits from
members of the theatrical profession in various
cities. He lived among the Cherokee Indians for
a time and became an adviser of the chief Ross
in his difficulties with the United States ; was
arrested with the chief by the Georgia state
guards, and was influential in securing the treaty
that resulted in the removal of the tribe to the
west. He became interested in several projects
in the United States, but none of them prospered,
and in 1841 he was appointed U. S. consul to
Tunis, Africa, from which post he was recalled
in 1845. He resided in Italy, Paris and London,
1845-7, returned to New York city in 1847, and
lived at Washington, D. C., until April, 1851, when
he was reappointed to Tunis and served until his
death. Mr. Payne never married. On June 5. 1883,
his body was removed from the cemetery of
St. George, Tunis, where a monument had been
erected to his memory, and reinterred in Oak
Hill cemetery, Washington, D.C., while a thou
sand voices sang his " Home, Sweet Home." His
portrait hangs on the walls of the Corcoran
gallery at Washington, a colossal bust was erect
ed in Prospect park, Brooklyn, N.Y., and a monu
ment marks his grave. In the selection of names
for a place in the Hall of Fame for Great Ameri
cans. New York university, October, 1900, his
name in " Class A, Authors and Editors" received
four votes. See : " Life and Writings of John
Howard Payne " by Gabriel Harrison (1875, 2d ed.,
1885), and " John Howard Payne : a Biographical
Sketch", by Charles H. Brainard (1885). He
died in Tunis, Africa. April 9, 1852.
PAYNE, Sereno Elisha, representative, was
born in Hamilton, N. Y., June 26, 1843; son of
William Wallace (1814-1863) and Betsy (Sears)
Payne : grandson of Elisha, founder of the village
of Hamilton and a native of Connecticut, and
Esther (Douglass) Payne, and of David, a pioneer
of Cayuga county, and Thankful (Irish) Sears, and
a lineal descendant of Stephen Hopkins, May
flower, 1620. Sereno Elisha Payne attended the
Auburn academy, and was graduated from Roch
ester university in 1864. He studied law at
Auburn ; was admitted to the bar in 1866, and
practised in Auburn in partnership with John T.
M. Davie, 1869-70, and alone, 1870-82. He was
married, April 23, 1873, to Gertrude, daughter of
Oscar Fitzhugh and Arietta (Terry) Knapp of
Auburn. N. Y. He was city clerk, 1867-68 ; super
visor, 1871-72 ; district attorney, 1873-79, and presi
dent of the board of education. 1879-82. He was
a Republican representative from the 26th dis
trict in the 48th congress, 1883-85, and from the
27th district in the 49th congress. 1885-87. He
was defeated for nomination for the 50th congress
by Newton W. Nutting (q.v.), whom he succeeded
PAYNE
PAYNE
in 1889 as representative in the 51st congress,
and served continuously in the 51st-58th con
gresses, 1889-1905. He was a member of the
committee on ways and means in the 51st-58th
congresses, was appointed chairman of the com
mittee on ways and means in the 56th, succeeding
Nelson Dingley, deceased, and in the 57th and
58th congresses. He was appointed a member of
the joint high commission to negotiate a treaty
with Canada in 1898.
PAYNE, Will, editor and author, was born in
Whiteside county, 111., Jan. 9, 1865 ; son of Will
iam Augustus and Caroline (Ferris) Payne;
grandson of William and Eliza (Wells) Payne
of Lebanon, N.H., and a descendant of Thomas
Paine, East ha in, Mass., about 1630. He was
brought up on a farm, attended a country school
and early in life removed to Nebraska, where he
was employed in a bank. In 1890 he engaged in
journalism in Chicago, where he was successively
reporter, city editor and financial editor of the
Daily News, holding the position of city editor
during the World s Columbian exposition, 1893.
In 1896 he left the News to become financial
editor of the Chronicle, and in March, 1897, ac
cepted a similar position on the Economist. He
published novels, including : Jerry, the Dreamer,
(1896) ; The Money Captain (1898) ; The Story
of Eva (1901), and numerous short stories contri
buted to the magazines.
PAYNE, William Harold, educator, was born
in Farmington, N.Y., May 12, 1836 ; son of Gideon
Riley and Mary Brown (Smith) Payne ; grandson
of Gideon and Phoebe (Hill) Payne and of Wil
liam and Lydia (Brown) Smith, and a descend
ant of Stephen Payne, born in Great Ellingham,
Norfolk county, England, who came to America
in 1638 in the ship Diligent, and settled first at
Hingham, Mass. , also maternally from the Brown,
Peck and Smith families, who were among the
first settlers of Providence, R.I. He was brought
up on his father s farm, attended the district
school, Macedon academy three terms, and New
York Conference seminary one term. He taught
school, 1854-58, in New York state ; was principal
of the Union school, Three Rivers, Mich., 1858-64 ;
superintendent of schools, Niles, Mich., 1864-66 ;
principal of Ypsilanti seminary, 1866-69 ; super
intendent of schools, Adrian, Mich., 1869-79 ;
professor of the science and art of teaching,
University of Michigan, 1879-88 ; chancellor of
the University of Nashville and . president of
Peabody Normal college, Nashville, Tenn., 1888-
1901, and in 1901 returned to the University of
Michigan as professor of the science and the art
of teaching. He received the honorary degree
of A.M. in 1872 and LL.D. in 1888 from the
University of Michigan, and the degrees of Ph.D.
from the University of Nashville in 1888, and
Litt.D. from Western University of Pennsylvania
in 1897. He edited and published The Michigan
Teacher, 1864-69, and is the author of : School
Supervision (1875); Science of Education (1879);
Outlines of Educational Doctrine (1882); The
Education of Teachers (1901), and translator of :
Compayre s History of Pedagogy (1886); Lectures
on Teaching (1888) ; Elements of Psychology
(1890) ; Applied Psychology (1893), and Rous
seau s Emile (1892).
PAYNE, William Henry, soldier, was born at
Clifton, Fauquier county, Va., Jan. 27, 1830 ;
eldest son of Arthur Alexander Mason and Mary
Conway Mason (Fitzhugh) Payne ; grandson of
Capt. William and Marion (Morson) Payne, and
of the Hon. Nicholas and Sarah Washington
(Ashton) Fitzburgh, and a descendant in the
seventh generation from John Payne, who with
his brother William came to Virginia in 1620.
His mother was a great-granddaughter of Augus
tine Washington. He was educated at the Uni
versity of Missouri, the University of Virginia,
and the Virginia Military Institute, and was mar
ried, Sept. 29, 1852, to Mary Elizabeth Winston,
daughter of Col. William Winter Payne (q.v.) ;
practised law, and served as commonwealth s at
torney for Fauquier county until 1869, save dur
ing the suspension of civil duties, 1861-65. He
entered the Confederate service as captain of the
Black Horse cavalry, and in September, 1861, was
promoted major of the 4th Virginia cavalry, and
took part in the Peninsula campaign. He was
wounded, left on the field and reported dead in
the battle of Williamsburg, May 5, 1861, was
taken prisoner, and after his release promoted
lieutenant-colonel and placed in temporary com
mand of the 2d North Carolina cavalry, with
which regiment he held Warrenton, Va., against
a Federal attack, thus preventing the capture of
3,000 wounded Confederates in hospital there.
He was wounded and taken prisoner at Hanover,
Pa., June 30, 1863, and on his exchange was pro
moted brigadier-general and commanded the 5th,
6th, 8th and 36th battalion, Virginia cavalry,
which made up Payne s brigade. Fitz Lee s divi
sion, Early sarmy, operating in the valley against
Sheridan in the fall of 1864, and south of the James
river in the spring of 1865 in Fitzhugh Lee s
cavalry corps. He was conspicuous in the battle
of Five Forks, April 1, 1865, where he was
wounded, Col. R. B. Boston succeeding to the
command of the brigade. He was captured, April
13, 1865, brought to Washington April 16, was
mistaken for the Payne implicated in the assas
sination of President Lincoln and by the firmness
of the officer having him in charge was rescued
from a mob intent on killing him. He practised
law at Washington. B.C., and in 1902 was the
counsel for the Southern railway.
[17C]
PAYNE
PEABODY
PAYNE, William Morton, educator and critic,
was born in Ne wbury port, Mass., Feb. 14, 1858;
son of Henry Morton and Emma Merrill (Tilton)
Payne; grandson of Joel and Eunice (Lane)
Payne, and of William and Elizabeth (Merrill)
Tilton, and a descendant of William Payne, who
came from England to Massachusetts Bay in 1635,
during the Puritan emigration, and settled at
Watertown. He removed to Chicago, 111., in
186S. and attended the public schools, but was
mainly self-educated. He was assistant librarian
of the Chicago public library, 1874-76, and taught
in the high schools of Chicago, 187G-1901. He
was chairman of the committee on the philo
logical congress, Chicago, in 1893 ; president of
the Chicago French club, 1887-90, and secretary
and treasurer of the Chicago Twentieth Century
club, 1889-1901. He was lecturer on English
literature at the University of Wisconsin in
1900. He was literary editor of the Chicago
Morning News, 1884-88, and of the Chicago Even
ing Journal, 1888-92, and became associate editor
of the Dial in 1892. He was prominent as a
literaiy critic, chiefly of the modern English,
French, German, Italian and Scandinavian lan
guages, and is the author of : Tlie New Education
(1884); Little Leaders (1895); a translation of
Bjornson s Sigurd Slembe (1888), and of Jaegers
Henrik Ibsen (1890 ; new ed., with additions, 1901);
and Editorial Echoes (1902). He edited " English in
American Universities" (1895), and contributed
many articles to the leading magazines.
PAYNE, William Winter, representative, was
born in Fauquier county, Va., Jan. 2, 1805 ; son of
Daniel and Elizabeth (Winter) Payne ; grandson
of William, of Clifton (bom Feb. 4, 1753), and
Susanna (Stone) Payne. Richard Payne, his first
native American ancestor, was born at Round
Tower, Northumberland county, Virginia, May
12. 1633; son of John Payne, who emigrated
from England with his brother William in 1620,
armed with chartered rights to appropriate lands
in Virginia obtained through their brother Sir
Robert Payne, a member of the London Charter
company. William Winter Payne received an
academical education and removed to Tuscum-
bia, Ala., in 1825. He represented Franklin
county in the state legislature in 1831 ; removed
the Gainesville. Sumter county, Ala., in 1833. and
engaged in planting. He was a representative in
the state legislature. 1834-38, and in 1840, and a
Democratic representative from Alabama in the
27th, 28th and 29th congresses, 1841-47. He was
defeated for re-election in 1846. returned to Vir
ginia, settling at Warrenton. and engaged in
agricultural pursuits until his death. He was
chairman of the Democratic state convention
that met at Richmond, Va. . in 1859. He was mar
ried in 1826 to Minerva, daughter of John J. Win
ston of Franklin county, Ala., and their son served
as colonel in the Confederate army. W. Winter
Payne died at Warrenton. Va.. Sept. 2, 1874.
PAYNTER, Samuel, governor of Delaware,
was born in Sussex county, Del., in 1768. He
engaged in the mercantile business in Lewes ;
was appointed associate judge of Delaware in
1818, and served as governor of the state, 1824-27.
He was a representative in the state legislature,
1844-45, and died at Lewes, Del., Oct. 2, 1845.
PAYNTER, Thomas H., representative, was
born in Lewis county, Ky., Dec. 9, 1851. He
attended the district school and Joseph Rand s
academy, and matriculated at Centre college in
the class of 1870, but did not remain to graduate.
He was admitted to the bar in 1872, and practised
in Greenup. He was married, May 25, 1876, to
Elizabeth K. Pollock. He was attorney for the
county, 1876-82, and a representative from the
ninth district of Kentucky in the 51st, 52d and
53d congresses, 1889-95. In 1894 he was elected
justice of the court of appeals of Kentucky,
resigning from congress, Jan. 5, 1895, to take his
seat on the bench, and the vacancy caused by
his resignation was not filled.
PAYSON, William Farquhar, author, was
born in New York city, Feb. 18, 1876 ; son of
Francis and Mary F. (Dabney) Payson ; grandson
of John Larkin and Frances (Lithgow) Payson,
and of Charles Henry and Ellen M. (Jones)
Dabney, and a descendant of Edward Payson
(1614-1675), who came over with other Puritans
from Nazing, Essex, England, and settled at
Roxbury, Mass., where he was admitted " free
man " in 1640. He received his preparatory edu
cation in England and in New York city ; was a
student at Columbia university, 1892-93, and in
1893 engaged in journalism. He was on the
editorial staff of the New York Times, 1893-95,
and managing editor of Vogue, 1895-97, after
which time he made his home in Bristol, R.I.,
and gave his attention to literary work. He was
married, Oct. 27, 1897, to Mary Farquhar, daughter
of Charles G. King of Providence, R.I. He is
the author of: The Copymaker (1897) ; The Title-
Mongers (1898); John Vytal (1901), and nu
merous short stories in English and American
magazines.
PEABODY, Andrew Preston, educator, was
born in Beverly, Mass., March 19, 1811 ; son of
Andrew Peabody (b. Feb. 29, 1772, d. Dec.
19. 1813 or 14). who was married, May 30 (Dec. 4),
1808. to Mary Rantoul of Salem. She died Nov.
15, 1836. He attended the public school of Bev
erly, of which his father was for several years
principal ; was graduated from Harvard, A.B.,
1826, A.M., 1829 : taught school in Middleton,
Mass., 1826-27 : was private tutor, 1827-28, and
principal of the academy at Portsmouth, N.H.,
1-
PEABODY
PEABODY
1828-29. He was graduated from Harvard Divin
ity school in 1832, was tutor of mathematics at
Harvard, 1832-33, and in 1833 was appointed as
sistant to the Rev. Nathan Parker, pastor of the
South Parish Unitarian church at Portsmouth,
N.H. Upon Dr. Parker s death the same year he
succeeded to the pastorate, which he held until
I860. He became Dr. Frederic Dan Huntington s
successor as preacher to the University and Pluin-
mer professor of Christian morals at Harvard in
1860, being professor emeritus, 1881-93. He was
acting president of Harvard,
1862, and 1868-69, and an over
seer, 1883-93. The honorary
I degree of D.D. was conferred
Ion him by Harvard in 1852 and
that of LL.D. by the Uni
versity of Rochester in 1865.
He was a member of the
Massachusetts Historical society and vice-presi
dent of the American Academy of Arts and
Sciences. He was editor of Tlie Xorth American
Review, 1852-61, and Ely lecturer at Union Theo
logical seminary, 1874. He compiled a Sunday-
school hymn book (1840); edited, with memoirs,
the writings of James Kennard, Jr. (1847); Rev.
Jason Whitman (1849); John W. Foster (1852);
Charles A. Cheever, M.D. (1854), and William
Plummer and William Pluinmer, Jr. (1857). He
is the author of : Lectures on Christian Doctrine
(1844); Sermons of Consolation (1847); Conversa
tion, its Faults and its Graces (1856) ; Christian
ity, the Religion of Nature (1864) ; Sermons for
Children (1866); Manual of Moral Philosophy;
Christianity and Science (1874) ; Christian Belief
and Life (1875) ; Harvard Reminiscences (1888);
Harvard Graduates Whom I Have Known (1890),
besides many sermons and addresses and frequent
contributions to leading periodicals. He died in
Boston, Mass., March 10, 1893.
PEABODY, Charles Augustus, jurist, was
born in Sandwich, N.H., July 10, 1814; son of
Samuel and Abigail (Wood) Peabody ; grandson
of Capt. Richard Peabody (born April 13, 1731),
and of Jonathan Wood, and a descendant of
Lieut. Francis Peabody (1641-1697) of St. Albans,
Hertfordshire, England, who came to New Eng
land in the ship Planter in 1635, and settled at
Topsfield, Essex county, Mass., in 1667. He re
ceived a private education ; studied law at Balti
more and at the Harvard Law school ; was ad
mitted to the bar, and began practice in New York
in 1839. He became interested in politics ; was a
member of the convention that organized the Re
publican part3 r in New York state in 1855 ; was a
justice of the supreme court, 1855-57 ; was ap
pointed commissioner of quarantine in 1858; was
judge of the U.S. provisional court of Louisiana,
1862-65, and chief justice of the supreme court,
1863-65. He declined the appointment of U.S. at
torney for the eastern district of Louisiana in 1865
and returned to his profession in New York city.
He was vice-president of the association for the
reform and codification of the laws of the na
tions, and was chosen a delegate of the U. S.
government to the international congresses of
commercial law in 1885. He was married in
1846, to Julia Caroline Livingstone ; secondly,
in 1881, to Mary E. Hamilton, and thirdly, in
1889, to Athenia L. Bowen. He died in New
York city. July 3. 1901.
PEABODY, Elizabeth Palmer, kindergartener,
was born in Billerica, Mass., May 16. 1804 : daugh
ter of Dr. Nathaniel Peabody. She studied Greek
under Emerson ; was assistant to Bronson Alcott
and Dr. Channing, and continued to teach in
Boston, 1822-49, resid
ing at Jamaica Plain,
Mass. She was one
of the first to intro
duce the kindergar
ten system of instruc
tion in the United
States, and in 1858
published an arti
cle on kindergarten
training in the Chris
tian Examiner. In
1862 she published
. T ^. i ; ,;- -> < * in
a Kindergarten T .
Guide," which cre
ated a widespread in
terest in the work,
leading to the establishment of several schools,
which proved unsuccessful. She went to Ger
many to visit the kindergartens which Froe-
bel and his colleagues had organized, and on her
return to Boston in 1868 publicly repudiated her
former methods of teaching and re-wrote her
" Kindergarten Guide. 7 Training classes were
established and the reform took a firm hold.
She was known as the "Mother of Kindergartens
in America." She is the author of: ^Esllietic
Papers (1849); Crimes of the House of Austria
(1852); The PolisJi American System of Chronol
ogy (1852) ; Kindergarten in Italy (1872) ; a re
vised edition of Mary Mann s " Guide to the Kin
dergarten and Intermediate Class : and a Moral
Culture of Infancy " (1877) ; Reminiscences of Dr.
Clia nning (1880): Letters to Kindergarteners(l88G);
Last Evening with Allston (1887). She died at
Jamaica Plain, Mass.. Jan. 3. 1894.
PEABODY, Francis Greenwood, educator,
was born in Boston, Mass.. December 4. 1847 ; son
of the Rev. Ephraim and Mary Jane (Derby)
Peabody : grandson of Ephraim and Rlioda (Ab
bot) Peabody of Wilton. N.H.. and of John and
Sarah Ellen (Foster) Derby of Salem, Mass., and