'PSinnQl-, Membership Secretary, Rev. F. W. Farr, 692 Eighth Avenue, New York City; Treasurer, Mr.
W. H. Burnham, Kenwood, Madison County, N. Y. ; Rev. John Salmon, of Toronto, represents the
work in Canada; Rev. O. M. Brown in Ohio. There is a board of managers of nine persons, of which
Rev. Dr. Simpson is chairman, and there are 100 vice-presidents, representing most of the States of the
i Union, Canada, Mexico, England, and Ireland. The principal office is at 692 Eighth Avenue, New
York.
The Christian Alliance was organized in 1887, and is spreading rapidly through this country and
Canada. Membership consists of all professing Christians who shall subscribe to the principles of the
order and enroll their names. The objects ot tlie Alliance are stated to be "Wide diffusion of the
Gospel in its fulness, the promotion of a deeper and higher Christian life, and the work of evangelization,
especially among the neglected classes, by highway missions and any other practicable methods. ' '
Auxiliary to the Christian Alliance is the International Missionary Alliance, with a missionary
training college at 690 Eighth Avenue, New Vork. It has a board of officers, with Rev. Dr. Wilson,
New York, as chairman.and Rev. B. A. Simpson, 692 Eighth Avenue, as secretary. This organization
has already established 265 missionaries in India, Congo Free State, China, Japan, and Haj-ti, and is
extending its work as financial assistance is rendered, and during the year 1894-95 over $130,000
was contributed toward furthering the Gospel in heathen lauds.
Door of Hope. 313
smotnan'is <3^f)ristian STcmp trance canton*
Ofpicees op the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union. —Presidm^, Frances E.
"Wlllard LL D Evanston, 111. ; Vice-President-at-Large, Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens, Portland, Me. ;
Corresnondin'g Secretary, Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson, The Temple, Chicago, 111. -Recording
Secretary Mrs Clara C. Hoffman, Kansas City, Mo. ; Assistant Becording Secretary, Mrs. Frances E.
Beauchamp, Lexington, Ky. ; Trrasitrer, Mrs. Helen M. Barker, The Temple, Chicago. Ill . ; Office
^Secretory. Mrs. M. B. Horning, The Temple, Chicago, 111. „ .^ „
Officers OP THE World's Woman's Christian Temperance \]i^t.o^.— President, Frances E.
Willard Evanston, 111. ; Vice- PresideM- at- Large, Lady Henry Somerset, London, England; Secretary,
Miss Agnes Slack, lilemorial Hall, London, England; Assistant Secretary, Anna A. Gordon, Evans-
ton 111 • Treasurer, Mrs. Mary Sanderson Danville, Quebec, Canada.
Object- To unify throughout the world the worlc of women in temperance and social reform, and to
circulate apetitionaddressed to all the governments of the world for the overthrow of the alcohol and
opium trades Methods: Preventive, Educational, Evangelistic, Social, and Legal. Time of Prayer:
Noontide. B*adge: A Knot of White Ribbon. Watchwords; Agitate! Organize! Motto: For God
and Home and Every Land. - ^t, • ^ ^ * m -nr a t.
The following statement of the purposes of the society was prepared for The World Almanac by
the President,FrancesE. Willard: . , . ^, , ^ ^^ - • to-^ ^ ■^v. r, ^ ^-^
The National W C T. U. was organized m Cleveland, Ohio, in 18 <4, and is the sober second thought
of the great woman 's crusade. It is now regularly organized in the forty- four States of the Union, and
in every Territory except Alaska. Its headquarters are in Chicago, 111. , where it has a Woman's Tem-
perance Publishing House that sends out over 118,000,000 pages annually, and has seven editors and
110 employes. This publishing house is a stock company, and all its directors and stockholders are
women, as is its business manager. „ ., , , . . x, i * i t, ,•
The Woman' s National Temperance Hospital demonstrates the value of non-alcoholic medica-
tion The Woman's Temperance Temple, costing over $1,000, 000, has been built in Chicago. The
National Society handled over $40,000 in 1891-92 at its headquarters in Chicago, and its local
auxiliariesexpendednotlessthanhalf a million dollars in their work. . , ,. ,, , ., ,
There are about 10, 000 local unions, with a membership and following, including the children's
societies of about half a million. The W. C. T. U. has forty- four distinct departments of work, presided
over by as many women experts, in the National Society, and in nearly every State. All the States in
the Renublic except two have laws requiring the study of scientific temperance in the public schools,
and all these laws were secured by the W. C. T. U. , also the laws forbidding the sale of tobacco to
minors Most industrial homes for girls were secured through the efforts of this society, as were the
refuges' for erring women Laws raising the age of consent and providing for better protection for
wornen and girls have been enacted by many legislatures through the influence of the department
for the promotion of social purity, of which the president of the society has, until the present year,
The World's W C T. U. was founded through the influence of the National Society in 1883, and
already has auxiliaries iii more than forty countries and provinces. The white ribbon is the badge of
all the W C T U members, and is now a familiar emblem in every civilized country. A great petition
is being circulated in all parts of the world against legalizing the sale of opium and alcoholics. When
two millions of names have been secured, this petition is to be presented to all the governments of the
world by a commission of women appointed for that purpose.
(^Ijtirc!) ^cmprrancr .^ocietg*
General Officers. —P?-esKfen<, Rt. Rev. John Williams, D. D. , Bishop of Connecticut; lice-
Presidents Sixty Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church ; Chairman^ Rev. H. Y. Satterlee, I). D. ;
Vice-Chairman William H. Arnoux ; Treasurer, lVYm^O:vmne\\; General Secretary , Robert Graham.
The society was organized within the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1881. Its adult membership
combines those who temperately use, and those who totally abstain from, intoxicating liquors as
beverages It works on the lines of moral as well as of legal suasion, and its practical objects are;
1 Training the young in habits of temperance. 2. Rescue of the drunkard. 3. Restriction of the
saloon by legislation. 4. Counteractive agencies, such as coffee-houses, workingmen's clubs, read-
ing-rooms and other attractive wholesome resorts. The Church Temperance F.egion (comprising the
Knights o^ Temperance, Young Crusaders, and Veteran Knights) deals with boys, seeking to induce
them to keep sober pure, and reverent from the earliest years of manhood, and it endeavors to per-
netuate those habits in men. The Legion is under the supervision of the Church Temperance Society,
and Rev. E. A. Bradley, D.D., is President, and Rev. John F. Steeu Secretary ; Headquarters, the
Church Mission House, New York.
^ociet^ of ^t* Vinttnt trt J^auL
This great Roman Catholic organization is engaged in the important work of caring for the Roman
Catholic poor in the large cities of the United States. Its head is the Superior Council of the New York
Circumscription, which has its office at No. 2 Lafayette Place. Local bodies, over which it has, in nearly
all cases, jurisdiction, are known as Particular Councils.
The officers of the Superior Council are as follows: Spiritual Director, The Very Rev. Monsignor
John M Farley, V. G. ; President, Jeremiah Fitzpatrick; Vice-Presidents, Joseph A. Kernan and
James E Doughertv; Secretary, Thomas M. Mulry; Treasurer, Philip H. Shelley. There are also
eleven councilors. The principal work of the Particular Councils consists in visiting the poor and
relieving them, procuring situations for deserving persons out of employment, and promoting attend-
ance on the Sunday-schools of the Church. There are sixty- two conferences in the city of New York,
Boot of fMopt.
_ UUU nas oeen receiveu, says ine luuiiuer, luiuush aunwei lu prct.yt;i iiiuue lur jls
support'"' 'During the past four years over $4,000 has been contributed from the proceeds of the
work of'inmates and Mrs. Whittemore's writings to the Foreign Work under what is known as the
' 'Delia Memorial Foreign Missionary Branch of Door of Hope Union.' '
314 The Brotherhood of Philip and Andreic.
^Intcrnattoutrl (©rtrcr of STfjt Bine's 2Batis!)tcrs anXr c^ons*
The following information about this organization was corrected for The World Almanac by
the Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Isabella Charles Davis.
Officers of the Central Council. — Otiice, No. 158 West Twenty-third Street, New York
City. President, Mrs. F. Bottome; Vice-President, Miss Kate Bond; General Secretary, Mrs. Marv
Lowe Dickinson; Treasurer, Miss Margaret P, Barker; Recording Secretary, Mrs. PLobert Sturgis';
Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Isabella Charles Davis.
The Order of the King's Daughters and Sons is a religious order of service, composed of thousands
of small circles of men, women, and children united in one great organization that numbers now over
three hundred thousand members. It is an inter-denominational order, and its members may
be found in all churches and in almost nil nations. It was founded by ten women in New York Citv,
and has spread over every State in the Union, and has its representatives in Canada, England,
Ireland, Scotland, France, Italy. Germany, India, China, Japan, Turkey in Europe, and in Asia,
Australia, New Zealand, and other countries. Its members are bound individually and collectively to
serve the needv and the suffering, to consider the poor, and to be helpful in good work. Each in-
dividual circle mav choose its own field of labor, but cannot escape the obligations of service.
The badge is a small cross of silver, bearing the letters I. H. N. on one side and the date 1886 on
the other, often worn with a knot of purple ribbon. The Order is an incorporated society, of which
this little cross is the seal. Its headquarters are at No. 158 West Twenty- third Street, New York Citv.
Its original circle of ten women, to which have been made some additions, forms now the Central
Council or Executive Board of the Order. The general officers are members of this Council. The
first meeting of the original circle was held in New i^ork City on January 13, 1886. It is now ten
years old, and it ranks among the strongest and most useful societies of the world. It issues a monthly
magazine called The Silver Cross, which is mo-^t helpful to the membei-s of the Order, and takes a
high rank among the religious and philanthropic periodicals of the country. Its work in aid of every
charitable object is effective and increasing. Any information concerning the Order may always be
secured by writing or calling at the headquarters, 156 Fifth Avenue, room 930, New York City.
The Order of the Daughters of the King was organized on Easter Evening, 1885. It is desired by its
promoters that a careful distinction shall be made betv>'een the Daughters ot the King and the King's
Dausrhters. This is the older society, and differs from the King's Daughters in manv important
particulars. In the first place, it is more of an order than a society, and is distinctively Episcopal. Its
work is definite, and is, for the spread of Christ's kingdom among young women, ' ' and the ' ' active
support of the rector' s plans in the parish in which the particular chapter may be located. ' ' Its badge
is a cross of silver, a Greek cross fleury, and its mottoes are " Magnanimeter Crucem Sustine" and
" For His Sake. " Its colors are white and blue— white, the old royal color of Israel, and blue, the
color of the Virgin Mary, the ' ' blessed daughter of Israel's King, the Mother of the Kmg of Kings. ' '
Its constitution is framed, as far as is possible, in the terms of that of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew,
the work of the two organizations being similar. The officers of the Council are: Presideiit.MTS. E.
A. Bradley; Vice-President, Mrs. E. J, Warner; Secretary, Miss Elizabeth L. Kyerson, 520 East
Eighty-Seventh Street, Nevp^ York; Treasurer, Mrs. John H. Kahrs.
^"^t 3Srotljnijootr of ^U ^ntrrtttj^
The following was prepared for The World Almaxac by Mr. John W. Wood, General Secretary:
The Brotherhood of St. Andrew is an orga;iization of men in the Protestant Episcopal Church. Its
sole object is the spread of Christ's kingdom among men. It works under two rules, known as (1) The
Kuleot Prayer: To pray daily for the spread of Christ's kingdom among men, and that Christ' sl)lessing
may be upon the labors of the Brotherhood, and (2) The Rule of Service: To make an earnest effort
each Vvcek to bring at least one man within the hearing of the Gospel of Jesus Christ.
The Brotherhood started in St. James' Church, Chicago, on St. Andrew's Day, 1883. It takes its
name from the Apostle who, when he had found the Messiah, first found his own brother Simon and
brought him to Jesus. This Brotherhood in St. James' parish was started simply as a parochial organ-
ization, with no thought of its extending beyond the limits of the parish. Its work, however, was so
successful in bringing men to church that attention was called to it, and other Brotherhoods, having
the same objects and the same rules, were formed in other parishes in Chicago and in difl'erent parts
of the country. In 1886 there were about thirtj'-five of these separate Brotherhoods. It then was
proposed to form them into one general churcli organization. This was done in 1886. Since that time
the Brotherhood has gone on growing, and at present has spread to all parts of the United States. There
are now eleven hundred and twenty active chapters, with a membership of about thirteen thousand men.
The Brotherhood idea has also taken root in Canada, and the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the Church
of England in the Dominion of Canada has been formed, with one hundred and eighty chapters
and two thousand men. A similar organization has been formed in the Scottish Episcopal Church,
Twenty-five chapters have also been formed in Australia, and have been organized into a Brotherhood
of St. Andrew in the Church of England in Australia. There are also several chapters in England
which will shortly organize the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the Church of England.
The officers for 1895-96 are: President, James L.Houghtelingr, 164 Dearborn Street, Chicago; General
Secretary, John W. Wood, 281 Fourth Avenue, New York; Treasurer. John P. Faure, 281 Fourth
Avenue, New York; Editor of jSV.ylnrf?-^K'.? Cross, John W. Wood, 281 Fourth Avenue. The General
Secretary wiU furnish information and documents to anj' one who may be interested in the work.
^f)C iJrotijciijoot? of i^ijilCp antJ ^ntrrtiu.
This new organization, founded in 1888, held its first federal convention in the city of New York
in 1893. It is composed of members of fourteen evangelical religious denominations— the Reformed
Church in America, the Reformed Church in the United States, the Congregational. Presbyterian
(North, South, Canadian, and United), Methodist Episcopal, Methodist Protestant, Baptist, United
Brethren, Lutheran, Reiormed Episcopalian, and Churcli of Christ. Its objects are embodied in the
statement that "Any man can belong to the Brotherhood who will promise to pray daily for the
spread of the kingdom of Christ among young men, and to make an earnest effort each week to bring
at least one young man within the hearing of the Gospel. ' ' The number of chapters of the Brother-
hood in the United States is 279 and the membership 8,000. Rev. Dr. Rufus W. Miller, the founder,
Reading, Pa. , is President of the Federal Council and Edgar M. Folsom, 93 West One Hundred and
Third Street, New York, General Secretary and Treasurer.
I. . .
A-merican Christian Convention.
315
Wi^t 25ptaort!) Hcafiue,
The following statistics and statement of the purposes of the organization were prepared for The
World Almanac by Rev. Edwin A. Schell, General ^Secretary of the Epworth League:
Officers of the Epworth League. —President^ Bishop James K. FitzGerald, New Orleans,
La ; Vice-Presidents : Department of Spiritual Work, W. W. Cooper, Kenosha, Wis. ; Department
of Mercy and Help, Rev. W. I. Haven, 33 Marion Street, Brookline, Mass. ; Department of' Literary
Work, R. R. Doherty, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York; Departmentof Social Work, Rev. H.C.Jennings,
Marshall, Minn. ; General Secretary, Rev. Edwin A. Schell, 57 Washington Street, Chicago, 111. ; General
Treasurer ^Cha,s. E. Piper, 108 La Salle Street, Chicago, 111. The Central Office of the Epworth League
is located at 57 Washington Street, Chicago, 111.
The Epworth League was formed in May, 1889, by the union of five societies then existing in the
Methodist Episcopal Church, which had under their united jurisdiction about 1,500 local societies, or
"•chapters," and about 6,000 members. On October 10, 1895, the Epworth League in the Methodist
Episcopal Church numbered 19,360 chapters, with a membei-ship of 1,250,000.
Its purpose is to promote intelligent and loyal piety in the young members and friends of the
church, to aid them in religious development, and to train them in the works of mercy and help.
Its constitution provides for development along social, intellectual, and religious lines. Its essential
features are the weekly prayer- meeting, the "•intellectual" and " mercy and help" departments, and
its harmony with the officiary of the church.
It has a weekly organ, the Eprvorth Herald, edited by Dr. Joseph F. Berry, with a circulation of
82,000. There are no salaried officers, except the General Secretary, the organization being entirely
voluntary, and no assessments on local chapters. The incidental expenses thus far have been paid by
voluntai-y contributions. The following tableshows the total number of chapters composing the organ-
ization by States and Territories:
States.
Dec. 1,
1895,
No. of
Chap-
ters.
49
9
40
327
138
160
77
33
41
76
30
1,831
States.
Dec. 1,
1895,
No. of
Chap-
ters.
L326
1,033
137
55
246
378
512
1,012
444
108
456
54
563
8
States.
Dec. 1,
1895,
No. of
Chap-
ters.
States.
Dec. 1,
1895,
No. of
Chap-
ters.
Alabama
Iowa
New Hampshire
New Jei-sey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina..
North Dakota. . .
Oklahoma
Ohio
116
529
12
1,861
59
86
51
2,001
138
1,684
53
81
198
116
1 Texas .
110
Arizona
Kansas
Utah
24
Arkansas
California
Kentucky
Louisiana
iMaine . . .;
Vermont
Virginia
157
41
Colorado
i Washington . ...
West Virginia . .
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Foreign . . .
184
211
474
18
Connecticut
Delaware
Dis. of Columbia.
Maryland
[Massachusetts ..
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Florida
Oregon
177
Georsria
Pennsylvania , . .
Rhode Island . . .
South Carolina . .
South Dakota. . .
Tennessee .
Total
Idaho
19,360
Illinois
Total Member-
ship
Indiana ; . . .
1,318 [Nebraska
1,250,000
Indian Territory
5
'Nevada
Officers: President, Bishop R. K Hargrove, Nashville, Tenn. ; First Vice-President, Rev. J. E.
Harrison, San Antonio, Tex. ; Second Vice-President, Rev. J. W, Newman, Talladega, Ala. : Uhird
Vice-Pj-esident, Prof. W. R. Webb, Bellbuckle, Tenn.; Treasurer, J. U. Rust, Nashville, Tenn'.; Gen-
eral Sec7'etary, Rev. S. A. Steel, Nashville. Tenn. The League was authorized by the General Confer-
ence of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, at St. Louis in 1890. The first League was organized
at the First Church, Memphis, Tenn., January, 1891. At the General Conference in Maj% 1894, the
central office of the League was established at Nashville, Tenn . The Upivortfi Era is the organ of the
organization, published at Nashville. There are now 1, 535 chapters established, with 65, 875 members,
©:ijc i^roUjctijcctJ of tijr ^lustionu
An interdenominational organization of men and women ' ' who believe in the Kingdom of God
on earth, and have united to establish that idea in the thought of tlie Church and to assist in its prac-
tical realization in the world. ' The CLualifications for membership are: "1. Comprehension of the
aims of the Brotherhood ; 2. Harmony with its spirit; 3. The expressed desire to co-operate with it."
The last annual conference was held at Marlborough, N. Y. , August 5-9, 1895. The corresponding
secretary is Walter Rauschenbusch, No. 407 West Forty-Third Street, New York City.
American (^j&riistiaiT (^onijcnttoiu
The American Christian Convention is the representative body of a large number of Christians
and churches, practically free; they might be called independent, but associated for Christian activ-
ities. Their association has caused them to be considered a denomination; and in a certain sense they
are, for they are named, but in the ordinary sense they are not a denomination. The Convention
represents over 100,000 Free Christians.
Their only rule of religious faith and practice, professedly and in fact, is the Bible. Their fellow-
ship is determined by Christian character. They arose at the beginning of this century, in three differ-
ent sections of the country. New England in the East, Kentucky and Southern Ohio 'in the West, and
North Carolina and Virginia in the South, in each district being ignorant ol the springing up of a people
inany other locality teaching the same doctrines. In general tendencies and principles they seem to
contemplate and secure a restoration of the Christianity and spirit of the early Church, as made known
in the New Testament. They are interested in and render assistance to many collegiate institutions.
Officers: President, Rev. Alvah H. Morrill, D. D. , Haverhill, Mass.; Secretary, J. F. Burnett,
Eaton, O. Department Secretaries: Education, Rev. M. Summerbell, Lewiston, Me. ; Missions, Rev.
J. G. Bishop, Dayton, O. ; Publishing, Rev. J. F. Ullery, Conneaut, O. ; Sunday-School, Rev. C. A.
TiUinghast, Providence, R. I ; Treasury, Hon. F. A. Palmer, No. 227 Broadway, New York: Y. P.
S. C. E., Rev. P. A. Canada. Albany, N. Y.
The above statement was prepared for The World Almanac by an officer of the Convention,
316 American Society of Comparative Religion.
smijitc <tx^%n .Society*
Thk principal purposes of this orgauizatiou are: (1) To urge upon men the obligation of personal
purity: (2) to raise the tone of public opinion upon the subject of morality; (3) to secure proper legis-
lation m connection with morality.
The White Cross movement was begun February 14, 1883, at Bishop- Auckland, England, by the
Bishop of Durham, Miss Ellice Iloplcins being present and bearing a prominent part. The work was
taken up in this country by the young men of the Church of St. John the Evangelist, New York City,
during the winter of 1883-84. It has now spread throughout the United States.
The methods of the White Cross are of a varied character. First, it seeks to promote the objects
"By the full presentation of those spiritual truths whicli form distinguishing characteristics of
Christianity, and demonstrate its unalterable hostility to every form of impurity. ' ' The methods do
not favor so much the creation of new machinery as they seek to utilize that already e.xistiug The
platform of the White Cross is as follows:
" The member promises by the 'help of God' (1) to treat all women witli respect, and endeavor
to protect them from wrong and degradation; (2) to endeavor to put down all indecent language and
coarse jests; (3) to maintain the law of purity as equally binding upon men and women ; (4) to endeavor
to spread these principles among my companions, and to try and help my younger brothers ; (5) to use
every possible means to fulfil the command, ' Keep thvsklf pure. ' ' '
The officers are: President, Rev. B. F. De Costa, D. D. , New York; Secretary, Willoughby B.
Smith. 224 Waverley Place, New York. The Central White Cross Committee is comjjosed of the
Protestant Episcopal Bishops of Chicago, New York, ^Minnesota, Central New York, and Pittsburgh,
Bev. Drs. Morgan Dix, J. II. Eccleston, G. S. Converse, and D. Parker Morgan, with W. H. Arnoux
and E. P, Duttou, of New York. The Secretary is Key. Dr. De Costa, and the Treasurer E. P.
Dutton.
National (^i)rijstian Uragtir for t\)t Jjicomotton of c^ocial
This association was organized in 1886. Its headquarters are at 33 East Twenty-second Street,
New York. Its objects are: To elevate opinion respecting the nature and claims of morality, with its
equal obligation upon men and women ; to secure a proper, practical recognition of its precepts on the
part of the individual, the family, and the nation, and to enlist and organize the efforts of Christians