In 1634, probably on the occasion of Archbishop Laud's
Metropolitical Visitation, another Inventory of Church goods
was drawn up. In this list the following entries relate to
the Communion plate : —
" Item i plate for ye Communion table."
" Two Flaggons double guilt one weighing 46 ounces, and the
other 45 ounces and a half."
" Two cupps double guilt w th covers, the one weighing 25 ounces
and three quarters. The other weighing 23 ounces and one quarter."
" Two silver basons parsell guilt, y c one weighing 20 ounces one
quarter, the other 19 ounces 3 quarters "
The two last are still preserved in the " Treasury," and
may perhaps be identified with the two " Sylver Bassoons "
from Canterbury College (see p. 264).
266 CHURCH PLATE IN KENT.
" Two great Candlesticks & a great silver bason all guilt not yet
weighed."
These candlesticks are doubtless those still set upon the
high altar, and may possibly be the pair presented by Cardinal
Pole, and mentioned in the Inventory of 1563 as " defused."
The alms-dish is also still in use.
In a later hand the following additions have been made :
" A silver chalice double guilt & two plates of silver double
guilt and a case to put them in."
This is probably the chalice given by Thomas Howard,
Earl of Arundel, in 1636, described on next page.
During the Great Rebellion much of the plate enumerated
in the above Inventory was destroyed, and at the Restoration
the Dean and Chapter laid out £132 in the purchase of plate
" for the Communion table," and the greater part of the
older plate now in use dates from that period. The list of
1662 makes mention of the following vessels: —
" Two great silver Flaggons double guilt."'
" Three silver Chalices guilt, two of them with their covers."
"Two small silver Plates."
" Two small silver Basons."
No candlesticks are mentioned, perhaps because they had
not yet been brought out of hiding, but in the list of 1689
they reappear as "two great silver candlestickes with a case."
The Act Books of the Chapter inform us that in 1708 the
two chalices were regilt and mended, and that in 1756 the
following severe reparation was undertaken : —
•' It is Agreed & Decreed that the Chalices now in use at the
Alter shall have new feet putt to them, and that they with the
Flagons & the large Bason shall be new guilt, and that the two old
Patens (now become useless) shall be sold together with the feet
which shall be cut off from the two chalisses. and the money they
shall produce -hall be applyed towards defraying these alterations."
In Mediaeval times the Church plate was kept in the
vestry. The ancient apartment called the "Treasury" is
now used as the Canon's vestry, and the plate is kept there
in a fire-proof safe.
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CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 267
By the courtesy of the Sacrist, the Rev. G. H. Gray, M.A.,
I was allowed to make a careful examination of the sacred
vessels, with the result that I have been enabled to add
several particulars not included in the description published
in our Seventeenth Volume.
The Church plate of the various parishes of the Deanery
calls for no special comment.
Elizabethan cups have survived at Eordwich (the earliest),
Holy Cross, and St. Alphege, the last, however, acquired at
a much later date.
Two chalices, that of St. Peter and St. Mary Magdalene,
are perhaps remarkable as having been made during the
Commonwealth period, but the most interesting piece is
doubtless the embossed Jacobean dish, the gift of Alderman
Wetenhall to St. Andrew's Church in 1615, of which we
give an illustration.
To the Incumbents of the various parishes my best thanks
are due for much courteous assistance.
CANTERBURY, THE CATHEDRAL.
1. A Chalice of Silver, gilt. Height, 9 inches; diameter
of mouth 4£ inches, of foot 7 inches ; depth of bowl, 3 inches ;
weight, 9 ozs.
No Hall or maker's marks.
The bowl is hemispherical in form, with a slight lip, and the
arms of Christ Church are engraved on the side, surrounded by a
shell -like border of mantling. The stem, at its junction with the
bowl, has an ornamental collar of Elizabethan character. The
knop, which is in the shape of an inverted cone, occupies t he
greater part of the short stem, and bears in relief the heads and
forelegs of a lion, a horse, and a dog. The tall foot swells out from
the knop into a base, shewing six ogeed angles or projecting points.
From the apex of the foot to the base descend six handsome foliated
mouldings. In one of the six ogeed compartments of the foot there
is an engraved group of three animals : a lion sits between a dog on
the sinister side, and a horse on the dexter, the horse having in its
mouth a slip of oak with an acorn ; the dog and the horse are
standing. Beneath the group is engraved this motto: "CON-
CORDIA * CUM * CANDOKE."
268 CHURCH PLATE IN KENT.
Beneath the foot is engraved: "VOTIYVM • HUNC • CALI-
CEM • DEO • OPT • MAX HUMILLIME • OBTULIT •
ALTAPJQUE • HVIVs ECCLESLE • CATHEDRALls
SACEANDUM ■REL1QVIT • THOMAS • HOWAEDUS •
SEBBNISS • MAG • BRIT • KEGIS • AD CJSSAEEM •
LEGATUS ■HAC • TBANSIENS • 7 APKILIS L636."
The donor of this handsome cup was Thoinas Howard. Earl of
Arundel and Surrey, and afterwards Earl of Norfolk also. He was
born in 15S5. being the son and heir of Philip, Earl of Arundel,
and a grandson to Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk, who
was beheaded in 1572. He married Lady Alethea Talbot, daughter
and ultimately sole heir of Gilbert, seventh Earl of Shrewsbury,
and the animals upon the cup are drawn from the "supporters"
of the arms of Thomas Howard and his wife. The occasion of this
gift was his worshipping in the Cathedral on the eve of his embark-
ation as Ambassador from King Charles I. to the Emperor Ferdi-
nand II. Erom the Inventories of the eighteenth century we learn
that this cup was at that period used for the Communion of the
Sick.
2. A Chalice of Silver, gilt. Height, 10 inches ; diameter
of mouth 4^ inches, of foot o inches; depth of bowl, 4g inches;
weight, 8£ ozs.
No marks.
On the bowl, which is straight-sided and squarish in outline,
are engraved the arms of Christ Church within stiff feather-like
mantling. The stem has a small knop formed by a triple moulding.
The foot is slightly convex.
3. A Chalice of Silver, gilt. A duplicate of the last, but
weighing 9 ozs.
Both these cups probably date from the Kestoration, but new
feet were put to them in 1756.
4 and 5. The two Paten-covers to the above cups are
H inches high and o\ inches in diameter. They weigh 7 ozs.
each.
On the foot, surrounded by feather mantling, are the arms of
Christ Church.
6. A Chalice of Silver, gilt. Height, 9\ inches ; diameter
of mouth 3$ inches, of foot o-jjj- inches ; depth of bowl, oh
inches ; weight, 9£ ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1854. Maker's mark,
J. A., in a two-lobed escutcheon.
The bowl is deep, of oval form, and below the mouth is a belt
â– >i small arcading. The sacred monogram i.i).t. appears within a
CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 269
circle, and around arc four trefoiled arches with cusped tabernacle-
work in each. Beneath the bowl is an elaborate collar with sixteen
points to its rim, eight of them being trefoiled. The stem is
octagonal, and has a knop with slight Btraight pilasters, alternating
with hollow mouldings surmounted by a cable moulding. The foot
is octagonal, its outline shewing eight convex lobes, and eight small
projecting angles alternately. Upon the eight faces of the slope
of the foot are engraved these words (in Gothic lettering) : " Ex
Dono | Sophire Small j Vidua? ob. 1857 | In usum Ecclesise | Christi
Cantuar | Dicavit B. H. | Canonicus Senior j Die Pasch."
Mrs. Sophia Small, a former resident in Canterbury, presented
this cup to the Cathedral through the late Venerable Benjamin
Harrison, Archdeacon of Maidstone 1S45 — 1888.
7. A Chalice of Silver. Height, 8| inches ; diameter of
mouth 3| inches, of foot 4 inches ; depth of bowl, 4| inches ;
weight, 15 ozs.
-London Hall Marks of the year 1 886. Maker's mark, G.F.
(George Fox).
Inscribed under the foot : " D.D., E. Payne Smith Uecanus anno
regni Dnae. Victoria? quinquagesimo 1887."
8. A Chalice of Silver.
A duplicate of the last.
These cups, which are quasi-Elizabethan in form, have belts of
hyphens on the bowl, knop, and foot, and the arms of Christ Church
are engraved on their bowls.
The Very Eev. Eobert Payne Smith, D.D., was Dean of Can-
terbury from 1871 to 1895. He had previously been Eegius
Professor of Divinity at Oxford and Canon of Christ Church,
Oxford. Dr. Payne Smith was an eminent Oriental scholar, and
a member of the Committee for the revision of the Old Testament.
9. A Paten of Silver. Height, 2| inches ; diameter,
8| inches ; weight, 13 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1756. Maker's mark,
W.G., for William Grundy of Goff Square.
The edge has a gadroon pattern, and on the under side of the
foot is the sacred monogram, etc., en soleil. In the centre of the
field are the arms of Christ Church in an oval, surrounded by
mantling. On the reverse is the following inscription : " The Gift
of Philip Weston in Berkshire, Esq." The donor, by his will made
in 1727, bequeathed 40 marks, or £26 3s. -id., to the Dean and
Chapter for the purcdiase of Communion vessels. He also left
money for the purchase of a flagon for Lynsted Church.
270 CHURCH PLATE IX KENT.
10. A Paten of Silver.
A duplicate of the last.
11. A Paten of Silver. Height, 2£ inches; diameter,
6i inches, of foot 3| inches ; weight, 12 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1887. Maker's mark,
G.F.
The arms of Christ Church are engraved on the central foot.
In the centre of the field is a triple row of hyphens within a circle.
12. A Paten of Silver.
A duplicate of the above.
Nos. 1 1 and 12 were both given by Dean Payne Smith in 18S7.
13. A Flagon "/Silver. Height, 14 inches; diameter of
month 4| inches, of bulb 7 inches, of foot 6£ inches ; weight,
62 j ozs. troy.
London Hall Marks of the year 1664. Maker's mark,
on a plain shield a mullet above an escallop between pellets
and annulets.
Mr. Crippa records this mark as occurring on a pair of repousxe
candlesticks in the Imperial Treasury at Moscow, dated 1664. It
also occurs on Communion Flagons, dated 1624, at St. Mary,
Hornsey.
Jug shaped, with spout and flattish lid surmounted by a cross
pommette'e. The bowl is globular, and stands upon a short stem,
divided by a round knop between a cable moulding, between which
are dependent leaves in applique work. Similar ornamentation is
applied to the lid. The lower part of the curved handle terminates
in a serpent's head. On the bowl arc the arms of Christ Church
within stiff mantling. The foot unscrews from the body.
14. A Flagon of Silver.
A duplicate of the last, weighing 60i ozs. troy.
15. An Alms-dish of Silver. Height, 1£ inches ; diameter,
11 inches; weight, 22 ozs.
No marks. Punctured on the under side 20£ ozs.
The centre is bossed up to form a convex scxfoil, with a point
between each pair of its curves. The rim has a small but elaborate
moulding, shewn in our engraving.
CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL. NOS. 15 AND 16.
CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL. NO. 18.
CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 271
16. An Alms-dish of Silver.
A duplicate of the last, but punctured on the under side
19| ozs.
The late Canon Scott Robertson described those Alms-dishes as
Elizabethan or Jacobean. It seems not unlikely, however, that they
may be identified with the "Two sylver BassonB lately belonging to
Canterbury College (Oxford)," mentioned in the Inventory of 1562.
17. An Alms-dish of Silver. Diameter, 18g inches; weight,
52 ozs.
No Hall Marks.
The maker's mark was thought by the late Canon Scott Robert-
son to represent " a man's head and bust," but this is very doubtful.
A mark similar to the above is noted by Mr. Wilfrid Cripps as
used by a goldsmith who, circa 16(50, made vessels that are at the
Chapels of Kensington Palace, St. James's Palace, and Eton College.
It seems not improbable that this dish may be identified as the
" great silver bason " set down in the Inventory of 1634.
A small egg-and-tongue moulding surrounds the outer edge, and
in the centre is the sacred monogram, etc., en soleil.
18. Two Candlesticks of Silver, gilt. Height, \1\ inches,
exclusive of the pricket, which is 5^ inches long.
No marks.
These candlesticks have their surfaces entirely covered with a
peculiar diaper, similar in outline to the skin of a pine-apple, but
perfectly smooth. This pattern occurs on the Ciboria or Pixes at
Rochester Cathedral. They have lost their original bases, and
from this fact it seems probable that they are the candlesticks
mentioned in the Inventory of 1562 as " defased, given by the late
L. Cardinall Poole." Candlesticks are mentioned in the Inventory
of 1631, but not in that made at the time of the Restoration,
probably because they had not yet been brought out of their hiding
place. In 1689 we have the following entry: "Two great silver
candlesticks with their cases." When the rest of the Church Plate
was regilt in 1756 the candlesticks were not included, perhaps
because they were no longer used.
19. A Strainer Spoon of Silver. Length, 7 inches ; length
of bowl If inches; width, 1 inch.
No marks.
The strainer first appears in the Inventory of 1745. and is
probably not much earlier than that date. The bowl is perforated,
and the handle thin and long.
272 CHURCH PLATE IN KENT.
20. A Chalice of Silver, gilt. Height, 8f inches ; diameter
of mouth 4| inches, of foot 6A_ inches ; weight, 144 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1898. Maker's mark,
C.K., in an oblong stamp. Stamped Krall.
Inscribed on the under side of the foot: "D.D.D. Georgia*
Rawlinson Canonicus e gravi morbo recreatus Xativ. Doin.
mldcccxctiii + Hunt- Calieem C'athedrali suav." The arms of Christ
Church are stamped ander the foot.
This is a handsome Chalice, with a plain elliptical bowl, on a
round stem, with large embossed knop, pierced with small qaatre-
foils, and jewelled with sis amethysts and the same namber of
small pearls. The foot is circalar. and is divided into six compart-
ments, containing in relief representations of (1) a Dove ; (2) an
Angel displaying the instruments of the Passion upon a shield;
(3) the upper part of a Cracifix between the San and Moon;
(4) as Xo. 2; (5) a Pelican feeding her young; (6) the Agnas
Dei. The whole elaborately jewelled.
The Rev. George Rawlinson, M.A., sometime Fellow of Exeter
College, Oxford, was Camden Professor of Ancient History in the
University of Oxford from 1861 to 1889. In 1872 he was appointed
a < anon of Canterbary, and from 1888 until his death in 1903 was
Rector of All Hallows, Lombard Street, in the City of London.
Canon Rawlinson was the author of a well-known translation of the
works of Herodotus, of a His tory of the Five Great Jlonarchies of
the Eastern World, and of many other books relating to kindred
subjects.
21, 22, 23, and 24. Four Collecting -plates of Base Metal.
Diameter, 11 inches. Stamped on the under side " Registered
Dec r 6 th , 1875."
These are partially closed in at the top, and are inscribed
respectively (Gothic lettering): (1) ''Freely ye have received,
freely give;" (2) "Open thine hand wide;" (3) "God loveth a
cheerfal giver;" (4) "The love of Christ constraineth us."
The Dean and Chapter also possess a pocket Commanion service
for clinical purposes of silver, gilt and chased, with London Hall
Marks of the year 1842. Makers' mark, Gs ' (Rawlins & Sumner).
CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 273
CANTERBURY, ALL SAINTS.
1. A Chalice of Silver. Height, 5| inches; diameter of
mouth 4| inches, of foot 4£ inches; depth of bowl, 4£ inches;
weight, 17 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1698 (new sterling).
Maker's mark, An., for William Andrews.
Inscribed in script round the bowl, u Ex dono H. Bralesford,
Recto r Parochice Omnium Sanctorum Anno 1700."
The bowl is almost cylindrical, with slight lip and flat base; the
thick hollow stem has a very small knop.
The Eev. Humphry Bralesford was instituted to the united
benefices of All Saints and St. Mildred in 1684, and resigned both
livings in 1708. All Saints is now held with the Bectory of
St. Alphege, but the Church has been closed for Divine Service for
several years.
2. A Paten-cover of Silver. Height, 1^ inches; diameter
5| inches, of button 2§ inches; weight, 7 ozs.
The marks are the same as on No. 1.
Has a vertical edge with a narrow rim, ornamented by thread
moulding ; the same is used on the foot.
3. A Paten of Silver. Height, 2| inches ; diameter
7| inches, of foot 2f inches ; weight, 8 ozs.
The marks are the same as on No. 1.
On the under side, "All Saints, Cant., 1700."
4. An Alms-dish of Silver. Height, 3| inches ; diameter
12^ inches, of foot 3f inches; weight, 30 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1774. Maker's mark,
I.I. (John Innocent probably).
Inscribed on the under side, "All Saints, Cant- V , 1775. Given
by the Rev d S. Fremoult, a native of the Parish."
The Eev. Samuel Fremoult was Eector of "Wootton, near Bar-
ham, from January 1739-40 until his death in September 177!).
He was also Curate of Barham, to which parish he gave in 1753
" One large Chalice of silver, with a glory engraven upon it, for the
use of the Communion; weight, 28 oz. l d " (Barham Parish
Eegister). This cup is no longer to be found at Barham. Many
of the Fremoult family were buried at St. Mildred's. Canterbury.
VOL. XXVII.
274 CHURCH PLATE IN KENT.
CANTERBURY, ST. ALPHEGE.
1. .4 Chalice of Silver. Height, 7| inches ; diameter,
4} inches; depth of bowl, 4£ inches; weight, 13 ozs.
No marks.
Inscribed on the bowl, " S l Alpbege In Canterbury June the
First • 171 i *."
This is apparently an Elizabethan cup. The bowl is shaped like
an inverted truncated cone, with a slight lip. Two bands of con-
ventional foliage between interlacing fillets surround it. The stem
is divided by a small annular knop, whence it swells out on either
side, and is united to the bowl and foot by a small reed moulding.
The foot is slightly convex.
2. A Paten of Silver. Height, 2f inches ; diameter,
8£ inches; weight, 10 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1706. Maker's mark,
S.L., with a coronet above the letters and a mullet
beneath, (?) Gabriel Sleath.
Inscribed ou the under side, " IS 1 Alpbege in Canterbury 1700."
A plain circular vessel on a central trumpet-shaped foot. Tlie
edge of the Paten and its foot is ornamented with a gadroon
moulding.
3. An Alms-dish of Silver* Diameter, 8^ inches; weight,
9 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1734. Makers' mark,
T. & (?) S. ; above the letters a crowned rose.
Inscribed on the under side, " S l Alphege in Canterbury." In
the centre of the field, surrounded by mantling, are the following
arms: " Grilles, three seeded roses argent, a chief vair." Crest:
•■A Lion's bead erased." These are the arms of Taylor of Bifrons.
The donor wa> probably the Rev. Herbert Taylor, M.A., who was
Hector of St. A Iphege from 1 A ugusl 1 ~ li ( J to 1 753, when he resigned
on his collation to the Vicarages of Bridge with Patrixbourne.
I and 5. Two Flagons of Base Metal. Height, 14i inches;
diameter of mouth 4i inches, of foot 8£ inches.
Inscribed under the foot, " S l Alphege in Canterbury."
* There were formerly two Alms-dishes. In the Vestry-book, under the
year 1 86 1, we read : " < me of the Sill er Alms-dishes \\;is stolen from the Church
aboul a year ago & has no1 Bince been found or replaced. — E. G." Edward
Gilder, Vicar of St. Duostan'sand Kuril Dean].
ST. ANDREW'S, CANTERBURY, NO. 5.
CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 275
CANTERBURY, ST. ANDREW.
1. A Chalice of Silver. Height, 7f inches; diameter of
mouth 4£ inches, of foot 4 inches ; weight, 12£ ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1790. Makers' mark,
P.B. over A.B., in a square stamp, for Peter and Ann
Bateman.
The egg-shaped bowl is supported by a plain stem swelling out
into a trumpet-shaped foot, on which is inscribed, " + S' Andrew
the Apostle, Canterbury, 1791."
2. A Paten of Silver. Height, 1 inch ; diameter 5|
inches, of foot 3 inches ; weight, 4 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1871. Maker's mark,
E.G. over B., in a three-lobed stamp.
Inscribed upon the first depression, " + S* Andrew the
Apostle + Canterbury, Christmas 1871 +."
3. A Paten-cover of Silver. Height, lj inches; diameter
4 inches, of button 1£ inches; weight, 3 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1770. Maker's mark,
T.W., in an oblong stamp.
4. An Alms-dish of Silver. Diameter, 9 inches ; weight,
11 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1791. Makers' mark,
P.B. over A.B., in a square stamp, for Peter and Ann
Bateman.
Inscribed round the first depression, " -+- S l Andrew the
Apostle + Canterbury, 1791 +."
5. An Alms-dish of Silver, gilt. Diameter, 9^ inches;
weight, 8^ ozs.
No plate marks.
Inscribed upon the under side, between a very small shield of
arms (bearing apparently three pheons on a bend) and a slipped
rose, " Charles Wetenhall sometyme Maior of the City of Canter-
bury, borne in Cheshire, gave this to the parish of S l Andrew,
for ever, who dyed 1(315. John Gosby and Thomas AVhite,
Ch. -wardens."
This is a wine-taster, and a beautiful specimen of seventeenth-
century repousse work. In the centre of the field is a broad bowl
with a plant in it, surrounded by a circular wreath of oak-leaves with
acorns. Around this is an arcade of sixteen round-headed arches,
filled alternately with pairs of acorns and covered two-handled cups.
T 2
270 CHURCH PLATE IN KENT.
The following are extracts from the accounts of the Church-
wardens of the parish: —
'•1562. Receaved of M r Henry Aldeye Alderman for the
overpluse of the great Chalice iiij 1 ' iij
" Eeceaved more for the Lytell Chalice wayinge viii oz. and
i qr. at v s the oz. xlj 3 iij 1 '
" 1595. Paide for x plate Candellstikes & iij woode Candell
stiks xx 11
" 1616. Item pavd for gildinge the peece of Plate that
M r Wetenhall gave to' the parish l u 4 s J
â– â– Item for a bagge to put in the Plate M r "Wetenhall
crave 4 d
"1620. Rec. of the gouklsmith for 2j ounces 3 qrs. of silver
at 5 s 2 d 5 1 ' 12 s 4 li ."
In an Inventory, dated 1684, of Church goods in some of the
Citv Churches in Canterbury, now preserved amongst the Tanner
MSS. in the Bodleian Library [126, 97 J, are the following entries
relating to the Church Plate then existing at St. Andrews: —
•• One Communion Cup double gilt with a cover. Walter
Southwell, John Lade, Churchwardens, at the bottom of it."
•• A Silver patten wrought work double gilt with upon it
' Charles Wettenhall Maior of the City of Canterbury borne in
Cheshire gave this to the parish of S f Andrew for ever who died
1615. John Gosby & Thomas White Ch. -wardens.'
" Three large pewter flagons.
" Three pewter plates to put them upon."
Charles "Wettenhall was Mayor of Canterbury in 159S.
6 and 7. Tivo Flagons of Sheffield Plated Ware. Height,
12 inches ; diameter of mouth 3f inches, of foot 5£ inches.
The lids, which are bossed up in the centre, are ornamented
with a gadroon moulding round their edge.
8 and 9. Two Pevjter Plates. Diameter, 9£ inches.
The marks are a crowned rose and .... tha fly.
Inscribed in script on the under side, " Edward Jural), William
Peele, Churchwardens, 1708."
ST. DUNSTAN'S.
1. A Chalice of Silver, (jilt. Height, 7' inches; diameter
of mouth M inches, of foot 3f inches ; weight, 10 ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1774. Maker's mark,
JF. (?) 13. (Frederic DeveerP).
[nscribed : " Given to the Parish of S* Dunstan's, Kent, By |
UJen, 1775."
A plain bell-shaped bowl with lip ; the stem has a small oval knop.
CHURCH PLATE IN KENT. 277
2. A Chalice of Silver.
A duplicate of the last. Both are stamped under the
foot SJ>.
3. A Paten of Silver. Height, 2 inches ; diameter,
6§ inches ; weight, 6^ ozs.
London Hall Marks of the year 1639.
Maker's mark. The Eev. W. A. Scott Eobertson (Archceoloyia
Cantiana, Vol. XVI., p. 389) says, "T.C. in a shaped shield, with
an object perhaps a fish over the letters," but this is by no means
clear, the mark being nearly obliterated.
The convex side is engraved with four conventional sprays of
Elizabethan foliage. Mr. Scott Eobertson thought this portion
formed part of an earlier paten-cover, and that the broad rim was
welded round it in 1(51 L [sic].