mand of Varus. This he excuses
on the plea of necessity. Inf. 'ne-
cessitatis crimen, est, &c.'
Sect. II. 1. Adhuc, %c] Vid.
Quint, iv. 2, who considers this
PRO Q. L1GARIO, Cap. 2.
167
Domo est egressus non modo nullum ad bellum, sed ne ad
minimam quidem suspicionem belli : legatus in pace pro-
fectus, in provincia pacatissima ita se gessit, ut ei 2 pacem
esse expediret. Profectio certe animum tuum non debet
offendere. Num igitur remansio? Multo minus. Nam
profectio voluntatem habuit non turpem, 3 remansio etiam ne-
cessitatem honestam. 4 Ergo haec duo tempora carent cri-
mine : unum quum est legatus profectus ; alterum quum
efflagitatus 5 a provincia, propositus Africa? est. Tertium est
tempus, quo post adventum Vari in Africa restitit : quod si
est criminosum, necessitatis crimen est, non voluntatis. An
ille/si potuisset illinc ullo modo evadere, Uticae potius,
quam Romae, 7 cum P. Atio, quam cum concordissimis fratri-
bus, 8 cum alienis esse, quam cum saiis maluisset ? Quum
ipsa legatio plena desiderii ac sollicitudinis fuisset, propter
incredibilem quendam fratrum amorem, hie aequo animo
esse potuit, belli discidio 9 distractus a fratribus ? Nullum
igitur 10 babes, Caesar, adhuc in Q. Ligario signum aliense
a te voluntatis: cujus ego eausam, animadverte, quaeso, qua
recapitulation part of the narra-
tion ; whereas others, e. g. Abram.,
are disposed to refer it to the confir-
mation.
2. Ei] Referred by the commen-
tators to Ligarius, as if the sense
were * bad men find it their interest
to excite war rather than preserve
peace ; not so Ligarius.' But the
question was not as to the abstract
merit or demerit of Ligarius, which
Caesar did not, perhaps, regard, but
whether he were chargeable with ex-
citing the provincials to war, i. e. to
declare against Caesar. This Cic.
denies, because he conducted him-
self so as to make it the interest of
the province to preserve the profound
peace which it enjoyed. Besides, if
Ligarius were meant, the grammati-
cal construction would require ' sibi.'
Schel. v. i. p. 277. To 'ei,' there-
fore, supply ' provincial.' Quint, iv.
2., varies the words thus : ' sic eum
provincial pracfuisse, ut Mi pacem ex-
pediret ; where ' illi' is surely ' pro-
vincial'
3. Volant. non turpem'] A * Li-
totes,' for, ' highly to his credit ;'
for a provincial command was an
object of honourable ambition.
4. Necessitatem honestam] ' Neces-
sity,' because he could not resist the
commands of the pro-consul, backed
by the importunity of the province ;
' honourable' to be so commanded
and importuned. Or the latter may
mean, ' such as would influence every
honourable mind.'
5. Efllagitatus] i. e. Flagitando
impetratus. Patric.
6. An Me, fyc.~\ Probable argu-
ments why Ligar. was not a volunteer
in the cause of Pompey, and cer-
tainly not very strong ones.
7. Roma] Where his brothers re-
mained, if not neutral, attached to
Caesar's cause.
8. Concordissimis fratribus] One
of them, T. Ligarius, the quaestor, ur-
banus, is mentioned, inf. c. 12.
9. Discidio] ' Discidium' propria
corporum, a discindo ' dissidium,'
animorum a dissideo. Forcel.
168
M. T. C1CER0NIS ORATIO
fide 11 defendam : prodo 12 meam. O clementiam admirabi-
lem, atque omni laude, 12 praedicatione, Uteris, monumentis-
que decorandam! M. Cicero 13 apud te defendit, 1 * alium in
ea voluntate 15 non fuisse, in qua se ipsum confitetur fuisse,
nee tuas tacitas cogitationes extimescit, nee, quid tibi de
alio audienti, de seipso occurrat, reformidat.
III. Vide quam non reformidem : vide, quanta lux libe-
ralitatis 1 et sapientiae tuae mihi apud te dicenti oboriatur ! 2
Quantum potero, voce contendam, 3 ut populus hoc Roma-
nus exaudiat : suscepto bello, 4 Caesar, gesto 5 etiam ex magna
parte, nulla vi 6 coactus, judicio meo ac voluntate ad ea
arma profectus sum, quae erant sumpta contra te. Apud
quern 7 igitur hoc dico ? Nempe apud eum, qui, quum hoc
sciret, 8 tamen me, antequam vidit, reipublicae reddidit ; qui
10. Nullum igitur, #c] This be-
ing the general conclusion of the
three periods, shows the meaning of
' culpa,' ' crimen,' &c. preceding ; sc.
* aliens a te (Caesare) voluntatis.'
11. Fi(W\ The honest zeal of a
'pajtronus' to his client.
12. Prodo'] Al. cum prodo.
12. Laude, c] Laus judicio bo-
noram virorum ; prsdicatio sermoni-
bus; literae historiis ; monumenta la-
pidibus continentur. Abram.
13. M. Cicero] Quint, vi. in fine.
14. Defendit] Urges in defence.
15. Ea voluntate] He does not say
* party,' for in that he was ; but ' in-
clination,' for he was there of necessity.
Sect. III. 1. Liberalitatis] Treat-
ment befitting freemen, generosity,
clemency ; and lest it might appear
rashly exerted, he adds ' sapientiae.'
The two words then, may be consi-
dered a sort of Hendiad, equivalent to
' considerate generosity.'
2. Lux oboriatur] Phil. i.2. ' lux
qujedam oblata,' where some read
* oborta ;' ' oboriatur' is ' subito ori-
atur.' Manil. 12. n. 15.
3. Voce contendam] i.e. 'Voce con-
tenta dicam ;' speak at the pitch of
my voice. Sometimes t voce' is
suppressed, as orat. pro Flac. 16.
' Vociferarer, et quantum maxime
possem contenderem.' Similarly Dem.
de Cor. 46. ri ditruvapnv rw-
ai o<p6pa ; Fabr.
4. Suscepto bello] Quint, ix. 2. re-
marks that in this candid confession
Cic. ' non solum ad utilitatem Li-
garii respicit, sed raagis laudare vic-
toris clementiam non potest.' Fam.
vi. ad Caecinam, Cic. says suscep-
tum bellum quiescente me, depulsum
ex Italia manente me.'
5. Gesto etiam] Caesar passed the
Rubicon in the beginning of the year
704 ; and having in less than two
months traversed the entire of Italy,
he chased Pompey out of Brundu-
sium. Cic. did not join Pompey
till the end of May, after Caesar had
set out to Spain.
6. Nulla vi] Cic. was requested
by Caesar and his friends to remain,
but on a principle of gratitude, be-
cause Pompey had procured his return
from exile, he joined him in Greece.
But Ligarius's was ' necessitatis cri-
men.'
7. Apud quern ] This self-inter-
rogation and reply is noticed and ap-
proved of by Quint, iv. 2.
8. Hoc sciret] Cic. amplifies the
favour, from the circumstances attend-
ing the conferring of it. 1 . Of time.
' It was done at once, before he saw
PRO Q. LIGARIO, Cap. 3.
169
ad me ex /Egypto literas misit, 9 ut essem idem, qui fuis-
sem ; qui quum ipse imperator 10 in toto imperio populi Ro-
mani unus esset, esse me alterum 11 passus est ; a quo, hoc
ipso 12 C. Pansa mihi nuntium perferente, concessos fasces 1 "
laureatos tenui, quoad tenendos 14 putavi ; qui mihi turn de-
nique se salutem putavit dare, si earn 15 nullis spoliatam orna-
mentis dedisset. Vide, quaeso, 16 Tubero, ut, qui de meo
facto non dubitem dicere, de Ligarii non audeam confiteri !
me. 2. Place even from /Egypt. 3.
Comparison admitting me his equal
4. Concomitants of rank the con-
cession of the fasces. 5. The con-
junction of safety and dignity.
Fabr.
9. Literas misit] By Philotimus.
Att. xi. 24; Fam. xiv. Epist. ult.
Redditre mihi jam tandem sunt a
Caesare literse satis liberales.' ' Ex
iEgypto,' whither Caesar pursued
Pompey after the battle of Pharsa-
lia.
10. Imperator} Tiberius id quoque
Blaeso tribuit, ut Imperator legioni-
bus salutaretur; prisco erga duces,
honore, qui, bene gesta repub., gau-
dio et impetu victoris exercitus concla-
mabantur. Tacit, iii. 74.
11. Alterum'] Cicero being obliged
to accept a province, had by lot
Cilicia, where he subdued a band of
robbers which infested mount Ama-
nus. For this exploit he was saluted
Imperator by the soldiers, and applied
to the senate to be allowed a triumph
at Rome, which was unanimously
agreed to, but prevented from taking
place by the breaking out of the civil
war. ' Unum alterum' are not to
be taken, strictly, as if Caesar and
Cicero were really the only ' Impera-
tores' now existing ; but as if Caesar
had by his glory eclipsed the fame of
all others, and yet permitted Cicero
his title. Manut. says, ' concessis
fascibus laureatis, insignibus imperii.'
Inf. n. 13. Att. x. 3. Caesar Impe-
rator Ciceroni Imperatpri, salutem.
12. Hoc ipso] The very same Pansa
VOL. 1.
who ventured to confess that Ligarius
had been in Africa.
13. Fasces] 'PaGdovQ. Hence the
lictors are called by Plut. padSx ot -
They were at this time six in num-
ber, and had their wands or fasces
wreathed with laurel. Cicero's prov-
ed an annoyance rather than any thing
else, as he was unable to move around
Brundisium without them. Att. vii.
9. Fam. ii. 16. ' sed incurrit hsec
nostra laurus non solum in oculos sed
etiam invoculas malevolorum.
1 4. Quoad tenendos] Namely till Oct.
a.u. 707, when he had been in com-
mand four years, Att. xi. Ep. ult. Fam.
xiv. 20. Fabr.
1 5. Si earn, fyc] So Marcel. 1 1 . ' A te
non conservato solum, sed etiam orna-
to.' And, Att.ii.6,hewritesthatOppius
and others informed him of Caesar's
intentions to pardon and honour him ;
and Caesar did at Brundisium alight
from his chariot and converse with
him in the most friendly manner.
Of all this Cicero's well known charac-
ter affords an easy solution. For da-
re dedisset,' al. reddere redderet.
16. Vide, qiucso] i. e. ' See Tubero,
how [probable it is that] I should not
boldly acknowledge Ligarius's fault,
if it existed, who hesitate not to de-
clare my own!' meaning 'not pro-
bable at all.' Quint, v. 10, speaking
of arguments, calls this, ex difficili-
ore ;' for if Cic. confessed his own
defection he accomplished a more dif-
ficult task than to confess another's.
But as he denies Ligarius's fault, the
inference is that it did not exist.
Q
170
M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
Atque haec propterea 17 de me dixi, ut mihi Tubero, quum
dese 13 eadem dicerem, ignosceret: cujus ego industriae glo-
riaeque faveo, 19 vel propter propinquam cognationem, 20 vel
quod ejus ingenio studiisque delector, vel quod laudem ado-
lescentis propinqui existimo etiam ad meum aliquem fructum
redundare. 21 Sed hoc quaero, quis putet esse crimen, fuisse
in Africa Ligarium? Nempe is, qui 22 et ipse in eadem
Africa esse voluit, et prohibitum 23 se a Ligario queritur, et
certe contra ipsum Caesarem est congressus armatus 24 . Quid
enim, Tubero, 25 tuus ille districtus in acie Pharsalica 26 gla-
dius agebat ? cujus latus ille mucro petebat ? 27 qui sensus 28
erat armorum tuorum ? quae tua mens ? oculi I 29 manus ? ar-
dor animi ? quid cupiebas ? quid optabas ? Nimis urgeo :
17. H<tc propterea] Tubero could
not object to Cic. as treating him
harshly, if he put him on the same
footing with himself.
18. Da se] Sc. ' Tuberone.' Cic.
for emphasis uses the reciprocal pron.
instead of the demonst. when no am-
biguity arises.
19. Faveo] For three reasons : 1.
He is my relation. 2. His pursuits
are congenial to mine. 3. I expect
to reap some advantage from his
glory.
20. Cognationem] He had said above
' propinquus meus,' and says below
' necessitudines quae mihi sunt cum L.
Tuberone, &c.' Manut. wonders that
be should confound in these passages,
the ordinary distinction of ' cognatio'
and ' affinitas.' But he does not ; for
* affinitas' applies to the father j and
* cognatio,' to the son.
21. Redundare] i. e. Referri, per-
tinere.' So. Cat. i. 12. verendum
mihi, ne quid invidiae mihi in poste-
ritatra redundaret. Mil. 37.
22. Nempe si qui] Quint, xi. 1.
mentions that the charge sometimes
happens to admit of a retort, as here,
fee
23. Prohibitum] Sc. from landing
in Africa.
24. Congressus armatus] Sc. at
Pharsalia. lN'ow Ligarius was merely
in Africa, and did not fight there.
25. Quid enim Tubero] This para-
graph is favoured with reiterated no-
tices by Quint. In viii. 4. it is given
as an instance of amplification by
synonymous words ; viii. 5. of perso-
nification ; ix. 2. of urgent interroga-
tions and of cnroorpoipri, and lastly
xi. 3. of pronunciation.
26. Acie Pharsalica] QapoakoQ
iroXig OeeaaXiaQ, anb 4>ap<xa\ th
'AKpioitt. Steph.
27. Mucro petebat] Nam punctim
non caesim, llomani hostes feriebant.
Sylv.
28. Sensus] Armissensumtribuit po-
etico more. Manut.; what thoughts
had your arms? ' quas tua mens' 1
what were your own thoughts 1
29.0culi] Similarly of Turnus,vEn.
xii. oculis micat aciibus ignis.
30. Commoveri adolescens :] Cic. al-
tributes to Tubero, the emotions which
were excited in Cassar. Quint, ix. 2.
Plut. in Cic. x. too, writes that at this
burst of eloquence, Caesar let fall the
papers which were in his hand and even
trembled ; and contrary to his pre-
vious resolution pardoned Ligarius.
This story however is very doubt-
ful ; and some have explained Cssar's
emotions by attributing them to an
epileptic fit, to which fits he was sub-
ject.
PRO Q. LIGARIO, Cap. 4.
171
commoveri videtur adolescens i 30 ad me revertar. Iisdem in
armis 31 fui.
IV. Quid autem aliud egimus, 1 Tubero, nisi, nt, quod hie
potest, 2 nos possemus ? Quorum 3 igitur impunitas, Caesar,
tuae clementia3 laus est, eorum ipsorum ad crudelitatem te
acuet 4 oratio ? Atque in hac causa nonnihil equidem, Tu-
bero, etiam tuam, 5 sed multo magis patris tui prudentiam
desidero : 6 quod homo quum ingenio, turn etiam doctrina 7
excellens, genus hoc causa? quod esset, non viderit. Nam,
si vidisset, quovis profecto, quam isto modo 8 a te agi ma-
luisset. Arguis fatentem. Non est satis. Accusas eum, qui
causam habet, aut, ut ego dico, meliorem, quam tu, aut, ut
tu vis, 9 parem. Haec admirabilia 10 sunt, sed prodigii 11 si-
mile est, quod dicam. Non habet earn vim ista accusatio,
ut Q. Ligarius condemnetur, sed ut necetur. Hoc egit civis
Romanus ante te nemo. Externi isti sunt mores. 12 Usque
31. Iisdem in armis] i. e. In the
camp of Pompey ; for he was not in
the battle of Pharsalia. Fam. xviii. 9.
Att. xi. 4.
Sect. IV. 1. Quid aliud egimus]
Contrive, aim at. Off. i. 13. Id agunt,
ut viri boni esse videantur. Quint, v.
13. Fortissime defendentis est dicere
' quid aliud, &c.'
2. Hie potest] Quas opes Caesar
habet nos haberemus. Fabrit. Quint,
ix. 2. remarks here ' Admirabiliter
utriusque partis facit bonarn cau-
sam.'
3. Quorum, tyc] Sc. the Tuberos.
Quint, viii. 5. adduces this as instance
of ornamental enthymeme. Cic. had
already proved the cause of Tubero
unjust.
4. Acuet] rrapoZwii. Fabr.
5. Nonnihil t uam~\ For the youth
of the son rendered him somewhat
excusable.
6. Desidero] Feel the want of, miss.
Manil. 2.n.23.
7. Doctrina] The son excelled in
jurisprudence, the father in the know-
ledge of history. Q. Frat. i. 1. 3. Gell.
vi. 3.
8. Itto modo] He explains it inf.
Non habet earn vim ista accusatio,
ut Ligar. condemnetur sed ut nece-
tur.
9. Ut tu vis] Who say that he bore
arms against Caesar which you did
too. Cic. here acknowledges him a
Pompeian. Introd. 2.
10. Haze admirabilia] i. e. napa-
doa. Al. insert non modo.
11. Prodigii] Qu. ' prodicium'
from * prodico.' Divin. i. 42. Quae
enim ostendunt, portendunt, mons-
trant, prodicunt, ostenta, portenta,
monstra, prodigia, dicuntur. These are
attempted to be distinguished. Thus
Fronto : in ostento raritas facit admi-
rationem j in monstro rectus naturae
ordo vincitur ; in portento differtur
eventus ; in prodigio detrimentum sig-
nificatur.
12. Externi sunt mores] He al-
ludes to the Valerian and Porcian
laws which rendered the persons
of Roman citizens in a manner sa-
cred; whereas the fickle Athenians,
e. g. put to death their best citizens,
Socrates and Phocian, the Cartha-
ginians commonly crucified their un-
successful generals, and the Persians
were equally cruel. Plut. Artax. 25.
172
M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
ad sanguinem 13 incitare solent odium aut levium Graecorum, u
aut immanium 15 barbaromm. Nam quid aliud agis? ut
Romaene sit? ut domo careat ? ne cum optimis fratribus,
ne cum hoc T. Broccho 16 avunculo suo, ne cum ejus filio,
consobrino 17 suo, ne nobiscum vivat? ne sit in patria ? Num
est? num potest magis carere his omnibus, quam caret?
Italia prohibetur, exsulat. 18 Non tu ergo hunc patria pri-
vare, qua caret, sed vita, vis. 19 At istud, 20 ne apud eum
quidem dictatorem, 21 qui omnes, quos oderat, morte mul-
tabat, quisquam egit isto modo. Ipse jubebat occidi, nul-
lo postulante; 22 praemiis 23 etiam invitabat. 24 Quae tamen
crudelitas ab hoc eodem 25 aliquot annis post, 26 quem tu nunc
crudelem esse vis, vindicata est.
V. " Ego vero istud non postulo," inquies. 1 Ita meher-
cule existimo, Tubero. Novi enim te, novi patrem, novi
domum, nomenque vestrum, studia denique generis, 2 ac
13. Sanguinem~\ Necem. Eurip.
Orest. 400. IlvXddng 6 avvdpCbv al-
pa, &c.
14. Levium Gracorum] * Levitas
propria Graecorum.' Flac. 24.
15. Immanium] Marcel. 3. Domu-
istigentes immanitate barbaras.
16. Broccho] A cognomen of the
Furian family. He was Ligarius's
uncle by the mother's side.
17. Consobrini] Qu. ' cousororini,'
properly the sons of two sisters;
whereas the sons of a brother and
sister, which it appears by the word
1 avunculo,' Ligarius and Brocchus
were, are called * amitini.' But this
is not strictly observed.
18. Exsulat] Sc. at Adrumetum.
Introd. 2.
19. Sed vita vis] This harsh mo-
nosyllabic termination is supposed to
intimate the horror of Cic. at the cruel
conduct of Tubero.
20. Istud] Sc. ' privare vita.' Pa-
ir ic.
21. Dictatorem] Sylla.
22. Nullo postulante] The ' pos-
tulatio' was the first and necessary
step in every trial. It was a request
from the plaintiff to the ' quaesitor' or
presiding judge, to be allowed to pre-
pare his charge, and that a day be
named for hearing it. Fam. viii.6. Sylla
did not wait for this tedious process.
23. Pra:miis] Namely of two ta-
lents, even though a son killed his
father, and a slave his master. Plut.
Syll. 31.
24. Invitabat] Sc. to murder j not
to accuse.
25. Ab eodem] Nempe Caesare.
26. Aliquot annis] About seven-
teen. For Sylla was dictator a. u.
671, and Caesar conducted this pro-
secution, when aedile in 690. His
plan was to reckon in the number of
the ' Sicarii' those who had killed or
received money for killing persons pro-
scribed. Among those proscribed was
Faustus the son of Sylla. He also
restored to the sons of the proscribed
the privilege of holding magistracies,
which Sylla's law forbade. Suet.
Jul. 11.
Sect. V. L. Istud inquies]
You will tell me you do not want
blood.
2. Generis] i. e. gentis, the JEIxslti ;
of which the Tuberos were a ' familia,'
among the Lamiae, Paeti, Cati, &c.
PRO Q. LIGARIO, Cap. 5.
173
familiae vestrae, virtutis, 3 humanitatis, doctrinae, 4 plurima-
mm artium atque optimarum, nota sunt mihi omnia. Ita-
que certo scio, vos non petere sanguinem : sed parum at-
tenditis. Res enim eo spectat, 4 ut ea poena in qua adhuc
Q. Ligarius sit, non videamini esse contenti. Qua? est igi-
tur alia, prater mortem? Si enim in exsilio est, sicuti est,
quid amplius postulatis ? An, ne ignoscatur? Hoc vero
multo acerbius, 5 multoque est durius. Quod nos domi pe-
tiimus 6 precibus et lacrymis, strati 7 ad pedes, non tarn
nostra? causa? fidentes, quam hujus humanitati, 8 id ne impe-
tremus, pugnabis ? et in nostrum fletum irrumpes ? 9 et nos
jacentes ad pedes, supplicum voce prohibebis ? lu Si quum
hoc domi 11 faceremus, quod et fecimus, et, ut spero, 1 * non
frustra, 13 fecimus, tu derepente irrupisses, et clamare ccepis-
ses : " C. Caesar, 14 cave ignoscas, cave te fratrum pro fratris
vsalute obsecrantium misereatur :" 15 nonne omnem humanita-
tem exuisses? Quanto hoc durius, quod nos domi petiimus,
id te in foro oppugnare ! et in tali miseria multorum, 16 per-
fugium misericordiae 17 tollere? Dicam plane, C. Caesar,
3. Studia generis vivtutis~] The
first is the subjective, the second the
objective, genitive. Zumpt's L.gram. c.
70. i. e. ' The zeal for virtue, learning,
&c. belonging to your race and line-
age.' Cat. i. 5.
4. Doctrinte] Cic. frequently al-
ludes to the learning and parts of the
yElians. De Or. i.56. Tuscul. iv. 2.
Muren. 36.
4. Res eo spectat] He accuses them
of unintentional cruelty ; because Li-
garius being already in exile any pu-
nishment must be worse than that, i.e.
must be death. Introd. 2.
5. Hoc inullo acerbius'] This denial
of pardon is harder than death itself.
The love of country was strong in the
Romans, and hence. the misery of
perpetual exile. Vid. the peroration
of ' the Milo.'
6. Demi petiimus] For Cic. had
lately addressed Caesar at his house,
not to clear Ligarius from Tubero's
charge, but restore him from exile.
Supr. 1. n. 2.
7. Strati] Al. prostrati, and supr.
gravius for durius.
8. Humanitati] Mercy. Arch. J .
n. 19.
9. Irrumpes] Vi irrues dum nos
flentes Cacsari supplicamus. Fabr.
"10. Supplicum voce prohibebis] Sup-
plicare non permittes. Fabr.
1 1 . Domi] Sc. Caesar's.
12. Spero] Arbitror. Sylv.
13. Non frustra] Cic. was aware
that the appeal made at Caesar's house
had not been ineffectual. Now if
the attempt to nullify that effect at the
time that it was produced, wejg cruel
in Tubero, how much more so when it
was made in the forum and by a cri-
minal impeachment ?
14. C. C<esar] npo<7ti)7ro7roiia.
15. Misereatur] Impers. for ' mise-
reat ;' and so quoted by Priscian, lib.
viii.
16. Miseria multorum] Pompe-
ians who like Ligarius were in exile
from their native country.
17. Perfug. misericord ice] The re-
fuge of mercy 3 i. e. the refuge which
Q2
174 M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
quod sentio. Si in hac tanta tua fortuna 18 lenitas tanta non
esset, quantam tu per te, per te, inquam, obtines, 19 (intelligo,
quid loquar), 20 acerbissimo luctu 21 redundaret ista victoria.
Quam multi enim essent de victoribus, qui te crudelem esse
vellent, quum etiam de victis 22 reperiantur ! quam multi,
qui, quum a te nemini ignosci 23 vellent, impedirent cle-
mentiam tuam, quum etiam ii, quibus ipse ignovisti, nolint
te in alios esse misericordem ! Quod si probare Caesari
possemus, in Africa Ligarium omnino nonfuisse; si honesto
et misericordi mendacio 24 saluti civi calamitoso esse velle-
mus : tamen hominis non esset, in tanto discrimine et peri-
culo civis, refellere et coarguere nostrum mendacium ; si es-
set alicujus, ejus certe non esset, qui in eadem causa et
ibrtuna fuisset. Sed tamen aliud est errare 25 Caesarem nol-
le, aliud nolle misereri. Turn diceres r 26 " Cave, Caesar,
credas : fuit in Africa Ligarius : tulit arma contra te."
Nunc quid dicis ? " Cave ignoscas." Haec nee hominis,
nee ad hominem 27 vox est: qua qui apud te, C. Caesar,
utetur, suam citius abjiciet humanitatem, quam extorquebit
tuam.
VI. Ac primus aditus 1 et postulatio 2 Tuberonis haec, ut
opinor, fuit : velle 3 se de Q. Ligarii scelere dicere. Non
the wretched find in Caesar's clemen- consultum esse.
cy. 25. Errare] Verum ignorare. Fabr.
18. Fortuna] Felicitate, evrvxia ; Tubero might fairly wish to obviate this
and ' lenitas,' clemency. Fabr. ignorance by discovering ' the lie.'
19. Per te obtines] Possess natu- But that is quite different from 'nolle
rally. misereri.'
20. Intelligo quid loquar] Quint. 26. Diceres] i. e. You, Tubero, or
viii. 6. reckons this as a species of any friend of Caesar, might fairly say,
aposiopesis. " Tacuit enim illud quod &c.
nihilominus accipimus, * non deesse 27. Nee ad hominem] But to some
homines, qui ad crudelitatem eum monster.
impellerent.' " Sect. VI. 1 . Primus aditus] Sup-
21. Luctu] Metaph. for ' cruore j' posed to be taken from the speech of
hence ' redundaret.' Tubero ; the terms of which he pro-
22. De victis] Among whom were ceeds to censure.
the Tuberos. Supply after victis, 2. Postulatio] Synonym, with ' adi-
4 to wish it.' tus.' Vid. c. 4. n. 22. Fam. viii. 6.
23. Nemini ignosci] * Ignosci' used (Caelius adCic.) ' Illud mihioccurrit
impers., as actively it governs the da- quod inter postulationem et nominis
tive- Mil. 24. n. 21. delationem, uxor aDolabelladiscessit.
24. Honesto mendacio] Splendide Fabr.
mendax.'Hor. Gloriose mentiri. Mil. 3. Velle se] The usual form of the
27. n. 5. and saluti esse' servare. Al. ' postulatio.'
PRO Q. LIGARIO, Cap. 6.
175
dubito, quin admiratus sis, 4 vel quod de nullo alio quisquam,
vel quod is," qui in eadem causa fuisset, vel quidnam novi
[facinoris] aflferret. Scelus tu illud vocas, Tubero ? cur ?
isto enim nomine ilia adhuc causa caruit. Alii errorem 5
appellant ; alii timorem ; qui durius, spem, cupiditatem,
odium, pertinaciam ; qui gravissime, temeritatem : scelus,
praeter te, adhuc nemo. Ac mihi quidem, 6 si proprium et