held the command sevrn years. The
practice of the Romans, heretofore,
was not uniform in this respect. 1 hus
Pompey was allowed, by the Ga-
binian law, three years to subdue the
pirates ; Verres had Sicily three
years ; Caesar, Gaul ten years ; yet
he afterwards limited the praetorian
provinces to one, and the consular to
two years. Phil. i. 8.
22. Vetere eiemplo'] Sc. from the
expulsion of the kings. Liv. iv.
24. Maximam ejus (hbertatis Rom.)
custodiam esse, si magna imperia
diuturna non essent ; et temporis
modus imponeretur, quibus juris im-
poni non posset.
PRO LEGE MAN1LIA, Cap. 10.
19
fectis 23 erant, dimisit, partem Glabrioni 24 traclidii.
Multa prsetereo 25 consulto : sed ea vos conjectura perspi-
citis,- 6 quantum illud bellum factum' 27 putetis, quod con-
jungant reges potentissimi, renovent agitatae nationes, sus-
cipiant integral gentes, novus imperator 28 vester accipiat,
vetere pulso exercitu.
X. Satis mihi multa verba fecisse videor, quare hoc
bellum esset genere ipso necessarium, magnitudine periculo-
sum : restat, 1 ut de imperatore ad id bellum deligendo ac
tantis rebus praeficiendo, dicendum esse videatur. 2
Utinam, Quirites, virorum fortium atque innocentium
copiam tantam haberetis, ut haec vobis deliberatio diffici-
lis esset quemnam potissimum tantis rebus ac tanto bello
praeficiendum putaretis! Nunc vero quum situnus Cn. Pom-
peius, qui non modo eorum hominum, qui nunc sunt, gloriam,
sed etiam antiquitatis memoriam virtute superarit: quae res
est quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium f'acere pos-
sit ? E<ro enim sic existimo, in summo imperatore quatuor
has res inesse oportere, scientiam rei militaris, virtutem, auc-
toritatem, felicitatem. Quis igitur hoc homine scientior un-
23. Stipendiis confectis] Every
Roman citizen was obliged, between
the age of seventeen and forty-five, to
make nine campaigns. The Fim-
brian legions are here intended.
24. (Jluhrioni] Pro-consul of Bi-
thynia. Introd. 9.
25. Malta pratereo] To spare the
character of Lucullus.
26. Sed ea vos perspicitis~\ Al.
perspicite. * Ea' refers generally to
the preceding statement, and com-
prizes ' quae diligentissime provi-
denda sunt,' (c. 8.) ; which he sums
up in 'quantum, &c.' as if he had
said : ' 1 have intentionally avoided
entering fully into the subject; but,
by putting together what has been
said, (conjectura), you all see clearly
these points ; sc. how great a war
must have resulted from the junction
of powerful kings from the renewal
of it by excited hordes the under-
taking of it by fresh tribes -from its
command being assumed by a general
new to it at the critical time when
your old army had sustained a de-
feat. All this, to be sure, is but
one point, but being so extensive it
may well be called ea.
27. Factum'] Al. futurum.
28. Novus imperator] Glabrio,
and not 'qui ad hoc bellum mitten -
dus est,' as the Eelph. For this
might be Pompey, who surely would
not contribute to make the war dan-
gerous. Neither is pulso' ' dimis-
so' as the Delph. explains it, the de-
feat of Triarius being obviously al-
luded to.
Sect. X. 1. Restat] Used for tran-
sition to the second part of the ora-
tion.
2. Esse videatur] Quint, x. 2.
says, " Noveram quosdam qui se pul-
chre expressisse genus illud ccelestis
hujus in dicendo viri viderentur, si in
clausula possuissent * esse videatur.' "
Vid.also ix. 4. Forcel. confesses that
' videatur' is here pleonastic, yet
non sine vi et elegantia.' This force
and elegance he has not thought pro-
I
20
M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
quam aut fuit, aut esse debuit ? qui e ludo 3 atque pueritiae
disciplina, bello 4 maximo atque acerrimis hostibus, 5 ad pa-
tris exercitum, atque in militiae disciplinam profectus est :
qui extrema pueritia 5 miles fuit summi imperatoris, 6 ine-
unte adolescentia maximi ipse exercitus imperator ; 7 qui
saepius cum hoste conflixit, quam quisquam cum inimico
concertavit ; plura bella gessit, quam ceteri legerunt, plures
provincias confecit, 8 quam alii concupiverunt ; cujus adole-
scentia ad scientiam rei militaris non alienis praeceptis, sed
suis imperiis; non offensionibus belli, sed victoriis ; non sti-
pendiis, sed triumphis est erudita. Quod denique genus
belli esse potest, in quo ilium non exercuerit fortuna reipub-
licae ? Civile, 9 Africanum, Transalpinum, 10 Hispaniense,
mixtum ex civitatibus 11 atque ex bellicosissimis nationibus,
per to explain. Perhaps the term ex-
presses a doubt as to his own ability
to do justice to the subject, or a
modest deference to the people.
3. E ludo] Cic. omits here that
Pompey pleaded causes for some time
in the forum ; but in Brut. 68. he
notices his eloquence.
4. Bella] The Social. Introd. 10.
5. Acerr. hostibus'] The Samnites,
&c.
5. Extrema pueritia] Various di-
visions of the age of man prevailed at
Rome. A. Gell. x. 28. notices that
of Ser. Tullius, viz. ' pueritia,' up to
seventeen ; youth to forty-six ; and
then old age. Varro allows fifteen years
for each step : pueritia,' up to fif-
teen ; ' adolescentia,' to thirty ; ' ju-
ventus,' to forty-five ; * seniores,' to
sixty ; and ' then senectus ;' and this is
followed by Latin writers in general.
6. Summi imperatoris] Pompeius
Strabo. The Delph. erroneously ;
Sylla. Introd. 11.
7. Maximi ipse exercitus] Three
legions. Dio, in the speech on the
passing of the Gabinian law, which
he attributes to Pompey, enumerates
his early achievements ; to which may
be added a passage in the Afric. war of
Hirt. where Cato reproaches the
younger Pompey with his father's
early glories.
8. Confecit] 'Administravit' quan-
quam plus quiddam est ; nam exitum
rei significat, Manut. And so Forcel.
' governed more provinces.' But it
does not appear that Pompey was re-
markable for the number of provinces
which he had governed. Before his
first consulship, a. v. 683, he was
pro-praetor of Cis. Gaul ; afterwards
pro-consul of Spain ; then city prae-
tor (not a province) the year preced-
ing his consulship, after which we
find no pro-consular office up to the
present time. Neither can it mean
subjugavit plures nationes,' as the
Delph.. if new conquests be intended,
for he had made none. Perhaps the
explanation may be had , inf. 1 1 , where
he asks ' Quam provinciam tenuistis
a praedonibus liberam V All the coun-
tries lying on the Mediterranean, com-
prising numerous provinces, were in
the hands of the pirates ; by the con-
quest of whom these provinces were
recovered, and, as it were, received
their completion from Pompey.
9. Civile, %c] Introd. 12. 15.
10. Transalpinum] vid. inf. 1 1 . n.
4.
11. Mixtum ex civitatibtis] i. e.
states in Spain which had Roman in-
PRO LEGE MANILIA, Cap. II. 21
servile, navale bellum, varia et diversa genera, et bellorum
et hostium, non solum gesta ab hoc uno, sed etiam confecta,
imllam rem esse declarant in usu militari positam, quae hujus
viri scientiam fugere possit.
XI. Jam vero virtuti 1 Cn. Pompeii qua? potest par oratio
inveniri ? quid est, quod quisquam ant dignum illo, aut vo-
bis novum, aut cuiquam inauditum possit afferre ? Neque enim
illoe sunt s:Ase 2 virtutes imperatoria?, qua? vulgo existiman-
tur, labor in negotiis, fortitudo in periculis, industria in agen-
do, celeritas in conficiendo, consilium in providendo : qua?
tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperato-
ribus, quos aut vidimus, aut audivimus, non i'uerunt. Tes-
tis est 3 Italia, quam ille ipse victor, L. Sulla; hujus virtute
et subsidio confessus est liberatam. Testis est Sicilia, quam
multis undique cinctam periculis, non terrore belli, sed cele-
ritate consilii, explicavit. Testis est Africa, qua? magnis op-
pressa hostium copiis, eorum ipsorum sanguine redundavit.
Testis est Gallia, 4 per quam legionibus nostris in Hispani-
am iter, 5 Gallorum internecione patefactum est. Testis est
Hispania, qua? sa?pissime plurimos hostes ab hoc superatos
prostratosque conspexit. Testis est iterum 6 et sa?pius Italia,
quae, quum servili bello tetro periculosoque premeretur, ab
stitutions ; opposed to ' nationibus ;' 4. Testis est Gallia'] Introd. 13.
warlike tribes. Sylv., followed by Cic. evidently does not mean Cisal.
the Delph., considers the words 'mix- Gaul, where Pompey defeated Lepi-
tum, &c.' as referred to ' servile.' ' Ci- dus ; and the historians supply us
vitates,' are then, the Roman cities ; with no information about the ex-
and ' nationes,' the Gauls and Ger- ploits of Pompey in Transalp. Gaul,
mans. The accounts, however, which During the war of Sertorius he was
we have of that war render this ex- obliged to retire from Spain into Gaul ;
planation very improbable. on which occasion Ilottom. thinks that
Sect. XI. 1. Jam vero virtuti] this slaughter of the Gauls took place.
Having proved, c. 10., the military But it appears, from a letter of Pom-
skill of Pompey, Cic. now proceeds pey to the senate (Sail. Hist, iii.) that
to notice his ' virtue.' This admitted it occurred on his way to Spain.
of a two-fold arrangement, 1. mili- 'Hostes in cervicibus 1 talis; agentes ab
tary in the proper sense, comprising Alpibus in Hispaniam submovi ; per
labor in negotiis, fortitudo in pericu- eas iter aliud atque Hanuibal nobis
lis, &c.'; 2. moral, namely, * innocen- opportunius patefeci ; recepi Galliam,
tia, temperantia, fides.' Inf. c. 13. Pyrenaeum, &c.'
2. Neque enim ilia: sunt solw] This 5. Iter] Appian says, that it lay
exception is explained, inf. c. 13. between the sources of the Po and
'sed multae sunt artes eximiae, &c.' Rhone.
3. Testis est] Sc. that in impera- 6. Iterum] i. e. in the civil, and
torial virtues he has no superior. then the servile war.
22 M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
hoc auxilium absente expetivit : quod bellum exspectatione
Pompeii attenuatum atque imminutum est, adventu sublatum
ac sepultum. Testes vero jam omnes orae, atque omnes ex-
terae Rentes ac nationes, denique maria 7 omnia, turn universa,
turn in singulis omnes sinus atque portus. Quis enim toto
mari locus per hos annos aut tarn firmum habuit presidium,
ut tutus esset, aut tarn fuit abditus ut lateret ? Quis navi-
gavit, qui non se aut mortis aut servitutis periculo commit-
teret, quum aut hieme, aut referto 8 praedonum mari naviga-
retur ? Hoc tantum bellum, 9 tarn turpe, tarn vetus, 10 tarn
late dispersum, quis unquam arbitraretur aut ab omnibus im-
peratoribus uno anno, aut omnibus annis 11 ab uno impera-
tore confici posse ? Quam provinciam tenuistis 12 a praedo-
nibus liberam per hosce annos ? quod vectigal vobis tutum
fuit? quern socium defendistis? cui praesidio classibus ves-
tris fuistis ? quam multas existimatis insulas esse desertas ?
quam multas aut metu relictas, aut a praedonibus captas ur-
bes 13 esse sociorum?
XII. Sed quid ego longinqua 1 commemoro ? Fuit hoc
quondam, fuit proprium populi Romani longe a domo bel-
lare, et propugnaculis- imperii sociorum fortunas, non sua
tecta defendere. Sociis vestris ego mare clausum per hosce
annos dicam fuisse, quum exercitus nostri a Brundisio 3 nun-
quam, nisi summa hieme, 4 transmiserint ? 5 Qui ad vos
7. Maria] The Mediter. Sea was acts of the pirates in distant regions,
variously named, according to the ad- 2. Propugnaculis] Colonies planted
joining coast, Tuscan, Sicilian, Ly- in conquered countries to maintain the
bian, &c.,&c, in all which the pirates Roman authority and repress the
were defeated. incursions of the barbarians. Em.
8. Rejerto] Re and farcio. Similarly 7rtretx^ftara tt}q x<**pac.
9. Hoc tantum bellum'] Introd.15. Dem. Phil. i. 5. Hor., Epod. 1., ap-
10. Vetus.] It was of upwards of plies it to ships. Ibis Liburnis inter
twenty years standing, from a. u. 666 alta navium, Amice, propugnacula.
to 687. Hence Guthrie's transl. ' floating
11. Omnibus annis] Through a bulwarks.' But it may be referred
whole life ; yet Pompey despatched it generally to all the means of defence
in forty days. which the empire could command.
12. Quam provinciam tenuistis.] 3. A Brundisio.] This city lay in
Hence ' plures provincias confecit,' the usual route to Greece ; and armies
supra, c. 10. n. 8 ; where, perhaps, were now marching to Asia, against
these provinces are more particularly Mithridates.
alluded to. 4. Summa hieme] Elegantly for
13. Captas urbes] According to ' bruma.'
Plut., forty. 5. Transmiserint] i. e. ' miserint
Sect. XII. 1. Longinqua] The se trans maria.' Nat. Deor. ii. 49.
PRO LEGE MANILIA, Cap. 12.
23
ab exteris nationibus venirent, captos querar, quum legati
populi Romani redempti 6 sint ? mercatoribus tutum mare
non fuisse dicam, quum duodecim secures 7 in prsedonum
potestatem pervenerint ? Cnidum 8 aut Colophonem, aut
Samum, nobilissimas urbes, innumerabilesque alias, captas
esse commemorem, quum vestros portus, atque eos por-
tus, 9 quibus vitam 10 et spiritum ducitis, in praedonum fuisse
potestate sciatis ? An vero ignoratis, portum Caietae cele-
berrimum 11 atque plenissimum navium, inspectante prae-
tore, 12 a praedonibus esse direptum ? Ex Miseno autem,
ejus ipsius liberos, 13 qui cum praedonibus antea ibi bellum
gesserat, a praedonibus esse sublatos ? Nam quid ego Os-
tiense incommodum, 14 atque illam labem atque ignomini-
am reipublicae querar, quum, prope inspectantibus vobis,
classis ea, cui consul populi 14 Romani praepositus esset, a
praedonibus capta atque oppressa est ? Pro dii immortales !
Grues quum loca calidiora petentes
maria transmittant, triangulum fa-
ciunt.
6. Redempti sint] It is not known
to whom Cic. here alludes.
7. Duodecim secures] i. e. two prae-
tors, sc. Sextilius and Bellinus, who
proceeding to their provinces, were,
with their lictors, seized hy the pirates.
Plut. Pomp. 24. The praetor was at-
tended by two lictors in the city j
without the city, by six.
8. Cnidum] a city of Caria ; ' Co-
lophon' of Ionia. * Samus,' the ca-
pital of an island of the same name,
which lies off the southern extremity
of Ionia. JEn. i. 15. It was usual
for the city and island to have the
same appellation. So Corn. Nepos, in
Milt. c. 7, speaks of the island and
town of Parus.
9. Eos portus] Sc. (inf.) Caieta,
Misenum, Ostia. It was in them that
provision ships from Africa, Sicily,
Sardinia, &c. collected. The first
derives its name from the nurse of
/Eneas: ' Tu quoque littoribus nostris,
JEneVa, nutrix, /Eternam moriens fa-
mam, Cajeta, dedisti.' The second,
from his trumpeter, YEn. vi. 162. It
was the station of the Roman fleet in
per
the Lower Sea ; the third was built by
Ancus Martius, at the ostium Tiberis,
about twenty miles from Rome.
10. Quibus vitam, fyc] These
words, taken out of the figure, import
1 supplies of corn, &c.'
11. Celeberr im um ] thronged, po-
pulous. Arch. 3. ' urbs Celebris ;'
Mil. 24. ' in loco celebri.' Hor.
Serm. i. 17, 28. ' Celeberrima
loca vadet.'
12. Inspectante preetore.] Per-
haps Antonius Creticus, the father of
the triumvir, who had, before this,
been unsuccessful in waging the pi-
ratic war, and whose daughter was
taken by the pirates. Plut. in Pomp.
24. And this agrees with the follow-
ing, ' ejus liboros qui, Btc, 1
13. Ejus ij> ins liberos qui, &c] i. e.
filiam ; so Phil. i. 1, 'liberos' for
the son of M. Antony ; and Prov.
Cons. 14, ad jucundissimos liberos,'
i.e. Julia, the daughter of Caesar.
14. Ostiense in commodum.] Dio
xxvi. relates that the pirates not only
took and plundered the harbour, but
made it a sort of depository for their
spoils.
14. Consul populi.] He seems here to
have omitted the names of the praetor
24
M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
tantamne unius hominis incredibilis ac divina virtus tam brevi
tempore lucem afferre 15 reipublicae potuit, ut vos, qui modo
ante ostium Tiberinum classem hostium videbatis, ii nunc
nullam intra Oceani 16 ostium praedonum navem esse audi-
atis? Atque haec, qua celeritate gesta sint, quamquam vide-
tis, tamen a me in dicendo praetereunda non sunt. Quis
enim unquam, aut obeundi negotii, aut consequendi quaes-
tus 17 studio, tam brevi tempore, tot loea adire, tantos cur-
sus ls conficere potuit, quam celeriter, Cn. Pompeio duce,
belli impetus 19 navigavit ? qui nondum tempestivo ad na-
vigandum mari Siciliam adiit, Africam exploravit : inde
Sardiniam cum classe venit, atque haec tria frumentaria'-
subsidia reipublicae firmissimis praesidiis classibusque mu-
nivit. Inde se quum in Italiam recepisset, duabus Hispa-
niis 21 et Gallia Cisalpina 22 praesidiis ac navibus confirmata,
missis item in oram Illyrici maris, 23 et in Achaiam omnemque
and consul as being notorious, or per-
haps through contempt.
15. Lucem afferre] <j>6<itQ 8' ira-
poimv Wi,Ke. 11. vi. 6. Phil. i. 2.
Lux quaedam...oblata.
16. Oceani] The Atlantic ' os-
tium ;' sc. the straits of Gibraltar.
17. Obeundi negotio consequendi
qiurstus.] By the former are meant
' negotiators ;' persons conducting
business for others ; by the latter,
merchants trading on their own ac-
count. Hottom.
18. Cursus] navigationes. ' Quae
proxima littora cursu Contendunt
petere, &c.' Virg.
19. Belli impetus.] Cic, to in-
gratiate himself with Pompey, be-
stowed the utmost pains on this
speech ; so that speaking, in a letter
to Atticus, of Pompey's character, as
herein depicted, he says ' omnibus,
a me pictum et expolitum artis colo-
ribus.' Hence he often rises to ex-
pressions far above the range of mere
oratory, and highly poetic. Such is
' belli impetus navigavit,' where ' belli
impetus' is not, as Hottom. explains it,
' classis Pompeii,' but (like arofia
nToXtfioio in Homer) put simply for
'bellum.' So Lucret. v. 20 1. ...quan-
tum cceli tegit impetus ingens.' Si-
milarly we might say, ' the thunder
of war rolled along.' Gray. ' Sailing
with supreme dominion, Through the
azure depths of air.' Vid. Eng. Trans.
20. Tria frumentaria] i. e. which
supplied ' frumentum ;' qu. 'frugi-
mentum,' a generic word for all kinds
of grain, lor Sardinia, Egypt is
sometimes substituted.
21. Duabus Hispaniis] sc. Citerior
or Tarraconensis ; and Ulterior, or
Baetica and Lusitania ; said, but in-
correctly, to be separated by the Ibe-
rus ; whereas, a line drawn from Car-
thago Nova, on the JMeditcrranean to
the mouth of the Durius on the At-
lantic would be the proper boundary.
22. Gallia Cisalpinu] sometimes
simply called 'Gallia,' (Phil. xii.
4.) ; and by Caesar Citerior,' lay
between the Alps and the Rubicon.
So Lucan, i. 214. :
et Gallica ceitus
Limes ab Ausoniis disterminat arva
colonis.
23. Illyrici maris] a part of the
Adriatic washing the coast of lllvri-
PRO LEGE MANILIA, Cap. 13.
25
Graeciam navibus, Italiae duo maria 24 maximis classibus
iirmissimisque pra?sidiis adornavit : ipse autem, ut a Brun-
disio profectus est, undequinquagesimo die totam ad im-
perium populi Romani Ciliciam adjunxit : omnes, qui ubique
praedones fuerunt, partim capti interfectique sunt, partim
unius hujus imperio ac potestati se dediderunt. Idem Cre-
tensibus, 25 quura ad eum usque in Pampbyliam 26 legatos
deprecatoresque misissent, spem deditionis non ademit, obsi-
desque imperavit. Ita tantum bellum, tarn diuturnum, tarn
longe lateque dispersum, quo bello omnes gentes ac nationes
premebantur, Cn. Pompeius, extrema hieme apparavit, ine-
unte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit.
XIII. Est haec divina atque ineredibilis virtus imperatorls.
Quid i ceterae, quas paullo ante 1 eommemorare coeperam,
quanta; atque quam multae sunt? non enim solum bellandi
virtus in summo atque perfecto imperatore quaerenda est :
sed multae sunt artes eximiae, bujus administrae comitesque
virtutis. Ac primum quanta innocentia 2 debent esse im-
peratoies? quanta deinde omnibus in rebus temperantia?
quanta fide ( quanta facilitate ? 3 quanto ingenio v quanta
humanitate ? Quae breviter, qualia sint in Cn. Pompeio,
consideremus. Summa enim omnia sunt, Quirites : sed ea
nia^is ex aliorum contentione, 5 quam ipsa per sese cognosci
atque intelligi possunt. Quem G enim possumus imperato-
24. Duo maria] The Adriatic and limit of his commission in the pirati-
Tuscan : cal war.
Virg. 'An mare quod supra memorem, Sect. XIII. 1. Cetera, quas paulo
quodque alluit infra.' ante] sec. 11. The second species,
25. Idem Cretensibus] Introd. 15. or moral qualities.
As Pompey's commission extended to 2. Innocentia] rapacitati atque
all the maritime provinces, he thought avaritiae opponitur. ForceL; ' disin-
proper to receive certain ambassadors terestedness.'
sent by the Cretans, then on the eve 3. Facilitate] Of what affability,
of surrendering to Q. Metellus, and 4. Ingenio] This is explained in-
by commanding him to raise the siege, fra, c. 34, by ' consilio...et dicendi
appeared disposed to snatch the lau- gravitate et copia.'
rels from his brow. Metellus, how- 5. Aliorum contentione] by corn-
ever, despising his orders, took their parison with others. Si contentio
city and punished the citizens, al- quaedam et comparatio fiat.' Off. i.
though Octavius, Pompey's lieute- 17. V. E.
nant, lent them assistance. Flor. 6. Quern imperatorem] Perhaps
lii. 7. Lucullus, whom Gabinius and others
26. Usque in Famphyliam] the represented as avaricious : perhaps
VOL. I. D
26
M. T. CICERONIS ORATIO
rem aliquo in numero 7 putare, cujus in exercitu veneant
centuriatus 8 atque venierint? 9 quid hunc hominem magnum
aut amplum de republica cogitare, qui pecuniam, 10 ex
aerario depromptam ad bellum administrandum, aut prop-
ter cupiditatem provincial magistratibus 11 diviserit, aut
propter avaritiam Romae in quaestu 12 reliquerit? Vestra
admurmuratio 13 facit, Quirites, ut agnoscere videamini, qui
haec fecerint : ego autem neminem nomino ; quare irasci
mihi 14 nemo poterit, nisi qui ante de se voluerit confiteri.
Itaque, propter hanc avaritiam imperatorum, quantas cala-
mitates, quocunque ventum sit, nostri exercitus ferant, quis
ignorat ? Itinera, 15 quae per hosce annos in Italia per agros
atque oppida civium Romanorum nostri imperatores feeerunt,
recordamini : turn facilius statuetis, quid apud exteras nati-
ones fieri existimetis. Utrum plures arbitramini per hosce
annos militum vestrorum armis hostium urbes, an hibeniis,
sociorum civitates esse deletas ? Neque enim 16 potest ex-
ercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipsum non continet :
Glabrio, to whose conduct ' veneant'
are on sale,' seems better to ap-
ply.
7. Aliquo in numero"] * Rank, esti-
mation.' Phil. ii. '29. Post (Caesa-
ris) ex Africa reditum, quo numero
fuisti 1
8. Centuriatus.'] And yet the re-
gular pay of a centurion, equal in
rank to our captain, was but double
in amount to that of a private. V. E.
9. Veneant venierint.] The Greek
praeter- perfect, expressing a i ast con-
tinued to the present, would super-
sede the necessity of two verbs, as
here.
10. Pecuniam] Money voted to the
governor of a province, on his ap-
pointment, and called ' attributa.'
Vid. next note.
1 1 . Magistratibus.] These were, most
probably, the tribunes of the people.
That ' cupiditatem provincial alludes
to the prorogation of a provincial com-
mand, and not the first appointment,
as the Delph. explains it, is obvious
from the grant of the money being
* ad bellum administrandum ;' which
implies that the province was already
granted ; unless, which seldom oc-
curred, we suppose the war to be in-
dependent of the command of a pro-
vince ; in which case the military
supplies might be disposed of as stated
in the text.
12. In quastu] at interest ; apud
argentarios. Hot torn. So Pis. 33.
' Xonne sestertium centies et octo-
gies....ex aerario tibi attributura, Ro-
mae in quaestu reliquisti.'
13. Admurmuratio] These ' whis-
pers' are noticed by Cic. as a justifi-
cation of his animadversions. The
people acknowledged their truth, and
made the proper application.
14. Quare irasci mihi] The Car-
dinal Maury supposes that Cic. had
met with some interruption from the
adherents of Glabrio, or Lucullus ;
that he waited till silence was restor-
ed, and then availed himself of th
interruption to hint, that ' the cap
fitted.' V. E.
15. Itinera, fyc] Whether of armies
proceeding to the provinces, or against
Spartacus.
16. Neque enim, tyc] If these are
not what rhetoricians call ' common
PRO LEGE MANILIA, Cap. 14.
27
neque severus esse in judicando, 17 qui alios in se severos esse
judices nonvult. Hie miramur, lmnc hominem tantum ex-
cellere ceteris, cujus legiones sic in Asiam 18 pervenerunt, ut
non modo manus tanti exercitus, sed ne vestigium quideni
ouiquam pacato nocuisse dicatur? Jam vero, quemadmo-