are probably Lydia, Assyria, and Babylonia, which were sue
ce=^ively absorbed by Cyrus. He was victorious in every di-
rection except eastward. The king-? following him were
Cambyse:^; '1. Smerdis; 3. Darius liystaspis; 4 Xerses, who
first exerted all his resources against Greece.
III. Mac^doniiin Empire.

Copper denotes the mercenary Greeks. The leopard repre-
sents their slyness and pertinacity. The four wings are indie
ative of doubly velocity. Alexander marched with unexam-
pled rapidity. He was the sole ruler of his dynasty. His do-



ClIAP. II. 1

37 Thou,Okmp,«rtakiDK'
of k'Migs : for the Uod of
heaven hath loven thee a
klnph'in , power, tuid
strent;lh,Hnd jjlorj.

3.> And whereS'iL'ver the
childreu of men dwell, the
beasts of the tield and the
fowls of the hesTcn hiith he
II into thine hand, and
huth made ihee ruler over
them all. Thou art tliis
head of gold.



his breast and bis
arms of silver.



his belly and his
lliigba of brass,



minions were diWded, shortly aiter his premature death, be-
tween, 1. Ptolemy, in Kgypt and the Mediterranean coast ; 2,
St'leucuj, in Asia ; 3. Lysimachus,in Thrace ; 4. Cassauder, in
Greece.

IV. Sfjrian Monarchy.
This was of a mongrel character, the"^ native Oriental ele- 33 Hislepofiron,
ment corresponding to the clav, and the foreign Greek to the *i'^ feet part of iroc
iron These were combined iii all sorts of affinities. The ten andp"tcf i^ay-
toes m:iy symbolize the numerous satrapies which fell to the
ehare of Seieuciis. This dynasty is depicted as fierce, from
contrast with the lenient governments pieceding, and especial-
ly from its iotolerauce towards the Jewish religion.



\.' Sdencxts Nicator was orig^inally Ptolemy's general at
Eabvlon, but soon managed to secure not only the entire Kast,
but also the province of >yria [including Palestine). 2. Anii-
orhirs Sii'rr was engrossed with subduing the Gauls. 3. .471-
lin-hvR '/Vnvj.s madt- pence with Ptolemy Philadelphus by mar-
rvin_' Bfrr.nice.hig daughter; but soon repudiated her in favor
of Lat'xlic-^. liis former wife, who revenged herself by poisoning
him and killing her rival with her infant.



Berenice's brother,
Ptolemy Euergetes. avenged her death by invading Syria, car-
rying away immenae spoiL



4. SrleticitR Callinirns attempted
to retaliate by attacking the Eg\-ptlan provinces [translate, ver.
'.t. "And he (the king of the north) shall come into the king-
dom of the king of the south"], but was forced to retire with
defeat, ft. SeU-iiciix Cfrfiunuf^ his son, renewed the attempt,
hut W.1S -"lain ; and hin brother, 6. Antiochm the G'rcaf^ push
e.l the campaign to the border of ICgj'pt.

This roused Ptolemy
Philopntor, who aspembled an aimy, with which he totally rout-
ed Antiochus at Gaza; but he then concluded a truce with
him



Bpoil:



Fourteen years afterwards, AntiochuH returned with the
of Uh liuateru campaigns to renew hid deeigns against



39 And after thee Efaall
rise another klDgdom io
t'ehor to thee,



cuAP. vn.

2 Daniel sfoke and said, I
saw in uiy vibioo by niclit,
and, behuld, the four winds
of the heaTcD strove upiju thd
trreal &ea.

d And fonr great beasU
came up from the&ea,diveise
one from another.

i 4 The first was like s Hon,
.and had eagle's wings :

I beheld till the wings there-
of were plucked, and it waa
lilted up from the earth, and
made stand upon the feet aa
a man, and a man's heart
was given to it.

S And behold another beast,
a second, like to a bear, and
it raised up itself on one aide,
and it had three ribs in the
mouth of it between the teeth
of it: and they said thus unto
it, Atiae, devour much fleab.



and another third l:incdom
of brass, which shall bear
rule over all the earth.



6 Afler this I beheld, and lo
another, like a lenpard, which
had upon the back of it four
wings of a fowl ; the beast
had also four heads ; and do*
minion was given to it.



40 And the fonrtb kingdom
ihall t>e strong as iron ; for-
ismuch as iron brenketb in
pieces and subdueth all
ffiinQs: and as inm that
breaketh all these, shall it
break in pieces and bruise.

41 And whereas thou saw-
est the feet and toes, part of
potters' clay, and part of
iron, the kingdom shall be
divided ; but there shall be

it of the strength of the
iron, forasmuch as thou saw-
est the iron mixed with miry
clay.

And as the toes of the
feet tf«i-f part of iron and
part of clay, so the kingdom
shall be partly strong and
partly broken.
^i And whereas thou saw-
est iron mixed with miry
clay, they shall mingle
themselves with the seed
of men : bnt they shall not
cleave one to another, even
03 iron is not mixed with
clay.



^ After this I saw in th9
night visions, and behold a
fourth beast, dreadful and
terrible, and strong exceed-
ingly ; and it had great iron
teeth : it devoured and brake
in pieces, and stamped the
residue with the feet of it :
and it was diverse from all
the beasts that were before
it;



and it had tea huiatt



FOUR GREAT ORIENTAL KINGDOMS.



45



Chap. ^^I. Cuap. VIL



17 Thest great
betists. wnich
four, art four kintrs,
whiei shall arise
out of the earth



19 Then I wonM
know- the truth of
the fourth hi-ast,
which was diversi.'
from all the others,
exceedinirttreailful,
whi^setteth irerff
iron, nnO hirt nnils
(â– /â– brass; wAiVA (l^^-
voured, (jrak« in
pieces, and Blnmiied
the res:dat: with ois
feet.



23 Thns he said,
The fourth beast
sbal) be the fourth
kingdom ui>on

eirth. which shall
bf diverse from all
kin^dotnB,aud§hall
devour the w
earth, and shall
trend it down, and
break it is pieces.



Cbap. \TIL



Chap. Vm.



3 Then I lifted op mine eyes, and mw, an3, 30 The ntm which
behold, there stood before' the ri\'er a ram thou sawest having
which had fin? horns : and the firo horns irtre (i«> horns are the
hich ; but one va* higher than the other, kings of Media and



and the higher came up last.

4 I saw the mm pushing westward, and
northward, and southward : so that no bea&te
might stand before hini,neithertma<Afr« an^
that could deliver out of his hand ; but he did
according to his will, and became great.

5 And aa I was oonsidering, behold, a he-
goat came from the west on the face of the
wholee&rth.nntl touched not the ground : and
the gnat idcf a notable horn between his eyes.

6 And he came to the ram that had fm>
horns, which I had &een standing before the
river, and ran unto him in the fnr^' of his
power,

7 And I saw him come close unto the ram,
and he was moved with choler against him,
and smote the ram, and brake his two boms :
and there was no power in the ram lo etand
before him, but be cast him down to the
ground, and stamped upon him: and. there
was none that could deliver tb« ram out of
hia hand.

8 Therefore the he-^at waxed very great :
and when he was strong, the great horn was

ikcii ; and for it there came op four nota-
ble o&ca toward the four winda of heaven.



Persia.



1 And the rnogh
goat it the king of
Grecia ; and the
Igreat horn that
between his eyes ia
the first king.



?2 Now that be.
ing brok«n, where-
as four stood ut) for
it, four kiiiguoi
shall eland up o
of the nation, b
not in his power.



Chap. XL



2 And now wiU I shew thee the tmth. Beheld,
there shall stand ud yet three kitijrs in Prrtia;
and the fourth ahalj be iiar richer than tkey all :



and by his strength through bis riches he shall
stir op all against the realm of Grecia,
3 And a mighty king shall stand up. thot shall
rule with gr«at dominion, and do according to bjfl
wUL



20 And of tho ten
boms that ictrt in
bis head,



?4 And the ten
homs out of this
kingdom art

:s that shall
arise:



4 And when be ehall stand up, hie kingdom,
shall be br^'ken.and shell be di\nded tcwura the
four winds of heaven : and not to his posterily,
nor according to his dominion which he rulea;
for his kingdom shall be plucked op, even for oth-
eia beeides thofie.



5 And the king of Qie south shall be Ertrong, ant
ime of his princes ; and he shall be strong above
bim, and have dominion ; his dominion aall it a
great dominion.

6 And in the eod of years they shall join tliem-
eelves Logeiher ; for the king's daughter of the
sonlh shall rouie t"the king of the north to mnke
an agreeuient : bat she shall not retain th« power
of the arm ; neither shall he stand, nor his nrin :
but she shall be given up, and they that hrouglix
her, and bethnt begat her, and helJiat strenglb-
ened her in Oitaf times.

7 But out of a branch ofher roots shall oiM stand
up in his estat«i, which ehall <-onie with tin «rn;v,
and shall enter int«i the fortress of the king i l tf.e
north, and &baU d^al against them, and shall pre-
vail.

S And shall also rarry captiyes into Eg^â– pt their
gods, with thoir primes, and with their precioua
ressels of silver and of gold ; and he shall (on-
limie irtortf years than the king of the north.

9 So the king of (he south shall come into hii
kingdom, and shall return into his uivn land,

10 Bat his sons shall be stirred up, and shall as-
semble a multitude of great forces : ami â– mr i^liiill
certainly come, find overflow, ami pajs ll, rough
then shall he ret^im, and be stirriAi up. ttru lo
bis fertress.

11 And the king of the :so(ith ehall be moved
ijth choler, and shaJl come forth and fight with

him. *i-tn with the king of the north: nnd he
shall Set ft'rth a great multitude ; but the multi-
tude shall ho given into liis hand.

12 Ami when he hath tiiheu uway the multi-
tude, his heart shtill be lilted up; and he shall
cast down many u-n thousands : but be shall not
be strengthened by it.

13 For the king of the north shall return, and
shall set forth a multitude greater than the for-
mer, and shall certainly come after certain yeara
with a great aruiy ai.d with much richee.



46



HARMONY OF DANIEL'S PROPHECIES OF THE



the Egyptian provinces, and, witti the assistunce of a party of
the Jews, lie defeated the I'gypti.in general at the ^.mrces of
the J'>nlan, be-ieged and capiured the reuminder of the Egyp-
tian force in Zid-.n, and t:ot full jHise^^.-^ion of Palestine He
now roncludo<i a holl-.w alliance with Pt..leiiiy Kpiphane?, giv-
inghim his dauu'hter(Jleopatra,withtlie Palestinian provinces
as a d"wiy, h«iping Hi'it ■'''"' would fav..r his ptirpL).-es, an ex-
pectation in which he wag ultimately di^-appointed. lie then



turned his amis against the Greek colonies of Asia Minor and
the .I'.gBean till checked by the Romans under ^cipio, who com-
pelled him to sue for peace on the iwist humiliating tenui'. He
wa^ killed while attempting to plunder a temple in his own
dominions. 7. Selrttcti-s l'hUopa>or was engrossed with efforts
to raise the enormoii.s tine imposed by tlie Romans upon his
father as the nrice of peace, and was at length assassinated by
his minister, S. IJclmdortis^vrho held the throne a short time,
although. 9. Dmin-trius Soler, son of the last king, was right-
fully heir, and, 10. Piolerny PhiUniu-tnr was entitled to the
Palestinian provinces by virtue of his mother's dower right.

11. Antiochus KpiruANF8,biotherofSeleucus, artfully and
quietly secured ihy succession, expelling Heliodorus, and ig-
noring the claims of his nep*iews Demetrius and Ptolemy.
(Daniel styles him ^' vile," in contrast witli his surname 'â– *'il-
lu^irious," and notes the Helleniziug cormptions of his reign
in Judaea, as detailed below.) The guardians of the latter



prince resenting tIiL=. a struggle ensned, in wtiich Antiochus
twic â–  defeated the Kgyptians in a pitclied battle on their own
borders. He then pretended to make a trnce with them, but
only used it as a cover for entering Egypt with a small force,
and seizing quietly upon the capital and other points. On his



return from his second campaign into Egypt, he endeavored to
carry out the schem.- of introducing Greek customs among the
Jews, In a third campaign he continued his successes, and in
a fourtli he was likely to capture Alexandria and reduce the
wliole Egyptian power, wlien he was peremptorily ordered to
de^i?t by the Romans. On is way Ivome he vented his cha-



grin af tin's fnterference upon the unhappy Jews, in whose
quarrels lie meddled, deposing the hij,'h-priest, aboli-hing th
wacriticiai offering-', interdicting the ritual, and bitterly per.^e-
eu ting all whurefus^-d to apostatize to puganism. 'I'lie Temple
remained closed to all but heathen victims for three years and
a lialf (t290^days), and was shortly afterwards lededicated on
Dec. *25, U.C. Iii5(makiiig 1335 days), six and a half years ('2300
days) from the first act of piofanation in the removal of the le-
gitimate pontiff Antiocliurt's disregard for even the native
deitie* is evident from his renewal of bis father's attempt to
plunder the temple of the Syrian Venus. Vet be made the
most violent efforts to introduce the worship of Jupiter Oapi-
toliauB.



CUAP. II.



Cii.vr. II.



cuAp. vn.



8 I considered the
horns, and, bebolil, 'and o/ the otBef
thert came ui:^which came ap, ajid
auioaglheni anoth- before whom three
little horo, W- fell ; even (/ that
fore whom there horn that had tye3,
ere three of theiand a mouth that
fir&t horns plucked spake ven," ^eat
up by the roots : things, whose look
and, tehold, in this troa more stout tliaa
hom leere eyes like his fellows,
the eyes of man,
da mouth speak-
ing Te^t things.



34 Thon sawestj
till that a stone
was cut out with-
oQt hands, which
smote the imacre
upon his feet that
ice of iron and

, , an brake
them to pie ^.

35 Then was the
iron, the rUy. the

■», the silver,
and the gold, bro-
ken to pieces to-
irether. and became
like the chaff of the
summer threshinp-
"oors; and the wind
carried them away
that no place was
found for them



The remainder of his refgn is obscure, mving to the
nearly total los? of the ancient records concerning it. We have
therefore but slight intimations of the final expedition against
Egypt, etc., referred to by Daniel as being so successful. It
Vi ceitain, however, that the last art of his reign was a cam-
paign iu the north-eastern provinces, and tlmt he perished
misi-rnhly (one account says as a raving maniiicl as he was
hastening to the support of his generjiI»*,who had been defeated
by the Jewish patriots and zealot^. The Maccabee-* had raised
ttie sttndard of civil and relipioiis liberty in Jii-'a*!, and, after
a long and severe stm^gle, tlie Jews frcured tlieir independ-
ence. This they lY-tained for a century, n period of <rri-rtt po-
litifil and «pintiial prosj>prity in g-neral, which Daniel and
the other prophet!* sttpak of in such glowing temra n^ being in- s"""'*^ ^^ imnce
tro.luctory to the Messianic times, the Gospel ^'kingdom <rf|['^'""'"^ " J^m
Heaven," never to end. L"the wholl^rth]



nnd the otone thnt



44 And in the
davs of these kinjrs
shall the God of
heaven set up a
kiiig-dom which
shall never be de-
stroyed ; and the
kingdom shall not
be left to other peo-

Ele, but it shall
reak in pieces and
consume all these
kinpdoms, and it
shall stmd firever.
45 Fonisinuch as
thou sawest that
the stone was cut,
outnfthemonntain;
without hands, and'
that it brake ir
pieces the imn, thi
brass, the clay, the'
silver, and the irold.'
the [Treat God hath
made known to iht
kin^ whnt shall
come to pas^ here-
after : and thf
dream is certain,
and the interprets'
tioD (



11 I beheld then,
because ol'the voice
of the preat w.-rda

hich the horo
spake,



9 I beheld till the I beheld even till
throne:^ were ciibt'tbe beast waaslaii),
donii, and the An- luid his body de-
lient of days did stroyed, and civen
sit, whose t'cnaeutito the burning
white as snow, flame.



and the hair of his
head like the pure
wool : his throne
wa» like the fiety
llaine, and h



12 As concerning
the rest of the
beasts, they had
their dominion tak-
away : yet their



vheels aa buminc livtrs were prolone-

fire. ed for s season and

K' A fiery stream

issued aud

forth from before

him : thousand

thousands

tered unto him, and
!ten thousand times

ten thousand stood

before him : the
Ijudinnent was set^

and the hooks were

opened,

13 I saw in the
nicht visions, and.
heho!d,OTif like the
Son of man came
with the clouds of
heaven, and came
to the Ancient of
days, and they
brouirht him near
before him

14 And there was
piven him domin^
ion, and clory, and
a kingdom, tSat all
people, nations, and
lansiiaees should
serve him ; hia do-
minion IS an ever-
lasting



H But the saints
. of thf Moat Hieh

h shall not i)iss ahal' take the kine-

iivav.-n.lhiftkinT-Mom. =nd posses*
)mi' that whic'l|the kinedom forfv
shall not b3 de-'er. even farever
stroyed. |sod e^er.



FOUR GREAT ORIENTAL KINGDOMS.



47



Chap. VII.



Chap. VIII.



and another ihall
riae niter (hem \
and he shtUl W- di-
verse from theiirsl,
and he shail Bubdue
three kin^.



9 An-l out of one
of them came forth
u iitilu horn, whichi
ivc^ed excetdin^r
prcjit. tonnrd tht
south, rjid toward
the cost, and to-j
ward the plea&ant
land.

1 1 And it wn.ted
(Treat, even to
host of heavi
and it csst down
tome of the host and
of the cLirs to the
ground, rr.d stamp-
ed ujion them.



&1 I beheld, and
the &aui« bom
mude war wit)i the
saints, and nrt-vail-
ed n;niinst tlit-oi -,

-.'5 And he shull
•peak tfreul w>>ri!s
aiTtiinst the Mcst
HiL'h, and hIimU
wear out the stiints
of the Moat Hi::h,
and think to (himire
times ""•• ""ws :
and tney snail be
E'lven into blehainl
until a time and
timed and the di-
viding of time, j

22 Until the An-j
cient of days came,
and judf^Dent wju
given to the a;iiiils
of the MoBt Hit-h;
and the time came,
that the saints yos-'
9e»ned thekinudiiiii, '

•2f, But the jii.lir-
nieiit shall sit. :i.id
thev shall t.tke
away his dominion.
to consume -"nd In
destroy- it unto the
«nd.



11 Yea. he mnjnil-
Bed /..';-..#// even to
ttie i>rriiiL. t.f the
,hu£(, and Ijv him
[the daily a<i^ri»f
was taken aw«v.
landthevlsceolhii
â– Btnctuorv was cast
jdown. *

. 12 Ai'il ahost was
ipiven /itm mrainst
the daily tarrijiee
hy reason of trans-
frression. and it cast
down the truth to
the irround ; find it
jiractiseil and [>ro3-
.j.iTeil.

i 13 Then I heard
one saint spenkinr.
and anothT saint
»iid unto that cer-
tnin .viint which I
spake. How long!
sfia/l he the vision'
ronrernivj the dai-
ly wrrrftV*. nnd the
trnnazression of.
HeS'>l,''!ioTi. to cive
ho'h the <>anctuarv
ond the host to he
Iroddpn under foot ?

U And he sHid
t'ntn t



tho.



nUndlhr*



hundred daya; then
shall til" STnrtiinrj'
be cIeao:;ed.



5* And the kini
doni and dominioE
and the preatneaa
of the kingdom un-
der the whole heav-
en, shall he eiven
I" the perrle of i lip
s-'nt* of the MoM
Hlffli, whose kinp-
doii it an everlnj
inc kinertom. and
all dominion" 'hall
aerveandobey hin



CUAP. XI.

14 And in those times there shall many stand ap
against the king of Uie south : also the robbers of thy
uefjple shall exalt themselves to estMblisb the vision*;
bat they shall tail.

15 So the king of the north shall come, and cast up n
mound, and take the most tenced i-itie:s: uud the arms of
the south shall not withstand, neither his chosen peo-
ple, neither shall thert Ik amj strength to wilhstana.

l(i But he that cometh against him shall do according
to his own will, and none shall stand before him ; and
he shall stand in the glorious land, whith by his hand
shall be consumed.

17 He shall also set his face to enter with the strength
of his whole kingdom, and upriirht one^ with h:
thus shall he do: and he shall pre him the dnnghter
of women, corrupting her: but she shall not stand on
hit aide, neither be for him.

18 After this shall he turn his face unto the Isles, and
shall take many : but a prince for his cwn behalf shall
cause the retroach otTered by him to cease : without his
own r^roacli he shall cause it to turn upon him.

ID Then he shall turn his face towaril the fort of hit
own land: but he shall stumble and fall, and not be
found.
3(1 Then shall stand up in his estatp a raiser of taxes
in the glory of the kingdom : but within few days he
shall be destroyed, neither in anger, nor in battle.
33 And in the lat-| â– >! And in his estate ^hall stand up a vile iHiTflon, to
l«r time of their whom thev shall not give the honor of the kingdom :
kingdom, when the bm he shall come in peaceablv, and obwin the kingdom
transgressors are by llatteries.

como to the full, a jjo And with the arms of a flood shall they he over-
king of fierce • oun- flown from before him, and shall be broken ■ y*a, also
ton.ince, and under- the prince of the covenant.

stjinding d:!rk sen- 03 And after the league uiade with him he shall
tcnces, shall stand dereitfullv: for he shall come up, and shall become
up. strong with n small people.

24 He shall enter peaceably even upon the fattest
places of the province ; and Ke shall do that which his
fathers have not done, nor his fathers' fathers ; he shall
scatter among them the prey, and spoil, and riches
yea, and he shall forecast bis devices against the stron;
Dolds, even for a time.

25 .\nd he shall stir up his power and his courage
against the king of the south with a great army ; and
the king of the aoutn shall be stirred up to l>Hltli
a very great and mighty army ; but he shall not
stand ; for they shall forecast devices against h

26 Vea. they that feed of the portion of his meat shall
destroy him, and his army shall overflow : and many
shall fall down slain.

27 And both these kings' hearts slialthe to do mischief,
and they shall speak lies at one table; hut it shall not
prosper : for yet the end shall he at the time appointed.

2^* Then shall he return into his land with great rich-
es : and his heart s/iall be against the holy covenant ;
and he shall do irf-h/it*. and return to his own land.

29 At the time appointed he shall return, and come
toward the south ; hut it shall not be as the former, or
as the latter.

30 For the ships of Chittiin shall come against him
therefore he shall he grieved, and return, and have in
dignation agninst the holy covenant : so shall he do;
he shall even return, and have intelligence with them
that forsake the holy covenant,

94 And his power :>,\ And aims shall stand on his part, and thev shaM
shall he m-ghty. pr,||ute the sjincturv of strength, and shall lake awav
but I'Ot by his own the dailv tarriiife, and they shall place the ahominn'-
jww.r andheshall tiun that maketh desolate.

destroy wonderful-] 33 And such as do wickedly asainst the covenant shall
ly. and shall pros- he corrupt hv flatteries : but the people that do know
per. and practise, their God shall be strong, and do exf'/.-itn.
and shall destroy, Xt And thev that understand among the people shall
t'je inightv and tie instruct manv : vel tlipv shall fall bv the sword, and
holy people. iby flame, bv cnptivilv. and hv ppoil, manv dnvs.

25 And throueh| 34 Sov when tbev shall fall, thev shall be holpen
his policy also he with a little help: but manv shall cleave to them with
shall cause craft to flatteries.

prosperinhishaiid:] 35 And'«n»* of them of understanding shall fall, to
and he shall mng-,try them, and lo puree, and to make r/.^m white, even
nify hinistlf in his to the time of the end : because i( in vet for a time ap-
heart.and hy peacelpninted.

shall destroy many , 35 ^nd the king shall do according to his will; and
ho shall also stand |he shall exalt himself, and marnify himself above ev-
■■•• against the ,.r-^- ^.^d^ and shall sjieak marvellous things against the
God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignntion he
accomplished : for that that is determined shall be
done.
37 Neither shall he regard the god of his fathers, nor
the desire of women, nor regard anv god : for he shall
but he shall he bro- niflfriifv himself above all.

ken without hand. ;yi But in his estate shall he honor the God of forces :
26 And the vision and a god whom hrs fathers knew not shall he honor
of the evening and jwiti, poM. nn<l silver, and with precious stones, and
the morning whichlpieaannt thinga.

"'"" *""'' •■ *""■ " W Thus shall he do in the most strong holds with a
sfrwnse god, whom he shall acknowledge and Increase
w th glory ; «nd he shall cause them to rule over many,
and shall divide the land for gain,
4ri And at the time of the eml shall the king of th.-