composition of the fluids contained in ovarian
cysts, s. 583.
hydatids, s. 584.
solid contents of ovarian cysts ; sebaceous and
sudoriparous glands ; fat ; hair ; teeth ; true
bone, s. 584.
origin of the solid contents of cysts, s. 58(1
fcetus contained in the ovary (?) ; the question
of ovarian gestation considered, s. 586.
examples of supposed ovarHtn gestation, s.
587.
origin of ovarian cysts in general, s. 590.
solid enlargements of the ovary, s. 5;)1.
cartilaginous and os.sific formations, s. 591.
cancer, colloid or alveolar, medullary and scirrhous,
s. 591 .
scrofulous tubercles, s. 593.
Ovicapsule. See Graafian follicle.
Oviduct, s. 597. See Fallopian tube.
Oviposition in Arachnidans, i. 211. See ARACHNIDANS ;
OVUM.
Ovls, anatomical characters of, s. 508, et seq.
Ovis Ammon, vocal organs and voice of, iv. 1494.
Ovisac, structure of the, s. 551.
Ovo-viviparous animals, i 146.
generation, ii. 424. 407. 434. See GENERATION ; GE-
NKRATION, ORGANS OF.
Ovology. See OVUM.
Ovulathn, s. 3. See OVUM.
Ovulum, or unimpregnated ovum, ii. 451.
OVUM (in animal anatomy and physiology), s. 1. See also
GENERATION.
definition, s. 1.
review of the topics to be discussed, s. 1.
sexual and non-sexual modes of reproduction,
s. 2.
I. of the ovum in general as related to the sexual pro-
cess of generation, s. 3.
definition, s. 3.
ovulation, s. 3.
the chorion, ii. 453: s. 3.
the spermatic substance or sperm, s. 3.
the embryo-cell, s. 4.
development, or embryo-genesis, s. 4.
structural distinctive characters of an ovum, ii.
434-. 448. 451 ; s. 5.
II. of the non-sexual mode of generation, s. 5.
1. of the process of reproduction in Protozoa, or
animals in which the sexual distinction has
not yet been discovered, s. 6.
Gregarmae, s. 7.
2. of the possibility of primary, direct, or non-pa-
rental production of animals, or of so-
called spontaneous and equivocal genera-
tion, s. 9
Entozoa, s. 11.
3. production of dissimilar individuals among
the sexual animals by a non-sexual pro-
cess : so-called alternate generations, s.
12.
embryological development, s. 12.
metamorphoses, s. 12.
metagenesis, s. 13. 38.
larva, s. 13.
alternate reproduction of
Echinodermata, s. 14.
Polypina, s. 16.
Acaleph.TB, s. 20.
Mollusca, s. 22.
Salpidae, s. 23.
Entozoa, s. 24.
cystic Entozoa, s. 25.
free tapeworms, s. 27.
Trematoda, s. 29.
Annelida, s. 32.
Insecta : Aphides, s. S3.
general remarks on alternate generations, s. 13.
34.
the " nurse " of Steenstrup, s. 37.
parthenogenesis, s. "7.
additional remarks, 4".
GENERAL INDEX.
833
Ovi'M continued.
of the ovum previous to the commencement of total
development, s. 43.
anatomical structure, chemical compoiition, origin,
and formation of the ovum in man and animals,
s. 43.
$ 1. preliminary and general comparison of
the ova of animals, s. 43.
general facts ascertained in regard to the
ova of animals, s. 45.
division of the ova into groups, s. 46.
first group, s. 46.
second group, s. 46.
third group , s. 47-
\ 2. further comparison of the ova of animals
in general, as respects their size, num-
ber, form, and the relation of their
parts, s. 48.
size of ova, s. 48.
number of ova, s. 49.
external form and relation of the parts,
s.50.
in Birds, a. 53.
in oviparous Scaly Reptiles, s.50.
in oviparous Cartilaginous Fishes, s.
50.
in the Frog, s. 51.
in Newts, s. 51 .
$ 3. of the ovary in general as the forma-
tive organ for the ova, s. 52.547.
a. relations of the form of the ovaries to
the discharge of ova, s 54.
4. structure of the ovaries themselves, as
related to the production of the
ovula, s. 56.
\ 4. more detailed description of the ovum
of Birds, as the type of theflrst group,
B 60.
quantity of matter, composition, &c., s.
60.
structure of the external parts of the
egg, s.63.
the chalazae (grandines), 64.
formation of the external or accessory
parts of the bird's egg, s. 65.
ovarian ovum of Birds ; ovuium ; yolk
and its contents, s. 63.
microscopic structure of the ovum, s.
71.
yellow or external yolk substance,
s. 71.
substance of the cavity and canal,
s. 72.
cicatricula, or germinal disc, and
cumulus, s. 73.
vitelline membrane, s. 73. [94].
[96].
early condition and first formation of
the ovarian ovum in birds, s. 74.
morphology of the bird's egg, as
ascertained from its first origin and
development, s. 75.
$ 5. more detailed description of ova be-
longing to the second group, or with
snial! granular yolk and complete seg-
mentation,*. SO.
ovum of Mammalia and of the human species,
s. [81].
uniformity in size, &c., s. [81].
Graafian follicles, s. [81J.
tunica or membrana granulosa, s. [82].
external tunic, or zona pellucida, s. [62].
chorion, ii. 453; s. [84].
contents of the ovum, or parts within the
zona, s. [86].
the yolk-mass, s. [86].
the germinal vesicle, s. [87].
the macula or nucleus, s. [87 ]
e ova of Mam
malia
manner in which th
may be procured, s. [88 J.
origin and formation of the mammiferous
ovum, s. [b9].
formation of the ovules, s. [89].
origin of the Graafian follicles, s. [89].
formation of the cumulus, s. [90].
similarity of the structure of the ovum
throughout the families of the class
Mammalia, s. [K>]-
except in the Monotremata, s. [90].
ova of the Ornithorhyncus, s. [91].
ova of Echidna hystrix, s, [91].
third group of the ova of Vertebrate Animals,
. [ 91].
Amphibia Batrachia, s. [91].
structure of the ripe ovarian ovum in
Amphibia, s. T92]
embryonic development, s, [93].
yolk substance, s. [93].
germinal vesicle, s. [93].
vitelline membrane, s. [ ( J4].
formation of the ovum and changes in
its progress, s. [91]-
OVUM, Vertebrate Animals continued
Osseous Fishes, s. [98].
structure of ovarian ovum, s. [! 8].
yolk-substance, s. [99].
germinal vesicle s. [&y].
membranes, s. [V9].
micropyle, s. [101] [103].
development, s. [I03J, [104].
Invertebrate Animals, s. [104].
large-yoked ova with partial cleavage, 8.
[105].
Cephalopoda, s. [105].
Gasteropoda, s. [lOti]
Acephala, s.[10a].]
Arthropoda, s. [110].
Insecta, a. [110].
Arachnida, s. [114].
Crustacea, s. [115 '.
Annulata, a. [117].
Rotifera, s. [118].
Turbellaria, s. [119].
Entoroa, s. [120.]
Nematoidea, s, [120]
Trematoda, s. C124J. -
Cestoidea, s. [124].
Echinodermata, s. [125].
Polypina, s. [126].
Acalephae, s. [l9j.
Protozoa, s.[12M],
Porifera, s. [129].
Recapitulation and conclusion, s. [130].
1. definition of the ovum, as related to its own
structure, and its history in connexion with
the reproduction of the species, s. [130].
2. recapitulation of the most general facts ascer-
tained by the comparison of the ova of dif-
ferent animals, s. [132].
3. morphology of the ovum : homology of its parts,
and relation of the ovum to other organic
structures, s. [134].
4. phenomena attendant on the maturation of the
ovum, and its discharge from the ovary. iL
453 ; s. [136].
time at which it arrives in the uterus, ii.
453.
irregularities in the descent of the, into the
uterus, ii. 455.
changes which the ovum undergoes in the
Fallopian tube, s. b'09.
functions of Fallopian tube,
reception and transmission of ova by the
Fallopian tube, s. 605.
5. relation of the ovum to fecundation by the male
sperm, s. [136].
6. immediate effects of fecundation on the ovum :
segmentation, and first changes of the ovum
related to the commencement of embryonic de-
velopment, s. [138].
difference between the fecundated and unfecun-
dated ovum, ii. 462.
phenomena of fecundation, ii. 457 467.
is material contact of the semen and ovum
necessary for fecundation ? ii. 462.
nature of the fecundating principle hypo-
thesis of an aura, &c., ii 466.
chemical composition of the ova of animals, s. [141].
the albumen or white, s. [141].
vitelline, s. [141].
ichthine, s. [141J.
ichthiciine, s. [141]-1
ichthuline, s. [141].
cohesion of germs, cases of, ii. 317.
dormant vitality of eggs, iii. 156.
periods of emission of ova of human females, s. 553.
spontaneity of the emission of ova, s. 567.
congenital malformations of the, iv. 946.
mola botry oides, or hydatica, hydrometra aquatica,
iv. 946.
theory of the fusion of ova in cases of monstrosity,
iv. 972976.
intus-susception of one germ within another, cases
of, ii. 317
ova subventanea, ii. 455.
Owls, eyelids of, iii. 97.
Of, anatomical characters of the, s. 508, et scq.
cranium of, s. 509. 513.
muscles of the, s. 524, 525.
effect of castration on the growth of the horn?, ii. 718.
pelvis of the, s. 157, 158.
root of the ninth nerve in the, iii. 722.
urine of the, iv. 1280.
variation in the breeds of, under various circumstances,
iv. 1311.
Ox-gall, analysis of, i. 574, 375.
uses of, i. 376.
Oxalate of lime calculus, iv. 78.
in morbid concretions, analysis of, iii. 806.
deposit of, in urine in disease, iv. 1'283.
Oxalic acid. iii. 800.
method of determining the presence of, iii. 800.
syncope from, i. 797.
Oxides in animals and vegetables, i. 1C5.
834-
GENERAL INDEX,
Oxygen, respiration of, in animals, i. 133. 257, 258.
quantity of, abstracted from the atmosphere by respi-
ration, iv. 326, 327. 354.
weight of oxygen gas in the atmosphere upon every
part of the" earth's surface, iv. 327.
OxytrichinidtE (hackle animalcules), a family of Polygastric
animals, iv. 5.
characters of the family, iv. 5.
Oxyuri,ii. 113.
Oysters, nervous system of, iii. 604. See CONCHIKUKA.
Oztena, iii. 739.
Paca (Cavia Paca), anatomy of the, iv. 372, ct seq.
Pacchioniun bodies, iii. 629. 631. 691.
description of them, iii. 644.
are they natural structures ? iii. 645.
glands, i. 729. 735; iii, 629. 631. 614. 645.
fossae, i. 729. 735.
PACHYDERMATA, an order of Mammalia, iii. 858.
enumeration of genera, iii. b59.
osseous system, iii. 859.
cranium, iii. 859.
occipital bone, iii. 859.
parietal bones, iii. 860.
frontal bones, iii. 8&0.
ethmoid, iii. 860.
sphenoid, iii. 861.
ribs and sternum, iii. 861.
anterior extremities, iii. 862.
scapula, iii. 862.
clavicle, iii. 862.
humerus, iii. 862.
radius and ulna, iii. 362.
carpus, iii. 863.
metacarpus, iii. 163.
phalanges, iii. 863.
posterior extremities, iii. 864.
pelvis, iii. 864.
lemur, iii. 864.
tarsus, iii. 864.
metatarsus, iii. 864.
phalanges, iii. 864.
teeth, iii. 865.
of SuidiE, iii. 865.
Choiropotamidae, iii. 865.
Hippopotamidae, iii. 866.
Toxodon, Elasmothenuin, iii. 8G6.
Rhinocerotidse, iii. 866.
Dinotherium, iii. 867.
Proboscidia, Elephant, iii. 867.
digestive system, iii. 871 ; s. 303.
stomach and intestines, liver, iii. 871, 872.
spleen, iii. 871.
salivary glands, iii. 872.
os hyoides, iii. 872.
circulatory and respiratory system, iii. 872.
thymus gland, iv. 1097.
urinary organs, iii. 873.
generative organs, iii. 873.
male, iii. 673.
female, iii. 8/3.
pelvis, s. 155.
Weberian organ of, iv. 1419.
nervous system, iii. 874.
brain, iii. 874.
special senses, iii. 874.
touch, iii. 874.
snout, iii. 874.
proboscis of the elephant, iii. 875.
smell, iii. 875.
frontal, maxillary, and sphenoidal si-
nuses, iii. 875-6.
eye, iii. 876.
ligamentum nuchae, iii. 876.
organs and mode of locomotion, iii. 454.
PACINIAN Horn us, iii. 876 ; s. 504.
general description, in. 876.
stalk, iii. 878.
channel for the stalk, iii. 878.
capsules, iii. 78.
ariery, iii. 878.
central cavity, iii. 878.
nerve tube, iii. 879.
function, or use, iii. 879.
comparison with the electrical organs of the torpedo,
iii. 879
Ptepha!>omys, anatomy of the, iv. 376, et seq.
Pagurus (hermit-crab;, nervous system ot tne, iii. 613.
Palceotherium, anatomy of the. See PACHVDEKMATA.
Palate, hard, iii. 950. See Palatine arch.
soft, iii. 952. See Palatine arch.
abnormal state of the, connexion between paraly-
sis of the portio dura and, iv. 553.
Palate bones, ii. 210.
borders, ii. 210.
anterior, ii. 210.
infi-rior, ii. 211.
interior, ii. 210.
superior, ii. 211.
Palate continued.
connexions, ii. 211.
development, ii. 211.
structure, ii. 211.
Palatine arch, and gums, iii. 950.
gums, iii. 951.
velum, palati, iii. 951.
muscles of, iii. 951.
glands of the soft palate, iii. 952.
tonsils or amygdalae, iii. 952.
See also PHARYNX. AND MOUTH.
Palatine artery, anterior, iii. 733.
superior, i. 490.
inferior, i. 486; ii. 556 ; iii. 949.
bone, i. 728 ; ii. 210 ; iii. 725.
canal, anterior, ii. 203.
glands, iv. 426.
hiatus, i.727-
holes, accessory, ii. 210.
nerves, ii. 286; iii. 951.
great, ii. 286.
lesser, ii. 28f>.
middle palatine, ii. 286.
posterior palatine, ii. 287.
process, or plate, ii. 208. 210.
veins, iv. 1404.
Palato-g\ossus muscle, iii. 952 ; iv. 1121. 11S2.
relations and action, iii. 952 ; iv. 1133.
Pa/a/fo-pharyngeus muscle, ii. 947. 952 ; iv. 1121.
relations and action, iii. 952.
Prt/afo-staphylinus muscle, iii. 952.
Palm-cats, dentition of the, iv. 911.
Palmar arch of veins, superficial, iv. 1407.
deep, iv. 1407-
cutaneous nerves, ii. 524 ; iv. 757.
fascia, ii. 525.
disease of the, ii, 517. 525.
ligaments. See Ligaments.
Palmaris brevis muscle, ii. 520.
relations and uses, ii. 520.
longus muscle, ii. 264. 367.
Palmellece, mode of reproduction of the, s. 20.
Palmoglea macrococca, mode of reproduction of. s. 220.
Palpebrce. See Eyelids.
Palpebral, or tarsal, arches, iii. 93.
arteries, i. 492 ; iii. 786.
inferior, i, 492 ; iii. 93.
superior, i. 492; iii. 93.
conjunctiva, iii. 83. See Conjunctiva.
fascia, 227-
fissure, or rima palpebrarum, iii. 79.
ligaments, external, iii. 81.
internal, iii. 81.
nerve, ii. 280. 289.
external, ii. 289-
internal, inferior, ii. 289.
Palpebrarum orbicularis, ii. 211.
Palpi as special organs of touch, iv. 1167.
Palpitation of the heart, cause of, i. 416.
Paludicella, ova of, development of, s. [127], [128].
Pampiniform ducts, iv. 982.
PANCREAS, i. 127 ; ii. 20; iii. 483. 943 ; s. 81.
definition, s. 81.
I. Human anatomy, s. 81.
situation, s. 81.
relations, s. 81.
shape, s. 82.
right extremity or head, s. 83.
left extremity, s. 8:3.
upper border, s. 82.
lower border, s. 83.
anterior surface, s. 83.
posterior surface, s. 83.
size and weight, s. 83.
general appearance, s. 84.
internal structure, s. 84.
duct of the pancreas, s. 8t.
vessels, s. 86.
arteries, s. 86.
lymphatic vessels, iii. 26; s. 86.
nerves, s. 86.
II. Microscopic anatomy, s. 86.
gland substance, s. 86.
a., the basement or limitary membrane, s. 87.
(3. epithelium, s. 88.
y. occasional appearance of a central cavity in
each follicle, the epithel um lining it in a
single columnal-looking layer, and leaving
a central space unoccupied, s. 89.
duct, s. 89.
capillaries, s. 90.
III. Comparative anatomy, s. 90.
Invertebrata, s. 90.
Gasteropoda, s. 90.
Cephalopoda, s. 90.
Vertebrata Fishes, iii. 982 ; s. 91.
pyloric appendages, s. 91.
Reptilia, s. 94.
Batrachia, s. 91.
Ophidia, s. 95.
Sauria, s. <J5.
Chelonia, s. 95.
GENERAL INDEX.
833
PANCREAS, Comparative Anatomy continued.
A\es, i. 327; s. 96.
taole of pancreatic ducts in several orders
of Birds, s. 97.
Mammalia, s. 98.
of Marsupialia, iii. 305.
of Kodentia, iv. 390.
in Ruminantia, & 541.
of the horse, iv. 732.
IV. Physiology, s. 99.
opinions" of old authors, s. 99, et srq.
results of analyses of the pancreatic secretion, s.
MK.
function of the pancreatic fluid, s. 105.
V- Morbid anatomy, s. 108.
a. quantitatively perverted nutrition, s. 108.
hypertrophy, s. 108.
atrophy, s. 108.
induration, s. 109.
softening, s. '09.
b. inflammation, s. 1< l>.
c. haemorrhage, s. 110.
d. structural changes, &. 110.
1. non-malignant ; cartilaginous transforma-
tion, s. 110.
steatomatous concretions, s. 110.
c;>>tic tumours ; hydatids, s. 110.
fatty degeneration, s. 111.
2. malignant, s. 111.
scirrhus and carcinoma, s. 111.
fungo-hsematoid disease, i. 112.
e. calculus concretions in the pancreatic duct, s.
112.
occurrence of fatty stools in connexion with pan-
creatic disease, iv. 95 ; s. 112.
See also GL\.\D.
Pancreas Asellii, i. 479. See CARXIVORA.
Pancreatic arteries, i. 195 ; s. 86.
calculi, iv. 86.
juice, i. 127.
share taken by the pancreatic juice in the process
of digestion, s. 398.
vein, iv. 1414.
PaHrmj</'c0-duodenaIis artery, L 194; s. 86. 326.
vein, s. 381.
Pandora lAcalepha?), i. 58.
Panniculus carnosus of the Porcupine, Hedgehog, &c. iii.
544.
Panorpa communis, or common scoq>ion- fly, ii. 86*.
Panorptna, or scorpion flies, a section of Insects of the order
Neuroptera, ii. 864.
characters of the section, ii. 854.
PapilUe of various parts of the boily, iv. 1165.
vascular and nervous supply to the papilla, iv. 1166.
of cervix uteri, s. 659.
lachry males, iii. 80. 91.
of nipples, ill 246.
o; the tongue, iv. 1136.
circumvallate, iv. 860. 1122. 1136.
fungiform, iv. 860. 1137.
conical or filiform, iv. 860. 1138.
simple, iv. S60. 1139.
structure of, iv. 1 139.
functions of, iv. 1140.
morbid conditions of, iv. 1159.
hypertrophy of circumvallate and fungiform
papillae, iv. 1159.
hairs on the conical or filiform papilla?, iv 1159.
contrast afforded by the tongue in scarla-
tina, iv. 1160.
effusions into the papilla?, iv. 1161.
extravasations of blood, iv. 1161.
lymph, iv. 1161.
denuded papilla?, iv. 1161.
fur of the tongue, iv. 1 161.
healing and reparation of the papilla?, iv.
1161.
Papillary body of palpebral conjunctiva, iii. 85.
PAR VAUL-.M NKK\E, iii. 881.
origin, course in the cranium, iii. 882.
ganglion superius, iii. 882.
communicating filament with the glosso-pharyn-
geal, iii. 8^2
auricular branch, iii. 883.
passage of the vagus along the neck, iii. 8S4.
branches, iii. 885.
superior pharyngeal, iii. 885.
inferior pharyngeal, iii. 885.
middle pharyngeal of Valentin, iii. 885.
superior laryngeal. iii. 886.
external branch, iii 886.
internal branch, iii. 886.
vascular and cardiac branch, iii. 887.
inferior or recurrent laryngeal, hi. 887.
course of the vagus through the thorax, iii. 888.
distribution of the vagus in the abdomen, iii. 889.
left vagus, iii. 889.
right vagus, iii. 890.
connexion of the vagus and spinal accessory, iii. 890.
physiology of the nervus vagus, iii. 891.
do the roots of the v.-gus contain any motor
filaments? iii. S91.
PAR VAGUM NRRVF., physiology continued.
sensitive filaments, iii. 892.
functions of the various branches, iii, 892.
auricular branch, iii. 892.
pharyngeal branches, iii. 892.
laryngeal branches, iii. 893.
effects of the laryngeal nerves on phona-
tion, iii. 895.
cesophageal branches, iii. 895.
cardiac branches, iii. 896.
pulmonary branches, iii. 896.
to what extent do the filaments of the vagi
act as incident nerves, iii. 897-
morbid changes in the lungs after dividing the
vagi. iii. 898.
functions of the gastric branches, iii. 899.
do the gastric branches of the vagus con-
tain some motifcrous filaments ? iii.
899.
effects of lesion of the vagi upon the sensations
of hunger and satiety, iii. 899.
upon the function of digestion, iii. 900.
upon the secretion of gastric juice, iii.
900.
upon the secretion of mucus upon the
inner surface of the stomach and in-
testines, iii. 900.
upon the rapidity of absorption from the
inner surface of the stomach, iii. 901.
summary of conclusions respecting the lunc-
tion of the nervus vagus, iii. 901.
Paracentesis abdominis, operation of, i. 6. 9.
recto-vesical, iii. 923.
vesic* supra pubem. operation of, i. 9. 14.
Paralysis, cerebral, iii. 58, 39.
law of cerebral action in, iii. 681.
exceptions to the law, iii. 681, 682.
cause of the loss of speech which sometimes pre-
cedes an attack of paralysis, iii. 710.
general, cerebral hyperaemia in cases of, iii. 720 C.
hemiplegic, iii. 720 Z.
spinal, iii. 38. 40.
produced by section of the facial nerve, iv. 552.
of the urinary bladder, causes of, i. 402, 403.
cause of the rigid and contracted state of the muscles
which accompanies red softening of the brain, iii.
721 G.
effects of strychnine on paralytic limbs, iii. 38. 40.
influence of emotion and of certain respiratory acts on
paralytic limbs, iii. 40.
Paraphrenitis, ii. 6.
Paraplegia, iii. 37. 40.
state of the urine in cases of, iv. 467.
Parasites, human, ii. 111-137. See EJJTOZOA.
animal. See EwruzoA.
vegetable, iv. 143.
Parasitical animals in the blood, i. 429.
in the cellular tissue, i. 516.
ace|>halory>t, i. 517.
Filaria medinensis, i. 517.
parasitic growths, effect of, on the process of nutrition
iii. 755.
fishes, iii. 976.
Paratrophia, or misnutrition, i. GO.
Parenchyma, i. 127.
Parietal bone, L 735.
angles, i. 736.
borders, i. 736.
connections, i. 736.
development, i.735.
external surface, i. 735.
inner surface, i. 735.
foramen, i 735.
fossa, i. 735.
Pars intermedia of Kobelt, s. 712.
Parmelia aipolia, organs of reproduction of, s. 29.
1'aronychia periostei, i. 449.
a cause of abscess of the axilla, i. 362.
Parotid fascia, iv. 423.
fossa, i. 733.
ganglions, i. 748.
gland, ii. 481 ; iii. 581. S02 ; iv. 423.
position, iv. 423.
relations, iii. 902.
form and dimensions, iv. 423.
duct of the parotid gland, or duct of Steno, iv.
arteries and veins of, iv. 424.
lymphatics of, iv. 424.
nerves of, iv. 424.
morbid anatomy of the parotid, iv. 430.
calculi of, iv. 83.
or posterior border of the rami of the lower jaw.
ii. 214.
PAROTID REG i UN (in surgical anatomy), iii. 9C2.
parotid gland, iii. 902.
relations, iii. 9052.
arteries, iii. 903.
external carotid, iii. 903.
internal maxillary, iii. I (.3.
trans versa) is faciei, iii. ( > :3.
posterior auricular, iii. !>03. .
836
GENERAL INDEX.
PAROTID REGION continued.
veins, iii. 903-
temporal and internal maxillary, iii. 903.
posterior auricular, iii. 903.
transverse facial, iii. 903.
external jugular, iii. 903.
nerves, iii. 903.
great auricular, iii. 903.
branches, iii. 903.
auiicular, superficial, iii. 903.
deep, iii. 903.
auriculo-temporal, iii. 903.
superficial temporal, iii. 19.
auricular branch, iii. 903.
portio dura, iii. 903.
posterior auricular, digastric, and stylo-hyoid
branches, iii. 904
temporo-facial division, iii. 904.
cervico-facial division, iii. 904.
lymphatic glands, iii. 904.
Parouarium, the, s. 593.
structure and development, s. 593.
abnormal states, s. 597.
Parrot, its mode of climbing and apparatus for prehension,
iii. 451.
eyelids of, iii. 97.
vocal organs and voice of the, iv. 1500.
Parrot-fishes, dental apparatus of, iii. 979.
teeth of the, iv. 871. 878.
Parthenogenesis, s. 37.
PARTURITION, MECHANISM OF, iii. 904.
in the lower animals, iii. 90*.
attitude and position of the foetus, iii. 906.
in the human subject, iii. 907.
presentation of the head, iii. 907.
first position, iii. 907.
second position, iii. 907.
presentation of the face, iii. 908.
first position, iii. 908.
second position, iii. 90S.
presentation of the lower extremities, iii. 908.
cross presentation, iii. 908.
mechanism of the pelvis in parturition, s. 146.
changes in the uterus after parturition, s. 658.
process of involution of the gravid uterus, s. 658.
changes in dimensions and weight, s. 658.
metamorphosis and restoration of the component
tissues, s. 659.
office of the uterus in parturition, s. 672.
general sketch of the labour process, s. 672, 673.
peristaltic action of the uterus and its cause, s. 673.
rhythmic action of the uterus and its cause, s. 674.
influence of the different nervous centres upon the
uterus in puriu ition, s. 675.
the exciting cause of labour, s. 677.
part taken by the abdominal muscles in promoting,
i. 17.
immediate agent of expulsion in, iii. 721 L.
influence of the obliquely contracted pelvis upon par-
turition, s. 202.
pathological condition of the uterus after parturition,
s. 702.
irregular contraction; hour-glass contraction (ar-
rested peristaltic action), s. 702.
incomplete and retarded involution, s. 702.
puerperal inflammations, s. 702.
endo-metritis, s. 702
metro-phlebitis, s. 703.
metro-peritonitis, s. 703.
blood-dycrases, s. 704.
Passcres, pelvis of the, s. 169.
" Pastern, great," of the horse, iv. 719.
Patella, or Knee-pan, ii. 1<>8.
development, ii. 168.
form and position, ii. 163.
structure, ii. 168.
ligaments of, i. 251 ; iii. 45, 46.
surfaces, ii. 168.
compared with that of the lower Mammalia, ii. 1G8.
fractures, iii. 69.
dislocations, iii. 73.
rupture of ligament of patella, iii. 78.
Patella vulgaris (limpet), nervous system of the, i. 113;
iii. 605.
Pathctici nerves, ii. 370 ; iii. 707.