movements of the rectum, s. 370.
defaecation, a. 370.
raucous membrane of the rectum, a. 371.
faeces, s. 372.
physical properties of the faeces, s.
3/3.
odour and colour, s. 373.
quantity evacuated, a. 374.
specific gravity of the faeces, 8. 374.
mechanical composition of the faeces,
8.374.
chemical composition, 8. 375.
intestinal gases, s. 376.
1. air may be introduced into the intestinal
canal from without the body, s. 376.
2. gases may be developed in the alimen-
tary canal from the decomposition of
the food which it contains, a. 377.
86G
GENERAL INDEX.
STOMACH AND INTESTINE, human anat. continued.
3. it has been supposed that gases arc set
free in the intestinal canal by a kind of
secretion or transpiration from the
blood, s. 377.
4. probable source of intestinal gases pre-
sent in diseased subjects, s. o78.
arteries of the intestines, s. 379.
superior mesenteric artery, s. 379.
inferior mesenteric artery, s. 380.
veins of the intestines, s. 380.
superior mesenteric vein, s. 381.
inferior mesenteric vein, s. 381.
food. s. 382.
nature of the food, s. 382.
milk, s. 384.
constituents of food, s. 384.
1. protein compounds, s. 384.
2. hydro-carbons, s. 386.
3. hydrates of carbon, s. 386.
4. water, s. 387.
5. salts, s. 388.
varieties of food, s. 388.
animal food, s. 389.
fat, s. 390.
blood, s. 391.
brains, s. 391.
glands, s. 391.
bone, s. 391.
eggs, s. 391.
varieties of milk, s. 391.
butter, s. 392.
cheese, s. 392.
vegetable food, s. 389. 393.
corn, s. 393.
proteinous constituent, s. 393.
amylaceous constituent, s. 393.
hydrocarbons, s. 393.
salts, s. 3U3.
leguminous seeds, s. 394.
potato, s. 394.
succulent vegetables, s. 395.
seasonings, s. 395.
chloride of sodium, or common salt, s.
395.
acids and acrid substances, s. 395.
stimulants, s. 395.
tea and coffee, s. 396.
alcohol, s. 396.
dietaries, s. 396.
relations of digestion to nutrition generally, s.
397.
prehension, s. 397.
mastication and insalivatiou, s. 397.
deglutition, s. 398.
gastric digestion, s. 398.
intestinal digestion, s. 398.
the bile, s. 399.
development of the alimentary canal, s. 401.
Abnormal Anatomy of the stomach and intestine, s. 403.
malformations, s. 403.
1. those which appear to depend on an arrested
or deficient development, s. 403.
2. attended by an excess of size, s. 403.
3. only referable to enors of development, the
causes of which are unknown : or to mal-
formations of adjacent parts, s. 404.
morbid conditions size, s. 404.
constriction, s. 404.
dilatation, s. 405.
thickness, s. 405.
changes in the situation, s. 405.
torsion of the intestine, s. 406.
intus-susception, s. 406.
abnormal conditions of its texture softening,
s. 407.
hyperaemia, s. 408.
haemorrhage, s. 409.
inflammation, s. 410.
catarrhal inflammation, s. 410,
puriform inflammation, s. 411.
croupy or diphtheric inflamma-
tion, s. 411.
acute gastritis, s. 414.
dysenteric inflammations, s. 415.
ulceration, s. 416.
ulcer of the stomach, s. 416.
lientery, s. 418.
hypertrophy s. 418.
polypi, s. 419.
calculi, iv.83.
tubercle, s 419.
cancer of the intestinal canal, s. 420.
of the stomach, s. 421.
stricture of the intestine, s. 422.
nerves of stomach and intestine, s. 464. See SYM-
PATHETIC NERVE.
effects of the lesion of the vagi upon the secretion
of mucus upon the inner surface of the sto-
mach and intestines, iii. 900.
and upon rapidity of absorption from the inner
surface of the stomach, iii. 901.
Stomach of the horse, iv. 732.
of Fishes, iii. 981.
ol Kodentia, iv. 38G.
of Keptilia. iv. 296.
of Kuminantia, ii. 11 ; s. 535. See RUMINANTIA.
of Carniyora, i. 478. See CARNIVOKA.
Stone, operations for the. See Lithotomy.
S-rofyvi, or maternal affection, general final cause of, iii. 15.
Stusatea, a genus of Myriapoda, iii. 546, et sea.
Straight nnus, iii. 631.
Straits of the pelvis, s. 127.
Strangulated hernia. See HERNIA.
Strangulation, de;ith by, appearance of the body after, i.
259.
Strength of the human body at different ages, i. 74.
Strepsiptera, an order of Insecta, ii. 866.
characters and habits of the order, ii. 866.
anomalous structure of, ii. 866.
Stricture of the intestine, s. 422.
of the oesophagus, iii. 761.
of the urethra, iii. 925 ; iv. 1260.
spasmodic, iv. 1260.
permanent iv. 1260.
varieties of permanent stricture, iv. 1260.
causes of stricture, iv. 1262.
in females, iv. 1266.
Slrigamia, a genus of Myriapoda, iii. 547.
Stromal and non-stromal formations. See PRODUCTS,
ADVENTITIOUS.
Strongylut armatus, a species of parasitic worm, ii. 127.
ova of, s. [123].
dentatus, ii. 1*7.
gigas, a parasite of the urinary organs, ii. 124, 125.
129, 130.
nervous system of the, iii. 607.
horridus, a parasite found in the water-hen, ii. 127.
Struma, characters of the urine in, iv. 1*93.
Strychnine, effects of, on paralytic limbs, iii. 38. 40.
its peculiar influence upon'the spinal cord, iii. 721 G.
effects of ether on animals poisoned by strychnine,
iii. 721 H.
Sturgeon, skeleton of, iii. 965.
Sturionidts, a family of Fishes, iii. 956, et scq.
characters of the family, iii. 956.
Stye, or hordeolum, iii. 83.
Styli of animalcules, iv. 6.
Stylo-glpssus muscle, i. 734 ; iii. 565.
action and relations, iii. 565.
Stylo-hyoid ligament, i. 734.
muscle, i. 734 ; iii. 105. 564.
action and relations, iii. 564.
nerve, iii. 901 ; iv. 547.
Stylo-masluid artery, ii. 542. 556.
foramen, i. 734.
Stylo maxillary ligament, i. 734 j ii. 214 ; iv. 938.
Stylo-pharyngeus muscle, i. 734 ; iii. 947.
relations and use, iii. 947.
Styloid process, i. 734 ; iv. 1506.
of ulna, ii. 163, 164.
of temporal bone, i. 727, 728.
Slylopidfc, a family of Insects of the order Strepsiptera, ii.
8L ; 6.
Stylops Spencii, ii. 866.
Sub-arachnoid fluid iii 641.
space, posterior, iii. 638.
effusions into the, iii. 716.
SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES, i. 189. 230; iii. 110. 577,578; iv.
814.
subclavian vein, iv. 815.
first stage of the right subclavian artery, iv. 815.
anterior relations, iv. 815.
a. right vena innominata, iv. 815.
b. internal jugular vein, iv. 815.
c. vagus nerve, iv. 815.
d. cardiac filaments of the sympathetic nerve
iv.815.
e. phrenic nerve, iv. 815.
/. vertebral vein, iv. 815.
first stage of the left subclavian artery, iv. 816.
relations, iv. 816.
differences between the right a"d the left sub-
clavian arteries in their first stage, iv. 816.
length, iv. 816.
position, iv. 816.
direction, iv. 816.
relations, iv. 816.
a. pleura, iv. 816.
b. veins, iv. 816.
1. satellite vein of the right gubcla-
vian, iv. 810.
2. internal jugular vein, iv. 816.
3. vertebral vein, iv. 816.
c. nerves, iv. 816.
d. thoracic duct and oesophagus, iv. 816.
subclavian arteries in their second stage, iv. 817.
anterior relations, iv. 817.
subclavian artery in its third stage, iv. 817.
anterior relations, iv. 818.
anomalies in the origin of subclavian arteries, iv. 8!8.
1. the right sub- lavian, iv. 818.
a. may occupy the usual position of the inno-
minate artery, iv. 818.
GENERAL INDEX.
867
SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES continued.'
b. may be the second in numerical order of
the branches of the arch, ir. 818.
c. may be the third of the branches of the
arch, iv. 818.
d. may be the last branch of the aorta, iv. 818.
e. sometimes arises below the arch, iv. 818.
2. the left subclavian artery, iv. 819.
a. sometimes more approximated than usual
to the origin of the left carotid, iv 819.
b. its origin sometimes fused into that of the
left carotid, iv. 819.
branches of the subclavian arteries, iv. 819.
vertebral artery, iv. 819.
origin, iv. 19.
relations, iv. 820.
branches, iv. 8'Jl.
basilar artery, iv. 820.
origin and relations, iv. 820, 821.
blanches, iv. 821.
varieties occasionally observable in the
vertebral arteries, iv. 822.
1. of origin, iv. 822.
2. of size, iv. 822.
3. of course and relations, iv. 822.
vertebral vein, iv. 82*.
mammary artery, internal, iv. 822.
origin and course, iv. 822.
branches, iv. 822.
varieties, iv. 823.
thyroid axis, iv. 823.
branches, iv. 823.
1. interior thyroid artery, iv. 823.
origin and course, iv. 823.
anterior relations, iv. 823.
branches of inferior thyroid, iv. 824.
a. aneria cervicalis ascendens, iv.
824.
b. descending branches, iv. 82-1.
c. terminal or thyroid branches,
P24.
2. supra-scapular artery, iv. 824.
3. arteria-transversalis colli, iv. 824.
cervicalis superricialis, iv. 824.
arteria cervicaiis profunda, iv. 824.
intercostal artery, superior, iv. 824.
origin and course of these arteries, ir.
824
operative proceedings, iv. 825.
lirst stage, iv. 825.
second stage, iv. 826.
third stage, iv. 8^7.
Sub-clavian vein, iii. 578; iv. 815. 817. 1407.
origin and course, iv. 1407.
collateral branches, iv. 1408.
Subclavius muscle, i. 360 ; iv. 755.
Subcunjunctival ecchymosis, iii. 85.
Subcutaneous cellular tissue, i. 3*. 216. 3G7.
of the cranium, i. 747. 74'J. 5^8.
elbow, ii. 63.
hand, ii. 524. 528.
Subcutaneous or superficial bursae, i. 467.
veins, iv. 13^7.
Sublingual artery, i. 486 ; iv. 1141.
fossa, ii. 214.
gland, ii. 214; iv. 424.
position, form, and dimensions, iv. 425.
ducts of the sublingual, iv. 425.
arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatics, iv. 425.
Sub-lobular veins, iii. 173; iv. 1414.
Submaxillary fossa, ii. 214.
gland, iv. 424.
position, form, and dimensions, iv. 424.
excretory canal, or Wharton's duct. iv. 424.
arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatics, iv. 421.
Submental artery, i. 486.
vein, iv. 1404.
Suboccipital fossa, i. 367.
nerve, iii. 658. 707.
posterior branch, iv. 750.
Sub-peritoneal cellular tissue, i. 13.
Hub-pubic, or obturator, groove, s. 116.
ligament, or ligamentum arcuatum, s. 12G.
ossification of the, s. 207. 705.
Sub-rutund lovea, ii. 530.
Sub-scapular artery, iv. 436.
fossa, ii. 157.
muscle, i. 362; iv. 755.
nerves, iv. 755.
inferior, i. 361.
superior, i. 361.
veins, iv. 1407.
vessels, i. 359.
Subslantia perforate antica, iii. 731.
media, iii. 673.
Subsultus tendinum, i. 61.
Succulent vegetables, considered as food, s. 395.
chemical composition of, s. 3'J5.
Succus lachryrnalis, iii. H8.
Sugar, properties of, as food, ii. 14 ; g. 386.
natural and artificial conversion of gum, starch, and
lignin into, iii. 153.
Sugar continued.
method of determining the presence of, in organic
substances, iii. 7U6.
quantitative analysis of, iii. 709.
of milk, iii. 360.
qualities of, iii. 300.
chemical analysis of, iii. 3GO.
Sugar disease, iv. 99. See Diabetes, saccharine.
theories of the pathology of, iv. 9<j, 100.
Sulciform fossa, ii. 530. 533.
Sulcus basilaris, i. 727. 732.
caroticus, i. 726.
costalis, iv. 1026.
digastricus, i. 734.
Eustachianus, i. 727.
lachryrnalis, iii. 90.
lateralis, i. 736.
longitudinal!*, umbilicalis, horizontals, i. 729. 735 ;
iii. 161.
occipitalis, i. 732. 734.
olfactory, iii. 668.
petrosus.i. 733.
spinosus, i. 736.
t-mporalis, i. 727.
transversus, sulcus venae portae, ii. 538 ; iii. 1C1.
Vidiantis, i. 733.
Snipkobifjroteic acid, iv. 164.
Sulphoproteic acid, iv. 164.
Sulphur, free, method of determining the presence of, in
organic substances, iii. 803.
Sulphuric acid, action of, on pro'ein, iv. 164.
and on fibrin, iv. 166.
method of determining the presence of, in organic
substances, iii. b03.
Swper-acromial nerve, iii. 572.
Supercilia. See Eyebrows ; Eyelids.
Superciliary ridge, i. 729.
Supercilium acetabuli, ii. 776.
Superficial, or subcutaneous, bursae, i. 467.
fascia, i. 216 ; ii. 229. 851. See FASCIA.
of the neck, iii. 566.
temporal nerve, i. 749 ; ii. 293.
Superficial vote artery, iv.
cava, s. iu
538.
,
Superficies concava, s. iuflexa, of ampulla of vestibule, ii.
convexa of ampulla of vestibule, ii. 538.
Superjcetation, or second conception during pregnancy, ii.
469.
cases recorded, ii. 469.
Supination and pronation of the hand, how effected, ii.
164.
Supinator longus muscle, ii. 63. 160.
radii brevis muscle, ii. 369.
longus muscle, i. 217 ; ii. 365.
Suppuration of the ovary, s. 577.
of the muscular substance of the heart, ii. 636.
within bones, i. 448.
symptoms of, i. 448.
on the surface of bones, i. 448.
Sw/>ra-acromial twigs of nerves, iv. 571.
S/>;a-clavicular nerve, iii. 572 ; iv. 753. 755. 818.
Stt/M'fl-maxillary nerve, iv. 548.
Sw/jra-orbicular nerves, iv. 547.
Su/wa-orbital artery, i. 491. 748 j iii. 93. 786.
nerve, i. 748; iii. 784.
vein, iv. 1404.
Sz/jH-a-orbitar cerebral convolution, iii. 696.
Supra-oibnzry foramen, i. 729.
Supra-renal artery, inferior, iv. 833.
media, iv. 833.
superior, iv. 833.
SUPRA-RENAL CAPSULES, iv. 827.
definition, iv. 827-
I. the larger series constituted by the differences of
form of supra-renal capsules in the animal king-
dom, iv. 827-
in Man, iv. 827.
accessory renal capsules, iv. 828. 832.
in Mammalia, Birds, Reptiles, and other Veitebrata,
iv. 828830.
II. minute structure, iv. 830.
cortical substance, iv. 831.
constituents, iv. 831,
1. fine molecules, iv. 831.
2. fatty granules, iv. 831.
3. nuclei, iv. 831.
4. cells in different stages of their develop-
ment, iv. 831.
medullary substance, iv. 832.
blood-ves'sels in the supra-renal capsules, iv. 833.
arteries, iv. 833.
veins, iv. 833.
lymphatics, iii. 227 ; iv. 833.
nerves, iv. 833.
structure of supra-renal glands, renal capsu'e*.
glandules succenturiatae, of birds, i. 348 ; iv.
834. See AVES.
in Reptiles, iv. 834.
in Fishes, iv. 834.
III. development, iv. 836.
IV. physiology, iv. 837.
functions, iv. 445.
868
GENERAL INDEX.
Supra-renal vein, iv. 833. 1413.
Stt/>ra-capltlar artery, iv. 435. 824.
branches, iv. 435.
origin and relations, iv. 824.
nerve, iv. 434. 755.
S?<p'a-spinal artery, iv. 435.
Swprfl-spinata fossa, ii. 157.
Sw;;ra-spinutus muscle, iv. 434.
Supra-s\rinous ligaments, s. 121.
Sw/jra-trocheator nerve, i. 748.
Swpra-trochlear nerve, ii. 280 ; iii. 93. 784.
palpebraj and frontal branches, ii. 280.
Sural veins, iv. 144.
SMS genus, anatomy of the. See PACKYDERMATA.
SMS larvatus, anatomy of the, iii. 861, et seq. See PACHY-
DERMATA.
scrofa, anatomy of the, iii. SCO, et seq. See PACHY-
DERMATA.
organs of voice of the, iv. 1493.
Suspension, power of, in insects and birds. See MOTION,
ANIMAL.
Suspensory ligament, iii. 926} s. 709.
of liver, iii. 160.
of penis, iii. 912.
Sustentaculum cervicis tali, or processus iuternus, ii.
339.
Sutures, i. 254, 255 ; ii. 219.
obliteration of, i. 745.
persistence of, i. 744.
coronal, i. 736*
dentate, i. 254.
ethmoidal, i.737.
harmonia. i. 254.
lambdoidal, i. 737.
limbosa, i. '254.
maxillary, ii. 208.
of nasal bones, iii. 725.
notha, i. 254.
petro-occipital, i. 737.
petro-sphenoidal, i. 737.
sagittal, i. 737.
serrate, i. 254.
spheno-parietal suture, i. 737.
spheno-temporal, i. 737.
sphenoidal, i. 737.
squamous, i. 254. 737.
transverse frontal, i. 737
vera, i. 254.
Swallow, mode of flight of the, iii. 429.
object of the emigration of the, ii. 764. "
Swallowing, involuntary nervous action in, iii. 589.
act of, productive of relief of pressure on the tym-
panum when in a diving-bell, ii. 575.
SWEAT, iv. 841.
definition, iv. 841.
in the healthy human subject, iv. 841.
insensible, or Sanctorian, perspiration, iv. 841,
842.
experiments made by various observers in various
countries, iv. 842.
analyses of sweat, iv. 843.
sweat in disease, iv. 844.
in gout, iv. 844.
in paraplegia, iv. 844.
in scabies, jaundice, syphilis, and ague, iv. 844.
albumen in sweat in rheumatic fever, iv. 93.
fatty matters excreted in the sweat in the colli-
quative hectic state, iv. 97.
in various other diseases, iv. 844.
simple mechanical means used in the expulsion of, iii.
Swimming considered as a means of animal progression,
iii. 431.
ciliograde animals, iii. 432. See also CILIA.
Porifera, iii. 432.
Polypifera, iii. 432.
Acalephae, iii. 433. See also ACALEPH^E.
cirrigrade animals, iii. 433.
pulmograde animals, iii. 433.
syringograde animals, iii. 433.
vermiform animals, iii. 434.
aquatic insects, iii. 434.
Decapods, iii. 43 i.
Cephalopods, iii. 436.
Pteropods, iii. 436.
Pisces, iii. 436.
shaped like the salmon, cod, and mackarel, iii.
437.
flat fishes, iii. 437.
analysis of the act of swimming in fishes, iii.
438.
aquatic birds, iii. 438. ,,^
quadrupeds, iii. 439.
man, iii. 439.
least adapted of all animals for swimming, iii.
439.
Swimming birds (Natatpres), characters of, i. 269.
Sycorina pusilla, a species of Polypifera, iv. 41.
Sylvius, aqueduct of, iii. 693. 698.
fissure of, iii. G71.
locus perforatus anticus, iii. 671.
definition, iv. 845.
SYMMETRY, iv. 845.
lateral repetition, iv. 845.
in man, exceptions are offered by the heart, great
blood-vessels, lymphatics of the trunk, bowels,
&c., iv. 846.
abnormal deviations from symmetry, iv. 848.
comparative anatomy, iv. 848.
in Mammalia, iv. 848.
Birds, iv. 848.
Reptiles, iv. 848.
Fishes, iv. 849.-
Articulata, iv. 849.
Mollusca, iv. 850.
Kadiata, iv. 850.
Infusoria, iv. 821.
antero-posterior symmetry, iv. 851.
symmetry of disease, iv. 851.
of plants, iv. 852.
of crystals, iv. 852.
SYMPATHETIC NERVE, ii. 288. 595 ; iii. 949; iv. G21. 816;
s. 262. 423.
difference between the structure of the sympathetic
and the cerebro-spinal fibre, according to Volkmann
and Bidder, iii. 59<J.
I. cervical portion of the gangliated cord, s. 423.
1. the superior cervical ganglion, s. 423.
a. communicating branches, s. 423.
b. ascending or carotid branch, s. 423.
c. pharyngeal branches, s. 424.
d. external lateral branches, s. 424.
e. superior or long cardiac nerve, iii. 575 ; s.
424. '
/. communicating cord between the superior
and middle cervical ganglia, s. 424.
2. the middle cervical ganglion, s. 424.
3. inferior cervical ganglion, s. 424.
a. branches of communication between tho
ganglion and the seventh and eighth cer-
vical nerves, s. 424.
b. fine twigs proceeding from the ganglion, s.
c. inferior or small cardiac nerves, s. 425.
II. thoracic portion of the gangliated cord, s. 425.
a. communicating' branches passing between the
ganglia and the intercostal nerves, s. 425.
b. small branches passing from the ganglia to the
descending aorta, s. 425.
c. chief brunches leading to the thoracic ganglia,
s. 425.
d. communicatinz cord between the last thoracic
ganglion and first lumbar, s. 425.
III. lumbar portion of the gangliated cord, s. 425.
branches, s. 4v5.
IV. sacral portion of the gangliated cord, s. 426.
plexuses of the sympathetic, s. 426.
A. in the head, s. 426.
1. internal carotid plexus, s. 426.
a. filaments communicating with the
sixth pair of nerves, s. 426.
b. great or deep petrosal nerve, s. 426.
c. short branches passing through the
outer wall of the cavernous sinus
and joining the Gasserian ganglion
on its inner surface, s. 426.
2. cavernous plexus, s. 426.
branches, s. 426.
3. external carotid plexus, s. 427.
B. thoracic plexuses of the sympathetic nerve,
s. 427.
1. cardiac plexus, s. 427.
2. plexus of the thoracic aorta, s. 428.
C. abdominal plexuses of the sympathetic nerve,
s. 428.
1. cceliac, solar, or epigastric plexus, s.
428.
2. superior mesenteric plexus, s. 429.
3. renal plexuses, s. 429.
4. spermatic plexuses, s. 429.
5. aortic plexus, s. 429.
G. inferior mesenteric plexus, s. 429.
7. hypogastric plexus, s.
8. inferior hypo
ogastric plexuses, s. 430.
9. uterine plexus, s. 430.
minute anatomy, s. 430.
elementary composition of the, iii. 598.
1. tubular nerve fibres, s. 431.
2. structures which present a homogeneous
flattened appearance, and contain a
number of oval nuclei imbedded in them
at intervals, s. 431.
3. quantity of white fibrous tissue, s. 432.
ganglia, s. 436.
ganglionic corpuscles, s. 436.
in Aves, s. 439.
Reptilia, s. 439.
Pisces, s. 439.
Invertebrata, s. 441.
connexion between the sympathetic and
cerebro-spinal systems, s. 443.
peripheral distribution of the sympathetic nerve, s.
development, s. 459.
GENERAL INDEX.
869
SYMPATHETIC NERVE continued.
physiology, s. 450.
properties of fibres of sympathetic, s. 458.
sensory properties, s. 458.
motor properties, s. 459.
the heart, s. 460.
intestinal canal, s. 464.
oesophagus, s. 464.
stomach, s. 465.
genito-urinary organs, s. 466.
pupil, s. 466.
influence of the sympathetic on the vegetative
processes, s. 470.
use of the ganglia of the sympathetic, iii. 723 F.
Sympathetic nervous actions, iii. 721 A.
bY.MI'ATlIY, IV. 852.
d-finition, iv. 852.
sympathy in yawning, &c., iv. 852.
examples of sympathetic sensations, iv. 853.
movements excited by the operation of a stimulus ap-
plied at a distance, iv. 853.
sympathies between different individuals, iv. 854.
which affect the mind, and through it the
body, iv. 854.
which are strictly organic, and therefore
physical, iv. N~>4~.
nerves affected by the phenomena of sensation and
motion, iv. 854.
continuous and contiguous sympathy, iv. 855.
Syatphysi$, \. 257.
pubis, i. 4*; s. 115. 125.
sacro-iliac, i. 249.
Sympodia, or siren-like form of monstrosity, iv. 964.
Synarthrosis, i. 254.
varieties of, amphiarthrosis, i. 255.
gomphosis, i. '255.
schindylesis, i. 255.
suture, i. 255.
diarthrodicajform of articulation, i. 255.
Synchtsta, a genus of Rotifera, iv. 404.
Sync/iondrosis, i. 2J9. 257.
Sync/tysis, spaikling, causes of the sparkling appearance,
Synciput, i. 725.
Syncope, phenomena of, iii 159.
cause of, i. 416.
produced by the operation of phlebotomy, i. 228.
Syncorne, mode of reproduction of the, s. 18.
Syngnathidas, a family of Fishes, iii. 957.
Si/ngnat/ius, iii. 986.
Synneurosis, i. 2o7.
Synoicum, a genus of Tunicata, iv. 490, et seq.
characters of the genus, iv. 1190.
SYNOVIA, iv. 856.
definition, iv. 856.
chemical examination of synovia, iv. 856.
Synovial bursce of temporo-maxillary articulation, iv. 937.
capsule, acute inflammation of a, effects of, on the
action of the heart, i. 797.
of eibow, ii. 66.
of knee, iii. 46.
cavities, calcareous, deposits in the, iv. 90.
membranes in particular. See Articulations in par-
ticular.
of the ankle-joint, i. 153.
acute inflammation of the, i. 162.
of hip-joint, ii. 779.
of radio-ulnar articulations, iv. 229.
of shoulder-joint, iv. 575.
of tibio-fibular articulations, iv. 1118, 1119.
of wrist-joint, iv. 1507.
membranes in general. See SEROUS and SYNOVIAL
MEMBRANES.
sheaths of tendons, constitution of, iv. 518.
Synovial membrane, diseases of the, of the elbow-joint, ii.
Synnvitis coxae, case of, ii. 788.
Synovitis of the elbow-joint, ii. 77.
Syphilis, caries from, i. 450.
a cause of inflammatory state of the brain, iii. 713.
treatment, iii. 713.
effects of syphilis on the anus, i. 183.
foetus in utero affected by it, ii. 333.
prodticed by contact with morbid saliva, iv. 420.
syphilitic ofchitis, iv. 1008.
syphilitic ulceration of the tongue, iv. 1156.
small circular superficial ulcers, iv. 1156.
rhagades or fissures, iv. 1156.
glossy tubercle, iv. 1156.
phagedaenic ulcers, iv. 1157.
ulcerations of the larynx caused by, iii. 119.
treatment of syphilis by mercury, iv. 802, 803.*
Syringograde motion, explanation of, iv. 1241, note.
Ki/ringogrades, mode of locomotion of the, iii. 433.
Syro- Arabian, or Semitic, group of languages, iv. 1347.
characters of the Syro-Arabian nations, iv. 1347.
Syssarcosi*, i. 257.
Systemic heart, ii. 579. See HEART (normal anatomy).
Systole, or contraction, of the heart's auricles and ven-
tricles, ii. 602,603. See HEART, PHYSIOLOGY op.
meaning of the expression " systole of the heait," ii.
603.
T.
T fractures of the femur, iii. 68.
Tabanidte, or bloodsuckers, ii. 867.
Tabula vitrea, i. 742.
Tadpole, i. 93. See AMPHIBIA.
digestion, organs of, i. 96.
metamorphosis, i. 106.
of the os hyoides in the tadpole, iii. 835.
respiratory organs of the, s. 278. 280.
respiration, organs of, i. 98.
skeleton of, structure of, i. 96.
vertebrae of, i. 93.
Tcenia filiformis, ova of, ii. 142.
polvmorpha, ii. 142.
semicircularis, iii. 675. 699. 702.
solium, description of the, ii. 120, 121.
digestive organs of the, s. 295.
mode of reproduction of, s. 29.
sphaenocephalus, a species of tape-worm, it 13 .
Teenies, or tape-worms, ii. 116. 120.
digestive apparatus in, ii. 131.
forms and malformations of, ii. 121.
muscular system of, ii. 128.
organisation of, ii. 120, 121.
generation, organs of, ii. 137.
mode of reproduction of, s. 27.