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War expenditures
HEARINGS
BEFORB
SUBCOMMITTEE No. 1
(AVIATION)
OF THE
SELECT COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES
IN Th£ WAR DEPARTMJ
HOUSE OF EEPRESENT,
SIXTY-SIXTH CONG
FIRST SESSION
ON
WAR EXPENDIT
VOL. 1
Hon. JAMES A. FREAR, Chairman
Hon. WALTER W. MAGEE Hon. CLARENCE F. I.KA
Serial 2
WASHINGTON
(iOVBRNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1010
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SELECT COMMITTEE ON E— PENDITURES IN THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
. House of Rbprbsentattves.
WILLIAM J. GRAHAM, Illinois, Chairman.
JAMES A. FREAR, Wisconsin. HENRY D. FLOOD, Virginia,
JOHN C. MCKENZIE, Illinois. FINIS J. GARRETT, Tennessee.
ROYAL G. JOHNSON, South Dakota. FRANK E. DOREMUS, Michigan.
C. F. REAVIS, Nebraska. JEROME F. DONOVAN, New York.
WALTER W. MAOEE, New York. CLARENCE F. LEA, California.
ROSCOE C. MCCULLOCH, Ohio.
OSCAR E. BLAND, Indiana.
ALBERT W. JEFFERIS, Nebraska.
CLARENCE MacGREGOR, New York.
Newton H. Shaw, Ckrk.
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INDEX.
Page.
•• A * Within the Law ' conspiracy," by Mr. W. H. Fauber, testimony re_ 485-4.^7
Aeronautic patent question, extracts from report of National Advisory
Commission for Aeronautics 425-432
Aeronautical engines, table showing list of sold to United States Govern-
ment 397
Aeroplanes :
Aeronautical engines, table showing 39G
Aircraft Division—
Controversey between officers, in testimony re 5,6
Disorganized condition of, testimony re 3-43
Organization and investigations of, testimony re 3-43
Allies, table showing number furnished by 487
American, table showing number used by 170
"Americans munitions," by Assistant Secretary of War Crowell,
testimony re 11, 12
Annual report of the Secretary of War on production of 10-12
Appropriations for production of, tables and testimony re 15,
16, 124, 125, 273-282, 360-397, 551-554
Appropriations for production of, testimony of Messrs. Potter and
Ryan at Thomas hearings 65,66
Col. Arnold, test regarding statements on aircraft production made
at previous hearings 31,32
Artificially dried spruce for manufacture of, testimony re method of
producing — 674-670
Austria, table showing number used by 170
Aviation activities abroad, testimony re 119-162
Aviation fields, purchase of 137,138
Aviators abroad, testimony regarding number of 182-189,190,453
Aviators, testimony re casualties abroad 33-35,208
Aviators, testimony re number in service 283-285
Aviators, testimony re training of 225
Belgium, table showing number used by 170
Bombing machines, testimoney re number of, abroad 163-189
Borglum, testimony re criticism respecting aircraft production 26-31
Bristol, testimony re discontinuance of manufacture of 18
British Government, number furnished United States by 489—191
British, table showing number used by 170
Caproni, testimony re use of abroad 124, 143
Casualties among aviators 33-35,208
Contracts for, testimony re in connection with activities of Col.
Deeds 45-61
Cross-license agreement with reference to manufacture of 339-448
Council of National Defense, relation to aircraft production program. 10
Crowell, Assistant Secretary of War, testimony re report on aircraft
production 11, 12
Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Corporation, testimony re sale of surplus
aeroplanes to 114-118, 453-481, 520-550
Deeds, Col., testimony re business connections and qualifications 45-61
De Ha vi land —
Advisability of concentrated production of. In United States. _ 165, 166
Testimony re merit of as bombing plane 17,18,31-35
Testimony and tables re reproduction and defects in 17, 18, 31-43
140-144, 175-182, 190-220, 237, 238, 246-248, 353-355, 378
Necessity for production of 211-216
Supply furnished abroad 165, 166
Delivery of, testimony re inability of firms to make 6,7
Destruction of, in France 221-224
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IV INDEX .
Aeroplanes — Continued. ^■•^
Engines for, manufactured in United States 4o-
Engines sliipped from United States and produced by allied Govern- ^
ments for use of United States forces 492-519
Experience of personnel of Army engaged In shaping aircraft poli-
cies ^^T^
Farman, H., testimony re use of, abroad 123
Fatalities among aviators 3^-35,208
Fighting machines, testimony re number of abroad 163-189
Foreign contracts of American firms— 7
French, table showing number used by 170
French Government number furnished United States by 489-491
German types of, table showing 223
Germany, table showing number used by 170
Goethals, Gen. G. W., testimony re qualifications of in connection with
handling aircraft production of 55-57
Handley-Paige, testimony re use of abroad 124, 134-137
Hispano-Suiza motors, testimony re production of 13,37
Hughes report on aircraft production, testimony re 3, 37, 38, 57-59
Italian Government, number furnished United States by 489-491
Italy, table showing number used by 170
Liberty motor, testimony re production and defects of 35. 36,
37, 165, 166, 190-205, 216-233, 550
Liberty motor, delivery of to foreign countries 128-130
Liberty motors, equipment of foreign machines with 12,13
Liberty motor, manufacture and installation In various types of ma-
chines 18-35
Lumber production, for manufacture of 574-667.680-690
Manufacture of, testimony of inability of firms to 6,7
Mexican expedition, use of in connection with 4. 5
Number and types furnished to American Expeditionary Forces 281,
496-520
Number of and types used In American Expeditionary Forces as of
November 11, 1918 Following page 554
Number of abroad, testimony and tables re 66-09,
128, 16a-189, 217, 453, 454
Number of aviators abroad 182-189,551
Number on the battle front 17
Potter and Ryan, Messrs., testimony re statement of at Thomas hear-
ings re number of aeroplanes abroad 66
Parking and shipping of r>(52
Parallel truss, effects of 23^-241,246-248
Patents, cross-license agreement with reference to 399-448
Pershing expedition Into Mexico, use of aeroplanes In connection with 4, 5
l^)tter, Mr. W. C, testinumy re appointment In connection with air-
craft production 61-67
Prewar preparation 343-359
Price and production of lumber for manufacture of 574-627. 680-690
Production of In United States 3-43,28-281,554-561
Program of Mr. Howard Coffin for increased prcnluctlon of 9. 10
Railroad construction in connection with spruce prwluctlon 691-772,
790-946
Purchase of aviation fields 137-138
Rolls-Royce engine, testimony re production of 18,33,34
Ryan. Mr. John I)., appointment as Chief of Aircraft Production., 61-67
Sale of surplus supply of 139, 140, 397, 4.5;V-I80, r)20-.V>0
Shipping and packing of 562
Salvage by American Expeditionary Forces, table showing 223
Slems-(^arey-Kerbaugh Co. contract in connection with production
with spruce 916-946
Societn Italia automobile (Aeroplane), testimony re u.s€ of abroad- 124. 125
Spad, cancellation of contract for 199
Spad, tt^stlmony re use of abroad 123
Spruce Production Division, Investigation of by Inspector General 833-844)
Spruce production for use In manufacture of 87-118,331-343.563-946
Supply of abroad 127.128,163-189
S. V. A., testimony re use of abroad 124.125
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INDEX V
Pag«.
Thomas report on aircraft production 3,14 43,65-66,69-71
Transportation of, abroad 24-26
Types and number furnished American Expeditionary Forces 486-520
(See aUo Balloons.)
Agreements, cross-license, with reference to aircraft production 399-448
Air Service:
Appropriations for 7-9, 15, 16
Construction of stations for, table re 327-330
Contracts aggregating $100 000 or over, made by, table and testi-
mony re 285-325
Controversy between officers in 5,6
Deeds, Col. Edward A., testimony re business connections and quallti-
cations of 45-61
Disorganizetl condition of 3-43
Estimate of funds for, table and testimony re 36-365
Experience of personnel of 37-43
Inefficiency of 240-246, 249-257
Organization and investigations of 3-^3
Personnel of, abroad 182-190
Potter, Mr. W. C, appointment to iX)sition as chief of 61-67
Ryan, Mr. John D., appointment to position as chief of 61-67
Aircraft Board, testimony re creation of : 10
Aircraft ( See also Aeroplanes. )
Allies :
Aeroplane engines produced by for United States forces, table show-
ing 492-510
Aeroplanes furnished by, table showing 487
Aeroplanes used by, table showing 163-173
America, aeroplanes used by, table showing 170
American aeroplanes, types and number furnished American Expedition-
ary Forces — 486-520
American Expeditionary Forces:
Aeroplanes salvaged by, table showing 223
Flying officers in, table and testimony re 283-285
American firms manufacturing aeroplanes for foreign account, testi-
mony re 7
"America's Munitions," by Assistant Secretary of War Crowell, testi-
mony re 11, 12
Annual report of Secretary of War on aircraft production 10-12
Appropriations :
Aircraft production, tables and testimony re 7-9,
15, 16, 124, 125, 273-282, 360-^97, 551-554
Aircraft, testimony of Messrs. Potter and Ryan at Thomas hearings- 65, 66
Expenditure of, table showing Following page 554
Arnold, Col., testimony re statement on aircraft production made at pre-
vious hearings 31, 32
Artificially dried spruce, testimony re method of producing 674-679
Attorney General Gregory, decision regarding cross-license agreements. 433-435
Austria, table showing number of aeroplanes used by 170
Aviation activities abroad, testimony re 119-162
Aviation, appropriations for, table and testimony re 7-9,
15, 16, 124, 125, 273-282, 360-397, 551-554
Aviation fields, testimony re purchase of 137,138
Aviation forces abroad, testimony re 163-190,283-285,453
Aviation preparation before the w^ar, testimony re 343-359
Aviators :
Deaths among, abroad 33-35, 208
Duty abroad, table showing number on 551
Fatalities among ^ 33-35, 208
Feeding of, in Italy 121
Number of, abroad 182-190, 551
Training of 120-124, 225
Baker, Hon. Newton D., testimony re:
Aeroplanes, Inability of firms to manufacture and deliver 6,7
Aeroplanes, production of 3-43
Aircraft appropriations 7-9
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VI INDEX.
Baker, Hon. Newton D., testimony re — Continued. Tng^
Aircraft Board, formation of 10
Aircraft Division, organization and investigation of 3-43
American firms manufacturing aeroplanes for foreign account 7
Appointments to positions in Aircraft Division, qualification of in-
cumbents, etc 45-60
Arnold, Col., testimony re statements at previous hearings on air-
craft production 31, 32
Borglum, criticisms of, respecting aircraft production 2(>-31
r>ristol aeroplane, discontinuance of production of 18
Colonial Army pUin 6,7
Copper purcliases made through rnite<l RIetals Selling Co 7J>-87
Council of National Defense, relations to aircraft production pro-
gram 10
Curtiss aeroplanes, contract for sale of 114-118
Deeds, Col. Edward A., conclusions of Judge Adv(K-ate G*»neral in
case of. Inserted In record 72
De«'ds, Col. Edward A., business connections and qualifications of__ 45-61
De Haviland aeroplane, defects of 17, 18, 31-^^.'), 41-43
Examination of, by H<m. James A. Frear re "America's Munitions,"
Assistant Secretary Crowell 11,12
Examination of, by Hon. Janies A. Erear re annual report of St»c-
retary of War on aircraft production 10-12
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re business connection and
qualifications of Col. Edward A. Deeds 45-61
P3xandnatlon of, Hon. James A. Frear re business connections of ^Ir.
John I). Ryan 72-75
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re organization and Inves-
tigations of Aircraft Division 3-43'
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re production of aeroplanes- 3-43
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re projects for sqjruce pro-
duction 87-118
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re purchase of copper
through United Metals Selling Co 75-87
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re quantity of aeroplanes
abroad 3-43
Examination of, by Hon. Walter W. Magee re supply of aeroplanes
abroad 66-67
Experience of, personnel of Army engaged in aircraft production 37-43
Fatalities among aviators 33-85
Goethals, Gen. George W., qualifications In connection with handling
aircraft production 55-57
Hay-Chamberlaln bill 6, 7
Hlspano-Sulza motors, production of 13.37
Hughes report on aircraft production 37.38.57^59
Insi)ector General's Investigation of railroad In State of Wa.shlng-
ton 103-114
letter to, fnmi Hon. James A. Frear, resale of surplus aeroplanes. .48:1—484
Liberty motors, equipment of foreign machines with 12, 13
Liberty motor, structural defects in 35,36
Mexican expedition, use of aeroplanes In 4,5
National Cash Register prosecution in connection with qualifications
and business connections of Col. Edward A. Deeds 48-52
Number (»f aeroplanes abroad 66-60
Potter, Mr. W. C. l)uslness connections of and apixnntment to air-
craft position 61-67
Price and production of copi>er 75-87
Program of Mr. Howard Cotfin for Increased pro<luctl<m of aero-
planes 9. 10
Railroad construction in State of Washington In conne<'tion with
spruce production 87-118
Reber, Col., and Gen. Scrlven. controversy between 5.6
Rolls-Iloyce engine for aeroplanes, manufacture of IS. 33, 34
Ryan, John D., apiH)intment t<» poslthm as Chief of Aircraft PhmIuc-
tion 61-67
Scrlven, Gen., and Col. Reber, controversy I>eUveen 5,6
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INDEX VII
Baker, Hon. Newton D., testimony re — Continued. JPasre.
Shermar^ antitrust law in connection with National Cash Register
prosecution and Col. Edward A. Deeds 48-52
Spad aeroplane, discontinuance of production of 18, 19
Spruce production for manufacture of aeroplanes 87-118
Thomas hearing on aircraft production 42,43
Transportation of aeroplanes 24, 26
Balloons :
Allies, table showing number used by 170
America, number used by, table sliowing 170
Austria, table showing number used by 170
Belgium, table showing number used by 170
British, table showing number used by 170
Central povrers, table showing number used by 170
Enemy, tables showing number used*t)y 170
French, table showing number used by 170
Germany, table showing number used by 170
Number used abroad 170-173
{See also Aeroplanes.)
Battle front, testimony re number of aeroplanes on 17
Belgium, table showing number of aeroplanes used by 170
Boiling Commission, organization and work of abroad 209-216
Bombing machines, number of abroad 163-189
Borglum, criticisms respecting aircraft production, testimony re 26-31
Bristol aeroplane, discontinuance of manufacture of 18
British :
Aeroplanes used by, table showing numl)er of 170
Aeroplanes supplied United States forces by , 489-491
Bureau of Aircraft Production, appropriations and expenditures of,
tables and testimony re 273-282
Oapronl aeroplane, testimony re use of abroad 124,125,143
Casualties among aviators abroad 33-35,208
Central Powers ; aeroplanes used by, table and testimony re 163-173
Ghinn, Mr. E. B., testimony regarding:
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re spruce production and
Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Co. contract 916-936, 939-944, 945
Examination of, by Hon. Clarence F. Lea re spruce production and
Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Co. contract 936-944
Examination of, by Hon. Walter W. Magee re ^ pruce production and
Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Co. contract 932, 933, 942, 943
Chlsholm, Mr. Wm. J., testimony regarding:
Examination of, by Hon. James A. Frear re railroad construction and
employment of soldiers In connection \vlth spruce produc-
tion 853-864, 871-876
Examination of, by Hon. Clarence F. Lea re railroad construction
and employment of soldiers In connection with spruce produc-
tion 864-870, 874, 875
Examination of, by Hon. Walter W. Magee re railroad construction
and employment of soldiers in connection with spruce produc-
tion 870, 871, 874
Christma.s, Dr. Wm. W., testimony regarding:
Aeroplane production 235-272
Aircraft Service, Inefficiency of 240-2r)7
Bullet aeroplane 242-244
De Havlland aeroplane, defects of 237-238, 246-248
Examination of, by Hon. Clarence F. Lea re advantages and types of
various types of aeroplanes 235-272
Examination of, by Hon. Walter W. Magee re advantage and de-
fects of various types of aeroplanes ; 235-258
Liberty motor and similarity to Hall-Scott motor 238, 239, 259-272
Parallel-truss aeroplane, defects of 239-241, 246-248
Clark, Col. E. V., testimony before Thomas committee re De Havlland
aeroplane in.serted In the record 190-192
Coffin. Mr. Howard, testimony re program for Increased aircraft produc-
tion 9,10
Colonial army plan, testimony re 6,7
Construction of Air Service stations 327-330
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VIII INDEX
Contracts : P«««.
Aircraft material, testimony relating to in connection with activities
of Col. Edward A. Deeds 45-61
Air Service for $100,000 or over, table and testimony re 285-325
American firms mannfacturing aeroplanes for foreijrn account 7
Cost-plus in connection with spruce production in Ore-
gon 563-574, 668-673
Cros -license agreements with reference to aircraft production 399-448
Curtis aeroplanes, sale of 114-118
Handley-Paige, alleged extravagance in connection with 134-137
Limiber for aeroplane manufacture 574-626, 680-^90
Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Co., for constructing railroad in connection
with spruce production 716-730, 756-772, 916-946
Surplus aeroplanes, sale of ^ 453-486,520-550
United Metals Selling Co., for purchase of copper 75-87
United States Spruce Production Corporation 332-336
Copper :
Price of 75-87
United Metals Selling Co., purchases made through 75-87
Cost-plus contracts in connection with spruce-production operations 626-673
Council of National Defense, relations to aircraft production program 10
Cross-license agreements r
Aeroplanes, manufacture of and 399-448
Attorney General's decision re legality of 432-435
Crowell, Assistant Secretary of War, testimony re report on aircraft pro-
duction 11. 12
Curtlss Aeroplane & Motor Corporation, sale of suri)lus aeroplanes to 114-130,
453^86, 520-550
Deaths among aviators abroad 33-35,208
Deeds, Col. Edward A., business connections and qualifications for posi-
tion in connection with aircraft production 45-61, 72
De Haviland aeroplane :
Advisability of concentrated production in United States 165, 166
Defects in 17, 18,
31-35, 131, 140-144, 175-182, 190-220, 237-238, 246-248, 353-355. 378
Necessity for production of 211-216
Production of 216-220, 353-355. 378
Supply of, furnished forces abroad 165,166
Destruction of aeroplanes in France 221-224
Disque, Gen., testimony regarding connection with spruce pro<luction 748-754
Division of Military Aeronautics, appropriations and expenditures for
aviation purposes, tables and testimony re 273-282
Dunwoody, Col., examination of by Hon. James A. Frear re work of lAH*k-
hard Commission 141
Edmunds, Hon. G. W., letter from Pope Yeatman re price and prmhictlon
of copper 76
Employment of soldiers in connection with sppuc»e production 691-704,853-876
Enemy, tables and testimony re aeroplanes used abroad by 163-173
Engines, manufactured in United States 452
Expenditures :
Aviation purposes, tables and testimony re 273-279,260-297
Spruce Production Corporation 331-343
Experience of personnel of Army engaged in aircraft production 37-43
Farman H. (aeroplane), testimony re use of abroad 123
Fatalities among aviators 33-35,208
Fatalities in Air Service (tables) following page 556
Fauber, Mr. W. H., testimony regarding:
"A * Within the Law* conspiracy" written by testimony re 435-437
Cross-license agreement with reference to aircraft production 399-448
Examination of by Hon. Clarence F. I^ea re cross-license agreement
with reference to aircraft production 399-448
Feeding of aviators in Italy 121
Fighting machines, number of abroad 163-180
Financial operations of Spruce Production Corporation, testimony re_. 704-716
Flying officers in United States and American Expeditionary Forces.- 283-285
Foreign coDtracts of American firms for aeroplanes 7
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INDEX IX
Foulois, Maj. B. D., testimony regarding: Page.
Aeroplane engines manufactured in United States 453
Aviation appropriations and expenditures 360-397
De Havlland aeroplane, production and defects of 353-^355
Examination of by Hon. James A. Frear re appropriations and ex-
penditures for aviation purposes 360-397
Examination of by Hon. James A. Frear re number of aeroplanes
manufactured in United States 452
Examination of by Hon. James A. Frear re prewar aviation prepa-
rations 343-359
Examination of by Hon. Clarence F. Lea re appropriations and ex-
penditures for aviation purposes 382-395
Examination of by Hon. Clarence F. Lea re production of aeroplanes
for American forces 555-561
Expenditures for aviation purposes 360-397
Prewar aviation preparations 343-359
Prance, aeroplanes destroyed in, testimony re 221-224
Frear, Hon. James A., examination of Hon. Nowton D. Baker. (See Baker.)
Frear, Hon. James A, :
Examination of Mr. E. B. Chinn. (8ce Chinn.)
Examination of Mr. Wra. J. Chishohn. (See Chisholm.)
Examination of Col. Dunwoody. {See Dun woody.)
Examination of Maj. D. B. Foulois. (See Foulois.)