ticket. That is probably why I voted for O'Dwyer.
Excuse me. Senator Hickenlooper.
Senator Hickenlooper. I notice it is the occasional Republican who
belongs to one of these organizations that can be pointed to.
Mr. KiEKDL. I am on your side on that. Senator.
Miss Kenyon. Guilty by association.
Senator Hickenlooper. Is this organization still in existence that
3'ou know of ?
Miss Kenyon. Wliat, this Inalienable Rights?
Senator Hickenlooper. This (xreater New York Emergency Con-
ference on Inalienable Rights.
Miss IvENYON. I haven't the faintest idea. I can't even remember
it. All I can find Avas this clipping in my files, 1940.
Senator Hickenlooper. Now the testimonial dinner in honor of
Ferdinand C. Smith, on /6'eptember 20, 1944, at the Hotel Commodore,
in New^ York. I have a photostat alleging to be a copy of the list of
sponsors containing your name. Were you a sponsor of that or-
ganization ?
Miss Kenyon. I haven't any recollection. That is also a new one
on me. It wasn't included in the list that Senator McCarthy gave last
year. When was that, and what was the man's name?
Sen.ator Hickenlooper. September 20, 1944, testimonial dinner in
honor of Ferdinand C. Smith at the Hotel Commodore in New York.
You may see this, if it will refresh your memory.
Miss Kenyon. Thank you very much. Was he a Negro?
Senator Hickenlooper. I don't know. The allegation was made,
I believe, that he is a prominent Communist.
Miss Keny^on. Do you mean at the dinner ?
Senator Hickenloopzil I don't know about at the dinner.
192 STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IN^EISTIGATION
Miss Kenyon. Excuse me a moment. I don't remember anything-
about this. I haven't any recollection of it.
Senator Hickenloopek. Your name is on the second page.
Miss Kenyon. Yes, "in recognition of his outstanding service to-
labor, the Negro people, and the Nation."
I may have fallen for the fact that he is a member of the Negro race.
That was a mistake like LaGuardia's occasional mistakes. It was a
beaut.
Senator Hickenlooper. Do you recall attending the dinner ?
Miss Kenyon. I don't know the individual. I don't recall having-
att ended the dinner. I don't go to dinners if I can lielp myself.
Senator Hickenlooper. The American Connnittee for Anti-Nazi
Literature, suite 302, 20 Vesey Street, New York City. The photo-
stat is alleged to be a copy of a letter, or photostat of the letterhead
of that organization, upon which your name appears as a sponsor.
Miss Kenyon. What is the date ? May I see it '?
Senator Hickenixioper. March 24, 1939. You may see it, of course.
Miss Kenyon. I reported on this in my statement. I said I could
find absoliitely nothing in my files in regard to it, sir. I see a num-
ber of friends of mine along here on this sponsor list, including-
Prof. John Dewey. I just sponsored a dinner for him this fall. And
Lillian Wakh who is also on the board of the American Civil Liberties
LTnion, and Professor Maclver.
Senator Hickenlooper. Do you have any recollection of it?
Miss Kenyon. No.
Senator Hickenlooper. And you are not now a member of it, nor
a sponsor?
Miss Kenyon. Certainly not.
Senator Hickenlooper. I have an alleged photostatic copy of a
clipping of the Daily Worker of February 10, 1944, containing a story
which I shall show you, headed as follows: "Leading citizens laud'
Isaacs' on Gerson," and it is alleged to be a letter of which they
claim you w^ere one of the signers, in this news story, a letter to Mr.
Isaacs lauding the appointment of S. W. Gerson, former Daily Worker
reporter, as an assistant on Mr. Isaacs' staff.
They print your name as one of the signers of that letter.
Miss Kenton. A Daily Worker clipping, you say ? I never see that
sheet.
Mr. Chairman, I have said that I could find nothing in my record
in respect to Gerson, or any letter or any action of mine iii respect
to it, and I have no recollection of anything except the Gerson con-
troversy itself, which I remember, but the thing that seems to me
extrao7-dinary is that if my memory is right, that Gerson incident was
in 1937 and this is dated 1944. It may not be a very good paper, but
news 7 years old seems a little stale. I would suspect it.
Senator Hickenlooper. I don't know. Judge. You are the one
who either has the recollection or does not have the recollection, and
I am merely asking whether you have any recollection or whether
you did sign such a letter or not.
Miss Kenyon. I have no recollection, and this seems to me in-
credible.
Senator Hicklenlooper. I have heard that term before.
Miss Kenyon. I did not mean to plagiarize.
STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IXVEIST I CATION 193
Senator Hickenlooper. In spite of the general sentiment, there is
no monopoly on the term.
Miss Kexyox. It is like "warmonn:erino;.-'
Senator Hiokeni.oopek. Now I have a photostat of an alleged news
story in the Daily Worker of February 21, 1940, in which your name
appears as the signer of a ])rotest to President Roosevelt and Attorney
(teneral Jackson, protesting the attacks upon the Veterans of the
Abraliam Lincoln Brigade and condemning the war hysteria now
being whipped up by the Koosevelt administration. I show you the
photostat. I have no knowledge of it whatsoever.
Miss Kexyon. Thank you ver}^ much. I have already commented
on that. I will just take a look at it now.
So far as I know, I have already referred to this, to say that I
have absolutely no recollection of having done anything of the sort,
and I will say this time it is simply preposterous in relation to my
record, which was almost that of warmongering at that time. It is
undoubtedly a complete and absolute falsehood.
Senator Hickenlooper. I take it that you are quite positive that
you did not sign such a protest ?
Miss IvEXYON. I am as positive as I can be.
Senator Hickexlooper. The National Citizens Political Action
Committee. Do you recall that organization?
]\Iiss Kenyon. I believe that that was the organization of which
Sidney Ilillman was the head, and I was very happy to be a member
of the PAC. I regarded him as a great labor leader and a great citi-
zen and American. I don't need to look at the documentation on that,
Mr. Chairman.
Senator Hickenlooper. You well remember that organization?
Miss Kenyon. Quite.
Senator Hickenlooper. I have a photostat here of a page of the
Daily Worker of February 10, 1944, headed "American women leaders
greet colleagues in U. S. S. R."
INIiss Kenyon. Has that a picture of Dorothy Thompson in the
middle of the page ^
Senator Hickenlooper. It has a picture of Miss Thompson.
Miss Kenyon. I remember that very well indeed. I am proud to
say I did send greetings along with Dorothy Thompson and a lot of
other fine women to the brave women of Russia, who at that time were
our allies and were putting up a wonderful fight. Dorothy Thomp-
son and I both remember it very well, and we are very proud of the
fact that we did it.
Senator Hickenlooper. That was at the National Council of So-
viet-American Friendship; is that true?
Miss Kenyon. L don't know anything about that. We just sent
greetings as individuals. I did not belong to that organization.
Senator Hickenlooper. You did not?
Miss Kenyon. No. I understood we Avere invited as individuals to
join in a Christmas greeting and we did — a lot of us. I think Mrs.
Ogden Reid, of the Herald Tribune, was on it too.
Senator Hickenlooper. I believe j^ou recall the Political Prisoners
Bail Fund Committee in your State ; do you not?
Miss Kenyon. Yes, Senator. I have very little recollection of it
myself. I mostly got it from Mr. Baldwin.
194 STATE DEPARTMENl EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IN^EISTIGATION
Senator Hickenlocper. I have here an alleged photostatic copy of
a letterhead dated January 18, 1935, of the Political Prisoners Bail
Fund Committee, 154 Nassau Street, room l!^00. New York City, and
your name is printed on the side of this alleged photostat as one of
the sponsors. Is that correct ?
Miss Kenyon. I believe so; yes, Mr. Baldwin's name appears
there as trustee; is that correct ?
Senator Htckenlcoper. Mr. Baldwin is the first named as trustee.
Miss Kenyon. Perha])S I had better look at it.
Yes, that is the one. I see Hej^wood Broun's name there too.
Senator Hickenlooper. How long were you a member of that or-
ganization?
Miss Keistyon. It died in lOol or 1935. This must have been its
death agony, I guess. That is vrhat Mr. Baldwin told me. I have
no recollection of it.
Senator Hickenlooper. You are not a member of it at this time?
Miss Kenyon. It liquidated 15 years ago. Senator.
Senator Hickenlooper. It was cited as subversive and Communist
June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948. It was called a legal arm of
the Connnunist Party by Attorney General Francis Biddle, accord-
ing to the Congressional Eecord of September 24, 1942. It was cited
as 'Tt is essentially the legal defense arm of the Communist Party of
the United States'' by the Special Connnittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, reports, January 3, 1939; also cited in reports, January 3, 1910,
and March 29, 1944, and again by the Congressional Committee on
Un-American Activities in 1947. I have no knowledge as to whether
or not it is still in existence, Init those are the citations.
Miss Kenyon. Senator, I believe you have confused it with the
International Labor Defense. I think what you have been reading
about is the record of the International Labor Defense, with which
I never had anything to do, and it was, so far as 1 know, the arm of
the Connnunist Part3\
Senator Hickenlooper. The Political Prisoners Bail Fund Com-
mittee is alleged to be a subsidiary of the International Labor Defense,
which has been characterized as I have just given you by those reports.
Miss Kenyon. Yes, but I gave you Roger Baldwin's report, which
is to the contrary, and there is no evidence that it is a subsidiary that
I know of, and I have Mr. Baldwin's statement to the contrary. That
is the best I can do in respect to that. Senator.
So far as I am concerned, I have forgotten every single thing
about it.
Senator Hickenlooper. I have a photostat of a letter headed
"Lawyers Committee on American Relations With Spain." This is
dated March 5, 1938. Your name is carried on th-e photostat, appar-
ently in a list of members. At the bottom of the list it says " (partial
list)."
Miss Kenyon. Will you give me the name again? I think I have
covered it.
Senator Hickenlooper. Lawyers Committee on American Rela-
tions With Spain.
Miss Kenyon. Yes, I covered that and said that I belonged to that.
That was in 1938-39, and the purpose of that was, we were working
to get the embargo against the Government of Spain lifted. If you re-
STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY INVESTIGATION 195
call tlie situation at that time, the policy of nonintervention 1 believe
was in effect, and was })racticed by everybody except Hitler and
Mussolini, and I have a oood deal of goocl conipany in that list. I
also could not fiiul that orounization on any subversive list. It must
have <»one out of existence.
Senator Hickexlooi'kk. I believe you will find that it was cited by
the Sj^ecial Committee on Un-American Activities, report. March lO,
l'.)44. i)a<res l(iS-109. as "When it was the policy of the Connnunist:
Pai'ty to or<;anize much of its main pro]ia<::anda around the civil war
in Spain" the above "Connnunist lawyers" front or<^anization" sup-
ported this movement.
It was cited as a Communist front. I believe, by the California
Connnittee on Un-American Activities, in their report, 1948, page 835.
Cited, I believe, also by the Xew York City Council connnittee in-
vestigating the municipal civil service commission.
Miss Kenyox. I have told you that I was a member of it in 1939,
for that one specific purj)ose. There are a great many very fine Amer-
ican citizens also included on that list. I had no knowledge Avhat-
soever that it was Connnunist at the time, and I am not sure of it yet..
I have had nothing to do with it since 1939.
Senator HicKEXLoorER. It is not in existence, so far as you know,
at this time^
Miss Kexyox. I understood it was formed for that one purpose, and
then it went out of existence.
Senator Hk'kexi.ooper. I have a photostatic copy of an alleged
political advertisement in the New York Times of October 9, 1944,.
entitled "An Open Letter to Gov. Thomas E. Dewey"' in connection
with the Morris U. Schappes" conviction and asking the Governor to
pardon Mr. Schappes. Your name is listed in this alleged photostat
of the advertisement as one of the signers of the open letter.
Miss Kexyox. I covered that in my statement. I will be very glad
to look at it.
Senator Hickexlooper. I think there is a pencil mark right there
at your name.
Aliss Kexyox. I have absolutely no recollection of that whatever,
Senator. That is one of the matters which I tried to see if I could
find something on to refresh my recollection. I found absolutely
nothing. I remember a long debate in regard to this Schappes case,
and I think the American Civil Liberties Union had the matter
under advisement in respect to a number of possible aspects of civil
liberties in connection with the matter. Of course, in connection
with civil liberties, as you know, we are always having cases come
befoi-e us where it is charged that there has been some violation of"
civil liberties, and it is one of the basic tenets of the American Civil
Liberties Union that every person is entitled to civil liberties, even
if we hate his ideas.
I have no recollection of this or or myself having taken any action:
whatsoever. If I did take any action,' it would have been entirely
because of some civil liberties question which I believed was involved.
Frankly. I don't think I took any action at all. I think I just chewedi
the i-ag the way a lot of others dicl.
Senator Hickexlooper. Then, the inclusion of your name in that
advertisement as one of the sponsoi-s was entirely without youi- consent
or a])i)roval ; would you say?
196 STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY INVESTIGATION
Miss Kenyon. No, I can't be sure of that. I simply say I cannot
remember. If it was included, it was only included because of some
civil liberties aspect of the matter so far as I was concerned, but I
have no recollection. -^ i u
Senator HiciiENLOOPER. The Schappes Defense Committee has been
listed by the Special Committee on Un-American Activities m its re-
port of March 29, 1944, as a front organization with a strictly Com-
munist objective, namelv, the defense of a self-admitted Communist
who was convicted of perjury in the courts of New York. It was
listed as a front organization, I am informed, by the California Com-
mittee on Un-American Activities in its report in 1948, page 55.
Miss Kenyon. Mr. Senator, I take it that you are not charging
that I was a member of that committee, but simply that I signed the
letter. Is that correct?
Senator Hickenlouper. Miss Kenyon, I am charging nothing.
Miss Kenyon. I beg your pardon.
Senator Higkenlooper. I am asking for information.
Miss Kenyon. Yes, yes. To clarify, let me say I know I never
was a member of the committee. , . . . i
Senator Hickenlooper. I do not allege that this photostat shows
any membership on anything, except it is alleged that yoii were a
signer of the so-called open letter to Gov. Thomas E. Dewey as
co'iitained in a political advertisement of that date.
Miss Kenyon. And that I may have done, although 1 doubt it.
Senator Hickenlooper. Do you recall the Washington Committee
To Lift the Spanish Embargo ? . -r • i t n « i v.
Miss Kenyon. No. I mentioned that, and I said 1 could tincl ab-
solutely nothing whatsoever about it.
Senator Hickenlooper. I have a photostatic copy ot an allegecl list
of s])onsors, I presume, of this organization: I dont know. It is
l^eaded "These Americans say : 'Lift the Embargo Against Republican
Spain ' ". It is a booklet of the Coordinating Committee to Lift
the Embargo, an auxiliary of North American Committee to Aid
Spanish Democracy. , ^_ „
Under the heading "Lawyers" is listed "Judge Dorothy Kenyon.
I^Iiss Kenyon. Well, I was fighting for that cause. I wanted the
embargo lifted. „ , . , -r <• ^ i. t^
This is one of the causes, Senator, for which I fought It says,
"These Americans say: 'Lift the Embargo Against Eepublican
Spain.' " They say they want the embargo lifted. I did.
Senator Hickenlooper. You signed that ?
Miss Kenyon. That was 1939, was it not?
Senator Hickenlooper. I believe it so.
Miss Kenyon. Yes. , , <. ^^ t „
Senator Hickenlooper. Then I have a photostat ot an alleged page
in the New York Times of January 31, 1949, entitled "An Open
Letter to the Government and the People of the United States, de-
manding that they lift the embargo now.
Miss Kenyon. You mean 1939, not 1949
Senator Hickenlooper. Did I say 1949? Im sorry; 1939. And
at the bottom of this is a list of names, in which your name appears.
I^Iiss Kenyon. I suppose that is the same thing, Senator.
Senator Hickenlooper. I don't know.
STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY INVESTIGATION 197
Miss Kenyox. There are an awful lot of bishops on this. This is
what I was for. I see some very respectable hiwyers of New York
on there. Harold Rieaehnan's name is there.
Senator HicKKM,(H.ri.:K. The AVashin«rton Committee to Lift the
fepanish Embargo, I am informed, was cited as one of a number of
front oro:anizations set up during the Spanish civil war by the Com-
nnmist Party in the United States and through which the party
carried on a great deal of agitation. That citation is by the Special
1 ommittee On Un-American Activities, report March 2!), 19^:4 padres
lo( and 138. ' i &
Cited as a Communist front bv the California Committee on Un-
American Activities, report, 11)47, page 210. according to the informa-
tion I have.
Miss Kenyon. I certainly had no idea it was Communist, and I
am sure those other Republican New York lawyers did not know it
•either.
Senator HiCKENLoorER. Can't you find any Democratic laywers
on that list ? "^
Miss Kexvox. I think my counsel will be glad to.
Senator Hickf^^looper. Here is a photostatic copy, allegedly, of
a letterhead of Films For Democracy, 342 Madison Avenue, New
1 ork-. Uisted on the side as a member of the advisory board is the
name of Dorothy Kenyon.
Miss Kexyox.' I haVe reported on that already. I will be o-lad
to see the exhibit. ^
I have absolutely no recollection. I see Stanley laacs' name here
I thought perhaps I might have made a speech before it, but I don't
know. '
Senator HicKEXLooPER. Would you sav the inclusion of your
name on the list of advisers was without ymir consent or authoriza-
tion ^
Miss Kexyox. Xo. I wouldn't know. I wouldn't have any idea
about It. This was m 1938, and I couldn't tell vou about th'at. I
Have no recollection whatever. I should have thought that I had
perha])s made a speech before the group.
Senator Hickexlooper. And from that they put your name on
the list { ^ 1. ./
Miss Kexyox. They might very well have. I am inclined to think
tliat they did m a number of cases.
I see Senatoi- Capper here. I think I had some good company,
and it It was Communist then. I certainly did not know^ it
Senator Hickexlooper. I might suggest that on some of these lists
you nad some very bad company as well as good company
Miss Kenyox. You are quite correct. We know that now. We
dul not all knoAv as much then.
Senator Hickexlooper. I am not reading any other names on
^r- T^ -^^^ ^^ '^ matter th.-it concerns you. Judge Kenyon
Miss Kexyox. Yes, I understand. Senator.
Senator Hickexlooper. Films for Democracy was cited as a
Communist-front organization by the Special Committee on Un-
American Activities, report INIarch 2!), 1944, and as a Communist Front
organization which merged with another front. Film Audiences to
become Film Audiences for Democracy. It w^s cited in the year
198 STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY INVEISTIGATION
1939 by the California Committee on Un-American Activities, report
of 1948, according to the information I have.
Miss Kexyox. I also referred to that in my statement, saying that
1 had absolutely no record of it or memory of it. I take it from
wliat you say that one was merged with the other.
Senator Hickenloopek. I doivt know. I am merely quoting from
the report. ^ . ,
Miss Kenyon. And the letterhead on which my name appears was
dated, as you say, January 5, 1938 ? r ^aoo
Senator Hickenlooper. There is a date, January o, 1-J6b.
Miss Kenyon. Yes. , . <• ^- xi
Senator Hickenlooper. Later, according to the information 1 have,
it was merged with another organization to become an organization
known as Film Audiences for Democracy, m 1939.
Miss Kenyon. That I know nothing about. . ..^ -p
Senator Hickenlooper. I have an alleged photostat of a letter ot
Film \udiences for Democracy, 342 Madison Avenue, iSew York, i
do not have the date on this one, but on the advisory board, on the
side of this letterhead, is the name of Dorothy Kenyon. Ihat is the
merged organization.
Miss Kenyon. I know nothing whatever about it.
Senator Hickenlooper. I take it, then, that your name was put on
there without your consent or approval. , , •, ^
Miss Kenyon. I have no recollection, Senator, whether it was or not.
I doubt that I ever had anything to do with it, but I cannot be sure.
I have led a reasonably full life, and this was a long time ago.
Senator Hickenlooper. Then you might have been a member ot
this ^
Miss Kenyon. It is possible I might have, but if I did I will repeat
again that I had no ideas that it was Communist then, and 1 haven t
anv idea what it is now. , ^^ , .
Senator Hickenlooper. The Special Committee on Un-American
-ictivities, in their report of INIarch 29, 1944, cited it as a Communist
front I have the citation book here if there is any question about
the citation. And the California Committee on Un-American Activ-
ities, in its report in 1948, said ^'The (^ommunist fronts, Film Audi-
ences and Films for Democracy, merged in 1939 to form a new front,
Film Audiences for Democracy.''
I am told the New York City Council Committee Investigating tlie
Municipal Civil Service Commission cited it as "an organization ot
Communist complexion." -,.-,, - r^ v^-
Do you remember whether you canvassed the American Committee
for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom ?
Miss Kenyon. I think we discussed that previously, did we noU
Yes, that's right. I have mentioned it, you have it, I mentioned it,
and' nov,' von mention it again. . ,, ^ • +• »
Senator Hickenlooper. Were you a member of that organization ?
Miss Kenyon. I told vou that I, in 1940, accepted membership in
an ad hoc Citizens Committee to Promote Free Public Education. 1
have never heard of it since.
That is the one which had all of the college presidents on it, it
you will recall.
STATE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE LOYALTY INVESTIGATION 199
Senator Hickenlooper. There was a meetino-, I am told, according
(o this photostat which 1 have here and which 1 will hand you,
>|H)nsoro(l, I believe, by that organization on April lo, 11)40, and under
the heading "Tliese people sponsored this meeting'' is the name of
Dorothy Kenyon.
Miss Kf.xyon. 1 have no recollection, but I may have.
Senator IIickexloopeh. Vou would not say that you did not ? You
would not positively state that you did not sponsor it i
JNIiss Kenyon. That meeting^
Senator Hickenloopeu. That particidar meeting.
Miss Kenyon. I may have. It was, 1 believe, in that same year
that 1 was accepting membership on this committee. It would not be
inconsistent if I did. I repeat that I had no idea at that time that it
was Connnunist. 1 saw Alvin Johnson's name there, and I am sure
he did not think it was Connnunist either.
Senator Hickenlooper. It was cited by the Special Committee
on Un-American Activities in its report for June 15, 1942, and also
on ^larch '29. 1944. as a C\)mnuniist front which defended Commu-
nist teachers. The California Conunittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, in its report in 1948, says :
This Communist front was establislied on Lincoln's birthday in 1939. The
activities of this group were always in l)ehalt of comnmnisni. It has followed
the Communist Party line as it switclied and squirmed in support of tlie foreign
policy of Soviet Russia.
It was cited as subversive and un-American b}^ the Special Sub-
connnittee of the House Committee on Appropriations report, April
2i, 1943.
1 ha^e a photostat, allegedly, of the letterhead of the Citizens'