40
10
4
5
2
4
7
3
50
30
41
35
35
19
5
23
99
65
57
66
10th Pennsylvania Reserves
llth Pennsylvania Reserves
12th Pennsylvania Reserves
Total Third Brigade
4
29
16
156
82
287
Artillery.
Capt. DUNBAR R. RANSOM.
1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, Battery A
1
4
3
1
1
2
4
18
21
1
1
7
23
34
2
1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, Battery G
5th IT. 8. Artillery, Battery C
"~i
8
Total artillery
8
4
44
i
9
66
Total Reynolds division . .
4 62 37 362 2 209
676
Total Third Army Corpst i 47~j 548 18?"; 2, CC6 ; 38 | 1, 983 | 5.469
* No loss reported. \ Temporarily attached to Third Corps, Army of Virginia.
I See note to Fourth Brigade, Second Division.
CHAP. XXTV.]
CAMPAIGN IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA.
257
Eeturn of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the
operations August IQ-Septemler 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
|-
%
j
Enlisted men.
i
O
Enlisted men.
1
I
EESEKVE CORPS.
Brig. Gen. SAMUEL D. STURGIB.
Piatt s Brigade.
Brig. Gen. A. SANDERS PIATT.
86th New York
13
3
1
1
66
16
38
7
118
27
63d Indiana Companies ABC and D
Total Piatt s brigade
16
2
82
7
3
45
37
20
10
145
44
23
10
2d Now York Heavv Artillery ....
New York Light Artillery, llth Battery
1st New York Light Art y, detachment Bat y C.
Total Reserve Corps*
16
2
92
112
222
23
2,087
304
5,469
222
8,103
2
120
52
45
RECAPITULATION.
General Headquarters
====
1
1,308
77
2,666
92
2
15
12
38
20
416
189
1,983
112
First Army Corps
16
279
23
548
16
53
3
187
2
Third Army Corps
47
Reserve Corps ..*.
Total Army of Virginia
63
866
245
4,144
67
^=
1
2,720
"
AKMY OF THE POTOMAC.
THIRD ARMY CORPS.
Maj. Gen. SAMUEL P. HEDTCZELMAN.
FIRST DIVISION.
(I.) Maj. Gen. PHILIP KEARNY.t
(2.) Brig. Gen. DAVID B. BIKNEY.
Staff
1
First Brigade.
Brig. Gen. JOHST C. ROBINSON.
63d Pennsylvania ... ...
==
"
11
8
6
15
6
3
6
5
88
32
35
105th Pennsylvania
1
1
20th Indiana
Total First Brigade
2
24
11
155
25
28
15
17
2
28
16
217
84
114
119
38
147
124
3
Second Brigade.
(1.) Brig. Gen. DAVID B. BIRNEY.
(2.) Col. J. H. HOBARTWARD.
3d Maine . .
1
.....
2
......
4
14
17
2
12
6
...
1
3
7
7
51
83
80
28
100
94
3
4th Maine
1st New York
38th New York
1
40th New York . . .
101st New York
Total Second Brigade
1
55
20
439
8
106
629
* Only such organizations of the Reserve Corps as were engaged with the enemy are given.
17 R R YOL XII, PT H
258 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV.
Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. Jolni Pope, during the
operations August ^-September 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
Aggregate.
Officers.
.2
Is
H
I
Enlisted men.
Officers.
Enlisted men.
Third Briga.de.
Col. ORLANDO M. POB.
37th New York
3
2
3
93
6
3
19
11
139
6
178
1
1
23
16
G
15
2d Michigan - .. .......
1
7
3d Michigan
1
Total Third Brigade . .
25
8
107
1
37
Artillery.
1st Rhode Island Light Artillery Battery E
2
2
1
1st United States Battery K
1
Total artillery
2
1
3
Total First Division
F68~
30
7
25
26
14
4 106
39
702
83
63
75
60
30
10
1,029
SECOND DIVISION.
Maj. Gen. JOSEPH HOOKEE.
First Brigade.
Brig. Gen. CUVIEE GBOVER.
2
14
5
7
17
4
4
3
4
4
3
133
78
113
110
53
1st Massachusetts .... ..
11 th Massachusetts
2
2
2
16th Massachusetts
1
26th Pennsylvania ... ..... .............
Total First Brigade
8
47
18
311
1
102
487
Second Brigade.
Col. NELSON TAYLOR.
Staff
2
2
28
114
37
50
98
70th New York
1
18
5
8
8
2
5
2
4
9
15
62
23
36
59
10
27
7
71st New York
2
72d New York
73d New York
2
3
74thNewYork
19
Total Second Brigade
7
40
22
195
2
63
329
83
52
105
36
78
39
Third Brigade.
Col. JOSEPH B. CARR.
2d New York
11
4
18
2
5
4
6
2
2
......
4
55
33
48
19
53
14
11
10
36
13
17
17
5th New Jersey
2
1
1
1
6th New Jersey
7th. New Jersey ... ...........................
1
1
5.15th Pennsylvania
Total Third Brigade
4
19
44
16
222
3
<F
16~
104
269~
43T
393
1,209
2,238
Total Second Division ...................
131
56
728
Total Third Army Corps ......
23
237
95
1,430
CHAP. XXIV.]
CAMPAIGN IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA.
259
Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the
operations August IQ-September 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
j
Officers.
Enlisted men.
j
|
|
W
FIFTH ARMT CORPS.
Maj. Gen. FITZ JOHN POBTEB.
FIRST DIVISION.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE "W. MORELL.
First Brigade.
Col. CHARLES W. ROBERTS.
2d Maine
1
3
5
31
3
5
70
101
16
29
95
169
18th Massachusetts
22d Massachusetts*
13th New York
3
27
4
71
6
10
13
29
115
,3
25th New York
1st Michigan
7
26
6
108
2
Total First Brigade
14
89
18
==
356
_______
2
97
576
Second Brigade.*
Brig. Gen. CHARLES GRIFFIN.
9th Massachusetts
32d Massachusetts
14th New York
6?d Pennsylvania
4th Michigan
Total Second Brigade
Third Brigade.
(1.) Brig. Gen. DANIEL BUTTERFIELD.!
(2.) Col. HEXRY S. LANSING (sick).
(3.) Col. HENRY A. WEEKS (wounded).
(4.) Col. JAMES C. BICE.
12th New York..
15
17
5
12
13
===
6
9
6
2
3
57
101
42
70
61
1
64
53
18
10
16
143
183
71
97
96
17th New York
3
44th New York
83d Pennsylvania
2
3
1
16th Michigan!
Total Third Brigade
8
62
5
26
3
331
38
2
1
==
161
590
61
Sharpshootert.
1st United States
14
ArtiUery.
Massachusetts Light Artillery, 3d Battery (C) . .
1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Battery C
3
1
4
2
5th United States, Battery D
2
Total Artillery
5
730~
1
8
Total First Division... .
iff
156"
==
47
5
273
1,233
* Not in action.
t Commanded First and Third Brigades in hattle August 30.
1 Includes Brady s company sharpshooters.
No loss reported.
260
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MB. [CHAP. XXIV.
Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded ly Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the
operations August 16-Septemoer 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
Aggregate.
1
j
1
o
j
o
Enlisted men.
SECOND DIVISION.
Brig. Gen. GKOUGE Srexs.
First Brigade.
Lieut CoL ROBEBT C. BUCHANAH.
8d United States
5
3
4
2
1
15
13
32
91
30
.. .
25
1
5
23
11
47
18
42
129
49
4th United States
12th United States First Battalion
1
14th United States, First Battalion
14
3
1
4
14th United States Second Battalion . .
1
Total First Brigade .
2
==
29
1
8
181
65
285
Second Brigade.
Lieut. Col. WILLIAM CHAPMAN.
6
4
7
6
11
74
41
12
32
48
2d United States
1
1
6
1
1
3
63
26
11
15
34
1
8th United States
10th United States
llth United States .
4
5
13
9
17th United States
Total Second Brigade
1
18
4
155
163
63
1
39
218
Third Brigade.
CoL G. K. WASREN.
5th New York...
3
1
76
22
7
2
""2"
48
25
297
115
10th Mew York
Total Third Brigade .. . . .
4
98
9
226
2
73
=====
412
AftSUtry.
Capt. STEPHEN H. WEED.
1st United States Batteries E and G*
5th United States, Battery I
2
2
1
5th United States, Battery K
1
Total artillery
1
2~
3
Total Second Division...
8
so"
===;
145
soT
21
68
2
564
3
177
918
Total Fifth Army Corps
1,294
8
-
450
2,151
2
132
130
64
11
SIXTH AKMT CORPS.
FIKST DIVISION.
Firtt Brigade.)
Brig. Gen. GEOBQE W. TAYLOR.
Staff
1
46
55
11
5
.....
85
61
50
5
2d New Jersey ... . .
1
7
3
3
1
4th New Jersey
Total
1
8
9
117
3
201
339
* No loss reported.
t No other troops of the Sixth Corps were in action during this campaign.
CHAP. XXIV.]
CAMPAIGN IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA.
261
Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded ly Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the
operations August Id-September 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
"Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
4f
1
Enlisted men.
j
O
1
|
A
RECAPITULATION.
23
30
1
237
301
8
95
68
9
1,430
1,294
117
16
8
3
437
450
201
2,238
2,151
839
Fifth Army Corps ...........
54
546
172
2,841
27
1,088
4,728
1
153
78
NINTH ARMY CORPS.
FIRST DIVISION.
Brig. Gen. ISAAC I. STEVENS.*
Staff
1
First Brigade.
CoL BENJAMIN C. CHRIST.
-
=
13
12
, 19
10
3
1
116
55
2
8th Michigan
Total First Brigade
29
4
==
1
11
171
=
15
106
2
25
231
Second Brigade.
Col. DANIEL LEASURE.
46th New York t
1
3
4
12
2
8
23
140
100th Pennsylvania
Total Second Brigade
4
2
16
12
4
5
121
184
74
10
12
16
163
234
105
Third Brigade.
Col. ADDISON FABNSWORTH (wounded).
28th Massachusetts
1
1
31
9
79th New York
Total Third Brigade
2 40
9
258
2
28
339
*
Artillery.
Massachusetts Light Artillery, 8th Battery 1
2d U. S. Artillery Battery E
3
10
13
Total artillery .1
| 3
10
13
Total First Division .. ...
7
88
25
560
4
63~
68
55
56
747
SECOND DIVISION.
Maj. Gen. JESSE L. RBNO.
First Brigade.
Col. JAMES NAGLB.
6th New Hampshire
3
1
1
27
24
20
9
2
2
108
74
64
2
.....
217
156
145
48th Pennsylvania
2d Maryland
Total First Brigade...
5
71
13
246
4
179
518
Killed September 1. t Only five companies in action. } No loss reported.
Also in command of all the troops of the Ninth Corps with Pope s army.
262
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV.
Eeturn of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the
operations August IQ-September 2, 1862, inclusive Continued.
Command.
Killed.
"Wounded.
Captured or
missing.
Aggregate.
I
1
I
1
H
I
j
Second Brigade.
Col. EDWAKD FEBBEBO.
21st Massachusetts
3
19
10
1
5
86
57
8
3
37
22
7
153
89
16
Slat New York
51st Pennsylvania
Total Second Brigade
T
30
5
151
3&T
957
7
42
3
66
245~
308~
24
17
958
776
1,523
Total Second Division
8
101
18
7
Total Ninth Army Corps
15
189
43
11
KANAWHA DIVISION (detachment),
llth Ohio...
1
1
33
73
12th Ohio ^.
1*.
30th Ohio *
36th Ohio*
Total .
14
1
49
1
41
106
GRAND RECAPITULATION.
Army of Virginia
63
54
15
866
546
189
14
245
172
43
1
4,144
2,841
957
49
67
27
11
1
2,720
1,088
308
41
8,105
4,728
1,523
106
Army of the Potomac
Ninth Army Corps
Kanawha Division (detachment) . . .
Grand total
132
1,615
461
7,991
106
4,157
14, 462
* No loss reported.
No. 2.
RepoM of Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel, U. 8. Army, commanding First Corps,
Army of Virginia, of operations along the Ra/ppdhannock and the battles
of Groveton and Bull Run.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF VIRGINIA,
Near Fort De Kalb, Va., September 16, 1862.
COLONEL : I have the honor to submit the following reports :
1. OPERATIONS PREVIOUS TO THE BATTLES OF THE 29TH AND 30TH
AUGUST.
After the battle of Cedar Mountain, the retreat of the First Corps
from the Eapidan behind the Eappahannock, and the several engage
ments of that corps near Eappahannock Station, Freeman s Ford, and
CHAP. XXIV.] CAMPAIGN IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA 263
Sulphur Springs, we advanced to Waterloo Bridge ou the same day we
had takeu possession of Sulphur Springs on the 24th August. The
brigade of General Milroy occupied a position on the north side of the
bridge, extending his line of sharpshooters along the shore of the river.
The main body of the corps was encamped between the bridge and Sul
phur Springs and behind it the corps of Major-General Banks and
General Reno s division. The enemy had advanced from Rappahan-
nock Station along the south side of the river in a line parallel with the
route taken by our troops, and was trying to cross at the above-named
ford (Freeman s) and the bridges at Sulphur Springs and Waterloo.
On the night of the 24th of August his camp-fires extended from Water
loo Bridge to Jefferson Village, a distance of 4 or 5 miles, his main force,
of about 30,000 men, occupying the latter point.
Early on the morning of the 25th a sharp skirmish commenced at the
(Waterloo) bridge, which was reported to me by General Pope to have
been destroyed by General Buford, but which was found on our arrival
in good order and strongly defended by the enemy. While we were
taking position on the north side the enemy began to break up his camp
at Jefferson and to mass his troops on the south side of the bridge. By
noon twenty-eight regiments of infantry, six batteries, and several regi
ments of cavalry of the enemy had arrived and taken their position. I
had the night before given notice of the enemy s strength and move
ments to Major-General Pope, and now again informed him of the posi
tion of affairs, as the disposition he had made of our forces was evidently
based on the supposition that the enemy would force the passage of the
river between Bealeton and Waterloo Bridge. In the mean time I had
been directed to march to Fayetteville and form part of the center of
the army, to be arrayed in a line extending from Waterloo Bridge to
Bealeton Station.
In accordance with this order General Milroy should have been re
lieved in the morning by a brigade of General McDowell. Another
brigade of the Third Corps (McDowell s) had to inarch to Sulphur
Springs. In the forenoon of the same day General Eoberts, of Major-
General Pope s staff, delivered to me a verbal order to hold my position
at Waterloo Bridge under all circumstances and to meet the enemy if
he should try to force the passage of the river, and that General Mc
Dowell would be on my right, with the cavalry brigade of General Bu
ford, and General Banks on my left.
Soon afterward I received intelligence that a large force of the
enemy s cavalry had crossed on my right and was moving toward
Orleans, and that another force had crossed on my left, at Sulphur
Springs, and taken possession of that place. I immediately ordered
General Beardsley, with the Ninth New York Cavalry and four mount
ain howitzers, to Sulphur Springs, to shell the enemy out of the place,
which he did. The rest of my cavalry, consisting of three companies
of the First Virginia and two of the First Maryland, I ordered toward
Orleans, for the purpose of protecting my right flank. Meanwhile
cannonading was kept up near the bridge, and frqm all indications I
supposed that the enemy would avail himself of the opportunity to
make a combined attack against my position. I therefore sent to the
left to find Generals Banks and Eeno, and to the right to look after
General McDowell s troops, especially the cavalry brigade, and was
not a little astonished to learn that Generals Banks and Reno were, by
orders of General Pope, on their march to Bealeton, and that no troops
could be found on my right except the cavalry brigade of General
Buford, which was encamped 4 miles behind us on the Warrenton
264 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXIV.
road. To confuse matters still more I received a dispatch from Gen
eral McDowell, one section of it directed to Major-General Banks,
asking for news from his corps, and the other directed to myself,
informing me that I would join my pontoon train at Fayetteville. I
sent this dispatch to General Banks, and requested him to furnish me
with what information he could, so that, in the absence of instructions,
I might be enabled to direct my movements properly. I also sent to
Generals Pope and McDowell, at Warren ton, for an explanation and
for orders, but General Pope had left for Warrenton Junction, and
General McDowell did not furnish me with any instructions.
It was now nearly sunset, and my situation exceedingly critical
Threatened on my right and left flank ; an army of 30,000 menacing my
front and separated from me only by a shallow river, fordable at many
points for infantry as well as cavalry and artillery ; no supporting force
within 8 or 10 miles I supposed that it was not really the intention of
the commanding general to leave me in this position. I was corrob
orated in my opinion by the answer of General Banks, who advised me
to march to Fayetteville, and by the fragmentary paper saying that I
would find my pontoon train at that point. Considering all this I re
solved to march to Fayetteville at night, and made my preparations
accordingly, although I did not believe in the correctness of the whole
plan.
Just at the moment when my troops were about to move one of my
officers returned with an order of General Pope, directing me to march
to Warrenton and to encamp there. I put my troops in motion in
compliance with this order and cautiously withdrew from Waterloo
Bridge, as I had not a single company of cavalry to cover my retreat.
Before withdrawing, however, I ordered the destruction of the bridge,
which was accomplished, under the direction of General Milroy, after
much exertion and some loss of life.
At 2 o clock next morning (August 26), as I was entering Warren
ton with my rear guard, I received another order from General Pope,
through General McDowell, directing me to "force the passage of the
Waterloo Bridge at daylight." As this was a matter of impossibility,
the troops having marched the whole night on a very inconvenient
road, I reported to Major-General Pope this fact, and received orders
to stay at Warrenton.
During the day I ascertained that the enemy was marching by
Thoroughfare Gap to Mauassas, and on the following night that his
main army was encamped at White Plains, the advance guard east of
Thoroughfare Gap and the rear at Orleans. This news was brought
in by all the scouts sent out by me, with some cavalry, to Bperryville,
Salem, and Gainesville, and was immediately communicated by tele
graph to Major-General Pope. It was also reported to me that the
enemy was moving during the night (Tuesday); that Jackson would
be in Manassas next day (Wednesday), and that Longstreet had not
yet joined him, but was 2 miles from Salem at noon on Wednesday,
the 27th.
In view of these facts I proposed to General McDowell, to whose
command the First Corps had been attached since its arrival at Water
loo Bridge, to concentrate our forces at Gainesville, and thereby sepa
rate Longstreet s troops from those of Jackson, taking the enemy at
Manassas in the rear, and by forcing him to evacuate Manassas effect
a junction with the army of General McClellan. This movement was
executed.
On the morning of the 27th the First Corps left Warrenton for Buck-
CHAP. XXIV.] CAMPAIGN IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA 265
land Bridge, on the road to Gainesville, with directions to take posses
sion of the bridge, and thereby open the road to Gainesville. The
brigade of Brigadier-General Milroy advanced rapidly toward the
bridge, and drove the enemy, who was stationed there with some cav
alry and artillery, back toward Gainesville, while the pioneers repaired
the bridge, which had been set on fire and partially destroyed by the
enemy. In a short time the whole of General Milroy s brigade had
passed the river and pressed forward against Gainesville, making on
their way about 150 prisoners. \ now ordered General Schurz to pass
the river and follow General Milroy and to take position behind him.
The division of General Schenck also crossed the river, and the infantry
brigade of General Stein wehr remained in reserve at the bridge. Such
was the position of the First Corps on the evening of the 27th.
During the night General McDowell s corps arrived at Buckland
Mills, and I received orders at 3 o clock in the morning to march to
Manassas and to take a position, with my right resting on the railroad
leading from Warrenton Junction to Manassas Junction; so, at least,
I understood the order.
On this march our cavalry, sent out to the left in the direction of
Groveton, was shelled by the enemy, about 1J miles distant from the
road on which we marched; and, besides this, an artillery engagement
began between the corps of General McDowell and the enemy. I im
mediately halted, ordered the whole corps to counter-march, and formed
in order of battle on the heights parallel with the Centreville-Gaines-
ville road. The enemy s infantry and cavalry pickets were about 300
yards from our line, and our skirmishers had already advanced against
them, when, on a report made to General McDowell, I received orders
to march forthwith to Manassas Junction. I reluctantly obeyed this
order, marched off from the right, and was within 2J miles from Ma
nassas, when our cavalry reported that Manassas was evacuated by the
enemy, and that General Kearny was in possession of that point. As
I was sure that the enemy must be somewhere between Centreville and
Gainesville, I asked perinis sion to march to New Market, whereupon I
was directed to march to Centreville. This order was in execution, and
the troops prepared to cross the fords of Bull Eun, when our advance
met the enemy on the road leading from New Market to Groveton and
Sudley s Ford, this side of Bull Run. About the same time I received
a report from General Pope that the enemy was concentrating at Cen
treville. Supposing that this was correct, I directed the brigades of
General Milroy and Colonel McLean to advance against the enemy this
side of Bull Eun, on the road to Sudley Springs, and left General
Stahel s brigade and General Schurz division near the fords, the latter
division facing toward Centreville.
As soon, however, as I had ascertained that Centreville was evacu
ated by the enemy I followed with these troops to assist Brigadier-
General Milroy and Colonel McLean, who, under the direction of Brig
adier-General Schenck, were briskly engaged with the left of the
enemy s forces, whose right had engaged a brigade of the Third Corps.
Our artillery advanced steadily until the darkness of night interrupted
their movements. They encamped for the night near Mrs. Henry s
farm, one regiment taking position on the Centreville-Gainesville turn
pike, the main force fronting toward Sudley Springs and Groveton.
2. BATTLE OF GROVETON, NEAR BULL EUN, ON FRIDAY, AUGUST
29, 1862.
On Thursday night, August 28, when the First Corps was encamped
266 OPERATIONS IN N. VA. } W. VA., AND MD. [CHAP. XXI v.
on the heights south of Young s Branch, near Bull Run, I received
orders to " attack the enamy vigorously" the next morning. I accord
ingly made the necessary preparations at night and formed in order
of battle at daybreak, having ascertained that the enemy was in con
siderable force beyond Young s Branch, in sight of the hills we occupied.
His left wing rested on Catharpin Ore.ek, front toward Centre ville; with