the pier or quay on Bartol's Point.

At BartoFs Island the river divides,— one branch going to the northeastward along the southeastern shores of BartoFs, and i

the other running nearly H. to a village on the western bank, half a mile above, called Bartol'i Point Village. This is the head « I

of navigation. |

DANGERS

IN APPROACHING AND ENTERING FREEPORT RIVER.

I. Cotninif from the EasHeara or Seaward, through, Broad Sound, — Vessels GOming from the

eastward and bound into Broad Sound will find a safe and convenient entrance by bringing Half- Way

Rock Light-house to bear SW. | W., a little over three miles distant, and Mark Island

Mark Is/and Monument NW. | W., and steering W. by N. J N. On this course the first danger

Ledge. met with is Mark Island Ledge, ali'eady described, (page 443,) which will be seen on the

W. by N. J N. course, bearing about NW. by W. It lies on the northern side of the

entrance, about SE. by S. f S. from Mark filand Monument, three-quarters of a mile distant, and

NE. by N. from Half- Way Rock Light-house, two miles and three-quarters distant, and is awash at

low spring tides. A bl^k spar-buoy (No. 5) marks this rock, and is placed on the western point of

the shoal as a guide for vessels using the Inside Channel through the bay. By vessels bound into

Broad Sound, however, and using the channel between this ledge and Drunker's Ledges, it must, of

course, be left to the northward.

Drunker's Ledges will be seen, on approaching Mark Island Ledge, bearing about SW. by W.
They lie SW. by S., three-quarters of a mile from the mtter, and two miles NE. by
Drunker's N. from Half- Way Rock Light-house. There are two distinct ledges, lying NW. J

Ledges. W. and SE. J E. from each other, about a quarter of a mile apart, with a deep channel ^

between them. The southeastern ledge has four feet at mean low water and two at '5

low spring tides, but the other is bare at half-ebb. Off the western end of the northwestern ledge is '

placed a spar-buoy, painted red and black in horizontal stripes. It is intended as a guide to vessels
passing E. or W. between these ledges and Half- Way Rock. Those passing between it and Mark
Island Ledge must give it a wide berth to the southward.

Eagle Island L^ge, or Eagle Island Rocky as it is sometimes called, will be seen bearing N. on

hauling to the northward to enter the Sound. It is dry at low water, and lies two

£ag/e Is/and hundred and fifty yards SE. J S. from the soutlieru end of Eagle Island. From the

Ledge. dry* rock the shoal ground extends SE. three hundred yards and E. a quarter of a

mile, with from six to eight feet at low spring tides. It has no buoy, but is not in the

way of vessels bound in or out with a fair wind.

From the southern end of Eagle Island shoal ground extends in a southwesterly direction for an
eighth of a mile, and is generally known as Eagle Island Paint. It has no buoy upon it, but one has



Digitized by



Google



FREEPOBT BIVEB. 459

been recommended. To avoid it, vessels must give the island a berth of not less than three hundred
yards to the eastward.

After passing Eagle Island there are no obstructions in the channel until you are through the Sound
and to the northward of Whaleboat Island. Then Whaleboat Ledge is met with, which
will be recc^nized by its buoy, which is a spar painted red. The ledge is three-quar- Whaleboat

ters of a mile NW. by N. J N. from the southwestern end of Whaleboat Island, and Ledge.

SW. J W., one mile from Little Whaleboat Island. It is a pinnacle rock, with seven
feet at low spring tides, and is marked by a red buoy (No. 12) placed in four fathoms on the western
side of the ledge.

The course now leads to the northward, between French Island and the Upper Green Islands,
and towards Moore's Point. On this course you will pass between two ledges, neither of which, how-
ever, is dangerous to such vessels as can pass up Freeport River, unless the tide be
low. You will also pass to the westward of Busting's Island Ledge, which lies three Basting's
hundred and fifty yards S SE. from Busting's Island, and has never less than sixteen Island Ledge.
feet at low spring tides. At mean low water it has eighteen feet, and is not buoyed.
Nearly opposite to it, on the western side of the channel, lies Moshier^s Ledge, with ten feet at mean
low water and eight at low spring tides. It lies a quarter of a mile off the eastern shore of Great
Moshier's Island, is quite bold-to on all sides, and is marked by a black spar-buoy (No. 1) placed in
five fathoms off its eastern edge.

Only three hundred and fifty yards to the northward of Moshier's Ledge will be Crab Island
seen Crab Island Ledge, a small ledge, bare at half-tide, lying on the western side of Ledge.

the channel, SE. by S. | S. from Crab Island, six hundred yards distant, and nearly
half a mile W. J S. from Busting's Island.

Flying Point Ledges are a number of ledges, some bare rocks and some bare at low water, with
numerous sunken rocks with from two to four feet at low tides, extending off from
Flying Point in a W. | S. direction for three-quarters of a mile. There are various Fl/ing Poinjt
channels between and among them, and one very good passage between them with Ledges.

eleven feet water leading into the' cove between Flying Point and Wolf's Neck.
Strangers, however, shomd not attempt these passages. These ledges are not buoyed ; — but being
generally visible, and lying on the eastern side of the channel, are not much in the way.

Four Feet Rock lies also on the eastern side of the passage, a quarter of a mile Four Feet

NW. J N. from the western end of the Flying Point Ledges, and has two feet at low Rock.

spring tides. From Moore's Point it bears SE. f E., distant half a mile ; and from
Crab Island Ledge it bears N. by E. ^ E., distant nearly three-quarters of a mile. It is not buoyed,
but is not dangerous except to vessels beating to windward.

Moore's Point Bock is a bare ledge, lying an eighth of a mile S. by E. from Moore's Point. It
is always in sight, and is of no importance; but vessels standing across to the eastward should not,
when on the southern side of Moore's Point Rock, go to the eastward of it bearing N. f W.; other-
wise they might be brought up on the flats.

Between Crab Island and Bowman's Island, on the western side of the passage, a mass of flat
grotmd extends, covering almost the entire space between Freeport Entrance and Yarmouth Entrance.
A very large part of these flate ia bare at low water. Their eastern edge extends over the range of
Bowman's and Crab islands and is tolerably bold-to. Vessels, to avoid being set on them, must not
go to the westward of the southern point of entrance to Spar Cove bearing NW. by N. | N., in range
with the extremity of Stockbridge's Point.

Freeport Upper Ledge is very improperly named. It extends from Pound of Tea Island first
SE. by S. and then SW. by S. J S., — its whole length being a quarter of a mile. Four
feet at mean low water is found on this ledge, and it is marked by a red spar-buoy Freeport Upper
(No. 2) placed in three fathoms water on the southern end of the shoal. This ledge Ledge.

is just opposite to Bowman's Island and should have been named from that island.

Passing to the westward of buoy No. 2 there will be seen ahead, and nearly a quarter of a mile
distant, a black spar-buoy. This is on Bowman's Island Ledge, which lies off Stockbridge's Point at
a distance of one hundred and seventy-five yards. It is not connected with Bowman's
Island, has four feet at mean low water, and is marked by a black spar-buoy (No. 3) Bowman's

E laced in eighteen feet water on the eastern end of the ledge. After passing this Island Ledge.
uoy (which is left to the westward) the course leads past Pound of Tea, and between
the small island NE. from it and a bare rock which Ues three hundred yards NE. from Stockbridge's
Point.

Above Stockbridge's Point the most of the passage is filled by flats bare at low water, leaving
only a narrow channel in the middle, through which eighteen feet at low water can be carried to
Strout's Point Village and ten feet up to Bartol's Point. Vessels cannot go up to Bartol's Point
Village except at high water or two-thirds flood.



Digitized by



Google



460 ATLANTIC COAST PILOT.

SAILING DIRECTIONS

FOR APPROACHING AND ENTERING FREEPORT RIVER.

I. Coming from, the Eastward, through Broad Sound, — Bring Half- Way Kock Ligbt-house tO
bear SW. | W., nearly three miles distant, and Mark Island Monument NW. | W., with seventeen
fathoms, soft bottom, and steer W. by N. J N., passing between Mark Island Ledge and Drunker^s
Ledges and carrying not less than six fathoms water. Continue this course until the centre of Eagle
Island bears N. J E. and Half- Way Rock Light-house S., with fifteen fathoms, dark green mud,
when steer N. by W. J W. for the eastern end of Stockman^s Island. On this course you \^'ill carry
nothing less than ten fathoms water. Continue it until the westernmost of the Upper Green Islands
bears N., and is seen just clear of the eastern point of Great Moshier's Island. Now, in ten fathoms, soft
bottom, and you are abreast of the northeastern end of Ministerial Island, steer N. for Upper Green Isl-
ands until abreast of the red spar-buoy on Whaleboat Ledge. (On this course there is not less than six
fathoms water.) Pass to the westward of this, and steer N. by E. for Busting's Island, carrying not
less than nine fathoms; and when midway between French Island and the Upper Green Islands,
in eight fathoms water, and the summit of Moore's Point bears N. | W., steer that course, carrying
not less than four fathoms, and leaving Crab Island Ledge well to the westward. On this course,
when past Crab Island, and Flying Point bears E. by N. f N., with four fathoms, soft bottom, steer
NW. for Stockbridge's Point, carrying four fathoms water. Leave the red spar-buoy on Freeport
Upper Ledge to the eastward, and steer N. by W. | W. up the middle of the channel, passing to the
eastward of the black spar-buoy on Bowman's Island Ledge, and continuing the course until past
Pound of Tea, when steer N NE. for four hundred yards, until the end of the long pier in Strout's
Point Village bears N. by W. J W. Now steer N. J W., and anchor off the village. Not less than
four fathoms may be taken on the above courses to the anchorage. - If bound farther up, when the
end of the long wharf before mentioned bears W. J N., about a hundred and twenty-five yards off,
the course is NE. f E. until the house on Bartol's Point bears N. by E. J E.,when steer NE. | N. for
Bartol's Island ; but no reliable sailing directions can be given above Strout's Point Village. Stran-
gers bound farther up the river should take a pilot. Four fathoms at low water may be carried up to
Strout's Point Village, ten feet at low water to Bartol's Pomt, and from ten to twelve feet at high
water up to Bartol's Point Village.

The above courses pass three hundred and fifty yards to the westward of Whaleboat Ledge; one
hundred and fifty yards to the eastward of Moshier's Ledge; seventy-five yards to the westward of
Freeport Upper Ledge buoy; and the same distance to the eastward of Bowman's Island I^edge.

II. Conting fron^ Sea, to pass to the Eastu>ard of Maif'Way Moeh and enter F*reepori Miver,'-^

Falling in with Half- Way Rock, bring it to bear NW. by E., about one mile and thrcHj-quarters
distant, and steer N. by W. J W., passing five-eighths of a mile to the eastward of the rock. Continue
this course, which will lead you into Broad Sound, (clear of all dangers, with not less than thirteen
fathoms,) until past Eagle Island and the westernmost of the Upper Green Islands bears N., and
there is ten fathoms, soft bottom, when steer for them and follow the directions given above.

III. Coming front Sea or from, the Southward, to pass to the Westward of Maif'Way Jtoefc
and enter jFreeport River, — Falling in to the southward of Half- Way Rock, bring the light to bear
N. by E. \ E., two miles off, when there will be fourteen fathoms, and it will be in range with Haskell's
Island, (western end,) and Mark Island Monument will be open a little to the eastward of it. Now
steer N. J E., passing one-third of a mile to the westward of Half- Way Rock Light-house. This
course made good, will lead safely up to French Island in not less than nine fathoms water, and will
leave the red buoy on Whaleboat Ledge one hundred and fifty yards to the westward. When between
French Island and Upper Green Islands, with Moore's Point bearing N. f W., and you are in eight
fathoms water, steer for that point and follow the directions given above.

Or, not wishing tto pass between the two Whaleboat Ledges, on the N. J E. course continue until
the middle of Eagle Island bears SE. by E. | E. and the southwestern point of Whaleboat Island N. by
E. There will be from fifteen to eighteen fathoms at this point, and you should steer N, ^ W. for the
eastern point of Great Moshier's Island, carrying not less than nine fathoms, until abreast of Whale-
boat Ledge buoy, which leave to the eastward, and steer N. by E. for Busting's Island. This oourst^



Digitized by



Google



FREEPORT BIYEB. 461

carries you up to French Island with not less than nine fathoms water. When between French Island
and the Upper Green Islands, in eight fathoms, steer N. f W. for Moore's Point, and follow the
directions for the river on page 460.

DANGERS

IN APPROACHING AND ENTERING FREEPORT RIVER.

II. Coming frtnn the We^tyjard, through IMekse's Sound, — The approaches to Freeport River
through Luckse's Sound are identical with those which lead into Maquoit and Mare Point bays, and
which are described on pages 448-449. They are: First, The Htissey, with twelve feet, lying two
miles SW. f W. from Crotcn Island, off the entrance to the Sound, and marked by a can-buoy of the
second class, painted red and black in horizontal stripes. Secondly, Orotch Island Ledge^ off the south-
western point of ('rotch Island, with three feet and not buoyed. Thirdly, The Stepping Stones, off
the southeastern shore of Long Island, which have a ledge with three feet one hundred and fifty yards
S. of them. Fourthly, Sand Island Ledge, a long bar NE. from Sand Island, marked by a black
spar-buoy. Fifthly, Stave Island Ledge, bare at low water, and marked by a black spar-buoy.
Sixthly, The Goose Nest and Goose Nest Ledges, winch are in the channel between Great Chebeag
on the north and Little Bangs and Stockman's islands on the south. Seventhly, Little Whaleboat
Ledge, three-quarters of a mile SW. from Little Whaleboat Island, and not buoyed. Eighthly,
Whaleboat Ledge, with nine feet, one mile SW. J W. from Little Whaleboat Island, and marked by
a red spar-buoy. Ninthly, Green Island Ledge, with six feet, between Upper Green Islands and
Chebeag Point, marked by a red spar-buoy ; and lastly, Chebeag Point Ledge, a shoal with three feet
at mean low water, and awash at low tides an eighth of a mile NE. from the point. It is marked by
a black spar-buoy (No. 11) placed in eighteen feet water off the northeastern end of the shoal.

SAILING DIRECTIONS

FOR APPROACHING AND ENTERING FREEPORT RTVER.

IV. Couting from, the Westward, through JLuekse's Sound, outside of everything. — When 6ff

Cape Elizabeth, in seventeen fathoms, with the easternmost light-house bearing NW. \ N., one mile and
an eighth distant, Portland Head Light-house N. f W., and Half-Way Rock Light-house NE. by E. \
E., steer NE. by N. \ N., carrying not less than nine fathoms water. This course leads between Ouler
Green Island and The Hussey. Continue it until Half-Way Rock Light-house bears SE. by E. \ E.,
seen between Inner Green Island and the sou^hweastem end of Jewell's Island. Now steer NE. \ E.,
which will lead clear of all dangers, apd in not less than five fathoms, up to Stockman's Island. When
past this island, and Busting's Island bears N. \ E., steer for it until between French Island and Upper
Green Islands, carrying not less than five fathoms. Then, when Moore's Point bears N. | W., steer for it,
and follow the directions given for the river. Or, if Busting's Island cannot be seen from off Stock-
man's Islaqd, haul up N. \ E. as soon as Half-Way Rock Light-house bears S. J E. Stockman's
Island is bold-to, and you need not fear coming too close to it. in turning.

The above courses pass about six hundred yards to the eastward of The Hussey; three hundred
and fifty yards to the westward of Whaleboat Ijcdge; and three-eighths of a mile to the eastward of
Green Island Ledge.

V. Cowting from Portland, through the White Mead JPussage. — Having COme through the
White Head Passage on an E. J S. course, bring Portland Head Light-house to bear SW. | W., (just
clear to the westward of Ram Island,) with twelve fathoms, soft bottom, and steer NE. J E. past
Peak's Island, across the entrance to Hussey's Sound, past Marsh Island and Obed's Rock, and
carrying not less than ten fathoms water. When The Stepping Stones bear NW. J W., a quarter of a
mile off, and are in range, steer NE. by N. } N. for Deer Point, carrying eight fathoms. On this
course, when the extreme southwestern point of Hope Island bears E. by S. J S. there will be nine
fathoms, soft bottom, and you must steer NE. | E. up the middle of the passage between Great
Chebeag and Hope Island. On this course you will carry not less than eighteen feet. After passing
Johnson's Cove, and you are in fifteen fathoms, with the southwestern end of Little Bangs Island
bearing SE. J E., steer NE. by N. J N., nearly for the Upper Green Islands, having them a little to
the northward of the course. On this course you will carry not less than six fathoms, and when past
these islands, with Moore's Point bearing N. | W., and you are in eight fathoms water, steer for that
point, and follow the directions for the river on page 460.



Digitized by



Google



462 ATIiANTIC COAST PFLOT.

Or, continue the course NE. | E. past Little Bangs Island^ and betwe^ The Groose Nest and
Stockman's Island, until Half- Way Rock Light-house bears S. J E., when steer N. by E. for Busting's
Island, carrying not less than eight fathoms water. On this course, when you are between French
Island and the Upper Green Islands, with eight fathoms, soft bottom, steer N. | W. for Moore's Point,
and proceed as before directed.

Or, f€hen off the southwestern end of lAttle Bangs Island, in fifteen fathoms water, and it bears
SE. \ E., steer NE. by N. f N. for Upper Green Islands, carrying not less than six fathoms water.
On this course, when the end of Chebeag Point is nearly abeam on a bearing of NW. by W., and you
are in eight fathoms, sticky bottom, steer N. for Great Moshier's Island, passing to the westward of
Green Island Ledge, and carrying not less than five fathoms water. On this course, when the highest
part of French Island bears E. by N. J N., and you are in four fathoms, soft bottom, steer NE. \ N.
for Basting's Island, in range with Flying Point. On this course there will be not less than twenty-
three feet water. When Moore's Point bears N. f W. steer for it, and follow the previous directions,
on page 460.

These courses, if the first set of directions are followed, pass a quarter of a mile to the southward
of Obed's Rock; the same distance to the southward of The Stepping Stones; four hundred yards to
the northward of Sand Island Point; a quarter of a mile to the northward of The Goose Nest; three
hundred yards to the westward of Goose Nest Ledges; and one hundnd and fifty yards to the east-
ward of Upper Green Islands. If the second set of directions arefoUowed, you will pass three hundred
and fifty yards to the westward of Whaleboat Ledge and three hundred yards to the eastward of
Upper Green Islands. ^ If the third set are followed, you will pass a quarter of a mile to the northward
of The Goose Nest; three hundred and fifty yards to the westward of Groose Nest Ledges; and a
quarter of a mile to the westward of Green Island Ledge.

INSIDE PASSAGE FROM PORTLAND HARBOR TO FREEPORT RIVER.

This 18 a very commonly used passage for coasters when wind or sea is unfavorable for an outside passage to Freeport or
Yarmouth River. Beginning at Hog Island Ledge (u]>on which the large granite fort, called Fort Georges, stands) it runs in
a northeasterly direction past Hog Island, Clapboard Island, Basket Island, Little and Great Chebeag islands, Cousin^s Island,
and between Great Chebeag and Littlejohn's islands, and joins the Lnckse's Sound channel off Chebeag Point. The whole
distance is nine miles from Breakwater Light-house to Chebeag Point, — the water being always smooth and the channel in most
places wide and deep. Fourteen feet, between Mackey's Island and Fort Georges, is the shoalest water.

On leaving the Inner Harbor of Portland and steering to the northeastwaM, you will pass one mile 8. of a round island,
almost entirely under* cultivation, but having a grove of spruce and pine on its summit (close to a group of houses) and a small

group of oak, birch, maple, &c., near the southern shore. The southern side of the island presents a some-
Maokey'S Island, what precipitous face about twenty feet above high-water mark ; and behind this the land slopes more

gently to the summit, which is forty feet high. This island is called Mackey's Island, and lies.on the eastern
side of the entrance to the Preeumpscot River, and about three-eighths of a mile from shore. It is oval in shape, — the longest
diameter (E. and W.) being half a mile and the shortest about five hundred yards. From its southern face a long bur extends

seven hundred yards in a southerly direction to a bare rock, called Half- Way Bock.
Hog Island To the southward ywi will pass a large granite fort built upon a very extensive ledge, covered at high

Ledge. water, called Hog Island Ledge, which lies three-eighths of a mile W, of Little Hog Island. The fort is

Fort Gorges, and is a pentagonal casemated work, built of granite, but uot yet completed.
Great Hog Island is the large, partly wooded and partly cleared island which lies on the southern side of this passage.
When seen from the westward or northward it is easily recognized by one half of its southern and northern faces being cleared

and under fine cultivation, with one or two small groves of ornamental trees on the slopes, two or three
Great Hog Island, orchards, and a group of houses on the hill. The cleared land is undulating, and in no place over eighty

feet high ; and the northern shores slope gently. The rest of the island is wooded with a great variety of
trees, — oak, spruce, pine, fir, hemlock, birch, elm, &c.; and the southern face presents a steep bluff appearance to a height of sixty
feet. Great Hog Island is nearly oval in shape, lies NB. and 8W., and is over a mile in length. Its northern shores are shoal
and must receive a good berth from vessels using this channel. On its northeastern face it is indented by a deep and commodious
cove, called Diamond Coye, famous as a resort for pleasure parties during the summer season.

From its extreme southwestern end Great Hog Island sends off a long and very narrow neck of sand and pyebbles, connect-
ing it with a smaller island two hundred and fifty yards to the southward of it, called Little Hog Island.
Little Hog Island. This island also lies NB. and 8W., is half a mile long, and its southern and western faces present a somewhat

precipitous slope about sixty feet high, while the northern shores have a more gentle rise. The island is
wooded with a variety of trees near the northern end, but the southern half is bare of trees and grassy.



Digitized by



Google



INSIDE PASSAGE FROM PORTLAND TO FREEPORT RIVER. 463

There is a passage between Little Hog Island and Hog Island Liedge with four &thoms at low water ; but strangers^ bow-
ever, should not attempt it.

About one hundred and seventy-five yards to the northeastward of the eastern end of Great Hog Island lies Cow Island,
small, fort J feet high, nearly three hundred yards wide, and about three- eighths of a mile long. A few
stunted firs skirt its northern face; and. seen from the westward, it is noticeable for having on its eastern Cow Island

end (which is*otherwise bare) two tall spruce trees standing close together, and appearing like a brig under
full sail. This mark distinguishes Cow Island from any other in the bay.

Three-quarters of a mile to the northeastward of Mackey's Island lie two low grassy islets, called Tbo Brotliers, N NW.
and 8 8E. from each other, about one hundred and seventy-five yards apart The northernmost one is nearly a quarter of a railo