The stand per hectare is 91.01 cubic meters or 22,752.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), yacal,
red lauan, toog, apitong, narra, guijo, pili (pagsahingin and pili),
hialaikmo, palosapis, dungon, amugis, tanguile, tamayuan, and
other miscellaneous species. These estimates apply to 20,000
hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 9.
Mactaon or Malinao Valley and Sulat, — Because of the rugged
condition of this tract, logging is difficult, but owing to the good
stand of timber, not only in quantity but in quality, it is worth
considering. Logs could be hauled either by donkey engines or
by animals to those parts of the streams suitable for rafting.
This tract is recommended for a small concession with a daily
output of about 25 cubic meters.
Sulat Bay and the port of Libas, particularly the latter, offer
good sites for sawmills.
The stand per hectare is 128.59 cubic meters or 32,147.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), tan-
guile, guijo, palomaria, yacal, almaciga, macaasim, dao, tiga, bo-
longeta, malugay, apitong, alupag, balobo, mangasinoro, narra,
and other miscellaneous species. These estimates apply to 18,000
hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 10.
Beginning from the confluence of the Balangao River, the
Borongan River may be used for transportation, but west of this
transportation is impossible, due to stream obstructions. The
rivers south of Borongan present the same difficulties.
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65
The stand of timber is fairly good, but on account of the rug-
gedness of the tract, logging is difficult. This tract should be
developed only under ordinary licenses.
The stand per hectare is 164.23 cubic meters or 41,057.5
board feet, distributed among the following species in the order
of their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), api-
tong, may apis, tanguile, mangasinoro, yacal, guijo, narra, and
other micellaneous species. These estimates apply to 10,000
hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 11.
The Suribao Valley. — In general, the basin of the Suribao
River is recommended for a concession with a daily output of
about 40 cubic meters; although the tract is somewhat rugged,
it has the advantage of being crossed by several tributaries of
the Suribao, most of which are large enough for rafting. An-
other advantage is its suitability for steam logging. A mill site
is available at Suribao, and a small railroad could be built to
transport the lumber to the port of Lalawigan at Borongan.
The stand per hectare is 87.97 cubic meters or 21,992.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance : Mayapis, apitong, yacal, lauan, tanguile, man-
gasinoro, tiga, narra, macaasim, and other miscellaneous spe-
cies. These estimates apply to 25,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 12.
Llorente and Tongkip Valleys. — There is a heavy stand of
commercial timber, but it is inaccessible owing to the rugged-
ness of the tract. The parts which may be reached and for
which the Llorente and Tongkip Rivers can be used for water
transportation would supply a small sawmill and should be de-
veloped under ordinary licenses.
The stand per hectare is 172.80 cubic meters or 43,200
board feet, distributed among the following species in the order
of their abundance : Apitong, narra, mayapis, lauan, guijo, sud-
yang, mangasinoro, yacal, palosapis, tanguile, palomaria, and
other miscellaneous species. These estimates apply to 10,000
hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 13.
Not examined.
The stand per hectare is 159.35 cubic meters or 39,837.5
board feet, distributed among the following species in the order
of their abundance : Sudyang, bansalagin, lauan, yacal, mayapis,
macaasim and other miscellaneous species. These estimates ap-
ply to 8,000 hectares.
148357 5
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66
COMPARTMENT NO. 14.
Balangiga. — This compartment is recommended only for or-
dinary licenses, due to the limited stand of timber and the diffi-
culties of transportation.
The stand per hectare is 78.39 cubic meters or 19,597.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), manga-
sinoro, tiga, yacal, guijo, agoho, sudyang, tanguile, bitanhol,
macaasim, bansalagin, mangachapuy, apitong, and other miscel-
laneous species. These estimates apply to 10,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 15.
The tract of land from Alabat Point to barrio Nouvilas may
be logged to a slight extent, as this tract should be conserved as
a protective forest. The valley of the Sohoton or Basey may be
logged on a larger scale by clear cutting on those areas which
are suitable for agriculture. Logging is rather difficult and the
Sohoton or Basey River can be used for 10 kilometers; the for-
est is dotted with clearings due to caingin making.
The stand per hectare is 84.53 cubic meters of 21,132.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Apitong, lauan, mangasinoro, mayapis, toog,
macaasim, tiga, bitanhol, banuyo, narra, ipil, catmon, and other
miscellaneous species. These estimates apply to 25,000 hec-
tares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 16.
Santa Rita and Villareal. — A few scattered areas supporting
a heavy stand of commercial species occur in this compartment,
but owiiig to the difficulties of logging, this compartment is not
suited for large operations.
The stand per hectare is 253.77 cubic meters or 63,442.5
board feet, distributed among the following species in the order
of their abundance : Lauan, yacal, apitong, mangachapuy, narig,
malanobo, nato, macaasim, amugis, malaikmo, baticulin, mo-
lave, tindalo, and other miscellaneous species. These estimates
apply to 6,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 17.
Daram and Buad Islands. — Buad Island is open in character
and supports extensive cogon areas on lands which are not fit-
ted for agriculture and which should be reforested.
Daram Island supports a few small forest areas with a heavy
stand of trees, but there are also vast cogon areas unfitted for
agricultural purposes, which should be reforested.
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67
Logging in these islands should be restricted to licenses for
local use.
The stand per hectare is 135.09 cubic meters or 33,772.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Yacal, lauan, apitong, balobo, tanguile, guijo,
palomaria, tindalo, molave, ata-ata, narra, balukanad, taluto,
dao, macaasim, and other miscellaneous species. These esti-
mates apply to 2,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 18.
Calbiga-Wright — The forests in this compartment have been
almost destroyed by caingin makers; only small areas with a
fairly good stand of trees occur, but as a whole, owing to dif-
ficulties in transportation, they are inaccessible to modern ex-
ploitation.
The Calbiga River is navigable for a boat of about 5 feet
draft to San Mauricio, but hauling logs to this place is very
difficult and can be done only by carabaos.
The stand per hectare is 170.64 cubic meters or 42,660 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), yacal,
tanguile, molave, apitong, mayapis, gubas, guijo, amugis, ma-
caasim, malaikmo, taluto, banuyo, bitanhol, oak, and other mis-
cellaneous species. These estimates apply to 8,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 19.
Catbalogan-Tarangnan, — This region is largely deforested, con-
taining only scattered stands of timber difficult of access ; most
of the territory is covered with cogon and should be reforested.
Logging should be restricted to supplying local demands.
The stand per hectare is 92.72 cubic meters or 23,180 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), manga-
chapuy, apitong, tanguile, guijo, duguan, alupag, mangasinoro,
dao, amugis, bitanhol, camagon, macaasim, bolongeta, and other
miscellaneous species-. These estimates apply to 5,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 20.
Valley of the Gdndara River and its tributaries. — Being tra-
versed by the Gandara or Matuguinao River, this territory may
be divided into two parts. The eastern part or the basin of the
Blanca River, a tributary of the Gandara, including the Mapa-
pacao, Colongcogon, and Hurao Mountains, is worth studying
for the establishment of a large lumbering enterprise; even
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68
though the tract is somewhat rugged, transportation facilities
may be established without much difficulty by rail or by aerial
cable to the Gandara and Blanca Rivers.
A good sawmill site is at the confluence of the Gandara and
Bulao Rivers. From Gandara, sawn timber may be transported
on large scows to Napalisan Island, at the mouth of the Gandara
River, where a yard could be located. Vessels of more than 15
feet draft can anchor, although exposed to the southwest mon-
soon; such vessels could find shelter in Libucan Island, about 6
kilometers south.
There are small bays along the coast between Catbalogan and
Calbayog, but on account of the water being only 6 to 12 feet
deep, they are of no use.
Logging to the south and west of the Bulao River must be
restricted, as forest preservation is necessary for the protection
of stream flow. Lumbering in the western part of this compart-
ment is recommended under ordinary licenses only.
The stand per hectare is 129.71 cubic meters or 32,427.5 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), tanguile,
mayapis, apitong, macaasim, guijo, yacal, amugis, dao, narra,
bolongeta, and other miscellaneous species. These estimates
apply to 30,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 21.
Calbayog-Oquendo, — ^Logging operations in the eastern part of
the Oquendo Valley and in the jurisdiction of Calbayog must be
rigidly restricted in order to protect the abaca plantations, and
the suitable areas should be planted to this crop.
In the western part of the Oquendo Valley and in the valley
of the Saymonini River to the coast, forest exploitation can only
be carried on under ordinary licenses, because of difficulties in
transportation due to the ruggedness of the tract.
The stand per hectare is 134.66 cubic meters or 33,665 board
feet, distributed among the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan, apitong, mayapis, mangasinoro, toog,
tanguile, malaikmo, amugis, tiga, antipolo, and other miscel-
laneous species. These estimates apply to 15,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 22.
Mauo and Bunglasan Valleys. — ^This region may be operated
under a long term exclusive license for a daily output of about
40 cubic meters.
Although a considerable number of rapids and falls occur
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69
in the Mauo and Bunglasan Rivers, they may be used for tran-
sportation to a distance of several kilometers.
Two places were selected for the mill site, namely, on the
Mauo Gulf or at Barrio Erenas.
The stand per hectare is 136.83 cubic meters or 34,207.5 board
feet, distributed among, the following species in the order of
their abundance: Lauan (bagtican, white lauan, almon), apitong,
tanguile, narra, toog, macaasim, guijo, dalingdingan, pili (pag-
sahingin and pili), and other miscellaneous species. These es-
timates apply to 20,000 hectares.
COMPARTMENT NO. 23.
Capul and Dalupiri Islands. — They are considered of no forest
value. The stand per hectare is 139.49 cubic meters or 34,872.5
board feet, distributed among the following species in the order
of their abundance : Narra, malapaho, apitong, lauan, tamayuan
and other miscellaneous species. These estimates apply to 500
hectares-.
SUMMARY.
The most convenient sites for mills of larger capacity are:
Carangian, Palapag, Gumay, Oras, Sulat, Libas, Suribao, Lo-
quilocon, Gandara, and Mauo.
Beside these, in case of a large lumbering enterprise, a com-
bination of several compartments may be made at Palapag,
Gumay, and Oras, upper valley of the Dolores and Oras, or the
former with the Blanca valley, a tributary of the Gandara River.
In general, the Island of Samar is heavily timbered, but the
country being subject to typhoons, the trees are somewhat
damaged, particularly on the northern and eastern coast, where
the trees are also smaller.
Because of the difficulties in logging due to the mountainous
character of the island, the use of portable sawmills is recom-
mended. In case there is a big demand for timber, the regions
of Suribao and Llorente, Loquilocon, upper Ulot and Concord,
Dolores and Gandara, which contain enough timber to support
a large lumbering operation, should be studied to solve the prob-
lems of logging.
The central part of the island, between Calbiga and Borongan,
as well as the regions which are not readily accessible for timber
exploitation, contain extensive areas of Almaciga trees which,
under the proper methods, may be exploited for resin. This
product, if taken out together with rattan, would bring good
returns.
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70
The valleys of Bobon, Catarman, Bugko, Pambujan, Catubig,
Or as to Hipapad, Dolores to Maslog, Ulot to Tula, Tubig or Mali-
nao to Concord, Basey or Sohoton, Silaga to San Eduardo, Calbiga
to Abaca and Buluan, Oquendo to Tarabucan, and Saymonini to
Dao and Macatingog should be opened up more to agriculture
with no other forest limitations than those necessary for the
protection of streams and the prevention of erosion.
During this reconnaissance an investigation was also made
regarding the general conditions of the mangrove swamp forests ;
the tables and estimates for these have not been finished.
Small reconnaissances have also been made on the Islands of
Polillo and Alabat.
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Appendix B.— STATISTICAL TABLES.
Table No. 1. — Statement of the certifications made to the Bureau of Lands
regarding the agricultural or forest value of public land applied for as
homesteads or for purchase or lease.
Homesteads.
Sale applications.
Fiscal year.
Agri-
culture.
Forest.
Total.
Agri-
culture.
Forest.
Total.
1905 - -
80
318
881
2,456
1.523
1,175
1,528
2,609
2,680
1,653
4,812
5.965
6,015
6
16
19
61
187
385
221
301
269
159
685
688
670
86
334
900
2,507
1,710
1,560
1,749
2,910
2,949
1,812
5,497
6,653
6,685
8
20
23
49
26
34
46
95
104
81
279
317
227
g
1906
1
21
1907
23
1908
1
3
5
1?
30
16
36
52
18
50
1909 —
29
1910 —
39
1911
49
1912 _ -
106
1913
134
1913 (July 1 to Dec. 31) —
97
1914
315
1915 -
369
1916
245
Total
31,695
3,657
35, 352
1,309
176
1,485
Leases.
Grand
total.
Fiscal year.
Agri-
culture.
Forest.
Total.
1905
1
12
26
27
42
30
47
47
41
77
70
55
94
1906
1
12
26
27
44
31
48
48
44
78
71
59
356
1907
935
1908 — - _ -
2,583
1909 .- .
1,766
1910
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
1,643
1911
1,829
1912 _
3,064
1913 ..
3,131
1913 (July 1 to Dec. 31) .
1,953
1914
5,890
1915 -
7,093
1916 - -
6,989
Total .- - - — -
475
14
489
37, 326
Note. — Total number of homestead, sale, and lease applications pending inspection Decem-
ber 31, 1914, 2,961 ; December 31, 1915, 2,243 ; December 31, 1916, 3,493.
This increase in pending homesteads is due to the increase in the number of requests
received from the Bureau of Lands.
71
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72
Table No. 2. — Statement shovnng amounts in cubic meters of important
timbers, by species, cut and invoiced in the Philippine Islands during
the fiscal years 1910 to 1916.
Fiscal year —
Species.
1910
1911
1912
1913
July 1 to
Dec. 13,
1913.
Lauan
43,439
20,764
2,106
14, 107
8,225
13,717
8,923
5,744
3,174
46,942
21,096
2.762
14,231
8,150
12,296
7,978
4,996
1,368
57,036
28, 929
3,999
18,579
14,491
17.237
9,091
8,474
938
81,469
32,391
5.249
17.279
21, 770
15.791
9.363
8.877
3.320
20, 249
A.pitonsf -
12,905
Tang:uile
3.390
Guijo -
7.841
Yacal
5,593
Ipil
7,535
Molave , - -
4,783
Narra
3.941
Calantas
886
Palosapis -
Man^achapuy
Macaasim - i.
705
2,453
954
809
1,039
1.062
1,094
1,693
1,018
867
735
944
1,239
1,218
794
1,295
1,108
542
699
931
932
1.690
645
297
267
Dungron -
601
Tindalo . -
484
Acle — —
729
Amugris -
252
Supa
141
Betis
Malug^ay
Other species:
First group
574
4,900
7,277
36,786
322
4,606
10, 192
41,655
707
6,207
10,688
42, 981
1.000
7.547
8.066
59.855
687
Second group
2,858
Third group
2,747
Fourth group
25,613
Total
176.758
182, 945
224, 948
277, 171
101, 503
Fiscal
year —
Species.
1914
1915
1916
Total
1910 to
1916.
Lauan
74,453
32,328
14,682
19. 701
15, 115
17,602
9,753
8,467
2.423
2,222
1,469
1,293
2,199
914
1,287
770
596
73,277
38,849
15,460
15.650
14, 714
12, 089
10,546
9,868
1,999
1,631
1,859
806
1,467
1,181
1,498
612
383
107, 634
52, 529
28, 961
16, 685
16,471
14, 147
10, 788
7,970
4,574
2,723
2,666
1,322
1,127
1,115
1,088
520
162
158
44
2.916
6,454
4,694
56,694
504, 499
Apitong -
249, 326
Tanguile
76, 609
Guijo _ _
124, 073
Yacal _ .
104, 529
Ipil __ _
110, 414
Molave
71, 225
Narra
58, 337
Calantas -_ * _ _
18,682
Palosapis
6,576
Mangachapuy _ _
5,994
Macaasim :
7,425
Dungon __ _ * _ __
11, 684
Tindalo
7,892
Acle _- -
9,263
Amugis .
5,681
Supa __
4,127
Betis _ _
158
Malugay _
'^
44
Other species:
First group
2,196
7,484
6,787
73,017
2,190
5,751
6,308
60, 130
10, 522
Second group .
45, 807
Third group
56, 749
Fourth group__
396, 731
Total
294,688
276.268
341.442
1, 935, 847
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73
Table No. 3, — Revenue derived from the sale of forest products, and ex-
penditures of the Bureau of Forestry since its organization, April
U, 1900.
Fiscal year—
Revenue.
Expenses.
Surplus.
Expenses.
1901 to 1906
P2, 268, 591
191, 080
211,571
251,380
271, 582
884,763
854,685
890, 664
160, 913
442,661
425, 817
494,447
PI, 118. 887
105,050
107.242
115,049
152, 161
160. 476
200, 840
227, 048
141, 131
256,990
274, 176
285,708
PI, 149, 704
86. 030
104, 329
136,331
119, 421
174,287
153, 845
163,616
19, 782
185,671
151, 641
208,739
Per cent.
49
1907__.
55
1908 —
51
1909
45
1910
56
1911 -
48
1912 —
57
1913
59
1913 (July 1 to Dec. 31)
88
1914 -
58
1915
64
1916 -
58
Total
5,798,154
3,144.758
2.653,396
a 57. 38
* Average.
Table No. 4. — Revenue from sale of forest products, January 1 to December
31, 1916,
Provinces.
Affusan
Albay
Ambos Camarines _
Antique
Bataan ___
Batangas
Bohol
Bulacan
Cagayan
Capiz
Cavite -
Cebu -
Cotabato
Davao
Ilocos Norte
Ilocos Sur
Iloilo
Isabela
Laguna
La Union
Lanao
Leyte
Manila-
Mindoro
Amount.
731. 10
582.01
807.46
409.20
327. 58
058. 74
137. 91
833. 33
713. 53
622. 30
328. 70
609. 97
133. 92
073. 55
191.03
385. 01
038.48
397. 94
306. 77
290. 69
588. 58
457.90
,603.63
,853.48
Provinces.
Misamis
Mountain
Negros Occidental
N egros Oriental
Nueva Ecija
Nueva Vizcaya
Palawan
Pampanga. -
Pangasinan
Rizal -_ - ___
Samar
Sorsogon -._ _._
Sulu.-_. - -„
Surigao—
Tarlac
Tayabas
Zambales
Zamboanga
Total charges
Total fines and penalties
Grand total.-
Amount.
P6,
5,
18,
2,
4,
049.80
005.56
955.07
897.34
523. 18
128. 65
503.38
693. 80
047.36
792. 89
676. 33
438. 51
164.42
333. 65
078. 58
787. 65
668.79
219. 93
451,602.33
42,845.32
The above list shows the places where the forest charges were collected and not always
where the products were gathered. This accounts for the large receipts shown by the principal
market centers.
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74
Table No. 5. — Timber licenses in force during the fiscal year 1916
(January 1 to December SI ^ 1916).
Commercial licenses.
Gratuitous licenses.
'J
1
£8
Sis
To
!|
m
1
V
1
For personal
use.
n
Hi
Provinces.
13
k
is
o
3 S ti
o
1
Albay
3
30
7
6
7
8
1
15
43
16
48
47
22
8
25
3
45
5
14
70
68
20
5
26
8
8
3
41
11
60
3
21
7
19
18
22
57
1
22
3
3
8
71
11
9
12
29
11
46
23
4
52
49
6
30
7
23
6
7
-
31
95
8
43
11
11
9
89
55
25
60
76
33
54
50
7
100
59
23
124
81
43
5
72
21
43
7
82
19
86
6
26
10
109
28
12
13
7
10
19
Ambos Camarines
2
20
45
AntlQue
Bataan
14
1
1
1
""is"
""""58"
14
21
26
19
1
49
-
8
__„ - _
24
2
24
1
5
2
1
Batangas
2
60
4
97
22
29
"""26"
2
Bohol _ . .
7
2
5
11
2
8~
82
Bulacan _.
14
Cacrayan _
3
1
160
Capiz
47
Cebu
51
Ilocos Norte
27
liocos Sur ^
67
Iloilo
2
Isabela
51
2
26
La Union
9
Leyte _ _ .
3
5
2
22
4
i"
2
2
3i9
35
74
199
14
33
12
22
26
47
8
4
1
11
5
4-
335
Mindoro _
39
Mieamis
100
Mindanao and Sulu
234
Mountain Province
25
Nueva Eicija
57
Nueva Vizcava
i
1
1
4
14
Negros Occidental
43
13
12
4
41
8
24
3
8
3
81
7
1
2
28
Negros Oriental
29
Palawan
23
51
Panorasinan
47
1
71
15
28
25
33
2
32
61
85
65
9
8
90
Rizal
3
Samar
2
103
SorsofiTon -
6
3
2
2
2
1
4
2
-
86
Surigrao __
2
8"
3
„
118
Tarlac
67
Tayabaa
28
Zambales
34
1
Total . -
741
741
109
10
1,601
538
1.371
96
45
2,045
Note. — There was no license issued in the provinces of Batanes and Cavite.
In Cagayan and Isabela 2,123 licenses were issued for building tobacco curing houses. The
timber authorized to be cut under these licenses amounts to 15,600 cubic meters of first and
34,500 cubic meters of lower group timber.
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