UNIVERSITY OF
ILLINOIS LIBRARY
AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
Gift of the
Urbana Free Library
GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.
Taken from a miniature in possession of Jefferson K. Clark, Esq , of St. Louis, Mo.
J. O. OTTNNTNGm A.M
932 GRKKN ST.
UKJB AN A,
CONQUEST
OF THE COUNTRY
NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO
17781783
AND
t, | LIFE OF
GEN. GEORGE ROGERS CLARK
OVER ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE ILLUSTRATIONS
WITH NUMEROUS SKETCHES OF MEN WHO SERVED UNDER CLARK AND FULL LIST OF
THOSE ALLOTTED LANDS IN CLARK'S GRANT FOR SERVICE IN THE
CAMPAIGNS AGAINST THE BRITISH POSTS. SHOWING
EXACT LAND ALLOTTED EACH.
President Indiana Historical Society
VOLUME II.
INDIANAPOLIS, 1ND., AND KANSAS CITY, MO.
THE BOWEN-MERRILL COMPANY
1896.
Property cf
The Urbana *ee Library
5-8?
5455
i/.Z
8TRATON8
ILLUSTRATIONS.
VOL. II.
PAGE.
PORTRAIT OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK (Frontispiece Vol. 2) 588
ILLUSTRATIONS (half title) 591
HAMILTON AND LAMOTHE SENT IN IRONS TO WILLIAMSBURG 616
FAC-SIMILE LETTER OF THOMAS JEFFERSON DECLINING TO RELEASE GOVER-
NOR HAMILTON FROM CAPTIVITY 644
PORTRAIT OF LITTLE TURTLE 695
SIGNATURE OF JOHN BALEY 701
SIGNATURE OF RICHARD HARRISON 701
SIGNATURE OF EDWARD WORTHINGTON 701
SIGNATURE OF THOMAS QUICK 701
SIGNATURE OF ROBERT GEORGE 701
SIGNATURE OF JOHN GIBSON... 710
CLARK'S FORCES LEAVING PITTSBURGH, 1781 719
LOCHRY'S DEFEAT 728
SIGNATURE OF PHILLIBERT 739
SIGNATURE OF PIERRE GAMELIN 739
SIGNATURE OF L. E. DENLINE 740
SIGNATURE OF LE GRAND 740
MONUMENT TO FOURTEEN SOLDIERS KILLED BY INDIANS IN 1783 751
DEATH OF COLONEL JOHN FLOYD 752
FORT NELSON 755
MAP OF NORTHWEST TERRITORY AND THE THIRTEEN ORIGINAL STATES 767
THE SEAL OF THE TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES NORTHWEST OF THE
RIVER OHIO 773
DEATH OF JOSEPH ROGERS 773
MAP OF NORTHWEST TERRITORY WITH NOTES OF SOME HISTORICAL DATES
AND PLACES 776
(593)
594 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE.
SIGNATURE OP BENJAMIN HARRISON, GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA 783
CLARK DRIVING THE INDIANS FROM COUNCIL, CHAMBER 793
SIGNATURE OF SAMUEL HOPKINS 803
PORTRAIT OF JOHN RICE JONES 808
SIGNATURE OF JOHN RICE JONES 808
PORTRAIT OF GENERAL CLARK IN His OLD AGE COPIED FROM OIL PAINT-
ING IN VlNCENNES UNIVERSITY 817
PATENT ISSUED BY THE STATE OF VIRGINIA FOR THE LAND IN CLARK'S
GRANT 834
OFFICIAL MAP OF CLARK'S GRANT 851
SIGNATURE OF WALKER DANIEL 855
SIGNATURE OF WILLIAM CROGHAN 856
SIGNATURE OF JOHN EDWARDS 856
SIGNATURE OF JOHN CAMPBELL 856
SIGNATURE OF JAMES F. MOORE 857
SIGNATURE OF RICHARD TAYLOR 857
SIGNATURE OF ROBERT BRECKENRIDGE 857
SIGNATURE OF ALEXANDER BRECKENRIDGE 858
SIGNATURE OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK (after he was paralyzed) 858
PORTRAIT OF JOSEPH BARTHOLOMEW 859
PORTRAIT OF ANDREW P. HAY 860
SIGNATURE OF ABRAM BOWMAN 862
RUINS OF CLARK'S OLD MILL 863
SUPPOSED CHIMNEY OF FORT FINNEY 863
GOVERNOR POSEY'S OLD RESIDENCE AT JEFFERSONVILLE 864
PORTRAIT OF MARSTON G. CLARK 866
SIGNATURE OF MARSTON G. CLARK 866
CLARK'S RESIDENCE IN CLARKSVILLE 868
SWORD OF GENERAL CLARK (2 plates) 874, 875
PRESENTATION OF SWORD TO GENERAL CLARK 885
HOUSE WHERE GENERAL CLARK DIED RESIDENCE OF His SISTER, LUCY
CROGHAN 889
DIAGRAM OF THE CLARK GRAVES 900
GRAVES OF GENERAL CLARK AND OTHERS OF THE CLARK FAMILY, CAVE
HILL 902
CLARK STATUE AND PEDESTAL IN MONUMENT PLACE, INDIANAPOLIS 906
PORTRAIT OF JACOB BURNETT 909
PORTRAIT OF REUBEN T. DURRETT 911
PORTRAIT OF JOHN FISKE .. 912
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 595
PAGE.
PORTRAIT OF JOHN B. DILLON 912
PORTRAIT OF JOHN REYNOLDS 912
PORTRAIT OF HENRY PIRTLE 913
PORTRAIT OF JAMES A. GARFIELD 914
PORTRAIT OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT 914
PORTRAIT OF JOHN W. DANIEL 915
PORTRAIT OF GEORGE F. HOAR 915
PORTRAIT OF LEWIS COLLINS... 916
PORTRAIT OF LYMAN P. DRAPER 916
PORTRAIT OF SAMUEL MERRILL 917
PORTRAIT OF BURK A. HINSDALE 918
PORTRAIT OF JACOB P.. DUNN 918
PORTRAIT OF JOHN RANDOLPH 918
PORTRAIT OF JAMES PARTON 919
PORTRAIT OF DANIEL W. VOORHEES 920
PORTRAIT OF DAVID TURPIE 920
PORTRAIT OF JOHN SHERMAN 921
THE BEWILDERED GUIDE 924
SIGNATURE OF JOHN SANDERS 927
SIGNATURE OF DANIEL BOONE 927
NOVEL PIONEER MONEY 928
VIRGINIA CURRENCY PAYABLE IN TOBACCO 930
SIGNATURE OF RICHARD BRASHEAR 935
SIGNATURE OF BUCKNER PITTMAN 937
SIGNATURE OF JOHN PAUL 941
SIGNATURE 1 OF GENERAL CHARLES SCOTT 948
SIGNATURE* OF ATTORNEY-GENERAL HARRY INNES 948
SIGNATURE OF HONORABLE J. BROWN, OF KENTUCKY 948
ROBERT J. TODD'S COMMISSION AS MAJOR 948
PORTRAIT OF LEVI L. TODD, SENIOR 950
PORTRAIT OF DOCTOR ROBERT N. TODD 950
SIGNATURE OF WILLIAM WHITLEY 952
SIGNATURE OF ABRAM CHAPLINE 958
SIGNATURE OF JAMES BIGGER 967
SIGNATURE OF SHADRACH BOND, SENIOR 967
SIGNATURE OF VALENTINE T. DALTON 967
SIGNATURE OF PETER PRIEST 967
SIGNATURE OF ISAAC VAN METRE .. 967
SIGNATURE OF ISAAC YATES... .. 967
596 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE.
SIGNATURE OF JAMES WHITECOTTON 967
PORTRAIT OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK IN His OLD AGE 968
PORTRAIT OF BLAND BALLARD 973
BLAND BALLARD'S ESCAPE FROM THE INDIANS 975
SIGNATURE OF ISAAC BOWMAN 979
SIGNATURE OF JOHN BOWMAN 979
SIGNATURE OF RICHARD RUE 985
RICHARD RUE RUNNING THE GAUNTLET 986
PORTRAIT OF JOSEPH HOLMAN 988
PORTRAIT OF GEORGE HOLMAN 988
PORTRAIT OF LUCY CROGHAN, SISTER OF GENERAL CLARK 990
PORTRAIT OF GENERAL CLARK'S SISTER, ANN GWATHMEY 990
PORTRAIT OF ELEANOR ELTING TEMPLE, GENERAL JONATHAN CLARK'S
DAUGHTER 990
SIGNATURE OF GENERAL JONATHAN CLARK 991
SIGNATURE OF SARAH CLARK 991
SIGNATURE OF WILLIAM AYLETT BOOTH 997
SIGNATURE OF REBECCA BOOTH 997
SIGNATURE OF WILLIAM BOOTH 997
PORTRAIT OF SAMUEL GWATHMEY 997
SIGNATURE OF JOHN GWATHMEY 998
SIGNATURE OF CAPTAIN EDMUND CLARK 1001
PORTRAIT OF MAJOR GEORGE CROGHAN 1005
MEDAL VOTED TO MAJOR CROGHAN BY CONGRESS (two plates) 1005
CROGHAN MONUMENT, FREMONT, OHIO 1007
SIGNATURE OF RICHARD CLOUGH ANDERSON 1008
SIGNATURE OF GOVERNOR CHARLES* ANDERSON 1009
SIGNATURE OF GOVERNOR WILLIAM CLARK 1012
PORTRAIT OF GOVERNOR WILLIAM CLARK 1014
FAC-SIMILE OF THE ENTRY OF JUDGE WILLIAM CLARK'S DEATH ON THE
RECORDS OF ST. XAVIER'S CHURCH, VINCENNES 1017
PORTRAIT OF JEFFERSON K. CLARK, SON OF WILLIAM CLARK 1019
BIG KNIVES (Finis) 1019
CLARK'S STATUE, INDIANAPOLIS 1021
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
VOL. II.
CHAPTER XIV.
THE CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON
AND OTHER BRITISH OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS
SENT TO VIRGINIA AS PRISONERS.
Hamilton's version of their treatment at Vincennes Who the prisoners were
Captains Williams and Rogers with twenty-five men convey the prisoners to
Virginia Instructed by Colonel Clark to see that prisoners be provided with
all necessaries Hamilton's account of the journey, and description of condi-
tion of the Americans Governor Henry's letter announcing the capture of
Vincennes Hamilton put in irons and confined in a dungeon in retaliation
for cruelties inflicted on American prisoners He bitterly denounces treat-
ment of himself and colleagues Governor of Virginia acted on advice of
the executive council He explains and justifies his action Correspondence
between General Washington and Governor Jefferson on the subject Se-
verity of treatment finally relaxed Fac-simile of a letter of Jefferson in re-
lation to Hamilton Release on parole offered prisoners Accepted by some
Declined at first by Hamilton, but finally accepted Important letters, etc.,
on the subject Leaves Virginia for New York Recites troubles encountered
on the way Reaches British comrades in New York in wretched condition
Is at last exchanged and sails for England His subsequent career.. ..605-662
CHAPTER XV.
COLONEL CLARK RETURNS TO THE FALLS OF OHIO CON-
DITION OF AFFAIRS THERE.
Fort near mouth of Ohio determined upon Develops his plans in a general
order Also in a letter to Governor John Todd Letter of Todd to Governor
Jefferson approving Clark's plans Clark proceeds to mouth of Ohio early
(598)
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS. 599
in 1780 Builds Fort Jefferson a few miles below Intended for a settlement
and garrison combined Besieged by Indians Heroic defense Captain
George Owens and his descendants Garrison finally relieved Indians with-
draw from its vicinity Perilous journey made by Clark from Fort Jefferson
to Harrisburg British and Indians invade Kentucky Clark's campaign
against the Indians at old Chillicothe and Piqua Distressing particulars of
death of Joseph Rogers Clark returns to Kentucky Deplorable condition
of affairs there, at Fort Jefferson and the Illinois Official letters on the sub-
ject Sketch of George Slaughter and Silas Harlan Fort Jefferson finally
abandoned 663-696
CHAPTER XVI.
CONTEMPLATED CAMPAIGN AGAINST DETROIT IN 1781
LOCHRY'S DEFEAT.
Council of war to consider an expedition against the British at Detroit, or "the
Floridians on the Mississippi" Early action delayed Clark visits Virginia
and aids in driving out the British Secures Governor Jefferson's approval of
an expedition against Detroit Is commissioned brigadier-general thereof
Letter from General Washington approving the expedition, promising military
stores and Continental troops Letters of Jefferson and others on the subject
Colonel Gibson's regiment promised to Clark Promises not fulfilled and
expectations not realized Country weary of war Troops and army supplies
hard to secure Draft made but unsatisfactory Clothing scarce Paper
money nearly worthless Letters of Clark upon the discouraging situation
Bears up bravely under disappointments Starts from Pittsburgh with but
four hundred of the two thousand men expected Events of voyage to falls of
the Ohio Colonel Lochry's command fails to join Clark at the appointed
time and place Follows on and is disastrously defeated Distress of Colonel
Clark at the defeat of Lochry and failure of campaign against Detroit
Colonel Crockett's letter defending Colonel Clark's conduct 697-734
CHAPTER XVII.
BAD CONDITION OF AMERICAN AFFAIRS IN KENTUCKY AND
THE ILLINOIS.
Memorial of the people of Vincennes Letter of Captain Baley, commandant
of the post there Colonel John Floyd writes of the situation in Kentucky
600 CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
Colonel Floyd killed by Indians Colonel Slaughter and others write gloomily
of the situation Clark immediately engages in putting matters into better
shape Ascertains strength of the Kentucky militia Builds Fort Nelson
Suggests to the governor of Virginia a system of armed boats on the Ohio
Uses a gun-boat between the falls and the Licking Indian depredations
continue Disastrous battle of Blue Licks in August, 1782 Rising of the
people to carry the war into the enemy's country General Clark marches,
at the head of a thousand men, against the Indian towns on the Little Miami
and destroys them Indians amazed at unexpected development of the strength
of the Americans and never afterwards invade Kentucky in force An appro-
priate ending of the successful part of General Clark's military career.
CHAPTER XVIII.
ALL PROSPECT OF THE BRITISH CONQUERING THE COLO-
NIES TERMINATES WITH SURRENDER OF CORNWALLIS.
Negotiations ended in treaty of peace of 1783 These negotiations called atten-
tion more particularly to the great benefit General Clark's services had been
to the country He had captured from the enemy a vast territory, and being
in possession it was included in the boundaries of the new government But
for this the boundary might have been the Ohio river, or the Alleghany
mountains Importance of the conquest Triumph of Clark and his sol-
diers Seal of the Northwest Territory Importance of that territory.
761-778
CHAPTER XIX.
CLARK, RELIEVED FROM MILITARY SERVICE, RETIRES DIS-
APPOINTED AND DISTRESSED.
Virginia, exhausted by the war, failed, for a time, to sufficiently provide for Clark's
troops He is finally retired from service Letter of governor of Virginia to
Clark Letter from Clark to the governor, disclosing his financial distress
Asks, in vain, for a portion of what is due him Similarity of treatment of
Clark and Vigo Letter from Vigo to Clark Comments on the treatment of
Clark Retires to Kentucky neglected, disappointed and distressed Injurious
effect on his health and habits Remains in comparative obscurity until made
a commissioner in 1785 to treat with certain Indian tribes Some incidents at
the treaty ...................... . ............................................................. 7"9~794
CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS. 6oi
CHAPTER XX.
WABASH AND MIAMI INDIANS, ENCOURAGED BY THE BRIT-
ISH, BECOME HOSTILE TO THE AMERICANS CAM-
PAIGN AGAINST THEM DETERMINED UPON.
General Clark placed in command The situation communicated to the Gov-
ernor of Virginia by Clark and John May Officers, Kentucky military dis-
trict, meet in council Right to impress military supplies declared Expedi-
tion inarches by land to Vincennes Provisions forwarded by water, delayed
and spoiled Expedition delayed at Vincennes March in demoralized con-
dition A portion revolt before reaching enemy and return Clark over-
whelmed with grief French inhabitants no longer friendly Clark determines
to garrison Vincennes Is driven by necessity to impress supplies for his
troops Takes some Spanish property Commissary appointed Regular
accounts kept of property taken His conduct misrepresented Virginia and
congress, without waiting for his explanations, condemn it This action hasty
and inconsiderate Opinions of disinterested persons Clark returns to the
falls full of disappointment Finally meditates an expedition in the interest
of the French against the Spaniards on the Mississippi Accepts French
commission Issues a proclamation Expedition abandoned Effect of the
movement beneficial in hastening free navigation of the Mississippi Opinion
of Governor Shelby and others 795-824
CHAPTER XXI.
CLARK'S GRANT THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE ILLI-
NOIS REGIMENT, AND THE LAND ALLOTTED TO EACH.
825-860
CHAPTER XXII.
THE LATTER YEARS OF GENERAL CLARK'S LIFE AND HIS
DEATH.
Clarksville, Indiana, and vicinity George Rogers Clark's connection therewith
Is stricken with paralysis at that place Amputation of his leg Virginia
presents him a sword and pension The subject of sword presentations to
him considered He lingers long in a feeble, and finally helpless, condition
6O2 CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS.
Dies at his sister's house in Kentucky in 1818 His will Controversy in
relation thereto, and other events connected with his illness and death.
861-896
CHAPTER XXIII.
Burial place of George Rogers Clark Location of the graves of the Clark
family in Cave Hill Cemetery Inscriptions on the grave-stones Visit of the
author to these graves Reflections upon there being no monument to honor
General Clark's memory Steps taken to secure one in connection with the
great Indiana soldiers' monument at Indianapolis Successful efforts in that
direction Description of the monument Abortive movements of Ken-
tucky and the United States to erect a monument Opinions of eminent
men of George Rogers Clark and his services to his country 897-922
CHAPTER XXIV.
ADDITIONAL SKETCHES OF MEN WHO SERVED UNDER
GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.
John Sanders Major Thomas Quick Captain Richard Brashear Lieutenant
Richard Harrison Lieutenant John Gerault Lieutenant Michael Perault
General Robert Todd Captain Levi Todd Ebenezer and John Severns
Edward Bulger Captain Abram Chapline James Curry, Levi Teall and
Joseph Anderson Colonel William Whitley John Paul Buckner Pittman.
923-968
CHAPTER XXV.
SOME HISTORICAL INCIDENTS CONNECTED WITH CLARK'S
GRANT.
The region of the falls always a favorite place of resort Abundance offish and
game Battlefield and burying ground of some unknown race near Clarks-
ville Ancient stone fortifications at the mouth of Fourteen-mile creek Other
forts and stations Bland Ballard's escape Lieutenant Isaac Bowman
Richard Rue 969-988
CHAPTER XXVI.
BROTHERS AND SISTERS OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.
989-1019
Conquest of tbe
IKlortbweet
VOLUME II
39
CHAPTER XIV.
THE CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON
AND OTHER BRITISH OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS
SENT TO VIRGINIA AS PRISONERS.
Hamilton's version of their treatment at Vincennes Who the prisoners were
Captains Williams and Rogers with twenty-five men convey the prisoners to
Virginia Instructed by Colonel Clark to see that they are provided with
all necessaries Hamilton's account of the journey, and description of condi-
tion of the Americans Governor Henry's letter announcing the capture of
Vincennes Hamilton put in irons and confined in a dungeon in retaliation
for cruelties inflicted on American prisoners He bitterly denounces treat-
ment of himself and colleagues Governor of Virginia acted on advice of
the executive council He explains and justifies his action Correspondence
between General Washington and Governor Jefferson on the subject Se-
verity of treatment finally relaxed Fac-simile of a letter of Jefferson in re-
lation to Hamilton Release on parole offered prisoners Accepted by some
Declined at first by Hamilton, but finally accepted Important letters, etc.,
on the subject Leaves Virginia for New York Recites troubles encountered
on the way Reaches British comrades in New York in wretched condition
Is at last exchanged and sails for England His subsequent career.
jjHE capture of the British boats on the Wabash river,
with all the stores and valuable papers intended for
Hamilton, as narrated in Chapter XII, added to his al-
ready overwhelming humiliation. The night after signing
the agreement to surrender Fort Sackville he says he spent
"in assorting papers and preparing for the disagreeable
ceremony of the next day. Mortification, disappointment
and indignation had their turns." It was but the begin-
606 CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON
ning of the unfortunate lieutenant-governor's trials and
sorrows according to the narrative of his numerous and
long-continued troubles as given in his report to his su-
perior officers, to which reference has already been fre-
quently made. There is no doubt this account was col-
ored and in some respects exaggerated to suit his side of
the case, but, at the same time, it is evident that he was
very forcibly made to realize what it is to be in an enemy's
hands as a prisoner of war, towards whom special resent-
ment is felt. He was certainly not allowed to sleep on a
bed of roses.
He realized what was in store for some of his comrades,
and possibly for himself, at the very beginning. "The
evening of the day we capitulated," says he, " Colonel
Clark ordered neck-iron fetters and handcuffs to be made
which, in our hearing, he declared were designed for those
officers who had been employed as partisans with the Indians.
I took him aside and reminded him that these prisoners were
prisoners of war included in the capitulation which he had
so lately set his hand to. He said his resolution was formed;
that he had made a vow never to spare man, woman or
child of the Indians, or those who were employed with
them. I observed to him that these persons, having obeyed
my orders, were not to be blamed for the execution of
them; that I had never known that they had acted contrary
to those orders, by encouraging the cruelty of the savages;
on the contrary, and that if he was determined to pass by
the consideration of his faith and that of the public, pledged
for the performance of the articles of capitulation, I desired
he might throw me into prison, or lay me in irons, rather
than the others. He smiled contemptuously, turned away
AND OTHER BRITISH PRISONERS IN VIRGINIA. 607
and ordered three of these persons to the guard till the
irons should be made. The scalps of the slaughtered In-
dians were hung up by our tents; a young man of the name
of Rainbault was brought into the fort with a halter about
his neck, and only for the interposition of the volunteers
from the Illinois, some of whom were his relations, would
infallibly been hanged without any crime laid to his charge
but his having been with a scouting party. He was half
strangled before he was taken from the tree. Our soldiers
told us that some of the rebels had sworn solemnly to de-
stroy Major Hay and myself the first opportunity. As we
could not guard against any attempt in the situation we
then found ourselves, we thought it best to appear unac-
quainted with any such resolution, but we were twice in
the night obliged to fly for security to Colonel Clark's quar-
ters in the fort, two men that were intoxicated, and whose
names had been given us, attempting to shoot us in our
tent. The attempt was proved but no punishment ensued.
We were kept in the dark as to the day of our departure,
though I had repeatedly asked it, that we might have bread
baked and prepare what was necessary."
He was not kept in suspense as to the time of his depart-
ure very long, for, on the yth of March, according to Bow-
man's journal, " Captain Williams and Lieutenant Rogers,
with twenty-five men, set off for the falls of Ohio, to
conduct the following prisoners, viz. : Lieutenant-Governor
Henry Hamilton, Major John Hay, Captain William
Lamothe, Monsieur Dejean (grand judge of Detroit) , Lieu-
tenant John Schieffelin, Doctor I. McBeth, Francis Ma-
608 CAPTIVITY OF LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR HAMILTON
sonville, Mr. L. F. Bellefeuille (French interpreter) , with
eighteen privates."
Clark's memoir says: "On the yth of March, Captains
Williams and Rogers set out by water with a party of
twenty-five men, to conduct the British officers to Ken-
tucky; and, farther to weaken the prisoners, eighteen priv-
ates were also sent. After their arrival at the falls of the
Ohio, Captain Rogers had instructions to superintend their
route to Williamsburg, to furnish them with all the neces-
sary supplies on their way, and to await the orders of the
governor." By weakening the prisoners, Colonel Clark,
of course, meant to lessen the number he had to look after
and take care of.
These prisoners seem to have been turned over temporar-
ily by Captain Williams to Captain Harrod, presumably at
the falls of the Ohio, who executed the following receipt for
the same: "Received of Captain Williams, the within
mentioned prisoners, in number twenty-six, March the
3ist, 1779. Wm. Herrod, captain." In addition to the
names of the eight officers, above mentioned by Bowman,
the list, accompanying the receipt, gives the names of
Sergeant James Parkinson and Corporal Abel Leazenby,
and sixteen privates, as follows : Robert Bryant, George
Spittal, John Fraser, John Sutherland, Thomas Keppel,
John Wall, Christ Macgra (McCrow) , John Brebin (Bre-
bonne) , William Taylor, Patrick Mackinlie, Reuben Vesey.
Amos Ainsley, Benjamin Pickering, John Home, William
Perry and Belser Givine (?).*
*The given names were not mentioned in the receipt, but have since been
added. The list contains twenty-six names.
AND OTHER BRITISH PRISONERS IN VIRGINIA. 609
Captain John Rogers, a kinsman of Clark, as already
stated, seems to have been charged with the duty of seeing
that the prisoners were conveyed from the falls of the Ohio
to the capital of Virginia. The following instructions were
issued to him by Colonel Clark : "You are to accompany
Captain Williams to the falls of the Ohio and to accompany
the prisoners from thence to Williamsburg. They will be
guarded and conducted by the Kentucky militia. You are
to be careful that they want no necessaries if possible to
procure them. You will draw bills on the treasury for the
expenses of your journey, and render a just account thereof
to His Excellency, the governor."
As evidence in contradiction of the charge made by
Hamilton that Clark treated the British prisoners cruelly,
it will be observed that special instructions were given the
officer in charge to "be careful that they want no neces-
saries, if possible to procure them."
The account given by Hamilton of the departure and
journey is that "on the 8th day of March, we were put
into a heavy oak boat, being twenty-seven in number, with
our provision of flour and pork at common rations, and
fourteen gallons of spirits for us, and our guard, which
consisted of twenty-three persons, including two officers.
We had before us three hundred and sixty miles of water
carriage, and eight hundred and forty to march to the
place of our destination, Williamsburg, Virginia. The
loth, in the afternoon, we reached the Ohio, whose waters
were out in an uncommon and astonishing degree. The
depth above the banks eighteen feet, with such a swift
current as made it very fatiguing to row, which we all did,