of, in World War, 857.
INDEX
31
References are to sections
Germany, immigration from, in colo
nial period, 179 ; and after 1848, 684 ;
which saves Missouri to the Union,
726; and Spanish- American War,
761, 762 ; and American policy in
China, 771 ; and Venezuela claims,
772; and the World War, 848-873.
Gerry, Elbridge, opposes democracy
in Federal Convention, 358; opposes
ratification, 343; and Gerrymander,
573.
Gerrymander, 573.
Gettysburg, Battle of, 667, 668.
Ghent, Peace of, 476.
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 20.
Gladstone, "William E., on the
American Constitution, 341 ; on the
Civil War, 687.
Glavis, Louis, 836.
Gompers, Samuel, 806.
Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, 58, 84, 85,
86.
Gorges, Robert, 58.
Gould, Jay, 750.
Grangers, 782, 783.
Grant, Ulysses S., in Civil War,
669, 670; President, 706 ; reelection,
713 ; corruption under, 714 ; and
the civil service, 734 ; attempt at
third term for, 735.
Greeley, Horace, and "protection,"
597 ; and right of secession, 659 ;
and election of 1872, 713.
Greenback party, 752.
Greenbacks, see Paper Money.
Grenville, George, 218, 222.
Hadley, Arthur, on property and
the Constitution, 776.
Hakluyt, Richard, on colonization,
17, 23.
Hamilton, Alexander, New York a
"sovereign" State, 319; attempts
to call Federal Convention, 324, 325 ;
in the Federal Convention, 337, 338;
distrust of democracy, 338; char
acterized by Maclay, 369 note; be
comes Secretary of the Treasury,
370; on inviolability of State sov
ereignty before Federal courts, 373 ;
finance, 374-378 ; leak of his plans
and the consequent speculation, 375;
political value of assumption, 377;
and Whisky Rebellion, 378, 379; and
the Bank, 380 ; and- implied powers,
381 ; and organization of the second
Federalist party, 387; on arbitra
tion, 406; and the "war" of 1798,
409 ; and election of 1800, 424 note ;
hero of the Federalist period, 425;
on democracy, 426; and secession
plots of 1803, 477 ; death in duel
with Burr, 477 note.
Hancock, John, and Shays' Rebel
lion, 328 ; and ratification of the
Constitution, 361.
Hanna, Mark, 757, 769.
Harlan, Justice, on Income Tax de
cision, 746; on the Interstate Com
merce Commission and the Supreme
Court, 785.
Harrison, Benjamin, election, 741;
and the civil service, 742; and for
eign affairs, 758.
Harrison, William H., and Tippe-
canoe, 488 ; President, 594, 595.
Hart, Albert Bushnell, quoted on
War of 1812, 471, and passim.
Hartford Convention, the, 479^83.
Harvard, founded, 199 ; in 1800, 441.
Harvey, Sir George, 45, 46.
Hawaii, 758 ; annexed, 764.
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 556; and
Brook Farm, 558.
Hay, John, 771.
Hayes, Rutherford B., 718, 719 ;
and the civil service, 734.
Hayne, R. Y., and debate with Web
ster, 580.
Henry, Patrick, Scotch-Irish, 180 ;
and Stamp Act Resolutions, 234 ; and
religious freedom, 262 note ; "I am
an American," 323 ; opposes call for
Federal Convention, 335; opposes
ratification of Constitution, 362.
Hepburn Act, the, 786.
Higginson, Francis, 75, 81 ; de
nounces Separatists, 109.
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth,
609, 632.
INDEX
References are to sections
High Cost of Living, 749.
Holy Alliance, and the Monroe
Doctrine, 504.
Homestead law, called for by labor
party in 1830, -541 ; vetoed by Bu
chanan, 641 ; passed in 1862, 677 ;
and Reconstruction, 695.
Hooker, Thomas, denounces Sepa
ratists, 109; apostle of democracy,
120, 125 ; suggests New England
Confederation, 128.
Hoover, Herbert C., 871.
Horseshoe Bend, Battle of, and
importance, 488.
Houston, " Sam," 615.
Huguenots, in America, 179.
Hutchinson, Anne, 117, 118.
Hutchinson, Governor Thomas,
233; house sacked, 236 ; and Boston
Massacre, 240 ; and Boston Tea
Party, 247.
Idaho, 726.
Illinois, 498; and rage for internal
improvements, 587.
Immigration, from the Revolution
to 1812, 486 ; from 1816 to 1830, ib.;
to 1860, ib. note, and 624 ; after 18(55,
725.
Impeachment, of Justice Pickering,
450; of Justice Chase, 450; of Jus
tice Archbold, 450 note, 786 ; of
President Johnson, 705.
" Imperialism " after Spanish- Amer
ican War, 768 ; in election of 1900,
769.
Impressment of American sea
men by England and France, 401,
402, 404, 473 and note ; not men
tioned in Treaty of Ghent, 476.
Imprisonment for debt, see Debt.
Income Tax, of 1862, 673; of 1893,
745 ; nullified by Supreme Court,
746; and Sixteenth amendment, 841 ;
and laws of 1913 and 1916, 846 ; of
1917, 871.
Indentured servants, see Servants.
Independence, see Declaration of
Independence.
Independent Treasury plan, 591.
Indiana, Territory, 316 ; State, 498 ;
State system of schools, 554.
Indians, east of Mississippi, 6 ; num
bers, ib.; influence on European
settlement, 7, 8, 15; and War of
1812, 488.
Industrial development, early co
lonial, 3, 8; in Virginia, 27, 33, 3;".,
39-41, 159, 163; in Plymouth, (56-68;
in Massachusetts Bay, 83 ; eight
eenth century, 201-208 ; in 1800, 435-
438; affected by War of 1812, 487;
Industrial Revolution, 527-552; do
mestic system becomes factory and
capitalist system, 534; and labor
movement, 1825-1837, 527-551; and
mechanical inventions of 18:>0-1850,
561 ; and railway, 562 ; and farm
machinery about 1850, 644 ; in I860,
(343-648 ; after 1865, 730 ; see " Big
Business," Trusts, Labor, Tariff's,
Manufactures.
Industrial panics, see Panics.
Industrial Revolution, the, 435,
527-552.
Industry in common, in early Vir
ginia, 27; in Plymouth, (57.
Initiative, the, in legislation, 827.
Injunction, " Government by,"
811.
Interlocking directorates, 791, 845.
Internal improvements, in Feder
alist administrations, 454; and Jef
ferson, 453 ff. ; National Road, 455,
491 ; after War of 1812, 492 ff . ; ve
toes of Madison and Monroe, 492;
and J. Q. Adams, 519; and political
parties, 520.
International law, defined, 400
note; questions at issue, in 1793,
400-403 ; in 1915-1917, 858 ff .
International Workers of the
World (I. W. W.) f 818.
Interstate Commerce Commis
sion, 784 ; and Supreme Court, 785 ;
and Hepburn Act, 786.
Inventions, mechanical, in early
Massachusetts, 83 ; American genius
for, 442 ; leading to the Industrial
Revolution, 529-532; in 1830-1850,
INDEX
References are to sections
561; and railway, 562; in farm
machinery about 1850, 644. See
Steamboat, Railway, Bessemer
Steel, etc.
Iowa, 621.
Ipswich, and Andros, 150.
Iron manufactures, colonial, 83;
restricted by Navigation Acts, 184 ;
and Industrial Revolution, 522; and
vise of anthracite, 561; in the New
South, 727.
Iroquois, 5-7, 15.
Jackson, Andrew, at New Orleans,
475; at Horseshoe Bend, 488; and
tariff of 1828, 511; campaign of
1824, 517 ; election in 1828, 527, 563,
574 ; Jackson ian democracy, 565 ; the
man and his earlier career, 567;
spoils system, 568; and the veto,
568; problem of his administration,
574; and the leaders, 575; and the
Bank, 576-578, 586-587; reelection,
578 ; and the nullifiers, 579-585 ; and
" pet banks," 586; and specie circu
lar, 58!).
Tacksonian democracy, con
trasted with Jeffersonian, 565.
Jamaica, English colony, 133; im
portance, 138.
James I, 22, 25, 42, 43 ; and attempt
at personal rule in Virginia, 45; and
the Pilgrims, 63.
James II, and New England, 148 ff.
Jamestown, 26 ; a plantation colony,
27; suffering, 28; burned in Bacon's
Rebellion, 162.
Jay, John, a "moderate" in First
Continental Congress, 250; rejects
idea of independence in September,
1775, 258 ; and peace negotiations in
1783, 287, 289. See Jay's Treaty.
Jay's Treaty, 404, 405; and inter
national arbitration, 406.
Jefferson, Thomas, on Independ
ence, in September of 1775, 258;
drafts Declaration of, 263; on new
State governments, 264; suggests
referendum on Virginia constitu
tion, 265 ; presents to Congress Vir
ginia's cession of the West, 312;
draws Ordinance of 1784, ib. ; draws
Survey Ordinance, 314; on titles,
368; Secretary of State, 370; and
Hamilton's " assumption," 376, 377 ;
a " Federalist " in 1789, 385; conten
tions with Hamilton, 387 ; organizes
Republican party, 387; Vice Presi
dent, 389; and Alien and Sedition
laws, 415 note ; and Kentucky Res
olutions, 415 note; Presidential
election, 419, 423, 424; terror of
Federalists at^ 426; the man, 443;
career before 1800, 444, 445 ; Ameri
canism, 444, 446 ; political principles,
446 ; election in 1800 a " revolution,"
447; republican simplicity, 447;
specific appropriations, 447 ; and the
civil service, 448; and the courts,
449-451; reelection, 452; establishes
two-term principle, 452 ; centraliza
tion in second term, 453; and inter
nal improvements, 454-456; and
Louisiana Purchase, 460 ; and West
ern exploration, 466-469; and for
eign relations, 470-472; impover
ished by industrial changes after
War of 1812, 487 note ; and genesis
of Monroe Doctrine, 504 note.
Johnson, Andrew, and the early
labor movement, 547; introduces
first Homestead bill, 641 ; President,
700 ; and Reconstruction, 700 ff . ; im
peachment, 705.
Johnson, Hiram W., 823; and elec
tion of 1916, 862.
Judiciary, see Federal Judiciary.
Jury trial, in early Virginia, 37 ; de
velopment of, in early Massachu
setts, 100.
Kalm, Peter, on influence of French
Canada upon loyalty of British col
onies, 214 ; on need of English con
trol in America, 227.
Kanawha, Battle of the Great,
300.
Kansas, struggle for, 635, 636 ; state
hood delayed, 640; admitted, 726.
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 634, 635.
INDEX
References are to sections
Kaskaskia, 288, 292.
Kent, Chancellor, denounces de
mocracy, 564.
Kentucky, settlement, 288, 299-301 ;
the "blue-grass" region, 299; and
Dunmere's War, 300; Henderson's
project, 301 ; a Virginia county,
301 ; base for Clark's conquest of
the Northwest, 301 ; separatist move
ments in, 304-306; statehood and
democratic franchise, 306, 384.
Kentucky Resolutions of 1798-
1799, 415.
King's Mountain, Battle of, 285.
Knights of Labor, 805.
" Know-nothing " party, the, 633.
Ku Klux, the, 708.
Labor, wages fixed by aristocratic
government in colonial Massachu
setts, 87; conditions in 1775, 201;
see Servants ; and the Revolution,
231 c, 253, 265 note ; in 1800, 438,
442 ; the first organized " move
ment " of, in 1825-1837, 527 ff.; see
Industrial Revolution; the long
day, 539, 551; child labor, 539; and
free schools, 540, 547-552; unions,
542; and strikes, 540 ff. ; and "so
ciety," 543; and the courts, 544;
and the press, 545 ; political organi
zation, 548; failure in the panic of
1837, 546 ; aims, 547 ; " man and the
dollar," 550 ; in 1850-1860, 643 ; since
1865, 804 ff. ; organization, 804-806;
strikes, 807-812 ; government by in
junction, 811; and violence, 812;
gains by legislation, 813 ff . ; the
eight-hour day, 814, 815 ; the "closed
shop," 815; and the Clayton Anti-
Trust Act, 845; and the World
War, 873.
Lafayette, 283.
LaFollette, Robert M., 823, 825,
873.
Land policy, see Public Domain.
Lee, Richard Henry, 323, 326, 329,
331.
Lee, Robert E., 669 and note, 700
note.
Legal Tender Acts, 673. See Paper
Money.
Legal Tender Decisions, 711.
Lewis, Meriwether, 467.
Lewis and Clark Explorations,
467, 468.
Lexington, Battle of, 255.
Liberia, 602.
Liberty party, 618.
Lincoln, Abraham, youth, 494; on
Supreme Court and Dred Scott case,
638; debate with Douglas, 639;
presidential nomination, 651; elec
tion, 652-654; inaugural, 661; pol
icy, 662; and the spoils system,
663; and Fort Sumter, 663; call for
volunteers, 664 , and Fremont, 680;
recommends gradual emancipation,
with compensation, 681; Emancipa
tion Proclamation, 682; reelection,
684; murder, 694; and reconstruc
tion, 698-699; and Negro franchise,
702 note.
Livingston, Robert R., 460, 463.
"Living wage" for women,
813 a.
Local government, development in
early Massachusetts, 103-108; New
England town and Virginia county,
167.
Loco Focos, 548, 551.
London Company, 22-25, 32-38, 42-
43.
Lorimer, Senator, expulsion, 841.
Louisiana, 515.
Louisiana Purchase, 460 ; and con
stitutional questions, 461 ; and West
Florida and Texas, 462-465 ; and the
Federalists, 477.
L'Ouverture, Toussaint, 4(50.
Lovejoy, Elijah P., 611.
Lowell, James Russell, quoted on
New England schools, 199; on
national growth, 608 ; on Dred Scott
decision, 638; on right of secession,
659 ; on Sumter, 644.
Loyalists, in American Revolution,
276, 277, 284, 290.
Lundy, Benjamin, 608.
Lundy's Lane, Battle of, 475,
INDEX
36
References are to sections
Lusitania, the, sinking, and contro
versy regarding, 861.
Lyon, Mathew, and Sedition law,
414.
McCulloch K. Maryland, 512.
McDonald, William, on " We the
people" and Webster, 362; on Web
ster's Reply to Hayne, 580; and
passim.
McKinley, William, and tariff cam
paign of 1888, 740 ; election in 1896,
747; and Dingley tariff, ib.; and
Spanish- American War, 759; re
election in 1900, 769; murder, 772.
Maclay, Senator William, objects
to "His most gracious speech," 368 ;
quotes Adams on said phrase, ib.;
and Washington's relation to the
Senate, 369; characterizes Adams,
Hamilton, et al, 369 note.
Madison, James, and call for Fed
eral Convention, 335; "Journal"
of, 336 ; delegate to Federal Conven
tion, 337; author of Virginia Plan,
342; opposes Connecticut Compro
mise, 344 ; and limitation of Federal
franchise, 366; explains "We the
people," 362; characterized by Mac-
lay, 369 note; and the "Bill of
Rights," 371; and the Supreme
Court's jurisdiction over States, 373 ;
and Virginia resolutions, 415 note;
and West Florida, 464 ; and causes
of War of 1812, 470 ; President, 473
and note; recommends war, 473;
after 1815, 487 note; approves sec
ond Bank, 392 ; vetoes " Bonus bill "
(internal improvements), 392; op
poses extension of franchise in Vir
ginia, 564.
Maine, sinking of the, 740.
Maine, State of, 498, 515.
Maize, importance in early settle
ment, 8.
Mann, Horace, and the labor move
ment, 543 ; and educational reform
553.
Manufactures, colonial, early, 39
83; and Navigation Acts, 184; in
eighteenth century, 204-206 ; in 1800,
435; and Industrial Revolution,
which see ; and War of 1812, 487,
526; and rise of protection, see
Tariff; in 1830, 521 ; in New South
after 1880, 727; and recent tariffs,
749.
Marbury v. Madison, 451.
Marietta, 316.
Marshall, John, denies Supreme
Court's jurisdiction over States,
373 ; minister to France, 409 ; Chief
Justice, 451 ; and Marbury v. Madi
son, 451; and implied powers, 512;
opposes extension of franchise in
Virginia, 564; and Jackson, 586.
Martin, Luther, and the names Fed
eralist and Anti, 358 note.
Maryland, colony of, 50-57 ; leads in
establishing American relation of
States and Territories, 308, 309.
Mason, George, and Virginia Bill
of Rights, 262; in Federal Conven
tion, 337; lonely champion there of
democracy, 339; refuses to sign
Constitution and opposes ratifica
tion, 343; champions the West, 349;
opposes the foreign slave trade, 351 ;
favors manhood franchise, 356.
Mason and Dixon's Line, 171.
Mason and Slidell, seizure of, 688.
Massachusetts, the Bay colony,
73 ff . ; becomes a Puritan common
wealth, 77-79; the "great migra
tion," 79, 80; life in early days, 82,
83: aristocracy and democracy, 81-
95; Watertown protest, 90; first
representative government in, 91,
92; social classes, 94; colonial fran
chise, 95; development of ballot,
96-98; jury trial, 100; written laws,
101 ; first American bicameral legis
lature, 102 ; denies free speech, 102 ;
ideal, aristocratic theocracy, 109-
113; local government, 103; reli
gious persecution, 114-119; nullifies
New England Confederation, 130-
131; and Navigation Acts, 138, 141,
142; under Andros, 147 ff.; and
charter of 1691, 153 ; a " royal prov-
INDEX
References are to sections
ince," 188; resists royal demand for
fixed salary for governors, 189 ; and
decay of Puritanism, 194; and
witchcraft persecution, 196; and
schools, 199; first referendum (on
ratification of State constitution),
265 ; first modern veto, 268 ; church
and state in 1780, 269; graded fran
chise, 271; Western claims, 308;
emancipation, 262, 602.
Massachusetts Bay Charter, 75;
transfer to America, 79; question
of return, 84-86; voided in 1684,
147; second charter (1691), 153.
Massachusetts Bay Company,
74, 75; merged in colony, 79.
Matthews, Samuel, 49.
May, Samuel J., 609, 632.
Mayflower, the, 64, 67.
Mayflower Compact, the, 65.
Merrimac, the, and the Monitor, 668.
Mexico, War of 1846, 620-622; and
Monroe Doctrine in 1865, 712 ; recent
relations with United States, 847, 864
"Midnight judges," 422.
Mississippi, Territory, 306; State of,
498.
Mississippi River, question of navi
gation of, for the early West, 305 ;
and the Pinckney treaty, 407.
Missouri, 498, 515.
Missouri Compromise, 515, 605;
and Kansas Bill, 634; and Dred
Scott decision, 637.
Mitchell, John, and the Coal Strike,
810.
Money, value in seventeenth century,
18.
Monitor and Merrimac, 668.
Monmouth, Battle of, 283.
Monroe, James, and Louisiana
Purchase, 460; after 1816, 487 note;
veto of internal improvement bill,
492.
Monroe Doctrine, 504, 505; and
Mexico in 1865, 712; and the Vene
zuelan Arbitration in Cleveland's
administration, 758 c ; and Ger
many and Venezuela in Roosevelt's
administration, 772-773.
Montana, 726.
Montcalm, 182.
Mormonism, 559.
Merrill Bill, the, 677.
Morris, Gouverneur, denounces
democracy in Philadelphia Conven
tion, 338; work in Committee on
Style, 343 /; opposes Connecticut
Compromise, 344; jealousy of the
West, 349 ; advocates limiting fran
chise, 356 ; on danger in Jefferson's
election, 426; delight at Hartford
Convention, 481.
Moten, Charles Robert, 721.
Mugwumps, 738.
Napoleon, see Bonaparte.
National Bank, the First, 380; and
implied powers, 381 ; Second (1816) ,
492; and State opposition, 512; and
implied powers, 512; and Jackson,
576-578, 586-587; and politics, 577;
and the artificial "panic" of 1834,
586.
National banking system of 1863,
675.
National Republicans, 520 ; become
Whigs, 578.
National Road, 455, 491.
Nat Turner's Rising, 610.
Naturalization, 401 note; law of
1798, 412; repeal of said law, 447.
Navigation Acts, English, 1660-
1663, 138-140; after 1690, 184, 185;
and the Revolution, 216, 220, 221.
Nebraska, 726.
Neutrality, in the World War,
858, 864.
"Neutrality Proclamation" of
Washington, 386-398.
New England, separate colonies to
1660, 58-127 ; Confederation of, 128-
131; from 1660 to 1690, 145-153;
under Andros, 148-151; settlement
of 1691, 152, 153; varied occupations
in colonial times, 206 ; and the Union
from 1803 to 1815, 477-483.
New England Confederation, 128-
131.
New England Council, the, 58, 74.
INDEX
37
References are to sections
New Hampshire, 120, 128; royal
province, 186; referendum on first
State constitution, 265; aud eman
cipation, 602.
New Haven, 120, 128, 131, 144.
New Jersey, 168.
New Mexico, and Compromise of
1850,629; statehood, 726.
New Orleans, Battle of, 475.
New South, the, 727.
New York, under the Dutch, 169;
representative government, 170; a
royal province, 186 ; Western claims,
308 ; cession of same, 311.
Newburgh Address, Washington's,
286.
Newspapers, colonial, 198; and the
rotary press, 561.
Newtown, 80 note, 124, 125, 126.
Nomination, systems of, in early
Massachusetts, 91, 99; in Federal
government, by Congressional cau
cus, 389, 517 ; by State legislatures,
517 ; after Jackson's victory, by
conventions, 569, 570; by direct
primaries, 825.
North Carolina, fails to ratify Con
stitution, 261 ; accedes to the Union,
384.
North Dakota, see Dakotas.
Northeast Boundary, 407, 598.
Northwest Ordinance (of 1787),
313.
Northwest Posts, 290. See Jay's
Treaty.
Nullification, by Massachusetts in
New England Confederation, 130,
131 ; threatened in Kentucky in
1798-1799, 415 ; and by New England
in Hartford Convention, 482, 483 ; at
tempted in South Carolina, 579-585;
accomplished in Georgia, 586; con
trasted with "ri^ht of revolution,"
417.
Oberlin Collate, admits women,
555.
Ohio, 316, 384; and National Road,
453.
Ohio Company, 313-316.
Oklahoma, 726.
Ordinance of 1784, 312.
Oregon, rise of question, 466-468;
England's claims, 503 ; America
claims all of, 503; history of con
troversy, 503, 617, 619; and the
Progressive movement, 826.
Ostend Manifesto, 623.
Otis, James, 216, 217, 227, 233.
Owen, Robert, 538.
Pacifists, and the World War, 859,
873.
Paine, Thomas, 259, 264, 324.
Panama Canal, 774.
Pan-American Congress of 1889,
758.
"Panics," industrial, of 1819, 509;
artificial, in 1834,586; of 1837,643;
of 1857, 643; of 1873, 778, 780; of
1893, 756 ; of 1907, 834.
Paper Money, 282, 324; Civil War
"Greenbacks," 673, 674; Confed
erate, 678; from 1865 to 1878, 750-
752; and the legal tender decisions,
673, 711.
Parcel Post, 838.
Parker, Alton B., 831 note, 842.
Parker, Theodore, 608.
Party government, 383 ff . ; denned,
393; not foreseen by makers of the
Constitution, 390, 391.
Paternalism, in government, in
French colonies, 16; in early Vir
ginia, 27, 39.
Peace of Paris (1783), 287-290.
Penn, William, 171-175; plan for
union of colonies, 213.
Pennsylvania, 171-175 ; and internal
improvements, 457, 496.
Percy, Captain George, 28.
Peters, Rev. S. A., and " Blue Law "
legend, 193.
Petroleum, 731.
Philippines, the, and Spanish-Amer
ican War, 761-762; ceded to U. S.,
764; described, 767 ; " imperialism,"
768; administration, 770.
Phillips, Wendell, 608.
Pickering, Thomas, and Federalist
INDEX
References are to sections
plots in 1803, 477; and Hartford
Convention, 481.
Pierce, Franklin, 633.
Pike, Zebulon, explorations of, 469.
Pilgrims, the, in Holland, 61, rea
sons for coming to America, 62;
charter from London Company, 63 ;
negotiations with London merchants
for funds, 63 ; terms of partner
ship, ib.; labor in common, 63; set
tlement at Plymouth, which see.
Pinchot, Gifford, 832, 836.
" Pine Tree Shillings," 141.
Pitt, William (the Elder), and con
quest of Canada, 214 ; and writs of
assistance, 216; theory of taxation
and government, 228 ; rejoices that
America has resisted, 230; inca
pacitated by illness, 239.
Pitt, William (the Younger), on the
Revolution, 230.
Plaistowe, Josias, deprived of the
title "Mr.," 94.
Plank roads, 496.
Plantation, the Southern, in colonial
times, 163, 209.
Plymouth, place named by Smith,
58; settlement of Pilgrims at, 64;
expectations of wealth, 66; early
history, 64 ff . ; Mayflower Compact,
65; hardships, 67; failure of indus
try in common, 68 ; settlement with
London partners, 68 : political de
velopment, 69; absorbed in Massa
chusetts, 148.
Plymouth Council, see New Eng
land Council.
Pocahontas, 41.
Poe, Edgar Allan, 556.
Polk, James K., President, 617-618;
and Oregon, 619 ; and Texas, 620 ff . ;
and Mexican War, 621-623; and
Cuba, 623.
Pontiac's War, 219.
Population, in Virginia in 1616, 33 ;
in 1619, 35; in 1624, 40; in Massa
chusetts in 1629-1640, 80; in 1660-
1690, 132; in Virginia, 1660-1690,
154 ; in colonies, 1690-1760, 179 ; in
1775, 200 ; in 1800, 432 ; in 1830, 498,
523 ; in 1840-1850, 624 ; in I860, 643,
646, 647 ; after 1865, 724-726.
Populists, the, 735.
Porto Rico, 764.
Preemption Law, the, demanded
by labor in 1830, 541 ; enacted, 592.
Presidency, electoral college, 353,
390 ; Twelfth amendment, 424 ; " two
term principle," 452; gain in power
after Jackson, 567; and patronage,
572. See Elections and Presidents
by name.
Prigg ". Pennsylvania, 383.
Primaries, direct nomination by, 828.
Priscilla (Alden), and her "mark,"
198.
" Progressive Movement," the,
since 1896, 825 ff .
Progressive Party, organized, 844;
in election of 1912, 845; in 1916, 862.
Prohibition, 833.
" Protection " in tariffs, in 1789, 374 ;
after 1815, 507. See Tariffs.
Public Domain, the, acquired by
State cessions, 308-311; (for exten
sions, see Territorial Growth) ; na
tional policy in, in 1800, 458 ; in 1820,
489; and Foote's Resolution, 580;
Preemption law, 592; and earlier
" settlers' associations, "593; Home
stead law, 541, 641, 677; waste and
looting after 1865, 732.
Public Service Corporations, de
fined, 562; and "water," 779; and
political corruption, 798-802. See
Railroads, Special Privilege.
Pullman Strike, the, 809; and "gov
ernment by injunction," 811.
Puritanism, becomes factor in colo
nization, 58, 77; described, 59; par
ties in, 59; see Plymouth and other