- I.I5
+ -74
+ i-77
1-39
0.15
2
+ 0.03
- 1.56
0.24
+ 0.26
0-56
+ 2.16
1. 01
0.13
4
+ 0.02
1. 21
+ 0.51
+ 0.31
1.41
- 0.74
- 0.89
o-49
6
+ 0.22
- O.2O
0.13
+ 0.56
1-57
0.86
- o-49
0.36
8
+ 0.19
+ 1-9
+ O.02
+ 1-03
i. ii
o-33
0.23
+ 0.21
10
+ 0-25
+ 1-05
+ O.OI
+ 0.50
0.63
0.28
+ 1. 16
+ 0.29
12
+ O.22
+ L78
+ 0.14
+ 0.52
+ 0.42
0.62
+ J-70
+ 0.59
M
O.O6
+ i-95
0.12
+ 0.64
+ 0.91
0.62
+ I-5I
+ 0.60
16
0.30
+ 0.45
0.29
+ 0.18
+ 1.16
o-39
-f i-59
+ 0.34
18
+ 0.19
o-37
+ 0.08
+ 1. 12
+ 0.84
o. 16
+ 0.90
+ o-37
20
O.2O
1.07
+ 0.18
- I. 7 6
+ 0-73
- 0.18
0.98
- 0.47
22
o-57
J-53
0.38
2.22
+ 0.52
+ 0.28
- 1.89
0.83
Mean month-
ly values ....
+ 5-3
11.84
15-71
15-92
I5-9I
18.98
8.86
11.70
Monthly val-
ues 1899- 1900
+ 6.01
+ 1-72
1-55
-8.57
16.92
18.31
6.70
6.33
The above series being of only seven months' duration, no very elaborate reductions are
possible. Analytical expressions representing the daily variation in temperature have been
derived from the results by means of Bessel's periodic function (see page 289) to terms of the
third order. The resulting amplitudes and phase angles are shown in the following tabulation,
while the curves computed from the same are shown in figure 2.
* Osservazioni scientifiche esquite durante la spedizione Polare di S. A. R. Luigi Amedeo di Savoia, Duca
degli Abruzzi, 1899-1900. Milan, 1903. Pp. 331-357- (Relazione sulle osservazioni meteorologiche fatta dal
Professore Giovanni Battista Rizzo. )
\
DIURNAL VARIATION IN TEMPERATURE AT TEPLITZ BAY
(Inci easing ordinates up denote increasing temperatures.)
FIGURE 3
DIURNAL VARIATION IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT TEPLITZ BAY
( Iiu-r < i->iii^; nnlinrtte-i updrnote inrreafliup pleasure.)
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
475
Summary of amplitudes and phase angles of periodic functions representing the diurnal variation in
temperature at Tcplilz Bay
A 1= BI sin (0 f C,) + B t sin (20 + Q + B t sin (38 + C,)
Month
Amplitudes
Phase angles
#,
B,
B 3
c.
c.
^3
1903-1904
F
F
F
o /
/
/
October
0.24
0.04
0.15
320 42
274 22
349 35
November
1.76
0.21
o-34
274 34
209 03
122 53
December
0.08
0.04
0.17
7 50
2 7 6 3 8
297 18
January
1.08
0.70
0.51
298 55
322 oo
18 52
February
1.26
0.40
0.18
182 27
77 37
101 19
March
0.86
0.64
0.65
90 16
78 02
4i 35
April
1.65
0-45
0.32
254 37
o 53
4 07
October to
April
o-53
O.lg
0.23
257 52
3i 45
34 23
NoTK. In these expressions the angle is to be reckoned from o hour A. M. as o*
SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF ZIEGLER POLAR EXPEDITION
DIURNAL, VARIATION IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
The barograms made at Teplitz Bay during the period of regular daily observation have
been reduced to the standard of the mercurial barometer used. By graphical methods the
mean daily curves for each month have been deduced ; the diurnal inequalities so obtained are
exhibited in the table following, pressure greater than the mean of day being indicated by plus
signs, and vice versa. The mean monthly values for the corresponding period October, 1899, to
April, 1900, as obtained by the Italian Expedition* are entered for the sake of comparison,
the quantities having been reduced to English measure.
Summary of mean monthly diurnal variation in atmospheric pressure at Teplitz Bay
From barograms October, 1903, to April, 1904
Local mean
time
Month of
October
to
April
October,
November,
December,
January,
February,
March,
April,
1903
1903
1903
1904
1904
1904
1904
h
In.
In.
In.
In.
In.
In.
In.
In.
o
+ .005
+ .018
.020
+ Qi5
+ .024
.004
+ .008
\ -007
2
+ 015
+ 013
+ .009
.012
+ .016
.013
+ .009
+ .005
4
+ .017
-f .010
+ .OIO
.006
+ .022
.019
.008
f .004
6
+ .003
.000
+ .002
.016
+ .016
.015
.016
.004
8
.001
.017
.006
.015
+ .008
.021
.017
.010
10
.001
.015
.001
.028
.017
.OOO
.013
.Oil
12
.005
OI2
.008
.010
.018
+ .009
.007
.007
14
.007
.005
+ 012
+ .003
.023
+ .027
+ .013
+ .003
16
.004
+ .003
+ .OOI
.000
.OI2
+ .017
+ .014
+ .003
18
.006
.001
.OOO
+ .012
.OIO
+ .026
+ .011
+ .005
20
.006
+ 007
.005
+ .024
.005
+ .003
+ .002
+ .003
22
.008
.006
+ .OOI
+ 032
.001
.008
.002
+ .OOI
Mean month-
ly values. . ,
29.813
29-503
29.882
29-459
29.815
29.605
29.670
29.678
Monthly val-
ues 1899-1900
29-553
29.698
30.064
30.027
30.188
29-993
29.914
29.920
In view of the fact that observations for only seven months of the year are available, no
very elaborate reduction of the above diurnal variation quantities has been attempted. Ana-
lytical expressions representing the daily variation in atmospheric pressure indicated by these
results have been derived by means of Bessel's periodic function (see page 289) to terms of the
third order. The resulting amplitudes and phase angles are shown in the following tabula-
tion, and the diurnal variation curves computed from the same are represented graphically in
figure 3.
* Osservazioni scientifiche esequite durante la spedizione Polare di S. A. R. I/uigi Amedeo di Savoia, Duca
degli Abruzzi, 1899-1900. Milan, 1903. Pp. 331-357. (Relazione sulle osservazioni meteorologiche fatta dal
Prof essore Giovanni Battista Rizzo. )
a
E
9
H
o
H
I
F
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
477
Summaiy of amplitudes and phase angles of periodic f^tnctions representing the diurnal variation in
atmospheric pressure at Teplitz Bay
bp = Bi sin (0 Q /?, sin (26 Q J3 3 sin (30 Q
Month
Amplitudes
Phase angles
*i
B t
*,
r,
5
Q
1903-1904
In.
In.
In.
/
o /
9 f
October
.009
.006
.003
34 02
358 55
343 9
November
.Oil
.008
.000
97 26
358 28
351 15
December
.000
.007
.003
310 14
332 42
252 02
January
.022
.004
.008
142 24
168 41
189 28
February
.021
.004
.003
52 06
309 06
98 08
March
.021
.006
.000
209 02
12 19
352 24
April
.012
.009
.003
164 15
15 19
56 19
October to
April. . . .
.OO7
.004
.000
126 42
356 16
NoTK. In these expressions the angle 6 counts from o hour A. M. as o.
SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF ZIEGLER POLAR EXPEDITION
DAILY WIND MOVEMENT
Tabulation of mean monthly diurnal wind movement recorded at Teplitz Bay
September i, 1903, to May 25, 1905
Month
Wind movement for the hour preceding
IH
2H
3H
4H
5H
6a
7H
SH
9 H
I OH
IIH
I2H
I 3 H
1903
September
Mi.
12.2
12.4
16.2
23.2
I4.I
18.6
'3-4
9.0
10.5
8-3
8-3
8.2
14.0
'5-o
13-4
15-5
17.6
23 i
15-9
15-6
IS.5
Mi.
12.9
13.2
15.8
22.4
14 4
19.2
12.9
9-9
IO.I
8-9
8-5
8.4
14.9
15-3
14-2
16.5
15-7
23.2
16 5
14.4
16.2
Mi.
12.2
13-3
15-4
22. 3
16.2
19.2
12.2
9-5
10.3
10.
9-7
7-7
15-5
15-2
13-6
17-5
IS 3
23.2
16.9
14.9
15-7
Mi.
it 5
14.7
16.1
20.7
18.2
19.7
11.4
9i
10.8
9 '<
9.6
8.1
16.5
16.6
13.6
18.6
18.0
23.4
17.6
14.1
15-2
Mi.
10.9
14.8
16.0
22.5
17.4
20. o
IO.O
9-i
10.7
12.4
8.8
7-9
17.0
17.1
13-3
17.5
17.1
23-4
17.3
14-3
15-3
Mi.
10.3
15.6
15.1
23-7
15-7
20 o
9-3
9-3
10 6
8.9
8-7
8.2
17.0
16.5
12.2
16.0
15-5
23-9
16.5
13-7
15.2
Mi.
10.3
14-4
15.8
25-4
17.2
19.8
10.6
IO.O
10.7
9-7
8.7
8-3
15-3
15.9
12.2
16.6
15.2
24.4
15.7
13.5
15.2
Mi.
H.5
15-6
15-1
28.0
18.2
18.8
n. i
lo-S
10.7
9-4
9-5
8.1
14.8
16.5
ii. 6
16.8
15-1
24 8
15.7
14-3
14.1
Mi.
ii. i
16.1
15-0
27.5
18.4
19.4
10.5
IO.I
10.8
9-5
10.4
8.1
14.6
16.0
II .2
17.2
14.9
24.9
15.7
13.8
IS-?
Mi.
12.2
14. r
14.8
25.6
19.1
21. 1
10. I
IO.O
10.8
9.2
10.2
7-5
14.0
15.0
IO.O
17.0
16.0
25-1
16.2
13.9
15.2
Mi.
13.8
14-5
14.0
25 2
18 5
21. I
10.5
8.5
"5
9-4
10 4
7.6
14.1
14.9
12.5
16.7
16.7
25.4
14.7
12.6
15.8
Mi.
14.0
14 6
15-2
26.6
18.3
20. o
99
8-3
11.4
10.2
10.9
8-3
13-5
14.4
ii. 8
15.8
iS.i
24.6
14.8
13.6
15.8
Mi.
12. I
15.0
16.0
26.8
19.7
20.7
10.3
8.8
11.9
IO.I
ii. 8
7.6
12.5
15-1
13-5
15.6
17.0
25.0
la.o
13.8
15-3
December
1904
Tune .
July
October. ...
1905
February. . ...
April .
May
Mean of all
14-3
H.5
14.6
14.9
14.9
14.4
14.5
14.8
14.8
14.6
14-7
14.8
14.9
Mean year 1904.. . .
12.4
12.8
13-1
13-5
13-4
12.7
12.9
13-0
13-0
12.8
13-0
12.7
13-1
Tabulation of mean monthly diurnal ivind movement recorded at Teplitz Bay Continued
September i, 1903, to May 25, 1905
Month
Wind movement for the hour preceding
Average
daily total
I4H
I5H
l6H
I7H
i8u
ign
20H
2IH
22H
23H
Mi.
13-4
II
16.9
23.7
13-4
17.6
12.3
8.6
II. 2
9-7
9-5
8.0
13.0
15-5
12. 1
I6. 5
17-4
23.2
16.4
17.2
ib 6
2411
1903
September
Mi.
"3
'5 i
16.7
25 -8
18.2
19.1
IO.I
8-5
12.6
10.3
12.2
7-8
12 4
16.8
13.0
16.4
16.8
25-1
13 5
13-5
15-8
Mi.
12.3
14.1
15-5
26.3
17.0
17.0
IO.I
8.4
12.6
IO.I
ii. 3
8.1
13.4
16.7
13-9
15.5
16.9
25-3
14.2
12.3
15-2
Mi.
12.6
12.2
16.1
26.4
16.6
16.3
12. I
8.8
12.4
9.6
ii. i
7.8
13.4
15-9
13-7
16.1
17.0
24.9
13-1
12.8
16.3
Mi.
13 -8
II.
15.9
24.5
17.8
16.2
12.9
9-3
11.9
9-7
H-4
7-3
13-1
16.8
13-7
16.2
17.8
26.3
13.0
13.7
15-9
Mi.
14.6
12.5
15-6
22.8
l8. 3
16.6
14-5
10.6
n-3
8.9
10.5
7-8
12. 1
17 6
13-3
15-5
16.7
25 5
14.1
14.2
14.6
Mi.
13.8
11.4
15-9
21.8
18 4
16.7
14.0
10.8
ii 9
8.7
10.4
9.0
12.
18 o
12.4
14.2
18.5
21.3
14.1
14.0
H-5
Mi.
14.8
II. 2
16.9
25 3
17 o
16.2
13.0
IO.2
10.9
8.6
9-9
8.9
12. I
17.0
12.2
13.4
18.1
23.1
I3.9
15.6
15-5
Mi.
14-3
10.9
17.4
24-1
13-9
15.4
13.0
9-9
10.9
9.2
10 3
9-6
12.5
15.6
ii. 6
15-9
17.8
25-1
15-1
16.6
15-2
Mi.
14-5
II .2
16.4
24.7
13-5
I 5 .6
I3-I
94
ii 5
10. I
10.2
9-2
12.5
15.4
ii-5
15-9
18.5
24.8
16.1
17.6
15-2
Mi.
13-1
ii. 6
16.8
24 9
14.4
17.1
12.5
8.8
10.6
9-5
9-2
8.6
13-9
15-3
12.3
16.4
16.4
22.6
15.7
16.1
16.0
Mi.
302.9
320.4
380.7
590.3
403.8
441.4
279.7
225.3
268.5
230.0
241-3
196.0
334-1
384.2
302.8
389-7
404.0
581.4
366.8
346.2
371-5
October
December
1904
January . . .
February
March . ...
April .
May . ..... .
June
July . .
August. . ...
September
October
November
December
1905
January . . ....
February
March
April ....
May
Mean of all
1 4 . S
14.4
14-5
14-7
14.6
14.4
14-5
14.5
14.6
14.4
14.4
35-5
Mean year 1904
3-i
12.8
12.8
13 .0
13 i
13 o
12.4
12 3
12.3
12.3
12.4
308.1
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
479
REDUCTION OF OBSERVATIONS AT CAPE FI,ORA
Summary of mean monthly daily records at Cape Flora
June, 1904, to July, 1905
Month
Reduced barometer
Reading of
Fahrenheit thermometer
Precipitation
8n
I2H
20H
8H
I2H
20H
8H
I2H
20H
Total
June. .
In.
29.84
29.67
29-93
29.56
29.36
29.38
29.56
29.19
29-39
29.65
30.09
29.61
29.64
29.89
In.
29.84
29.68
29-93
29-58
29.42
29.42
29-58
29.22
2942
29.68
7,0.12
29.66
In.
29.83
29.69
29-93
29-58
29.38
29.44
29.58
29.23
19.44
29 68
30.11
2967
29.67
29.91
O
+31-2
+35-7
+33-6
+ 21.4
+ '3-i
~I34
13-4
20.6
7-5
6.0
+ 1-5
+23.2
+3-3
+34 i
o
+3 2 3
+36.1
+34-9
+22.0
+ 13-8
-13-7
14.2
19.6
7-2
- 4-7
+ 4-1
+24.1
o
+31.3
+34-9
+33-2
+20.9
+ 12.0
12.4
14.3
19.4
-8.4
7-5
+ 4-4
+239
+304
+33-6
In.
75
.63
1.44
I. 10
99
.08
74
1.48
.90
1-38
1.03
.88
50
1.28
In.
.08
.09
.29
.12
47
.10
23
78
.26
.ro
.16
17
In.
.11
-57
.12
13
I.O4
73
7i
MS
1.17
-56
37
.46
-56
.62
In.
94
1.29
1.85
1-35
2.50
9i
i 68
341
2.33
2.04
1.56
i-5i
1.06
1.90
July .
August
September. . .
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
July
Mean June, 1904, to
May. IQOS . .
29.602
29.629
29.630
+ 82
+ 9-o
+ 8.2
95
.24
59
1.78
Summary of mean monthly daily records at Cape Flora Continued
June, 1904, to July, 1905
Self-registering Fahrenheit thermometer
Month
8
H
I2H
2C
H
Mean
Max.
Min.
Max.
Max.
Min.
tremes
June
O
+33.3
+ 27.7
O
+ 3*. 4
+34.5
4-2Q.5
o
4-71 2
o
7 2
July
+ 77. I
+ V 6
-1-^7.2
-( - in 4
4-77 I
4-7C C
8 2
August. . . .
+ -J5.2
+30.0
+715.8
+ 17 7
-4-7 / O
+ 77 8
8 a
September .... ....
+23 5
+ 17.7
+ 22.8
+24 o
+ 18.1
+ 20 6
8 8
October
+ 16.2
+ 9.1
+ 14.9
+16.4
4- 88
4-12 \
HC
November .
- 8.9
17.2
II. 4
89
17 2
12 Q
I 7 1
December ....
9.3
18.6
10.7
II 2
18 2
I "\ Q
12 **
January
14.7
25 o
18.7
15.2
24, 5
IQ S
16 i
February
^ i
I *.Q
52
1C
12 S
March.. ...... .... .
2.O
12. q
l.d
12
IO Q
60
]6 2
April
+ 5.2
3-5
+ 5- 2
+ 9.1
O.I
4- -i 7
14 I
May
+ 25.5
+20.4
+25.4
+ 28.3
-1-2O.Q
-j-24 4
98
June ...
+31.6
+27.6
+ -U 6
4-28 7
4-1O 7
6 - ,
July
+35.1
+31-1
+ 18. 1
+ 71 7
4-7J 7
7 6
+ 11. S
+ 1 8
4-IO 4
I A Q
4_ ft a
II 8
480
SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF ZIEGLER POLAR EXPEDITION
Tabular summary of percentages of observed ivind directions at Cape Flora
May, 1904, to December, 1904
Direc-
tion
May, 1904
June, 1904
July, 1904
Aug., 1904
Sept., 1904
Oct., 1904
Nov., 1904
Dec., 1904
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
8H
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
7
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
N
NNE
NE
%
%
%
%
%
3
IO
%
10
%
%
6
7
13
IO
3
IO
IO
IO
10
23
IO
7
17
10
3
17
10
23
20
7
3
%
10
6
6
'3
10
13
18
18
18
3
7
7
10
10
13
16
3
10
3
7
7
ENE
19
..
IO
7
3
3
3
3
6
3
IO
E
9
9
i?
27
20
6
3
6
29
26
19
7
7
IO
29
29
35
13
IO
3
20
29
23
ESE
9
3
10
IO
16
6
16
6
6
3
3
3
7
6
6
SE
SSE
S
ssw
sw
wsw
w
18
9
27
18
33
3
3
23
3
6
3
3
6
6
IO
6
29
3
6
26
IO
29
7
7
7
3
7
6
10
3
20
17
17
3
6
3
3
3
3
3
3
36
9
9
27
9
36
7
IO
10
6
3
3
3
3
3
7
3
17
'3
13
19
19
IO
3
IO
13
17
6
13
10
7
7
13
3
3
3
WNW
9
3
7
3
3
..
3
..
13
3
6
3
6
3
NW
NNW
Calm
IO
3
3
23
3
3
29
6
23
3
3
3
3
6
16
27
3
7
43
50
13
13
10
10
13
IO
17
3
IO
16
16
IO
13
3
3
3
3
3
10
17
17
Tabular summary of percentages of observed wind directions at Cape Flora
January, 1905, to July, 1905
Direction
Jan., 1905
Feb., 1905
March, 1905
April, 1905
May, 1905
June, 1905
July, 1905
8H
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
SH
I2H
20H
N
10
16
3
*
%
4
6
16
6
7
3
3
6
IO
6
IO
%
7
":.
%
10
NNE
13
I
IO
4
t
NE
13
13
17
7
18
4
16
10
6
13
7
10
13
13
10
7
3
ENE
3
7
7
4
3
6
6
IO
7
7
6
6
10
7
E
23
29
23
32
39
39
19
16
19
23
23
23
16
23
6
3
13
J 3
24
ESE
6
6
10
18
18
ii
3
6
3
3
6
3
3
3
3
SE
6
10
IO
ii
ii
3
3
27
17
20
6
3
3
3
13
7
SSE
6
i
6
S
j
1
3
IO
SSW
7
3
6
2
i
7
SW
3
7
3
6
3
3
6
6
13
17
3
WSW
6
i
*
t
3
w
3
3
4
. .
13
7
3
IO
10
6
3
23
2O
23
21
WNW
i
7
IO
7
NW
6
3
IO
7
7
7
19
16
IO
3
19
16
26
17
7
7
3
NNW
7
Calm
16
16
7
18
7
18
19
13
23
10
23
20
IO
3
10
7
7
33
14
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
481
DIURNAL VARIATION IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
The barograms at Cape Flora have been reduced to the aneroid barometer used at this
station and the mean daily curves for each month deduced graphically. The values of the
diurnal variation thus obtained are given in the following tabulation, pressures greater than
mean of day being indicated by plus signs, and vice versa.
Summary of mean monthly diurnal variation in atmospheric pressure at Cape Flora
From barograms June, 1904, to May, 1905
Local
meau
time
Month of
Year
June,
1904
July,
1904
Aug.,
1904
Sept.,
1904
Oct.,
1904
Nov.,
1904
Dec.,
1904
Jan.,
Feb.,
M'ch,
1905
Apr.,
195
May,
1905
June, 1904,
to May,
h
In.
+ .002
In.
.000
In.
.OOI
In.
+ .018
In.
- .009
In.
.001
In.
+ .009
In.
+ .OOI
In.
+ .008
In.
.009
In.
.010
In.
+ -009
In.
+ .001
2
+ -003
- .009
.004
+ -007
+ -002
.020
+ .001
+ .008
.002
-.004
007
.012
.003
4
+ .004
.Oil
.010
.006
.007
.019
.004
+ .002
.Ol6
+ .002
-.007
.014
.007
6
+ .002
.014
.002
.014
.015
.022
.005
.002
.016
.010
-.009
-.031
.Oil
8
+ -004
- .013
+ -003
-023
.027
.028
.Oil
-.013
.030
.020
.013
- 038
- .017
10
.001
.006
-.005
.016
" -003
- .015
.006
+ .001
-.017
-.006
.005
- .015
.008
12
+ .001
.002
+ .006
.004
+ .026
+ -003
+ .009
+ -013
.002
+ .006
+ -015
+ .008
+ -007
M
+ .004
+ -007
+ -005
+ .008
+ -025
+ .016
+ .007
+ .004
+ .008
+ .015
+ .010
+ .018
+ -oil
16
+ -005
+ -015
+ .006
+ .Oil
+ .014
+ -015
+ .008
+ .008
+ .Oil
+ .009
4- .009
+ .021
+ .Oil
18
-.004
+ .010
.001
+ -009
+ -014
+ .023
+ .008
.003
+ -014
+ -007
+ -004
+ -023
+ -009
20
-.009
+ -Oil
.000
.000
.007
+ -027
.000
.012
+ .020
+ .010
+ -009
+ -O2I
+ .006
22
.010
-f .010
+ .OOI
+ .012
.009
+ .022
- .015
.OOI
+ -023
+ .002
.000
+ .008
+ .004
Mean 1
monthly I
values J
29.839
29.680
29.926
29.581
29.391
29.412
29-576
29.206
29.419
29.671
30.105
29.647
29.621
As the above results depend upon an aneroid barometer on which correction to standard
was obtained only before and not after the completion of the work, and as the constancy of
adjustment of the instrument is in doubt, it has not been thought advisable to make any
extended reductions from the Cape Flora results. Formulae representing the diurnal variation
have been derived from the observations, as above, by means of Bessel's periodic function (see
page 289) to terms of the third order. The resulting amplitudes and phase angles are shown
in the following table, and the curves computed from the same are represented in figure 4.
482
SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF ZIEGLER POLAR EXPEDITION
Summary of amplitudes and phase angles of periodic functions representing the diurnal variation in
atmospheric pressure at Cape Flora
A p = ^ sin (0 + C, I + /?, sin (26 + C,) + B s sin (30 + Q
Month
Amplitudes
Phase angles
*i
B t
B 3
c,
Q
G
1904-1905
June
July
August
In.
.004
.014
.004
In.
.004
.000
,000
In.
.003
.000
.003
/
324 47
179 10
224 07
/
2 29
/
83 09
151 42
138 59
104 02
September
.014
009
.003
145 59
39 28
110 19
October
.016
.013
006
219 37
29 1 6
289 20
November
.026
.000
006
177 24
158 12
221 47
December
006
.006
.003
202 56
17 21
4 14
January
ooo
.009
.000
259 '3
38 2 7
33 4'
February
.022
003
.003
158 44
79 oo
213 43
March
.OIO
.006
.006
I9 1 57
5 30
254 54
April
.Oil
ooo
.006
209 37
4O 22
253 55
May
.027
.007
.003
177 27
42 45
273 oi
Year
.Oil
.006
.coo
184 31
33 4i
240 57
NOTE. In these expressions the angle 8 counts from o hour A. M.
as o c
GENERAL REMARKS
It is of interest to note that the corrections necessary to the means of the daily observa-
tions made at 8 A. M., noon, and 8 p. M. to obtain the mean results from continuous registra-
tion of atmospheric pressure and temperature are small. Thus at Teplitz Bay this correction
over the period of observation to reduce the mean of the three daily readings of thermometers
to mean thermogratn is o. 10 F ; corresponding correction for atmospheric pressure is .005
inch. At Cape Flora, where only barograms were made, the correction is .003 inch.
In connection with storm periods it was found that the temperature was even a better
means of forecasting than the barometer, sudden and rapid rising of temperature being almost
always accompanied by severe storms. Typical storm thermograms and barograms recorded
at Teplitz Bay are shown in figures 4 and 5.
As will be seen from the tabulations of percentages of observed wind directions, the pre-
vailing winds at Teplitz Bay are from the east; during September to December, 1903, in
general from the east and southeast ; during January and February, 1904, iu general from the
east and south; during March and April, 1904, generally from the north and east. At Cape
Flora, as already stated, the proximity of the high cliffs interferes with the winds ; as recorded
the prevailing winds during October to April are from the east and northeast, during May to
July from the west and northwest, while during August and September they are variable with
no very decided preponderance of direction. The summary of hourly wind movements at
Teplitz Bay does not indicate any very characteristic diurnal variation over the mean period
of record.
\
\
DIURNAL VARIATION IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT CAPE FLORA
(Increasing orclinates up denote increasing pressures.)
METEOROLOGICAL, OBSERVATIONS