History of the town of Kirkland, New York (Volume 1) online

Bristol family, the Strong family, the Stebbins family,
the Kirkland family, of Gould Benedict, Solomon John-
son, of Dr. Sewall Hopkins, Dr. Benjamin W. Dwight,
Othniel Williams, and others hardly less prominent and
useful in this society.

At the time of which we now speak, the district school
on the Green was an important tributary to the gram-
mar school, as the latter was to the college. The weath-
er-cock on the turret of the old academy, pointing inflex-
ibly (it was rusty at the joints) towards College Hill,
did thus but indicate its firm friendship for the institu-
tion, and direct its students on the road to liberal learn-
ing.

In all families from New England the Sabbath was



THE END. 199

then held to begin precisely at sunset of Saturday, and to
end at the same hour on Sunday. Both on the farm and
in the household, there was a seasonable cleaning up and
setting of things to rights, so that sundown might take
no one by surprise.

In those days, riding was done quite largely on horse-
back, a pillion or blanket behind the ordinary saddle
furnishing a favorite seat for women. As illustrating
the customs of the time, let me relate that soon after the
opening of Hamilton Oneida Academy, young Stiles
Parmele, then living on the farm now owned by his
son, was wont to ride to this school on horseback. Quite
often in stormy weather, he stopped of a morning at the
house of Amos Kellogg, when a blooming young girl
would run out from her father's door, and, throwing a
shawl over the haunches of the horse, jump on and ride
behind her gallant to school. I may reasonably feel an
interest in that little girl, for she afterwards became my
mother. With the writing of whose beloved name, let
me close this book.



APPENDIX.



A.



Catalogue of Trees and Plants found in the Town of
Kirkland, iV. Y.



PHyENOGAMIA.

I. DICOTYLEDONS.

1. ANGIOSPERM^.

A. POLYPETALOUS
RANUNCULACE^].

Clematis, L.

Viryiniana, L.
Hepatica, Dillenius.

Triloba,
Thalictrum, Tournefort.

Dioicum, L.

Cornuti, L.
Ranunculus, L.

Pennsylvanicus, L.

Acris, L.
Caltha, L.

Palustris, L.
Trollius, L.

Laxus, Salisbury.
Coptis, Sails.

Trifolia, Salis.
quilegia, Tournefort.

Canadensis, L.



Floivering Plants.

Dicotyledons.

Angiosperms.

EXOGBNS.

Crowfoots.

Virgin's Bower.

Virginian Clematis.

Hepatica, Liver-leaf.

Three-lobe-leaved Hepatica.

Rue.

Early Rue.

Meadow Rue.

Buttercup.

Bristly Buttercup.

Yellow-weed.

Spring Cowslip.

Marsh Marigold.

American Globe-flower.

Spreading Trollius.

Goldthread.

Three-leaved Coptis.

Columbine.

American Columbine.



202



APPENDIX.



Hydrastis, L.

Canadensis, L.
Act/ea. L.

Spicata, L.
Cimicifuga, L.

Eacemosa, Elliott.

MAGXOL1ACE.E.

LlRIODEXDROX, L.

Tulipifera, L.

MENISPERMACEiE.
Mexispermum, L.
Canadense, L.

BERBERIDACE.E.
Caulophyllum, Michaux.

Thalictroides, Michaux.
Podophyllum, L.

Peltatum, L.

SARRACENIACEJE.

Sarracexia, Tournefort.
Purpurea, L.

PAPAVERACE^S.

ClIELIDOXIUM, L.

Saxguixaria, Dillenius.
Canadensis, L.

FUMARIACE^E.
Dicextra, Borkhausen.
Cucullaria, DC.
Canadensis, DC.

FUMARIA, L.

Officinalis, L.

CRUCIFER^.
Nasturtium, R. Brown.

Armoracia, Fries.
Dextaria, L.

Diphylla, L.
Arabis, L.

Dentata, Torr. Sr Gray.



Herb Yellow-root.

Orange-root.

Baneberry.

Spicate Aetata.

Snakeroot.

Black-rooted, Racemed Cimicifuga.

Magnolias.

Tulip-tree.

Tulip-bearing Liriodendron.

Moonseeds.

Moonseed.

Canadian Menispermum.

Berberids.

Blue Cohosh.

Rue-like Caulophyllum.

Mandrake-
Peltate Podophyllum .

Water-pitchers.

Pitcher-plant.

Purple- flowered Sarracenia.

Poppies.

Celandine.

Bloodroot.

Canadian Sanguinaria.

Fumitories.

Dicentra.

Dutchman's Breeches.

Squirrel-corn.

Garden Fumitory.

Officinal Fumaria.

Crucifers.

Cress.

Horseradish .

Toothwort.

Two-leaved Dentaria.

Wall-cress.

Dentate-leaved Rock-cress.



APPENDIX.



203



Erysimum, L.

Cheiranthoides, L.

Sihapis, Town.

Arvensis, L.
Capsella, Vent.
Bursa-Pastoris.

VIOLACE2E.

Viola, L.

Lanceolata, L.
Striata, Alton.
Pubescens, Alton.

DROSERACE.E.
Drosera, L.

Rotundifolia, L.

HYPERICACE^E.
Hypericum, L.
Perforatum, L.

CARYOPHYLLACE^.

Agrostemma, L.

Githago, L.
Stellaria, L.

Media, Smith.
Cerastidm, L.

Vulgatum, L.

PORTULACACE.E.

Clattonia.

Caroliniana, Michaux.

MALVACEAE.

Malva, L.

Rotundifolia, L.
Moschata, L.

TILIACE^.

TlLIA, L.

Americana, L.

OXAL1DACE.E.
Oxalis, L.

Acetosella, L.



Treacle Mustard.

Wallflower -like Mustard.

True Mustard.

Charlock.

Shepherd' s-purse .
Violets.

Lance-leaved Violet.

Veined-flowered Violet.

Downy Yellow Violet.

Sundew.

Sundew.

Round-leaved Sundew.

St.John's-worts.

Hyperica.

Perforated Hypericum.

Pinks.

Cockle.

Black-seeded Agrostemma.

Starwort.

Intermediate Stellaria.

Mouse-ear Chickweed.

Common Chickweed.

Purslanes.

Spring-beauty.

Broad-leaved Claytonia.

Mallows.

True Mallow.

Round-leaved Mallow.

Musk-scented Mallow.

Linden.

Linden.

Basswood.

Sorrels.

Wood-sorrel.

American Wood-sorrel.



204



APPENDIX.



GERANIACE^E.
Geranium, L.
Maculatum, L.
Carolinianum, L.
Pusillum, L.
Robertianum, L.

BALSAMINACE.E
Impatiens, L.

Pallida, Nuttall.
Fulva, Nuttall.

RUTACE^.

Zanthoxylum, Golden.
Araericanum, Miller.

ANACARDIACE^E.
Rhus, L.

Typhina, L.
Radicans, L.

vitace^:.

Vitis, L.

Labrusca, L.

CELASTRACE.E.

Celastrus, L.
Scandens, L.

SAPINDACEvE.
Staph y lea, L.

Tiifolia, L.
Acer, Tourn.

Pennsylvanicum, L.

Spicatum, Lamarck.

Saccharinum, L.

Var. Nigrum, Gray.

Dasycarpum, Ehrhart.

Rubrum, L.

LEGUMINOS^.
Trifolium, L.

Repens, L.
Meli lotus, Tournefort.

Officinalis, Willd.



Gerania.

Wild Geranium.

Crane's-bill.

Field Geranium.

Small-Jlowered Geranium.

Herb Robert.

Balsams.

Touch-me-not.

Pale-fiowaed Impatiens.

Fulvous-flowered Impatiens.

Rues.

Prickly Ask.
Toothache- Tree.

Cashews.

Sumach.

Staghorn, Fever Sumach.

Climbing Poison Ivy.

Vines.

Grapevine.

Wild Grape.

Staff- trees.

Bittersweet.

Climbing Celastrus.

Soapberries.

Bladder-pod.

Three-leaved Stajihylea.

Maple.

Striped Maple.

Spiked '-flowered Maple.

Hard, Sugar Maple.

Black Maple.

Silver Maple.

Red Maple.

Legumes.

Clover.

White Clover.

Sweet Clover.

Yellow Melilot.



APPENDIX.



205



Medicago, L.

Lupulina, L.
Vicia, Tourn.

Sativa, L.

Cracca, L.
Amphicarp^ea, Elliott.

Monoica, Nuitall.
ROSACEA.

Prdnus, L.

Americana, Marshall.

Virginiana, L.

Serotina, Ehrhart.

Vulgaris, Miller.
Spirjea, L.

Salicifolia, L.
Geum, L.

Album, Gmelin.

Strictum, Alton.

POTENTILLA, L.

Norvegica, L.
Fragaria, Tournefort.

Virginiana, Ehrhart.

Vesca, L.
Rubus, L.

Strigosus, Michaux.

Canadensis, L.

Hispidus, L.
Rosa, Tourn.

Rubiginosa, L.
Pyrus, L.

Malus, L.
Amelanchier, Medik.

Canadensis, Torr. Sr Gray.

onagrace^:.

Epilobium, L.

Angustifolium, L

Palustre, L.

Molle, L.
CEnothera, L.

Biennis, L.



Nonesuch.

' Hop-like Medicago.

Tare. Vetch.

Cultivated Vetch.

Cracca Vetch.

Ground Peanut.

Monacious Amphicarpoza.

Roses.

Plum. Cherry.

Wild Plum.

Choke Cherry.

Black Cherry.

Sour Cherry.

Meadowsweet.

Willow-leaved Spirwa.

Avens.

White-flowered Avens.

Yellow, Upright Avens.

. Cinque/oil.

Norwegian Potentitla.

Strawberry.

Wild Strawberry.

Alpine Strawberry.

Raspberry.

Red Raspberry.

Dewberry.

Hispid Blackberry.

Wild Rose.

Sweetbrier.

Apple. Pear.

Common Apple.

Juneberry.

Shadbush.

Evening Primroses.

Willow-herb.

Narrow-leaved Epilobium.

Linear-leaved Epilobium.

Downy Epilobium.

Evening Primrose.

Biennial Evening Primrose.



206



APPENDIX.



Ciroea, Tournefort.

Lutetiana, L.
Proserpinaca, L.

Palastris, L.
Hippdris, L.

Vulgaris, L.

GROSSULACEiE.

RlBES, L.

Cynosbati, L

CRASSULACEiE.
Sedum, L.

Telephium, L.

SAXIFRAGACE^E.

Mitella, Tournefort.
Diphylla, L.

TlARELLA, L.

Cordifolia, L.

HAMAMELACE^E.
Hamamelis, L.
Virginica, L.

UMBELLIFER^.

ClCUTA, L.

Maculata, L.
Osmorrhiza, Rafinesque.
Longistylis, DC.

ARALIACE.E.

Aralia, Town.
Racemosa, L.
Nudicaulisj L.

Quinquefolia, Gray.
Trifolia, Gray.

CORNACEiE.

Cornus, Tournefort.

Stolonifera, Mickaux

Alternifolia, L.
Ntssa, L.

Multiflora, Wangenheim.



Enchanter's Nightshade.

Mignonmtte-like Circoza.

Mermaid-weeds.

Marsh Mermaid-weeds.

Mare's-tail.

Common Hippuris.

Currant.
Prickly Gooseberry.

Orpines.

Orpine.

Saxifrages.

Fringe-cup.

Two-leaved Mitella.

Bidiop's-cap.

Cordate-leaved Tiarella.

Witch-hazels.

Virginian Witch-hazel.

Umbellifers.

Water Hemlock.

Spotted Cicuta.

Sweet Cicely.

Long-styled Osmorrhiza.

A ralias.

Sarsaparilla.

Spikenard.

Leafless-stemmed Aralia.

Ginseng.

Groundnut.

Cornels.

Dogwood.

Stolon-bearing Cornus.

Alternate-leaved Cornus.

Tupelo. Pepperidge.

Many-flowered Nyssa.



APPENDIX.



207



B. MONOPETALOUS
CAPRIFOLIACE^E.

Lintoca, Gronovius.

Borealis, Gronov.
Lonicera, L.

Cserulea, L.
Sambucus, Tournefort.

Canadensis, L.

Pubens, Michaux.
Viburnum, L.

Acerifolium, L.

Lantanoides, Michaux.

RUBIACEiE.
Galium, L.
Aparine, L.

MlTCHELLA, L.

Repens, L.

DIPSACE^.
Dipsacus, Tournefort.
Sylvestris, Miller.

COMPOSITE.

Eupatorium, Tournefort.

Purpureum, L.

Perfoliatum, L.

Ageratoides, L.

Tussilago, Tournefort.
Farfara, L.

Solidago, L.

Stricta, Alton.

Canadensis, L.
Inula, L.

Helenium, L.
Ambrosia, Tournefort.

Artemisiajfolia, L.
Rudbeckia, L.

Hirta, L.
Bidens, L.

Frondosa, L.



EXOGENS.

Honeysuckles.

Twin-flower.

Northern Linncea.

Honeysuckle.

Mountain-honeysuckle.

Elder.

Canadian Sambucus.

Downy Sambucus.

Arrow-wood.

Maple-leaved Virburnum.

Hobblebush.

Madders.

Cleaver.

The Ancient Aparine.

Partridge-berry .
Creeping Mitchella.

Teasels.

Fuller's Thistle.

Wild Teasel.

Composites.

Boneset.

Purple Eupatorium.

Common Boneset.

Ageratum-like Eupatorium.

Common Coltsfoot.
River-side Tussilago.

Goldenrod.

Willow-leaved Solidago.

Canadian Solidago.

Elecampane.

The Ancient Helenion.

Wormwood.

Artemisia-leaved Ambrosia.

Cornflower.

Rough Rudbeckia

Bur-marigold.

Leafy Bidens*.



208



APPENDIX.



Maruta, Cassini.

Cotula, DC.
Achillea, L.

Millefolium, L.
Leucanthemum, Tournefort.

Vulgare, Lamarck.
Tanacetum, L.

Vulgare, L.
Qnaphalium, L.

Polycephalum, Michaux.

Uliginosum, L.
Erechthites, Rafinesque.

Hieracifolia, Raf.
Senecio, L.

Vulgaris, L.
Cirsium, Tournefort.

Lanceolatum, Scopoli.

Pumilum, Sprengel.

Arvense, Scopoli.
Lappa, Tournefort.

Major, Gartner.
Taraxacum, Haller.

Dens-leonis, Desfontaines.
Lactuca, Tournefort.
Elongata, Muhl.

Sonchus, L.

Oleraceus, L.
Asper, Villars.

LOBELIACEvE.
Lobelia, L.

Cardinalis, L.
Syphilitica, L.
Inrlata, L.
Spicata, Lamarck.

CAMPANULACE^l.

Gaultheria, Kalm.
Procumbens, L.

Cassandra, Don.
Calyculata, Don.



Mayweed.

' Cup-involucred Maruta.

Yarrow.

Milfoil Achillea.

Oxei/e Daisy.

Common Whiteweed.

Tansy.

Common Tanacetum.

Everlasting .

Many -headed Gnaphalium.

Bog Gnaphalium.

Fireweed.

Hieracium-leaved Erechthites.

Groundsel.

Common Senecio.

Common Thistle.

Lanceolate-leaved Cirsium.

Dwarf Cirsium.

Canada Thistle.

Burdock.

Larger Lappa.

Dandelion.

Lion-tooth-leaved Taraxacum.

Wild Lettuce.

Long-panicled Lactuca.

Garden Sonchus.
Spiny-leaved Sonchus.

Lobelia.

Red, Cardinal-flowered Lobelia.

Blue, large Lobelia.

Indian Tobacco.

Spike-racemed Lobelia.

Winter green.
Creeping Gaultheria.

Leatherleaf.
Bracted-calyxed Cassandra .



APPENDIX.



209



Andromeda, L.
Polifolia, L.

Kalmia, L.

Angus tifolia, L.
Azalea, L.

Nudiflora, L.
Ehododendron, L.

Maximum, L.

Ledum, L.

Latifolium, Aiton.

Ptrola, L.

Rotundifolia, L.

Chimaphila, Pursh.
Umbellata, Nuttall.
Macu'ata, Pursh.

MONOTROPA, L.

Uniflora, L.

AQUIFOLACE^E.

Ilex, L.

Verticillata, Gray.

PLANTAGLNACEJE.

Plantago, L.
Major, L.

PRIMULACEtE.

Trientalis, L.

Americana, Pursh.

SCROPHULARI ACEyE.

Verbascdm, L.

Thapsus, L.
Chelone, Tournefort.

Glabra, L.
Veronica, L.

Virginica, L.

verbenace^:.

Verbena, L.
Hastata, L.

14



Andromeda.
Polium-leaved Andromeda.

American Laurel.

Narrow-leaved Kalmia.

Wild Azalea.

Leafless-flowered Azalea.

Mountain Laurel.

Greatest Rhododendron.

Ljabrador Tea.

Broad-leaved Ledum.

Pyrola.
Round-leaved Pyrola.

Prince' s-pine.

Umbellate Chimaphila.

Spotted-leaved Chimaphila.

Indian Pipe.

One-flowered Monotropa.

Hollies.

Winterberry.
Verticillate-flowered Ilex.

Plantains.



Common Plantain.
Primroses.

May-star.
American Trientalis.

Figworts.

Mullein.

Common Mullein.

Snakehead.

Smooth Chelone.

Speedwell.

Culver' s-root.

Verbenas.

Verbena.

Hastate-leaved Verbena .



210



APPENDIX.



LABIATJE.

Mentha, L.

Viridis, L.

Piperita, £>.
Melissa, L.

Officinalis, L.
Hedeoma, Persoon.

Pulegioides, Pers.

MONARDA, L.

Didyma, L.

Nepeta, L.

Cataria, L.

Glechoma, Benth.
Brunella, Tournefort.

Vulgaris, L.
Leonurcs, L.

Cardiaca, L.
Cynoglossum, Tournefort.

Officinale, L.

Virginicum, L.

POLEMONIACE^.
Phlox, L.

Divaricata, L.

CONVOLVULACEiE.

CuSCUTA, Tournefort.
Gronovii, Willd.

SOLANACE^E.

SOLANUM, L.

Dulcamara, L.
Nigrum, L.
Htosctamus, Tournefort.
Niger, L.

GENTIANACEiE.

Mentanthes, Tournefort.
Trifoliata, L.

ASCLEPIADIOaE.

Asclepias, L.

Cornuti, Decaisne.



Mints.

Spearmint.
Peppermint.

Balm.

Officinal Melissa.

Pennyroyal.

Pennyroyal -I ike Hedeoma.

Oswego Tea.

Two-whorled Monarda.

Nepeta.

Cat-mint.

From the Ancient Glechon.

Self-heal.

Common Brunella.

Motherwort.

Cardiacal Leonurus.

Hound' s-tongue.

Officinal Cynoglossum.

Virgin ia n Cy n oglossu m .

Polemonia.

Phlox.

Divaricate-flowering Phlox.

Bindweeds.
Dodder.

Nightshades.

Bitter-sweet Solarium.

Black-fruited Solanum.

Henbane.

Black Hyoscyamus.

Gentians.

Buckbran.

Trifoliate Menyanthes.

Milkweeds.
Dedicated to Cornuti.



APPENDIX.



211



OLEACEiE.

Fraxinus, Tournefort.
Amei icana, L.
Sambucifolia, Lamarck.



Olives.

Ash-tree.

American White Ash.

Black Elder-leaved Ash.



C. APETALOUS EXOGBNS.



ARISTOLOCHIACE^.

Asartjm, Tournefort.
Canadense, L.

PHYTOLACCACE^.

Phytolacca, Tournefort.
Decandra, L.

CHENOPODIACE^E.
Chenopodium, L.

Hybridum, L.

Album, L .
Blitum, Tournefort.

Bonus-Henricus, Reichenbach.

POLYGONACE^.

POLTGONUM, L.

Orientale, L.
Persicaria, L.
Acre, H. B. K.
Crispus, L.
Acetosa, L.
Acetosella, L.

LAURACE^.

Benzoin.

Odoriferum, Nees.

THYMELEACE^.

DlRCA, L.

Palustris, L.

URTICACE^.

TJlmus, L.

Fulva, Michx.
Americana, L.
Racemosa, Thomas.



Birth worts.

Wild Ginger.

Canadian Asarum.

Pokeweeds.

Pokeweed.

Ten-stamened Phytolacca.

Chenopods.

Goose-foot.

Hybrid Chenopodium.

White Chenopodium.

Blite.

Good-King-Henry Blite.

Buckwheats.

Oriental Polygonum.
Peach-leaved Polygonum.

Pungent Polygonum.
Curled-leaved Rumex.
Garden-sorrel Rumex.

Sheep-soirel Rumex.

Laurels.

Spicebiish.

Fragrant Benzoin.

Daphnads.

Leatherwood.

Marsh Dirca.

Nettles.

Elm.

Red Slippery Elm.

White Elm.

Corky Elm.



212



APPENDIX.



Celtis, Tournefort.
Urtica, Tournefort.
Gracilis, Aiton.

PLATANACE^.
Platanus, L.

Occidentals, L.

JUGLANDACE^.

JUGLANS, L.

Cinerea, L.
Carta, Nuttall. .

Alba, Nutt.
Amara, Nutt.

CUPULIFERE.
Quercus, L.

Alba, L.
Castaxea, Tournefort.

Vesca, L.
Fagc8, Tournefort.

Ferruginea, Aiton.
Corylus, Tournefort.

Americana, Walter.
Carpinus, L.

Americana, Michx.
Ostrya, Micheli.

Virgin ica, Willd.

BETULACE^.

Betula, Tournefort.

Alba, Spach.

Nigra, L.
Alnus, Tournefort.

Incana, Willd. *

SALIACE.^.

Salix, Tournefort.

Humilis, Marshall.

Pedicellaris, Pursh.
Populus, Tournefort.

Tremuloides, Mich.



Nettle-tree.

Nettles.
Slender Nettle.

Sycamores.

Plane-tree. Button Ball.
Western Plane-tree.

Walnuts.

Butternut.

Hickories.

Shag-bark. White Hickory.

Bitter Hickory.

Oaks.

White Oak.

Chestnut.

Edible Chestnut.

Beech.

Rusty-leaved Fayus.

Hazelnut.

American Corylus.

Water Beech.

American Carpinus.

Iron-wood.

Virginian Ostrya.

Birches.

White Birch.

Black Birch.

Alder.

Hoary Alder.

Willows.

Sal ices.

Low Willow.

Pedicel-fruited Willow.

Poplar.

Aspen-leaved Poplar.



APPENDIX.



213



2. GYMNOSPERMiE.
CONIFERS.

Pinus, Town.

Strobus, L.
Abies, Tourn.

Balsamea, Marshall.

Canadensis, Mich.

Nigra, Poiret.

Alba, Mich.
Larix, Tourn.

Americana, Mich.
Thuja, Tourn.

Occidentals, L.
Juniperus, L.

Communis, L.
Taxus, Tourn.

Baccata, var. Canadensis, Gray.

II. MONOCOTYLEDONS.

ARACE^.

Aris^ma, Martius.

Tripbyllum, Torrey.
Calla, L.

Palustris, L.
Symplocarpus, Salisbury.

Pcetidus, Salisb.
Acorus, L.

Calamus, L.

TYPHACEiE.

Typha, Tourn.
Latifolia, L.

ALISMACE^.
Sagittaria, L.

Variabilis, Engelmann.

ORCHIDACE^.
Orchis, L.

Spectabilis, L.



Gymnosperms.
Conifers.

Pine.

White Pine.

Spruce.

Balsam-Fir.

Hemlock.

Black Spruce.

White Spruce.

Larch.

American Larix.

Arbor-vitai.

American or Western Arbor-vitai.

Juniper.

Common Juniper.

Yew.

American Taxus.

Monocotyledons.

Arums.

Indian Turnip.

Three-leaved Ariscema.

Wild Calla.

Marsh Calla.

Skunk Cabbage.

Fetid Symplocarpus.

Sweet-flay.

Reed Calamus.

Typhads.

Cat-tails.

Wide-leaved Typha.

Water-plantains.

Arrow-head.

, Variable Sagittaria.

Orchids.
Showy Orchis.



214



APPENDIX.



Platanthera, Richard.

Obtusata, Lindl.

Orbiculata, Lindl.
Aeethusa, Gronovius.

Bulbosa, L.
Pogonia, Jussieu.

Ophioglossoides, Nuttall.
Aplectrum, Nuttall.

Hyemale, Nutt.
Cyfripedium, L.

Pubescens, Willd.'

Candiclnm, Muld.

Spec labile, Swartz.

Acaule, Aiton.

IRIDACE^.

Iris, L.

Versicolor, L.

SMILACE^].

Smilax, Tourn.

Hispida, Muhlen.
Trillium, L.

Erectum, L.

Grandiflorum, Solid).

Ery throcarpum, Mich .
Medeola, Gronovius.

Virginica, L.

LILIACE^E.

POLYGONATUM, Tourn.

Bi-florum, Elliott.

Giganteum, Dietrich.
Smilacina, Desfontaines.

Racemosa, Desf.
Clintonia, Rafinesque.

Borealis, Raf.
Lilium, L. •

Canadense, L.
Erythronium, L.

Amcricanum, Smith.



Obtuse-lean d Platanthera.
Orbicular-!' an d Platani

An thusa.

Bulbous Arethusa.

Pogonia.

Adam-and-Eve.

1 1 r inter-lasting Aph ctrum.

Lady's-slippt r .

Downy Cypripi ilium.

White ( ypript dium.

Showy ( 'ypripi ilium .

Stemless Cypripedium.

Irids.

Color-varying Iris.
Si nil aces.

Greenbrier.

Prickly Smilax.

Trill ia.

Purple, Erect 7

Greal-flovoert I Trillium.

/,'. d-fruited Trillium.

Cucumber -root.

T Irgin ia n Me deola.

Lilies.

Solomon' s-seal.

Tvoin-flowered Polygonatum â– 

Giant Polygonatum.

Smilacina.

Racemed Smilacina.

Wild Lily of the Valley.

Northern Clintonia.

Lily.

Yellow Lily.

Adder's-toi

Yellow Erythroninm.



APPENDIX.



MELANTHACEiE.

UVULARIA, L.

Grandiflora, Smith.

Perforata, L.
Streptopus, Mich.

Aroplexifolius, DC
Veratrum, Tourn.

Viride, ,Aiton.

JUNCACE^.

Lxjzuea, DC.

Pilosa, Willd.
Juncus, L.
Effusus, L.

PONTEDERIACEiE.

Pontederia, L.
Cordata, L.

CYPERACEiE.

Eriophorcm, L.
Virginicum, L.

GRAMIN^B.

Phleum, L.

Pratense, L.

Triticum, L.

Vulgare, Villars.
Repens, L.

CRYPTOGAMIA.

III. ACROGENS.

EQUISETACE^.

Eqcisetum, L.
Arvense, L.
Hyemale, L.
Scirpoides, Mich.

FILTCES.

POLYPODIUM, L.

Vulgare, L.
Hexagonopterum, Mich.



215

Melanthia.

Bellivort.

Large-flowered Uvularia.

Small-flowered Uvularia.

Slem-clasping Streptopus.

American Hellebore.

Green-Jlowering Veralrum.

Rashes.

Wood-rush.

Hairy Luzula.

Rush.

Effuse Juncus.

Pickerel-weeds.

Cordate Pontederia.

Sedges.

Cotton-grass.

Virginian Eriophorum.

Grasses.

Timothy. Herd' s-gr ass.

Meadow Phleum.

Wheat-grass.

Common Wheat.

Creeping Triticum.

Flowerless Plants.
Top-growers.

Horsetail.

Equiseta.

Field Equisetum.

Winter-lasting Equisetum.

Seir pus-like Equisetum.

Ferns.

Poli/pod.

Common Pohjpodium.

Six-angled-winged Polypodium.



216 APPENDIX.

Adiantum, L. Maidenhair.

LYCOPODIACE^E. Club-mosses.

Lycopodium, L. Lycopodium.

Dendroideum, Mick. Tree-like Lycopodium.

Complanatum, L. Flattened-fronded Lycopodium.



B.

The Hon. Anson S. Miller, of Rockford, 111., and a
native of Oneida Comity, has recently published an his-
torical paper, the following extract from which touches
upon a portion of our local history : —

Fort Stanwix, conspicuous in the wars which agitated our
country in the last century, stood on the west hank of the
Mohawk River, the present site of the city of Rome, New
York. This strong fortress, commanding the narrow portage
between the eastern and western waters, was, in early times,
the most important military position between the Atlantic sea-
board and Canada and the Lakes, — the pass being an impor-
tant link in the chain of army travel and transportation. Gen-
eral Stanwix, a British officer, built the fort at a cost of three
hundred thousand dollars, in 1758, while the war was raging
between the British and French for dominion in America.
Through the French War and the Revolutionary struggle, and
in the frontier settlement of that famed locality, Fort Stanwix
was the centre for Indian councils and treaties, and other
public transactions, both of war and peace, — the seat of sieges,
sorties, and battles

Among other great councils held at Fort Stanwix, was that
in the autumn of 1768, convened by Major-general Sir Wru.
Johnson, British superintendent of Indian affairs in America,
under orders of his government, at which the colonies of New
York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and others, were



APPENDIX. 217

represented, and an important treaty established with the Six
Natjons, the Delawares, Shawnees, and other Indians. Again,
after the close of the Revolutionary War, in the autumn of
1784, the United States commissioners, Wolcott, Butler, and
Lee, met the Iroquois confederacy in council at the fort, and
the Six Nations in that treaty, after certain reservations,
relinquished, among other claims, theirs to lands northwest
of the Ohio and in western New York. General Lafayette
attended this council, and was highly interested in the eloquent
speeches of Cornplanter (Gyantwaia) for the treaty, and that
of Red Jacket (Sagoyewatha) against it.

After the completion of this treaty, the assemblages of the
Indians at the fort were for the purpose of receiving the annual
payments for their lands from the State officers. Upon the
occurrence of the final payment to the Indians, by Governor
George Clinton, at the fort, in the early part of the last decade
of Seventeen Hundred, and after the business was all closed
up satisfactorily, and the whole concourse of whites and
Indians had been richly feasted by the Governor, from his
stores brought for the purpose, the proceedings were con-
cluded by a foot-race of the Iroquois, in which each of the
" Six Nations " were represented. A description of this race
given by the pioneer settlers of that region who witnessed it,
has not, to the knowledge of the writer, appeared in print.
All of the tribes but the Oneidas retired to select their run-
ners, each tribe for itself, and soon returned, presenting five
athletic young men, whose physical development and sym-
metry would have delighted a sculptor. According to Indian
etiquette, and out of respect to their brethren from abroad, the
Oneidas, the home tribe, waited for the others, and selected
their runner last. Powlis, the war chief, had been one of the
fleetest runners in the confederacy, and he had a number of
stalwart sons present, — grand representatives of his lofty
stature and agile movements. Outsiders supposed that one
of these would be chosen to sustain the high rank of the
Oneidas. But the tribe passed by these and others of the



218 APPENDIX.

like, and with great unanimity selected a slender boy of fifteen
years — a mere stripling, the youngest son of Powlis, — his
parents' darling, with his mother's form and wiry make-up.
Soon known, the choice of one so young, and short, and slim,
to run a long race against the best, and taken, too, from a tribe
abounding in powerful braves, astonished the strangers, and