Three hundred colonial ancestors and war service, their part in making American history from 495 to 1934 online

think the name comes from two Gaelic words meaning "Lake" and
"Cemetery," making it a place name. The earliest record of the
family is in Debden, county Essex, England, when in January, 1525,
Nicholas Kellogg was taxed. William Kellogg was also on the tax
list. There were many ways of spelling the name, among them:
Kelhogge, Kellogue, Cologe, Calaug, Cellidge, Kellock, Killhog,
Coolidge, Cellog and many others. There were many families of
the name in county Essex, Great Leigh and Braintree being the
seat of different branches probably of the same family. Nicholas
Kellogg was born about 1488 and married Florence, daughter of
William Hall. He was buried in Debden, May 17, 1558, and she
was buried there November 8, 1671.

Children :

William, bur. in Saffron Walden, Feb. 2, 1578.

Thomas, lived in Debden, probably ancestor of the American immigrant
mentioned below.

Kellogg ("Records of the South Church, Portsmouth," p. 178) — Martin
Kellogg under Roger Wolcott, Wethersfield Regt., French and Indian War.

Hon. Day Otis Kellogg, formerly U. S. Consul at Glasgow,
Scotland, an early collector of Kellogg data. (See "N. E. Hist.
Gen. Reg." 1858; "Gen. Sterns of the Kellogg Family," 88.) He
felt that the Kelloggs were partisans of James VI of Scotland and
came with him to England, where he ascended the Thrones of Great
Britain, as James I, 24 March 1603.

The Manor of Debden Hall in the Town of Debden hath an ele-
gant and commodious Mansion. The Manor was siezed by King
Henry II in 1 155 and was granted to his son. King John who granted
it to Lord Cromwall, Earl of Essex. It came back to the Crown
as part of the dowry of Mary, Bohan, wife of Henry IV and re-
mained through the reignes of Henry V, Henry VI, Edward IV
and Henry VIII, who granted it to Lord Audley, Nichols Kellogg,
senior, born Debon, 18 Oct. 1558.

Thomas Kellogg's will of his mother, Florence Kellogg, to Thomas
Kellogg and his heir 5 Edward VI (A.D. 1551). Thomas Kellogg
born at Debon, 15 July 1571.

1. Philippe Kellogg, probably son of Thomas and grandson
of Nicholas of Debden, was the first in England from whom the
Kelloggs of the new world can with certainty trace their descent.
The records show that Nicholas Kellogg, of Debden, married Flor-
ence, daughter of WilHam Hall; the second wife of Thomas Kellogg,
of Great Leighs, was the widow of Thomas Halles or Hall, of that
parish; Martin Kellogg, son of PhilHppe, married Prudence, daugh-
ter of John Bird, of Bishop's Stortford. There was a John Bird in



Three Hundred Colonial Ancestors and War Service 183

Debden, perhaps son of Phillippe Bird, who was associated with
the Kelloggs as a witness to wills as well as a supervisor. One
William Bird married in Great Leighs, in 1645, Amma, daughter of
Thomas Kellogg. Thomas Kellogg was baptized at Debden, 15
July 1571.

The first appears in booking, Essex, two years later in great Leighs.
(p, 7) Martin, son of Phillippe, baptized at Great Leighs, 23
Nov. 1595; married in St. Nichols Bishops, Stratford, County
Hereford, 22 Oct. 1621, to Prudence Bird, daughter of John Bird
of Bishops Stratford. She died before May, 1671, as her name does
not appear in his will. He died between 20 May 1671, when his
will was made, and 20 Sept., in Brambe, England, same year when
it was proved, (p. 25). Lieut. Joseph^, son of Martin (p. 7) baptized
in Great Leighs, England, Apr., 1626; married (first) probably in
England, Joanna Foote. She died in Hadley, Mass., 14 Sept. 1666.
He married Abigail Terry, born in Windsor, Conn., 21 Sept. 1646,
daughter of Stephen Terry, born in Stockton, Whitshire, England,

25 August, 1608, and EHzabeth . He was ade of the proprietor

of Hadley. He died between 27 June 1707 when his will was dated,
and 31 Oct. 1726, when it was proved Stephen Terry, son of John
Terry and Mary White, came to America on the ''Mary and John,"
in 1630; admitted freeman in Dorchester, Mass., 16 May 1631;
removed to Windsor, Conn., in 1637, where he was a member of
the first troop of cavalry organized in this country. He removed
to Hadley as early as 1663, and was its first constable. He died
there, 1668; his wife died 11 Aug. 1683.

Lieut. Joseph Kellogg, made his first appearance in Farming-
ton, Conn., at an early date of the settlement of the town; joined
the church there October 9, 1653. Removed to Boston, 1659, and
purchased a homestead there.

The Boston Records show the registry of a deed from Peter OUver,
merchant to Joseph Kellogg, spelling his name "Kelog," dated
October 9, 1659, describing him as "formerly of Farmington, now
of Boston," conveying a house and lot to him on what is now Wash-
ington Street.

He removed to Hadley, Mass., 1662; died there, 1707. Will
dated 1707; probated February 4, 1708.

Lieut. Joseph married (first) Joannah Foote, who died in Hadley,
Sept. 14, 1666; married (second) Abigail Terry, daughter of Deacon
Stephen Terry, of Dorchester, Windsor and Simsbury, on May 9,
1667. She was born in Simsbury, Sept. 21, 1646.

Children by Joannah :

1. Elizabeth, b. March 5, 1651, d. young.

2. Joseph, b. Aug. 11, 1753, d. between 1680-1684.

3. Nathaniel, bapt. Oct. 29, 1654, d. young.

4. John, bapt. Dec. 29, 1656; m. Sarah Moody, Dec. 23, 1681; d. between

1723-1728.

5. Martin, m. (1) Dec. 10, 1684, Anna Hinsdale, (2) Sarah Dickinson Lane,

(3) Sarah Huxley, wid. of Ebenezer. Six children.

6. Edward, b. Oct. 1, 1660; m. Dorothy . Nine children.



184 Three Hundred Colonial Ancestors and War Service



7. Samuel, b. Sept. 28, 1662; m. Sarah MerrUl, Sept. 22, 1687. Ten children.

8. Joanna, b. Dec. 8, 1664; m. John Smith, Nov. 29, 1683.

9. Sakah, b. Aug. 27, 1666; m. Samuel Ashley, April 27, 1686.

Children by Abigail Terry :

10. Stephen, b. April 9, 1668; m. Lydia Belding, May 8, 1695; d. in Westfield,

June 5, 1722.

11. Nathaniel, b. Oct. 8, 1669; m. Sarah Boltwood, June 28, 1692; d. in

Amherst, Oct. 30, 1750.

12. Abigail, b. Oct. 9, 1671; m. Jonathan Smith of Hatfield, Nov. 14, 1688.

13. Elizabeth, b. Oct. 9, 1673; m. John Nash, Nov. 27, 1691; d. July 4, 1750;

buried in West Hartford.

14. Prudence, b. Oct. 14, 1675; m. Deacon Abraham Merrill, April 18, 1699;

d. Sept. 21, 1747.

15. Ebenezer, b. Nov. 22, 1677; removed to Colchester, Conn.

16. Jonathan, b. Dec. 25, 1679; removed to Colchester; d. Aug. 8, 1771.

17. Daniel, b. March 22, 1682, d. July 5, 1684.

18. Joseph, b. May 12, 1684; m. EUzabeth Colton of Springfield, July 5, 1710;

d. in Hatfield, Sept. 9, 1724.

19. Daniel, b. June 10, 1686; d. young.

20. Ephraim, b. 2, 1687; d. young.

References: "The Kelloggs of the Old World and the New," Vol. I, pp. 2, 4,
8-11, 44.

"Genealogy of Connecticut," Vol. II, p. 662.
"The Kellogg Family," No. 2, by D. O. KeUogg.

Summary of ancestry:

1. Phillippe Kellogg, m. .

2. Martin Kellogg, bapt. Nov. 23, 1595, d. between 20 May and 20 Sept,

1671; m. Oct. 22, 1621, Prudence Bird who died before May 1671.

3. Lieut. Joseph Kellogg, b. April 1626, bapt. Jan., 1708; m. (2) May 9,

1667, AbigaU Terry, b. Sept. 21, 1646, living in 1715.

4. Lieut. John Nash, b. Aug. 21, 1667, d. Oct. 7, 1743; m. Nov. 27, 1691,

EUzabeth KeUogg, b. Oct. 9, 1673, d. July 4, 1750.

5. Samuel Nash, b. Jan. 29, 1709, d. ; m. Jan. 24, 1734, Margaret MerriU,

b. June 6, 1709, d. .

6. Joel Phelps, b. Windsor, Conn., 1732, d. ; m. Sept. 8, 1757, Jerusha

Nash, b. Oct. 5, 1734, d. 1796.

7. Phineas Phelps, b. April 10, 1767, d. AprU 20, 1813; m. New Haven, Vt.,

Lydia Lawrence, b. Jan. 15, 1762, d. Sept. 20, 1813.

8. Nash David Phelps, b. Oct. 4, 1796, d. AprU 15, 1884; m. AprU 29, 1821,

EUzabeth Hungerford, b. Feb. 7, 1798, d. Jan. 7, 1878.

Descendants of Joanna Arms of Yarmouth, 8th to 10th Generations;
Daughters of the American Colonists, 1931, pp. 26-36; ancestry traced
by the author of this book.



Three Hundred Colonial Ancestors and War Service 185



LATHAM ANCESTRY
William Latham, Mayflower Passenger

"The names of those which came over first, in ye year 1620, and
were by the blessing of God the first beginers and (in a sort) the
foundation of all the Plantations and Colonies in New-England;
and their families.

"Mr. John Carver; Kathrine, his wife; Desire Minter; & 2.
manservants, John Rowland, Roger Wilder; William Latham, a
boy; & a maid servant & a child yt was put to him, called Jasper
More."

William Latham — Marshfield, Mass., Member Marshfield Co.,
1643. (See "Society of Colonial Wars," 1922, page 563.)

Robert Latham was probably the son of Wilham. He married
Susannah, daughter of John Winslow and niece of Governor
Edward, 1649, and had Mercy, 1650 (at Plymouth), James, Chilton,
Joseph, Elizabeth, Hannah, Sarah. Settled in East Bridgewater in
1657. His wife's mother was the famous Mary Chilton. He named
his first two sons after her grandfather, James and Chilton. The
third child, Joseph, after her father.

Note : Spelling as used in Bradford's Journal.

William Latham^ a descendant of Sir Oskatell Latham, of
Artbury, England, in the reign of Edward I was first of his name in
this country. He was at Plymouth in 1623, at Duxbury in 1637,
and at Marshfield in 1643, where his house was burned by Indians
in 1648. William Latham^ wife unknown. Their son, Robert
Latham^, was constable at Marshfield in 1643 and took the oath of
fidelity in 1657. His wife was Susanna Winslow, a daughter of
Mary Chilton and John Winslow, the latter being a brother of
Governor Edward Winslow. Captain Chilton Latham^ was born
in 1671 and died in 1751, at Bridgewater, Mass.; his wife was
Susanna Kingman. (State of Vermont, Genealogical and Biogra-
phical, Vol. II, pages 331, 332). The Lathams were probably descend-
ed from the Royal Family. (See Chart CCVII, Burke's Royal
Families.)

References: Bradford's "History of Plimouth Plantation," from the Original
Manuscript, Appendix.
"History of Early Settlement of Bridgewater, Mass.," page
222.

Summary of Ancestry:

1. RoBEBT Latham, b. in England ; m. Susannah Winslow.

2. Hannah Latham, dau. of Robert Latham and Susannah Winslow, ra. Joseph

Washburn.

3. Hepzibah Washbubn (W. Bridgewater-April 14, 1750); m. Sept. 8, 1702,

Benjamin Leach, Esq. (W. Bridgewater-July 13, 1764). Bridgewater,
Mass. Vital Records, Vol. II, p. 515.

4. Hannah Leach (March 4, 1725 ); m. Bridgewater, Aug. 6, 1743,

Solomon Leach (Feb. 19, 1712 ).

5. Epheaim Leach (December, 1761-Feb. 28, 1840); m. Greenfield, Mass.,

Nov. 17, 1785, Chloe Shattuck (Nov. 22, 1766-Jan. 22, 1845).



186



Three Hundred Colonial Ancestors and War Service



6. Teetius Leach (Nov. 21, 1786-Feb. 4, 1864) ; m. Sheldon, Vt., Jan. 1, 1811,

Sophia Hawley (Aug. 17, 1795-Jan. 7, 1879).

7. Tebtius Hawley Leach (May 19, 1814-Sept. 19, 1881); m. Sheldon, Vt.,

Feb. 28, 1835, Orisa Fanton (May 17, 1812-June 24. 1890).

8. Horace Brayton Leach (Sept. 25, 1836-May 6, 1919); m. Stanbridge,

Que., Sept. 8, 1863, Caroline Alexandria Phelps (July 3, 1840-Mar. 29,
1921).

From here same as Ancestry of Joanna Arms of Yarmouth, 8th to 10th
Generations. Daughters of the American Colonists, 1931, pp 29 to 36. Colonial
Daughters of the 17th Century, No. 772, p. 146.



CONYNGHAM AND BURTON. Pedigree CCVII. (Burke's "Royal FamiUes," Vol. II)
(to Robert, Earl of Leitrim or Latham)

Edward I = Eleanor of Castille.

I

= Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester.



Joan of Acre, dau. of Bang Edward I



Eleanor, dau. and coheir of Gilbert de Clare.
From whom derived



Margaret, dau. and heir of Sir Philip le De- = Roger Wentworth, of Nettleatead, Co. Suffolk,
spenc er, of Nettleated, Co. Suffolk, d. in 1478 '
I

= Sir Robert Constable, of Flamburgh, M. P.
â–  d. in 1488.



Agnes "Wentworth



Anne Constable



= Sir William Tyrwhitt, of Ketelby.



Elizabeth Tyrwhitt



= Sir William Skipwith, Knt., Sheriff of Lincoln-
shire 18 Henry VIII.



Sir William Skipwith, of Ormesby



Edward Skipwith, Esq. of Benesthorpe



Edward Skipwith, Esq. of Gosberton



Susan Skipwith



and widow of Lord Shelburne



ham



Hugh le Despencer

See Pedigree CLXXIX, Vol. II



= Anne, dau. of John Tothby, Esq.

= Mary, dau. of Richard Hansard, Esq.

= Elizabeth, dau. of Sir John Hatcher.



Sir Thoa. Skipwith, Bart, of Metheringham = Elizabeth, dau. and heir of Ralph Latham,

â–  Esq.



= Sir John Williams, Bart, of Minster.



Mary, dau. and heir of Sir J. WiUiama, Bart. = Lieut.-General Henry Conyngham, of Slane,



Co. Meath, M. P., d. in 1705-6.



Mary, dau. of Lieut.-General Henry Conyng- = The Right Hon. Francis Burton of Buncraggy



Co. Clare, M. P.



Francis Pierpont Burton, 2nd Lord Conyng- = EUzabeth, sister of Robert, Earl of Leitrim.
ham, d. in 1787



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Families Directly Descended from all the Royal Faviilies in Europe
Supplement to Pedigree of the Washington Family

DERIVATION

of

"THORFIN, THE DANE,"
Earl of the Orkney Isles,

Founder of the Washington Family in England

Circa A. D. 1030-35,

from

ODIN,
First King of Scandinavia, B. C. 70.



The pedigree and history of the Washington Family, derived from
Odin, the founder of Scandinavia, B. C. 70, by Albert Welles, presi-
dent of the American College for Genealogical Registry and
Heraldry, 1879, pp. 3 to 9 :

(Preface.) My position as president of the American College for Genea-
logical Registry and Heraldry enables me to obtain correct pedigrees and his-
tory of foreign families, and as the English history of the Washington family,
by several authors, has been confessedly suppositious, it is deemed important
that a correct and authentic volume should be written that would become the
standard for reference on the subject.

My correspondent in London, from whom I have obtained the material for
the Washington pedigree in England, is a lineal descendant of the progenitor
in England, and has been engaged over thirty years in gathering evidence. He
thus writes : "If I had not taken upon myself the great labor of examining
those inestimable records, the 'Common Pleas Rolls,' the truth of that great
man's lineage would not have been revealed. They are of immense value, and
I hope you will make them known to your countrymen by the publication of the
Washington History. The pedigree I now send I can establish by legal
evidence."

The uncertainty hitherto existing in regard to the English progenitors of
the Washington family, which has led to the numberless and fruitless contro-
versies among the genealogists, will be entirely removed and cleared up by
this volume. Beginning with Odin, the founder of Scandinavia, B. C. 70, the
history is followed down through the royal line of Denmark in the thirty-two
generations to "Thorfin, the Dane," nat. circa A. D. 1000, whose ancestors were
of Schleswig, Denmark. He settled in Yorkshire, England, prior to the Norman
Conquest. The descent is traced in Denmark and England, from father to son,
down through the centuries, including branches in different shires, to John
Washington, the great-grandfather of General George Washington, in twenty
generations from Thorpin; with interesting personal matter regarding nearly
500 members of the family and their alliances in England and America.

The family of Washington derives its name from the village of Wassington,
juxta Ravensworth (now called Wharleton), in the parish of Kirkby-Ravens-
worth, in the North Riding of Yorkshire. Originally Evervicscire — the Ebori-
cure of the Romans, or Evereux — afterwards Ebor, at the time of the Conquest,
and lastly Yorkshire.

The people of this part of the country were all of Scandinavian descent,
and spoke the same language with the Normans themselves, which was the
language of the ancient Angles. The Saxons never settled here, and were of
a different race. The city of York having been long before that time especially
a Danish city, and the chief city in all England.



With respect to the Anglo-Saxons, there were no Saxons in these parts,
which was settled by the Angles, who spoke the same language as is spoken
this day in these parts of Yorkshire; and all those Saxon inscriptions, about
which so many wonders are made, is simply plain Yorkshire. The Angles were
a branch of the Danes, who lived in Schleswig (a seaport town of Denmark),
and came over to England, men, women, children, beasts, etc., and left that
country desolate for 300 years, as is confirmed by the Saxon chronicles.

The 174 manors given to Earl Alan by the Conqueror, were only so many
shadows. There were only about six manors really attached to the Earldom of
Richmondshire ; of all the others he was merely nominally the chief Lord ; and
each was held by an owner whose ancestors held for many generations before
the Conquest.

There was never in Richmondshire above six families descended from
Norman ancestors ; and they acquired their lands by marrying heiresses.

The growing importance and value of such a work as this, is illustrated
by the increasing interest in everything pertaining to General Washington, and
it is, in fact, the only genealogy and family history of national importance in
this country.

The Bible is a history of the earliest races of mankind; and a record of
the Jewish lineage — religion, the science of immortality — genealogy cognate
with both, inasmuch as it is a study embracing the present life, combined with
departed generations, giving results of vast import in the future, and may,
therefore, be considered next only in importance to religion and Bible history.

The songs with which the northern bards regaled the heroes at their
"feasts of shells" were but versified chronicles of each ancestral line, sym-
phonied by their stirring deeds.

Through the oak fire's uncertain flame, the chieftain saw descend the
shadowy forms of his fathers ; they came from the Halls of Odin, as the harper
swept the strings, and deployed before their descendant, rejoicing in the sound
of their praise. No parchment told his lineage to the warrior of those days,
but the heroic names were branded each night upon his swelling heart by the
burning numbers of the bards.

Thus did the northman chronicle his ancestry in those unlettered times.
Afterward, when the oak fire was extinguished, the shell thrown by, and the
night came no more with songs ; when we reach the age of records we find this
love of lineage availing itself of the new method of commemoration. This
strong ancestral spirit of the northman may be traced, partly to the profound
sentiment of perpetuity which formed the principal and noblest element of his
character, and partly to the nature of the property to which he was linked by
immemorial customs of the race.

The family history, or record, of the Sovereigns of the World before Christ,
furnishes almost the only histories of the countries over which they reigned, as
Egypt, Chaldea, Babylonia, Greece, etc. The Chinese annals, the most ancient
known, were written with the most perfect exactness, and preserved with the
greatest care; composed originally by order of the Emperors — each of whom,
on his accession to the throne, commanded the acts of his predecessors to be
written by some learned philosopher — so that the whole form one uniform con-
tinued series of the history of the ancient Chinese Empire, from the beginning
of the monarchy (Fo Hi B. C. 2538), for some thousands of years. And thus
was the history of China obtained and preserved more correctly, and for a
longer period than that of any other nation in the world. Had not the Hebrew
race cherished this love of kindred and lineage we should not have any Bible
today, and to this feeling we owe our knowledge of the history of the most
ancient kingdoms of the world and most of our modern history. The English
registers have for upwards of a thousand years, been the protection and
authority of many families ; and the means of preserving large property in-
terests.



Ancestry of Washington Family may be summarized as follows :

Page V. Odin, the son of Fridulf, supreme ruler of the Scythians, in Asaland,
Turkestan, between the Euxine and Caspian Seas, in Asia. He reigned at
Asgard, whence he removed in the year B. C. 70, and became the first King
of Scandinavia. He died in the year B. C. 50, and was succeeded by his
sons, who reigned in dififerent parts of Scandinavia. His son

Page vii. Skioid became King of Zealand and Jutland, B. C. 50, and died
B. C. 40. His son was

Page viii. Fridieif, who became first King of Denmark, B. C. 40. He died
B. C. 23. His son was

Page viii. Erode Fredigod, who became King of Denmark, B. C. 23. He died
A. D. 35. His son was

Page viii. Frode H, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 59. He died A. D.
87. His son was

Page viii. Vermund, the Sage, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 87.
He died A. D. 140. His son was

Page viii. Olaf, the Mild, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 140. He
died A. D. 190. His

Page viii. Daughter, became Queen of Denmark, and

Page viii. Dan Mykillati, her husband, became King of Denmark, A. D.
190. He died A. D. 270. His son was

Page ix. Frode HI, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 270. He died
A. D. 310. His son was

Page ix. Halfdan, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 310. He died A. D.
324. His son was

Page ix. Fridieif HI, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 324. He died
A. D. 348. His son was

Page ix. Frode IV, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 348. He died A. D.
407. His son was

Page ix. Halfdan II, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 456. He died
A. D. 457. His son was

Page tx. Roe, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 460. He died A. D. 494.
His son was

Page X. Frode VI, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 494. He died A. D.
510. His son was

Page X. Frode VII, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 522. He died A, D.
548. His son was

Page X. Halfdan III, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 548. He died
A. D. 580. His son was

Page xi. IvAR Vidfadme, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 588. He

died A. D. 647. His daughter
Page xi. AuDA Diuphraudza, Queen of Holmgard, married Rerick, King of

Holmgard. Her son was

Page xi. Harald Hildetand, who became King of Denmark, A. D. 647. He
died A. D. 735. His son was

Page XV. Throud, King of Frondheim, who married A. D. 750, daughter of
Sigurd Hring. His son was

Page XV. EisTEN, King of Frondheim, born about A. D. 755. Married
A. D. 780. His son was

Page XV. Halfdan, King of Frondheim, born about A. D. 785. Married
A. D. 810. His son was



Page XV. EiSTEN Glumru, King of Thrandia, born about A. D. 815, became
King of Thrandia, A. D. 840. His

Page XV. Daughter married, A. D. 850, Ivar, Earl of Upland. Their son was

Page XV. EiSTEN Glumru. He was living A. D. 870. His son was

Page XV. RoGVAiD, who was Earl of Moere, A. D. 885. His son was

Page XX. EiNAR, Earl of the Orkney Isles. His son was

Page XX. ToRFiDUR, who was Earl of the Orkney Isles, A. D. 942. His son
was

Page XX. LoDVER, who was Earl of the Orkney Isles. His son was

Page XX. Sigurd, wlio was Earl of the Orkney Isles. His son was

Page xxii. Thorfin, the Dane," Earl of the Orkney Isles, also called
Torkill, of Richmondshire, England, Baron, and Lord of Tanfield, Founder
of the Washington Family of England.

For later lineage see Vol. I, pages 147 to 151.



Three Hundred Colonial Ancestors and War Service



187




J^amrtnr^.







"He beareth Ermine, a cross
raguledgules, by the _ names of
Lawrence, a Lancashire."

WASHINGTON-LAWRENCE ANCESTRY

Sir Robert of Ashton Hall, Lancashire, England, from his
Sovereign, Richard Coeur de Lion, received his arms:

"Argent, a cross raguly gules," A. D. 1191. The same was the coat of arms
of the Lancashire branch generally. There were distinctions, as "He beareth
Ermine, a cross ragules gules, by the name of Lawrence, of Lancashire."

"Raguled" is a term to represent the rough-hewn stems of a tree from which
the branches have been rudely lopped.

The Gloucestershire and Buckinghamshire branches had the same arms the
crest "A demi turbot," or "tail inverted and erect;" or again, "The tail (or hind-
most half) of a chub (fish) inverted and erect."

Other crests were used by these families, as, "Two laurel branches vert,