Harald Høffding.
A history of modern philosophy : a sketch of the history of philosophy from the close of the renaissance to our own day (Volume 1) online
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THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
A HISTORY
OF
MODERN PHILOSOPHY
MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited
LONDON • BOMBAY • CALCUTTA
MELBOURNE
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
NEW YORK • BOSTON • CHICAGO
ATLANTA • SAN FRANCISCO
THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd.
TORONTO
A HISTORY
OF
MODERN PHILOSOPHY
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
FROM THE CLOSE OF THE RENAISSANCE
TO OUR OWN DAY
BY
Dr. HARALD HOFFDING
PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN
TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN EDITION
By B. E. MEYER
AUTHORISED TRANSLATION
VOLUME I
MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED
ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON
i 908
First Edition 190°
Reprinted 1908
3
)
)
I-
(Ha tifje JKEmoto of
MY TEACHER AND FRIEND
PROFESSOR HANS BROCHNER
124420J
TRANSLATOR'S NOTE
My thanks are due to Miss M. Stawell for valuable help
in the translation of the chapters on Fichte, Schelling,
and Hegel ; and to Miss H. Tayler, who was kind
enough to read through the proofs of the latter half of
Vol. II. In the case of quotations from works of which
there already exist well-known English translations {e.g
Kant's works), on which I could not hope to improve, I
have quoted from these translations.
B. E. MEYER.
a 2
3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PAGE
xiii
BOOK I
THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE RENAISSANCE
HAP.
i. The Renaissance and the Middle Ages
A. THE DISCOVERY OF MAN
2. Humanism .....
3. pletro pomponazzi and nlcolo machiavelli
4. Michel de Montaigne and Pierre Charron
5. Ludovicus Vives ....
6. The Development of Natural Law
7. Natural Religion
8. Religious Speculation (Jakob Boehme)
13
26
35
38
59
69
B. THE NEW CONCEPTION OF THE WORLD
9. The Aristotelio-Medi/eval World-Scheme
io. nlcolaus cusanus
11. Bernardino Telesio
12. The Copernican World-Scheme .
13. Giordano Bruno .
(a) Biography and Characteristics
(b) Establishment and Extension of the New World
Scheme
78
83
92
103
1 10
1 10
123
./ m OF MODERN PHIL0S0PH1
i ;. Giordano Bruno Continued
Fundamental Philosophy al [deas
() Theory of Knowledge .
(c) Fundamental Concepts of the System .
(d) Philosophy of Religion
(e) Natural Philosophy and Psychology
(/) Ethic and Theory of Politics
6. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
(a) Biography and Characteristics
(Z>) The Doctrine of Monads
(c) Psychology and Theory of Knowledge .
(d) The Theodicee
(e) Philosophy of Law
7. Christian Wolff .
PAGE
259
259
265
269
272
274
279
287
292
292
SOI
307
315
317
323
332
332
343
356
362
367
369
BOOK IV
ENGLISH EMPIRICAL PHILOSOPHY
INTRODUCTION . . . . . -375
1. John Locke ...... 377
(a) Biography and Characteristics . . . 377
(6) The Origin of Ideas . . . . .382
(c) The Validity of Knowledge . . . -385
(d) Philosophy of Religion .... 388
(e) Philosophy of Law and of the State . . . 389
2. Discussions on Moral and Religious Philosophy . 392
(a) The Doctrine of the Moral Sense . . . 392
(6) The Free-Thinkers . . . . .402
3. Newton and his Significance for Philosophy . 4°7
A HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY
chai
Gi orge Berki ley .
(.1) Biography and Characteristics
(^) On Space .mil Abstract Ideas
Epistemological Consequences .
5. David Hume
(./) Biography and Characteristics
(6) Epistemological Radicalism
(c) Ethics
(d) Philosophy of Religion
I Hi - mi's Successors and Critics in England
(
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
A HISTORY
OF
MODERN PHILOSOPHY
MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited
LONDON • BOMBAY • CALCUTTA
MELBOURNE
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
NEW YORK • BOSTON • CHICAGO
ATLANTA • SAN FRANCISCO
THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd.
TORONTO
A HISTORY
OF
MODERN PHILOSOPHY
A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
FROM THE CLOSE OF THE RENAISSANCE
TO OUR OWN DAY
BY
Dr. HARALD HOFFDING
PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN
TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN EDITION
By B. E. MEYER
AUTHORISED TRANSLATION
VOLUME I
MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED
ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON
i 908
First Edition 190°
Reprinted 1908
3
)
)
I-
(Ha tifje JKEmoto of
MY TEACHER AND FRIEND
PROFESSOR HANS BROCHNER
124420J
TRANSLATOR'S NOTE
My thanks are due to Miss M. Stawell for valuable help
in the translation of the chapters on Fichte, Schelling,
and Hegel ; and to Miss H. Tayler, who was kind
enough to read through the proofs of the latter half of
Vol. II. In the case of quotations from works of which
there already exist well-known English translations {e.g
Kant's works), on which I could not hope to improve, I
have quoted from these translations.
B. E. MEYER.
a 2
3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PAGE
xiii
BOOK I
THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE RENAISSANCE
HAP.
i. The Renaissance and the Middle Ages
A. THE DISCOVERY OF MAN
2. Humanism .....
3. pletro pomponazzi and nlcolo machiavelli
4. Michel de Montaigne and Pierre Charron
5. Ludovicus Vives ....
6. The Development of Natural Law
7. Natural Religion
8. Religious Speculation (Jakob Boehme)
13
26
35
38
59
69
B. THE NEW CONCEPTION OF THE WORLD
9. The Aristotelio-Medi/eval World-Scheme
io. nlcolaus cusanus
11. Bernardino Telesio
12. The Copernican World-Scheme .
13. Giordano Bruno .
(a) Biography and Characteristics
(b) Establishment and Extension of the New World
Scheme
78
83
92
103
1 10
1 10
123
./ m OF MODERN PHIL0S0PH1
i ;. Giordano Bruno Continued
Fundamental Philosophy al [deas
() Theory of Knowledge .
(c) Fundamental Concepts of the System .
(d) Philosophy of Religion
(e) Natural Philosophy and Psychology
(/) Ethic and Theory of Politics
6. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
(a) Biography and Characteristics
(Z>) The Doctrine of Monads
(c) Psychology and Theory of Knowledge .
(d) The Theodicee
(e) Philosophy of Law
7. Christian Wolff .
PAGE
259
259
265
269
272
274
279
287
292
292
SOI
307
315
317
323
332
332
343
356
362
367
369
BOOK IV
ENGLISH EMPIRICAL PHILOSOPHY
INTRODUCTION . . . . . -375
1. John Locke ...... 377
(a) Biography and Characteristics . . . 377
(6) The Origin of Ideas . . . . .382
(c) The Validity of Knowledge . . . -385
(d) Philosophy of Religion .... 388
(e) Philosophy of Law and of the State . . . 389
2. Discussions on Moral and Religious Philosophy . 392
(a) The Doctrine of the Moral Sense . . . 392
(6) The Free-Thinkers . . . . .402
3. Newton and his Significance for Philosophy . 4°7
A HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY
chai
Gi orge Berki ley .
(.1) Biography and Characteristics
(^) On Space .mil Abstract Ideas
Epistemological Consequences .
5. David Hume
(./) Biography and Characteristics
(6) Epistemological Radicalism
(c) Ethics
(d) Philosophy of Religion
I Hi - mi's Successors and Critics in England
(
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
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