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THE LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA
THE COLLECTION OF
NORTH CAROLINL^NA
C917.05
N87II1
1953
C.5
This book may be kept out one month unless a recall
notice is sent to you. It must be brought to the North
Carolina Collection (in Wilson Library) for renewal.
Form No. A-369
NORTH CAROLINA
MANUAL
1953
A
yf^i^
r^ f
NORTH CAROLINA MANUAL
1953
Issued by
Thad Eure
Secretary of State
Raleigh
1953
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
MARCH
APRIL
S M T W T F S
S M T W T I- S
S M T W T F S
S M T W T F S
1 2 3
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18 19 20 21 22 2) 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
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29 30 31
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JUNE
JULY
AUGUST
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30 31
SEPTEMBER
5 M T VV T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
OCTOBER
S M T W T F S
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4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
NOVEMBER
S M T W T F S
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15 16 17 18 19 20 21
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29 30
DECEMBER
5 M T W T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
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1954
JANUARY
S M T W T F S
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3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
MAY
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FEBRUARY
S M T W T F S
12 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 II 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28
JUNE
5 M T W T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
MARCH
S M T W T F S
12 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 1 I 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31
JULY
S M T W T F S
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18 19 20 21 22 23 24
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APRIL
S M T W T F S
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18 19 20 21 22 23 24
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AUGUST
5 M T W T F S
12 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31
SEPTEMBER
S M
T W
> I 1
T F S
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5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30
OCTOBER
S M T W T F S
I 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 II 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
NOVEMBER
S M T W T F S
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14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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S M T W T F S
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L // /^
r.5
TO THE
1953 MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF NORTH CAROLINA
TO THE
STATE, COUNTY, CITY AND TOWN OFFICIALS
AND TO THE
PEOPLE OF THE OLD NORTH STATE
AT HOME AND ABROAD
THIS MANUAL IS RESPECTFULLY
DEDICATED
Secretary of State
%
^
Printed bv
WINSTON PRINTING COMPANY
Winston-Salem, N. C, U. S. A.
CONTENTS
PART I
HISTORICAL
Page
The State 3
The State Capitol 11
Chief Executives of North Carolina
Governors of Virginia 13
Executives under the Proprietors 13
Governors under the Crown 14
Governors Elected by the Legislature 14
Governors Elected by the People 16
List of Lieutenant Governors 18
The State Flag 21
The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence 22
The Great Seal of North Carolina 24
The State Bird 27
The Halifax Resolution 28
Name of State and Nicknames 29
The State Motto 29
The State Colors 30
The State Flower 30
The State's Most Famous Toast 30
Legal Holidays in North Carolina 30
Population of the State since 1675 31
State Song 32
The Constitution of North Carolina 33
The American's Creed '^•i
The American Flag
Origin 73
Proper Display 75
Pledge to the Flag 79
The National Capitol 81
Declaration of Independence 84
Constitution of the United States 89
PART II
CENSUS
Seventeenth Census, 1950
Population of State 11«^
Population of Counties 114
Population of Cities and Towns 114
V
VI North Carolina Manual
PART III
POLITICAL
Page
Congressional Districts 123
Judicial Districts 128
Senatorial Districts and Apportionment of Senators 124
Apportionment of ]\Iembers of the House of Representatives.... 127
State Democratic Platform 128
Plan of Organization of the State Democratic Party 143
Committees of the Democratic Party
State Democratic Executive Committee 156
Congressional District Executive Committees 160
Judicial District Executive Committees 164
Senatorial Executive Committees 170
State Democratic Solicitorial District
Executive Committees 173
Chairmen of the Countv Executives Committees 177
State Republican Platform' 179
Plan of Organization of the State Republican Party 190
Committees of the Republican Party
State Republican Executive Committee 196
Congressional, Judicial, and Senatorial
District Committees 198
Chairmen of the County Executive Committees 198
PART IV
ELECTION RETURNS
Popular and Electorial Vote for President bv States, 1952 203
Popular Vote for President bv States, 1936-1948 204
Vote for President by Counties, 1932-1952 206
Vote for Governor by Counties, Primaries, 1952 209
Vote for Governor by Counties, General Elections, 1932-1952.... 211
Vote for State Officials, Democratic Primaries, 1944 and 1948.... 214
Vote for State Officials by Counties, Primary, 1952 215
Total Votes Cast— General Election, 1952 223
Vote for Governor in Democratic Primaries, 1924-1952 224
Vote for Congressmen in Democratic Primary, May 31, 1952.... 225
Vote for Congressmen in Second Primary, June 28, 1952 228
Vote for Members of Congress, 1938-1952 230
Vote for United States Senator, First Primary, May 27, 1950 242
Vote for United States Senator, Second Primary, June 24, 1950 244
Vote for United States Senator, General Election,
November 7, 1950 246
Vote for Constitutional Amendments by Counties, 1952 248
Vote on Prohibition, 1881, 1908, 1933 254
Contents VII
PART V
GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
Page
Agencies, Boards and Commissions 257
North Carolina Institutions
Correctional
White 278
Negro 278
Educational
White 279
Negro 286
Hospitals
White 290
Negro 293
Confederate Woman's Home 29.3
Examining Boards 294
State Owned Railroads 300
PART VI
LEGISLATIVE
The General Assembly
Senate
Officers 303
Senators (Arranged Alphabetically) 303
Senators (Arranged by Disti'icts) 304
Rules 305
Standing Committees 320
Seat Assignments 329
House of Representatives
Officers 330
Members (Arranged Alphabetically) 330
Members (Arranged by Counties) 332
Rules 334
Standing Committees 348
Seat Assignm.ents 363
PART VII
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES
Executive Officials 369
Administrative Officials 377
United States Senators 398
Representatives in Congress 400
Justices of the Supreme Court 410
Members of the General Assembly
Senators 417
Representatives 448
Occupational and Professional Classification 511
VIII North Carolina Manual
PART VIII
OFFICIAL REGISTER
Page
United States Government
President and Vice-President 519
Cabinet Members 519
North Carolina Senators and Representatives in Congress 519
United States Supreme Court Justices 519
United States District Court
Judges 519
Clerks 519
District Attorneys 519
United States Circuit Court of Appeals
Judge Fourth District 519
State Government
Legislative Department 520
Executive Department 520
Judicial Department 520
Administrative Department ] 521
State Institutions 522
Heads of Agencies other than State 523
County Government 524
ILLUSTRATIONS
State Capitol 10
State Flag !..."!.".""" 20
State Seal ..."."".."!.".".."!..". 25
State Bird ....!!!!!."."!."". 26
State Song (Words and Music) ."."!!!!"!..."..".!.." 32
Map of North Carolina 70
The American Flag Opposite'Page 72
Map Showing Senatorial Districts 136, 137
Map Showing Congressional Districts 168' 169
Map Showing Judicial Districts 200,' 201
Seating Diagram of Senate Chamber ' 328
Seating Diagram of House of Representatives ." 364
Pictures
Governor 3gg
State Officers ."."..". 373
Senators and Congressmen 397 403
Justices of the Supreme Court [', ' 412
State Senators 41g 423 431
Members House of Representatives
450, 459, 467, 475, 484, 493, 505
PART I
HISTORICAL
THE STATE
North Carolina, often called the "Tar Heel" state, was the scone
of the first attempt to colonize America by English-speaking peo-
ple. Under a charter granted to Sir ^Sltgi' Raleigh by Queen
Elizabeth, a colony was begun in the iBhrVi;. on Roanoke Island.
This settlement, however, was unsuccessful and later became
known as "The Lost Colony."
The first permanent settlement was made about 1650 by immi-
grants from Virginia. In 1663 Charles II granted to eight Lord
Proprietors a charter for the territory lying "within six and
thirty degrees of the northern latitude, and to the west as far as
the south seas, and so southerly as far as the river St. Mattias,
which bordereth upon the coast of Florida, and within one and
thirty degrees of northern latitude, and so west in a direct line as
far as the south seas aforesaid; . . ." and the colony was called
Carolina. In 1665 another charter was granted to these noble-
men. This charter extended the limits of Carolina so that the
northern line was 36 degrees and 30 minutes north latitude, and
the southern line was 29 degrees north latitude, and both of these
lines extended westward to the South seas.
In 1669 John Locke wrote the Fundamental Constitutions as a
model for the government of Carolina. The Lord Proprietors
adopted these constitutions and directed the governor to put into
operation as much of them as was feasible. In 1670 there were
four precincts (changed to counties in 1739) ; Pasquotank, Per-
quimans, Chowan, and Currituck. North Carolina now has one
hundred counties.
Carolina on December 7, 1710, was divided into North Caroliiia
and South Carolina, and Edward Hyde, on May 12, 1712, became
the first governor of North Carolina.
In 1729 seven of the eight Lord Proprietors sold their interest
in Carolina to the Crown and North Carolina became a royal
colony. George Burrington was the first royal governor. Richard
Everard, the last proprietary governor, served until Burrington
was appointed.
North Carolina, on April 12, 1776, authorized her delegates in
the Continental Congress to vote for independence, and on Decem-
ber 18, 1776, adopted a constitution. Richard Caswell became the
4 North Carolina Manual
first governer under this constitution. On November 21, 1789, the
state adopted the United States Constitution, being the twelfth
state to enter the Federal Union. North Carolina, in 1788, had
rejected the Constitution on the grounds that certain amendments
were vital and necessary to a free people.
A Constitutional convention was held in 1835 and among several
changes made in the Constitution was the method of electing the
governor. After this change the governor was elected by the peo-
ple for a term of two years instead of being elected by the Legis-
lature for a term of one year. Edward Bishop Dudley was the
first governor elected by the people.
North Carolina seceded from the Union May 20, 1861, and was
readmitted to the Uiiion in July, 1868.
A new State Constitution was adopted in 1868 and since that
date the governor has been elected by the people for four-year
terms and he cannot succeed himself. There has not been a new
constitution since 1868, but numerous amendments have been added
to it.
North Carolina has had a democratic administration since 1900,
during which period it has made its greatest progress.
North Carolina has had two permanent capitals — New Bern and
Raleigh — and there have been three capitol buildings. Tryon's
Palace in New Bern was constructed in the period, 1767-1770, and
the main building was destroyed by fire February 27, 1798. The
first capitol in Raleigh was completed in 1794 and was destroyed
by fire on June 21, 1831. The present capitol was completed in 1840.
The state in 1790 ceded her western lands, which was composed
of Washington, Davidson, Hawkins, Greene, Sullivan, Sumner,
and Tennessee counties, to the Federal government, and between
1790 and 1796 the territory was known as Tennessee Territory,
but in 1796 it became the fifteenth state in the Union.
In 1738, the General Assembly of North Carolina passed an act
authorizing the establishment of district courts which served as
appelant courts. These courts were authorized to be held in Bath,
New Bern, and New Town — now Wilmington. In 1746, the Gen-
eral Assembly repealed the act of 1738 and established district
courts to be held at Edenton, Wilmington, and Edgecombe. From
1754 until 1790, other districts were formed as the state expanded
in territory and developed needs for these districts. By 1790, there
were eight judicial districts divided into two ridings of four dis-
The State 5
tricts each. In 1806, the General Assembly passed an act estab-
lishing a superior court in each county. The act also set up judi-
cial districts composed of certain contiguous counties, and this
practice of expanding the districts has continued from five districts
in 1806 until now there are twenty-one districts.
When North Carolina adopted the Federal Constitution on
November 21, 1789, she was authorized to send two senators and
five representatives to the Congress of the United States accord-
ing to the constitutional apportionment. In 1792, when the first
federal census had been completed and tabulated, it was found that
North Carolina was entitled to ten representatives. It was then
that the General Assembly divided the state into ten congressional
districts. In 1812, the state had grown and increased in population
until it was entitled to thirteen representatives in Congress. Be-
tween 1812 and 1865, however, the population decreased so much
in proportion to the population of the other states of the Union
that Noi'th Carolina was by that time entitled only to seven repre-
sentatives. Since 1865 the population of the state has shown a
slow but steady increase, and now there are twelve congressional
districts. The state, therefore, has two senators and twelve repre-
sentatives in the Congress of the United States.
North Carolina provides a basic, state-supported nine months
public school term. Sixty of the 172 units supplement this locally.
Separate schools are maintained for different races. Public school
enrollment in 1951-52 was 912,597. There were 28,897 teachers and
1,752 principals and supervisors and 172 superintendents. More
than two-thirds of all general fund taxes collected by the state are
used for education. The state operates the largest bus fleet in the
world, 6,130 vehicles, to transport 410,000 children to the public
schools. Attendance is compulsory for children between ages 7
and 16.
There are 3,456 public school buildings, and a $125,000,000
building program is now in progress. Value of public school prop-
erty in 1950-51 was $282,558,115.
The University of North Carolina, chartered in 1789, was the
first state university to open its doors. The Greater University
of North Carolina is comprised of the University at Chapel Hill,
State College at Raleigh, and Woman's College in Greensboro. In
all there are 59 institutions of higher learning in the state.
Twelve are state-supported. Forty-three are private or denomina-
6 North Carolina Manual
tional. Four are public institutions but without state support.
Thirteen of these institutions are exclusively for Negroes and one
for Indians. Duke University in Durham is one of the most heavily
endowed institutions of hig'her learning in the world. Total uni-
versity and college enrollment in 1951 was 40,739.
On January 1, 1952, the state had under its direct jurisdiction
66,547 miles of highways, roads and streets in North Carolina,
this length being roughly equivalent to the distance of two and
one-half times around the world at the equator. This vast mileage
is divided into three basic systems, as follows:
The Rural State Highway System which covers the U. S. and
N. C. routes for a length of 10,642 miles, of which 10,304 are hard
surfaced.
The County or Secondary Roads include 53,511 miles and are
under the exclusive jurisdiction of the state. By September 30,
1952, 17,738 miles of these roads had been hardsurfaced. Phe-
nomenal growth has been noted in this respect since Januai-y 1,
1950. This 17,738 miles had been increased from 6,372 miles
within less than three years, representing a paving program on
this system during the period of 11,366 miles. This great paving
program was financed by a special bond issue approved by the
people in an election held in June of 1949 and represents by far
the greatest secondary road paving program by any state in a
similar period of time.
In addition, the state has exclusive or coordinate jurisdiction
over 2,394 miles of city and town streets which form a part of the
State Highway and County Road System in municipalities, of which
1,964 miles are paved.
On the basis of available data, there are only five states in the
Nation with more rural miles of pavement — Texas, California,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York — all of which have far greater
populations and numbers of motor vehicles. By December 31, 1952,
the state systems are expected to total about 30,500 miles of paved
and 37,040 miles of unpaved highways, local roads and system
streets.
The entire program, since 1921, has been financed exclusively
from the gasoline tax, motor vehicle license fees and federal aid,
without recourse to property taxation or aid from the general
fund. During the last fiscal year, the state expended from the
regular highway fund $104,125,560.00 for construction, mainte-
The State 7
nance, betterments and improvements, including the operation of
the Motor Vehicle Bureau, Highway Patrol, the Highway Safety
Division, several other state agencies, the retirement of road debt
and material cash aid for city and town streets.
An additional $49,991,577 was expended from the special $200,-
000,000.00 secondary road bond issue of 1949, bringing the years
total to $154,117,137.
North Carolina from its earliest time has always been an
agricultural state. In the early period the chief exports were
beef, pork, tobacco, corn, and of course, naval stores such as tar,
pitch, and turpentine, which gave an additional income to the
farmers. Some of the principal agricultural products now are
corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, barley, oats, peanuts, soya beans,
various types of hay, potatoes, garden truck, dairy products,
beef, pork, poultry, and fruits. The production of flue-cured to-
bacco in 1951 totaled 977,640,000 pounds; also there was pro-
duced 21,350,000 pounds of burley tobacco, making a total crop
of 998,990,000 pounds, valued at $534,554,000. During the same
year North Carolina produced 315,210,000 pounds of peanuts
valued at approximately $37,825,000. The cotton crop for 1951
amounted to 542,000 bales and brought approximately $104,884,000.
The production of hay, including all types, amounted to 1,225,000
tons valued at approximately $37,362,000. The corn crop amounted
to 67,611,000 bushels valued at $111,558,000, produced from 2,181,-
000 acres. Irish potatoes for 1951 amounted to 6,909,000 bushels
valued at $8,844,000. These potatoes were produced from a total of
49,000 acres. Sweet potatoes produced during the year amounted
to 3,760,000 bushels produced from 40,000 acres and valued at
$11,280,000. Soya bean production during the year amounted to
4,950,000 bushels produced from 300,000 acres and valued at
$13,118,000. North Carolina produces much fruit and nuts. Com-
mercial apple production during the year amounted to 1,269,000
bushels valued at $2,221,000; 1,806,000 bushels of peaches valued
at $3,341,000; 154,000 bushels of pears valued at $277,000; 3,200
tons of grapes valued at $400,000, and 2,435,000 pounds of pecans
valued at $614,000 were produced.
North Carolina, already a leader in various types of industry,
is gaining recognition as a state of many diversified products.
Textiles, tobacco, furniture, food and chemicals are highest in sales.
Since the end of World War II the number of manufacturing
8 North Carolina Manual
plants in North Carolina has more than doubled — the last count,
made in 1951, showed 8,272 plants as compared with 4,029 in 1945.
In the 8,272 plants, over 425,000 persons are employed, earning
$2,038,000,000. Sales of these manufactured products amounted
to $6,181,000,000.
There are 1,047 textile plants in the state. These plants employ
around 230,000 persons with gross earnings of $1,096,000,000.
During 1951 these 1,047 plant sales amounted to $1,167,000,000,
or 44 per cent of the sales of all manufactured products in the
state. Some of the products manufactured are cotton, yarn, thread,
twine, cordage, broad and narrow cotton woven goods, also various
synthetics, woolens and worsteds, and hosiery — both seamless and
full-fashioned made of cotton, silk and nylon.
The 54 tobacco plants in the state employ 28,000 persons, with
an annual income of $185,000,000. Sales amounted to $1,284,000,-
000. The tobacco factories manufacture cigarettes, cigars, smoking
tobacco, chewing tobacco and snuff. North Carolina produces over
55 per cent of the cigarettes and 35 per cent of the smoking and
chewing tobacco and snuff used in the United States.
There are approximately 776 food manufacturing establish-
ments in North Carolina. These plants employ 22,000 persons
whose gross earnings are $89,000,000. During 1951 these 776 plants
produced food products whose sales amounted to $478,000,000.
The chemical industry showed a tremendous gain of 820 per
cent over the 1949 production. The chemical plants in the state
made sales amounting to $343,000,000 in 1951.
Rubber products showed an increase of 105 per cent over 1949;
electrical machinery 86 per cent; stone, clay and glass products
96 per cent and lumber 82 per cent.
Diversification marked the development of Noith Carolina's
manufacturing industries more in the past several years than ever
before. The various synthetic, woolen and finishing plants that
started production throughout the state gave a marked degree
of diversification to the textile industry. Other examples of the
state's industrial diversification are the manufacturing of boilers
and other metal products, cigarette paper, cellophane, electric
equipment, automatic typewriters, aluminum windows and jalou-
sies, electric blankets, fire arms and hypodermic needles. Small
industries range from fish nets and silverware to plastic novelties
and cosmetic concentrates.
The State 9
Rural areas of North Carolina received little benefits from
rural electrification prior to 1935, which is often spoken of as
the starting point. At that time, only 1884 miles of rural lines
serving 11,558 farms were recorded by the North Carolina Rural
Electrification Authority, which was created in that year to secure
electric service for the rural areas. Today the Authority reports
in operation 72,672 miles of rural lines serving 481,113 consumers
of which 260,811 are farms. In addition to this, there were 3,704
miles under construction or authorized for construction to serve
16,273 consumers. Electrification has contributed largely to the
great progress in agricultural development over the past few
years. The electrified farm provides for comfort and health in
farm living through lighting, refrigeration, ranges, washing ma-
chines, freezers, plumbing and all the other many useful house-
hold electric appliances. Electricity is essential to modern farm
production. Farmers have motors for universal use — yard and
building lighting, running water, poultry incubators, brooders for
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA
THE COLLECTION OF
NORTH CAROLINL^NA
C917.05
N87II1
1953
C.5
This book may be kept out one month unless a recall
notice is sent to you. It must be brought to the North
Carolina Collection (in Wilson Library) for renewal.
Form No. A-369
NORTH CAROLINA
MANUAL
1953
A
yf^i^
r^ f
NORTH CAROLINA MANUAL
1953
Issued by
Thad Eure
Secretary of State
Raleigh
1953
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
MARCH
APRIL
S M T W T F S
S M T W T I- S
S M T W T F S
S M T W T F S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
II 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 2) 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
12 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
12 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31
12 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30
MAY
JUNE
JULY
AUGUST
S M T W T F S
S M T W T F S
S M T W T F S
S M T W T F S
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 II 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
12 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 II 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30
12 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 31
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
SEPTEMBER
5 M T VV T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
OCTOBER
S M T W T F S
I 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
II 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
NOVEMBER
S M T W T F S
12 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30
DECEMBER
5 M T W T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
26 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30 31
1954
JANUARY
S M T W T F S
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
MAY
S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 II 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
FEBRUARY
S M T W T F S
12 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 II 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28
JUNE
5 M T W T F S
12 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
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L // /^
r.5
TO THE
1953 MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF NORTH CAROLINA
TO THE
STATE, COUNTY, CITY AND TOWN OFFICIALS
AND TO THE
PEOPLE OF THE OLD NORTH STATE
AT HOME AND ABROAD
THIS MANUAL IS RESPECTFULLY
DEDICATED
Secretary of State
%
^
Printed bv
WINSTON PRINTING COMPANY
Winston-Salem, N. C, U. S. A.
CONTENTS
PART I
HISTORICAL
Page
The State 3
The State Capitol 11
Chief Executives of North Carolina
Governors of Virginia 13
Executives under the Proprietors 13
Governors under the Crown 14
Governors Elected by the Legislature 14
Governors Elected by the People 16
List of Lieutenant Governors 18
The State Flag 21
The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence 22
The Great Seal of North Carolina 24
The State Bird 27
The Halifax Resolution 28
Name of State and Nicknames 29
The State Motto 29
The State Colors 30
The State Flower 30
The State's Most Famous Toast 30
Legal Holidays in North Carolina 30
Population of the State since 1675 31
State Song 32
The Constitution of North Carolina 33
The American's Creed '^•i
The American Flag
Origin 73
Proper Display 75
Pledge to the Flag 79
The National Capitol 81
Declaration of Independence 84
Constitution of the United States 89
PART II
CENSUS
Seventeenth Census, 1950
Population of State 11«^
Population of Counties 114
Population of Cities and Towns 114
V
VI North Carolina Manual
PART III
POLITICAL
Page
Congressional Districts 123
Judicial Districts 128
Senatorial Districts and Apportionment of Senators 124
Apportionment of ]\Iembers of the House of Representatives.... 127
State Democratic Platform 128
Plan of Organization of the State Democratic Party 143
Committees of the Democratic Party
State Democratic Executive Committee 156
Congressional District Executive Committees 160
Judicial District Executive Committees 164
Senatorial Executive Committees 170
State Democratic Solicitorial District
Executive Committees 173
Chairmen of the Countv Executives Committees 177
State Republican Platform' 179
Plan of Organization of the State Republican Party 190
Committees of the Republican Party
State Republican Executive Committee 196
Congressional, Judicial, and Senatorial
District Committees 198
Chairmen of the County Executive Committees 198
PART IV
ELECTION RETURNS
Popular and Electorial Vote for President bv States, 1952 203
Popular Vote for President bv States, 1936-1948 204
Vote for President by Counties, 1932-1952 206
Vote for Governor by Counties, Primaries, 1952 209
Vote for Governor by Counties, General Elections, 1932-1952.... 211
Vote for State Officials, Democratic Primaries, 1944 and 1948.... 214
Vote for State Officials by Counties, Primary, 1952 215
Total Votes Cast— General Election, 1952 223
Vote for Governor in Democratic Primaries, 1924-1952 224
Vote for Congressmen in Democratic Primary, May 31, 1952.... 225
Vote for Congressmen in Second Primary, June 28, 1952 228
Vote for Members of Congress, 1938-1952 230
Vote for United States Senator, First Primary, May 27, 1950 242
Vote for United States Senator, Second Primary, June 24, 1950 244
Vote for United States Senator, General Election,
November 7, 1950 246
Vote for Constitutional Amendments by Counties, 1952 248
Vote on Prohibition, 1881, 1908, 1933 254
Contents VII
PART V
GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
Page
Agencies, Boards and Commissions 257
North Carolina Institutions
Correctional
White 278
Negro 278
Educational
White 279
Negro 286
Hospitals
White 290
Negro 293
Confederate Woman's Home 29.3
Examining Boards 294
State Owned Railroads 300
PART VI
LEGISLATIVE
The General Assembly
Senate
Officers 303
Senators (Arranged Alphabetically) 303
Senators (Arranged by Disti'icts) 304
Rules 305
Standing Committees 320
Seat Assignments 329
House of Representatives
Officers 330
Members (Arranged Alphabetically) 330
Members (Arranged by Counties) 332
Rules 334
Standing Committees 348
Seat Assignm.ents 363
PART VII
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES
Executive Officials 369
Administrative Officials 377
United States Senators 398
Representatives in Congress 400
Justices of the Supreme Court 410
Members of the General Assembly
Senators 417
Representatives 448
Occupational and Professional Classification 511
VIII North Carolina Manual
PART VIII
OFFICIAL REGISTER
Page
United States Government
President and Vice-President 519
Cabinet Members 519
North Carolina Senators and Representatives in Congress 519
United States Supreme Court Justices 519
United States District Court
Judges 519
Clerks 519
District Attorneys 519
United States Circuit Court of Appeals
Judge Fourth District 519
State Government
Legislative Department 520
Executive Department 520
Judicial Department 520
Administrative Department ] 521
State Institutions 522
Heads of Agencies other than State 523
County Government 524
ILLUSTRATIONS
State Capitol 10
State Flag !..."!.".""" 20
State Seal ..."."".."!.".".."!..". 25
State Bird ....!!!!!."."!."". 26
State Song (Words and Music) ."."!!!!"!..."..".!.." 32
Map of North Carolina 70
The American Flag Opposite'Page 72
Map Showing Senatorial Districts 136, 137
Map Showing Congressional Districts 168' 169
Map Showing Judicial Districts 200,' 201
Seating Diagram of Senate Chamber ' 328
Seating Diagram of House of Representatives ." 364
Pictures
Governor 3gg
State Officers ."."..". 373
Senators and Congressmen 397 403
Justices of the Supreme Court [', ' 412
State Senators 41g 423 431
Members House of Representatives
450, 459, 467, 475, 484, 493, 505
PART I
HISTORICAL
THE STATE
North Carolina, often called the "Tar Heel" state, was the scone
of the first attempt to colonize America by English-speaking peo-
ple. Under a charter granted to Sir ^Sltgi' Raleigh by Queen
Elizabeth, a colony was begun in the iBhrVi;. on Roanoke Island.
This settlement, however, was unsuccessful and later became
known as "The Lost Colony."
The first permanent settlement was made about 1650 by immi-
grants from Virginia. In 1663 Charles II granted to eight Lord
Proprietors a charter for the territory lying "within six and
thirty degrees of the northern latitude, and to the west as far as
the south seas, and so southerly as far as the river St. Mattias,
which bordereth upon the coast of Florida, and within one and
thirty degrees of northern latitude, and so west in a direct line as
far as the south seas aforesaid; . . ." and the colony was called
Carolina. In 1665 another charter was granted to these noble-
men. This charter extended the limits of Carolina so that the
northern line was 36 degrees and 30 minutes north latitude, and
the southern line was 29 degrees north latitude, and both of these
lines extended westward to the South seas.
In 1669 John Locke wrote the Fundamental Constitutions as a
model for the government of Carolina. The Lord Proprietors
adopted these constitutions and directed the governor to put into
operation as much of them as was feasible. In 1670 there were
four precincts (changed to counties in 1739) ; Pasquotank, Per-
quimans, Chowan, and Currituck. North Carolina now has one
hundred counties.
Carolina on December 7, 1710, was divided into North Caroliiia
and South Carolina, and Edward Hyde, on May 12, 1712, became
the first governor of North Carolina.
In 1729 seven of the eight Lord Proprietors sold their interest
in Carolina to the Crown and North Carolina became a royal
colony. George Burrington was the first royal governor. Richard
Everard, the last proprietary governor, served until Burrington
was appointed.
North Carolina, on April 12, 1776, authorized her delegates in
the Continental Congress to vote for independence, and on Decem-
ber 18, 1776, adopted a constitution. Richard Caswell became the
4 North Carolina Manual
first governer under this constitution. On November 21, 1789, the
state adopted the United States Constitution, being the twelfth
state to enter the Federal Union. North Carolina, in 1788, had
rejected the Constitution on the grounds that certain amendments
were vital and necessary to a free people.
A Constitutional convention was held in 1835 and among several
changes made in the Constitution was the method of electing the
governor. After this change the governor was elected by the peo-
ple for a term of two years instead of being elected by the Legis-
lature for a term of one year. Edward Bishop Dudley was the
first governor elected by the people.
North Carolina seceded from the Union May 20, 1861, and was
readmitted to the Uiiion in July, 1868.
A new State Constitution was adopted in 1868 and since that
date the governor has been elected by the people for four-year
terms and he cannot succeed himself. There has not been a new
constitution since 1868, but numerous amendments have been added
to it.
North Carolina has had a democratic administration since 1900,
during which period it has made its greatest progress.
North Carolina has had two permanent capitals — New Bern and
Raleigh — and there have been three capitol buildings. Tryon's
Palace in New Bern was constructed in the period, 1767-1770, and
the main building was destroyed by fire February 27, 1798. The
first capitol in Raleigh was completed in 1794 and was destroyed
by fire on June 21, 1831. The present capitol was completed in 1840.
The state in 1790 ceded her western lands, which was composed
of Washington, Davidson, Hawkins, Greene, Sullivan, Sumner,
and Tennessee counties, to the Federal government, and between
1790 and 1796 the territory was known as Tennessee Territory,
but in 1796 it became the fifteenth state in the Union.
In 1738, the General Assembly of North Carolina passed an act
authorizing the establishment of district courts which served as
appelant courts. These courts were authorized to be held in Bath,
New Bern, and New Town — now Wilmington. In 1746, the Gen-
eral Assembly repealed the act of 1738 and established district
courts to be held at Edenton, Wilmington, and Edgecombe. From
1754 until 1790, other districts were formed as the state expanded
in territory and developed needs for these districts. By 1790, there
were eight judicial districts divided into two ridings of four dis-
The State 5
tricts each. In 1806, the General Assembly passed an act estab-
lishing a superior court in each county. The act also set up judi-
cial districts composed of certain contiguous counties, and this
practice of expanding the districts has continued from five districts
in 1806 until now there are twenty-one districts.
When North Carolina adopted the Federal Constitution on
November 21, 1789, she was authorized to send two senators and
five representatives to the Congress of the United States accord-
ing to the constitutional apportionment. In 1792, when the first
federal census had been completed and tabulated, it was found that
North Carolina was entitled to ten representatives. It was then
that the General Assembly divided the state into ten congressional
districts. In 1812, the state had grown and increased in population
until it was entitled to thirteen representatives in Congress. Be-
tween 1812 and 1865, however, the population decreased so much
in proportion to the population of the other states of the Union
that Noi'th Carolina was by that time entitled only to seven repre-
sentatives. Since 1865 the population of the state has shown a
slow but steady increase, and now there are twelve congressional
districts. The state, therefore, has two senators and twelve repre-
sentatives in the Congress of the United States.
North Carolina provides a basic, state-supported nine months
public school term. Sixty of the 172 units supplement this locally.
Separate schools are maintained for different races. Public school
enrollment in 1951-52 was 912,597. There were 28,897 teachers and
1,752 principals and supervisors and 172 superintendents. More
than two-thirds of all general fund taxes collected by the state are
used for education. The state operates the largest bus fleet in the
world, 6,130 vehicles, to transport 410,000 children to the public
schools. Attendance is compulsory for children between ages 7
and 16.
There are 3,456 public school buildings, and a $125,000,000
building program is now in progress. Value of public school prop-
erty in 1950-51 was $282,558,115.
The University of North Carolina, chartered in 1789, was the
first state university to open its doors. The Greater University
of North Carolina is comprised of the University at Chapel Hill,
State College at Raleigh, and Woman's College in Greensboro. In
all there are 59 institutions of higher learning in the state.
Twelve are state-supported. Forty-three are private or denomina-
6 North Carolina Manual
tional. Four are public institutions but without state support.
Thirteen of these institutions are exclusively for Negroes and one
for Indians. Duke University in Durham is one of the most heavily
endowed institutions of hig'her learning in the world. Total uni-
versity and college enrollment in 1951 was 40,739.
On January 1, 1952, the state had under its direct jurisdiction
66,547 miles of highways, roads and streets in North Carolina,
this length being roughly equivalent to the distance of two and
one-half times around the world at the equator. This vast mileage
is divided into three basic systems, as follows:
The Rural State Highway System which covers the U. S. and
N. C. routes for a length of 10,642 miles, of which 10,304 are hard
surfaced.
The County or Secondary Roads include 53,511 miles and are
under the exclusive jurisdiction of the state. By September 30,
1952, 17,738 miles of these roads had been hardsurfaced. Phe-
nomenal growth has been noted in this respect since Januai-y 1,
1950. This 17,738 miles had been increased from 6,372 miles
within less than three years, representing a paving program on
this system during the period of 11,366 miles. This great paving
program was financed by a special bond issue approved by the
people in an election held in June of 1949 and represents by far
the greatest secondary road paving program by any state in a
similar period of time.
In addition, the state has exclusive or coordinate jurisdiction
over 2,394 miles of city and town streets which form a part of the
State Highway and County Road System in municipalities, of which
1,964 miles are paved.
On the basis of available data, there are only five states in the
Nation with more rural miles of pavement — Texas, California,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York — all of which have far greater
populations and numbers of motor vehicles. By December 31, 1952,
the state systems are expected to total about 30,500 miles of paved
and 37,040 miles of unpaved highways, local roads and system
streets.
The entire program, since 1921, has been financed exclusively
from the gasoline tax, motor vehicle license fees and federal aid,
without recourse to property taxation or aid from the general
fund. During the last fiscal year, the state expended from the
regular highway fund $104,125,560.00 for construction, mainte-
The State 7
nance, betterments and improvements, including the operation of
the Motor Vehicle Bureau, Highway Patrol, the Highway Safety
Division, several other state agencies, the retirement of road debt
and material cash aid for city and town streets.
An additional $49,991,577 was expended from the special $200,-
000,000.00 secondary road bond issue of 1949, bringing the years
total to $154,117,137.
North Carolina from its earliest time has always been an
agricultural state. In the early period the chief exports were
beef, pork, tobacco, corn, and of course, naval stores such as tar,
pitch, and turpentine, which gave an additional income to the
farmers. Some of the principal agricultural products now are
corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, barley, oats, peanuts, soya beans,
various types of hay, potatoes, garden truck, dairy products,
beef, pork, poultry, and fruits. The production of flue-cured to-
bacco in 1951 totaled 977,640,000 pounds; also there was pro-
duced 21,350,000 pounds of burley tobacco, making a total crop
of 998,990,000 pounds, valued at $534,554,000. During the same
year North Carolina produced 315,210,000 pounds of peanuts
valued at approximately $37,825,000. The cotton crop for 1951
amounted to 542,000 bales and brought approximately $104,884,000.
The production of hay, including all types, amounted to 1,225,000
tons valued at approximately $37,362,000. The corn crop amounted
to 67,611,000 bushels valued at $111,558,000, produced from 2,181,-
000 acres. Irish potatoes for 1951 amounted to 6,909,000 bushels
valued at $8,844,000. These potatoes were produced from a total of
49,000 acres. Sweet potatoes produced during the year amounted
to 3,760,000 bushels produced from 40,000 acres and valued at
$11,280,000. Soya bean production during the year amounted to
4,950,000 bushels produced from 300,000 acres and valued at
$13,118,000. North Carolina produces much fruit and nuts. Com-
mercial apple production during the year amounted to 1,269,000
bushels valued at $2,221,000; 1,806,000 bushels of peaches valued
at $3,341,000; 154,000 bushels of pears valued at $277,000; 3,200
tons of grapes valued at $400,000, and 2,435,000 pounds of pecans
valued at $614,000 were produced.
North Carolina, already a leader in various types of industry,
is gaining recognition as a state of many diversified products.
Textiles, tobacco, furniture, food and chemicals are highest in sales.
Since the end of World War II the number of manufacturing
8 North Carolina Manual
plants in North Carolina has more than doubled — the last count,
made in 1951, showed 8,272 plants as compared with 4,029 in 1945.
In the 8,272 plants, over 425,000 persons are employed, earning
$2,038,000,000. Sales of these manufactured products amounted
to $6,181,000,000.
There are 1,047 textile plants in the state. These plants employ
around 230,000 persons with gross earnings of $1,096,000,000.
During 1951 these 1,047 plant sales amounted to $1,167,000,000,
or 44 per cent of the sales of all manufactured products in the
state. Some of the products manufactured are cotton, yarn, thread,
twine, cordage, broad and narrow cotton woven goods, also various
synthetics, woolens and worsteds, and hosiery — both seamless and
full-fashioned made of cotton, silk and nylon.
The 54 tobacco plants in the state employ 28,000 persons, with
an annual income of $185,000,000. Sales amounted to $1,284,000,-
000. The tobacco factories manufacture cigarettes, cigars, smoking
tobacco, chewing tobacco and snuff. North Carolina produces over
55 per cent of the cigarettes and 35 per cent of the smoking and
chewing tobacco and snuff used in the United States.
There are approximately 776 food manufacturing establish-
ments in North Carolina. These plants employ 22,000 persons
whose gross earnings are $89,000,000. During 1951 these 776 plants
produced food products whose sales amounted to $478,000,000.
The chemical industry showed a tremendous gain of 820 per
cent over the 1949 production. The chemical plants in the state
made sales amounting to $343,000,000 in 1951.
Rubber products showed an increase of 105 per cent over 1949;
electrical machinery 86 per cent; stone, clay and glass products
96 per cent and lumber 82 per cent.
Diversification marked the development of Noith Carolina's
manufacturing industries more in the past several years than ever
before. The various synthetic, woolen and finishing plants that
started production throughout the state gave a marked degree
of diversification to the textile industry. Other examples of the
state's industrial diversification are the manufacturing of boilers
and other metal products, cigarette paper, cellophane, electric
equipment, automatic typewriters, aluminum windows and jalou-
sies, electric blankets, fire arms and hypodermic needles. Small
industries range from fish nets and silverware to plastic novelties
and cosmetic concentrates.
The State 9
Rural areas of North Carolina received little benefits from
rural electrification prior to 1935, which is often spoken of as
the starting point. At that time, only 1884 miles of rural lines
serving 11,558 farms were recorded by the North Carolina Rural
Electrification Authority, which was created in that year to secure
electric service for the rural areas. Today the Authority reports
in operation 72,672 miles of rural lines serving 481,113 consumers
of which 260,811 are farms. In addition to this, there were 3,704
miles under construction or authorized for construction to serve
16,273 consumers. Electrification has contributed largely to the
great progress in agricultural development over the past few
years. The electrified farm provides for comfort and health in
farm living through lighting, refrigeration, ranges, washing ma-
chines, freezers, plumbing and all the other many useful house-
hold electric appliances. Electricity is essential to modern farm
production. Farmers have motors for universal use — yard and
building lighting, running water, poultry incubators, brooders for
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