The American state reports, containing the cases of general value and authority subsequent to those contained in the American decisions and the American reports decided in the courts of last resort of the several states (Volume 91) online

THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

IRVINE

GIFT OF
J. A. C. Grant



THE



AMERICAN STATE REPORTS,

CONTAINING THE

CASES OF GENERAL VALUE AND AUTHORITY

SUBSEQUENT TO THOSE CONTAINED IN THE "AMERICAN
DECISIONS" AND THE "AMERICAN REPORTS,"

DECIDED IN THE

COURTS OF LAST RESORT

OF THE SEVERAL STATES.

SBLKCTKD, REPORTED, AND ANNOTATED



BY A. C. FREEMAN.



VOLUME 91.



SAN FRANCISCO:
BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPANY,

LAW PUBLISHERS AND LAW BOOKSELLERS.

1903.



l\ /



il



Copyright, 1903

BY
BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPAN1 .



SAN VRANCISCO:

THR KII,MER BROTHERS KLF.CTROTYPF. COMPANY,
TYPOGRAPHERS AND STKRKOTYPERS.



AMERICAN. STATE REPORTS.

VOLUME 91.



SCHEDULE

showing the original volumes of reports in which the
cases herein selected and re-reported may be found,
and the pages of this volume devoted to each state.

PAGE,

ALABAMA REPORTS Vol. 133. 17- 62

ARKANSAS REPORTS Vol. 70. 63-106

INDIANA APPEALS Vol. 28. 107-142

IOWA REPORTS Vol. 115. 143-186

KANSAS REPORTS Vol. 64. 187-260

MASSACHUSETTS REPORTS . . . Vol. 180. 261-330

MINNESOTA REPORTS Vol. 86. 331-385

MONTANA REPORTS Vol. 26. 386-422

NEW JERSEY LAW REPORTS . . . Vol. 67. 423-452

OREGON REPORTS Vol. 40. 453-589

RHODE ISLAND REPORTS .... Vol. 23. 590-665

SOUTH DAKOTA REPORTS .... Vol. 15. ' 666-705

TENNESSEE REPORTS Vol. 108. 706-777

UTAH REPORTS Vol. 24. 777-816

WASHINGTON REPORTS .... Vol. 27. 817-897

WISCONSIN REPORTS Vol. 114. 898-950

(5)



SCHEDULE



SHOWING IN WHAT VOLUMES OF THIS SERIES THE CASES

REPORTED IN THE SEVERAL VOLUMES OF OFFICIAL

REPORTS MAY BE FOUND.



atate reports are In parentheses, and the numbers of this series In bold-faced figures.

ALABAMA. - (83) 3; (84) 5; (85) 7; (88) 11; (87) 13; (88) 16; (89) 18; (90,

91) 84; (92) 25; (93) 30; (94) 33; (95) 36; (96, 97) 38; (98) 39; (99)

42; (100, 101) 46; (102) 48; (103) 49; (104, 105) 53; (106, 107, 108) 54;

<109, 110) 55; (111) 56; (112)57; (113)59; (114) 62; (115, 116) 67;

(118, 119) 72; (120) 74; (121) 77; (122, 123, 124, 125) 82; (126, 127) 85;

(128) 86; (129) 87; (130) 89; (131, 132) 90; (133) 91.
ARKANSAS. (48) 3; (49) 4; (50) 7; (51) 14; (52) 20; (53) 22; (54) 26;

(55) 29; (56) 35; (57) 38; (58) 41; (59) 43; (60) 46; (61, 62) 54;

(63) 58; (64) 62; (65) 67; (66) 74; (67) 77; (68) 82; (69) 88; (70) 91.

CALIFORNIA. (72) 1; (73) 2; (74) 5; (75) 7; (76) 9; (77) 11; (78, 79) 12; (80)
13; (81) 15; (82) 16; (83) 17; (84) 18; (85) 20; (86) 21; (87, 88) 22;
(89) 23; (90, 91) 25; (92, 93) 27; (94) 28; (95) 29; (96) 31; (97) 33;
<98) 35; (99) 37; (100) 38; (101) 40; (102) 41; (103) 42; (104) 43;
<105)45; (106)46; (107) 48; (108)49; (109) 50; (110, 111) 52; (112)
53; (113) 64; (114) 55; (115) 56; (116) 58; (117) 59; (118) 62; (119) 63;
020) 65; (121) 66; (122) 68; (123) 69; (124) 71; (125) 73; (126) 77;
(127) 78; (128, 129) 79; (130) 80; (131) 82; (132) 84; (133) 85; (134)
86; (135)87; (136)89.

COLORADO. (10) 3; (11) 7; (12) 13; (13) 16; (14) 20; (15) 22; (16) 25;
(17) 31; (18) 36; (19) 41; (20) 46; (21) 52; (22) 55; (23) 58; (24) 65;
(25) 71; (26) 77; (27) 83; (28) 89.

CONNECTICUT. (54) 1; (55) 3; (56) 7; (57) 14; (58) 18; (59) 21; (60) 25;

(61) 29; (62) 36; (63) 38; (64) 42; (65) 48; (66) 50; (67) 52; (68) 57;

(69) 61; (70) 66; (71) 71; (72) 77; (73) 84.
DELAWARE. (5 Houst.) 1; (6 Houst.) 22; (7 Houst.) 40; (9 Houst.) 43;

(1 Marv.) 66; (2 Marv.) 69; (1 Peimewill) 73; (2 Pennewill) 82.
FLORIDA. (22) 1; (23) 11; (24) 12; (25, 26) 23; (27) 26; (28) 29; (29) 30;

(30)32; (31) 34; (32) 37; (33) 39; (34)43; (35) 48; (36) 51; (37) 53;

(38) 56; (39) 63; (40) 74; (41) 79; (42) 89.

GSORGIA. (76) 2; (77) 4; (78) 6; (79) 11; (80, 81) 12; (82) 14; (83, 84) 2O;
(85) 21; (86) 22; (87) 27; (88) 30; (89) 32; (90) 35; (91, 92, 93) 44;
(94) 47; (95, 96) 51; (97) 64; (PS) 58; (99) 59; (100) 62; (101) 66;

(6,'



SCHEDULE. 7

(102) 66; (103) 68: (104) 69; (105) 70; (106) 71; (107) 78; (108) 76;
(109) 77; (110, 111) 78; (112) 81; (113) 84; (114) 88; (115) 90.

IDAHO. (2) 85.

ILLINOIS. (121) 8; (122) 8; (123) 5; (124) 7; (125) 8; (126) 9; (127) 11;
(128) 15; (129) 16; (130) 17; (131) 19; (132) 88; (133, 134) 83; (135)
85; (136) 89; (137) 81; (138, 139) 38; (140, 141) 33; (142) 34; (143,
144, 145) 36; (146, 147) 37; (148) 39; (149, 150)41; (151) 48; (152) 43;
(154)45; (153,155)46; (156)47; (157)48; (158)49; (159)50; (160,
161)58; (162)53; (163)54; (164, 165)56; (166)57; (167)59; (168, 169)
61; (170) 62; (171) 63; (172, 173) 64; (174) 66; (175) 67; (176) 68;
(177, 178) 69; (179) 70; (180, 181) 72; (182) 74; (183, 184) 75; (1S5)
76; (186) 78; (187) 79; (183) 80; (189) 82; (190) 83; (191, 192) 85;
(193) 86; (194, 195) 88; (196) 89; (197) 90.

INDIANA. (112) 2; (113) 3; (114) 5; (115) 7; (116) 9; (117, 118) 10; (119)
18; (120, 121) 16; (122) 17; (123) 18; (124)19; (125) 21; (126, 127) 22;
(128) 25; (129) 28; (130) 3O; (131) 31; (132) 32; (133) 36; (134)39;
(135) 41; (136) 43; (137) 45; (138) 46; (139) 47; (140) 49; (1, 2, 3
Ind. App.; 141)50; (4,5,6 lad. App.; 142) 51; (7, 8 Ind. App.; 143)52;
(9, 10 Ind. App.) 53; (11 Ind. App.) 54; (13 Ind. App.; 144) 55; (14
Ind. App.) 56; (15 Ind. App.; 145) 57; (146) 58; (16 Ind. App.) 59; (17
Ind. App.) 60; (147, 148) 62: (18 Ind. App.; 149) 63; (150; 19 Ind.
App.) 65; (20 Ind. App.) 67; (151) 68; (21 Ind. App.) 69; (152) 71;
(22 Ind. App.) 72; (153) 74; (23 Ind. App.; 154) 77; (24 Ind. App.)
79; (155)80; (25 Ind. App.) 81; (156) 83; (26 Ind. App.) 84; (157;
27 Ind. App.) 87; (28 Ind. App.) 91.

IOWA. (72) 8; (73) 5; (74) 7; (75) 9; (76, 77) 14; (78) 16; (79) 18; (80) 20;
(81) 25; (82) 31; (83) 32; (84) 35; (85) 39: (86) 41; (87) 43; (88) 45;
(89, 90), 48; (91) 51; (92) 54; (93) 57; (94, 95) 58; (96. 97) 59; (98) 60;
(99) 61; (100) 62; (101, 102) 63; (103) 64; (104) 65; (105) 67; (106) 68;
(107) 70; (108) 75; (109) 77; (110) 8d; (111) 82; (112) 84; (113) 86;
(114)89; (115)91.

KANSAS. (37) 1; (38) 5; (39) 7; (40) 10; (41) 13; (42) 16; (43) 19; (44) 21;

(45) 23; (46) 26; (47) 27; (48) 30; (49) 33; (50) 34; (51) 37; (52) 39;

(53) 42; (54) 45; (55) 49; (56) 54; (57) 57; (58) 62; (59) 68; (69) 72;

(61) 78; (62) 84; (63) 88; (64) 91.
KENTUCKY. (83, 84) 4; (85) 7; (86) 9; (87) 12; (88) 21; (89) 25; (90) 29;

(91) 34; (92) 36; (93) 40; (94) 42; (95) 44; (96) 49; (97) 53; (98) 56;

(99) 59; (100) 66; (101) 72; (102) 8O; (103) 82; (104) 84; (105) 88;

(106)90.

LOUISIANA. (39 La. Ann.) 4; (40 La. Ann.) 8; (41 La. Ann.) 17; (42 La.
Ann.) 81; (43 La. Ann.) 26; (44 La. Ann.) 38; (45 La. Ann.) 40; (4<i,
47 La. Ann.) 49; (48 La. Ann.) 65; (49 La. Ann.) 62; (50 La. Ann.) 69;
(51 La. Ann.) 72; (52 La. Ann.) 78; (104) 81; (105) 83; (106) 87; (107)
90.

MAINE. (79)1; (80)6; (81) 10; (82)17; (83)23; (84)30; (85)35; (86)41;
(87) 47; (88) 61; (89) 56; (90) 60; (91) 64; (92) 69; (93) 74; (94) 80;
(95) 85; (96) 90.

MARYLAND. (67) 1; (68) 6; (69) 9; (70) 14; (71) 17; (72) 20: (73) 25; (74)
28; (75) 32; (76) 35; (77)39; (78) 44; (80) 46; (79)47; (81)48; (8-2)61;



g SCHEDULE.

(83) 55; (84) B7; (85) 60; (86) 63; (87) 67; (88) 71; (89) 73; (90) 78;

(91) 80; (92) 84; (93) 86; (94) 89.
MASSACHUSETTS. (145)1; (146)4; (147)9; (148)12; (149)14; (150)15; (151)

81; (152) 23; (153) 25; (154) 26; (155) 31; (156) 32; (157) 34; (158) 35;

(159) 38; (160) 39; (161) 42; (162) 44; (163) 47; (164) 49; (165) 52;

(166) 55; (167) 57; (168) 60; (169) 61; (170) 64; (171) 68; (172) 70;

(173) 73; (174) 75; (175) 78;. (176) 79; (177) 83; (178) 86; (179) 88;

(180) 91.
MICHIGAN. -(60, 61) 1; (62) 4; (63) 6; (64, 65) 8; (66, 67) 11; (68, 69, 75) 13;

(70) 14; (71, 76) 15; (72, 73, 74) 16; (77, 78) 18; (79) 19; (80) 2O; (81,

82, 83) 21; (84) 22; (85, 86, 87) 24; (88) 26; (89) 28; (90, 91) 30; (92)

31; (93) 32; (94) 34; (95, 96) 35; (97) 37: (98) 39; (99) 41; (100) 43;

(101) 45; (102) 47; (103) 50; (104) 53; (105) 55; (106) 58; (107) 61;

(108) 62; (109) 63; (110) 64; (111) 66; (112, 113) 67; (114) 68; (115)

69; (116, 117) 72; (118) 74; (119) 75; (120) 77; (121, 122) 80; (123)

81; (124) 83; (125) 84; (126) 86; (127) 89.
MINNESOTA. (36) 1; (37) 5; (38) 8; (39, 40) 12; (41) 16; (42) 18; (43) 19;

(44) 20; (45) 22; (46) 24; (47) 28; (48) 31; (49) 32; (50) 36; (51, 52)

38; (53)39; (54) 40; (55)43; (56)45; (57)47; (58)49; (59) 5O; (60)51;

(61) 52; (62) 54; (63) 56; (64) 58; (65) 60; (66) 61; (67, 68) 64; (69)

65; (70) 68; (71) 70; (72) 71; (73) 72; (74) 73; (75) 74; (76, 77) 77;

(78, 79) 79; (80) 81; (81, 82) 83; (83) 85; (84) 87; (85) 89; (86) 91.
MISSISSIPPI. (65) 7; (66) 14; (67) 19; (68) 24; (69) 30; (70) 35; (71) 42;

(72) 48; (73) 55; (74) 60; (75) 65; (76) 71; (77) 78; (78) 84; (79) 89.
MISSOURI. (92) 1; (93) 3; (94) 4; (95) 6; (96) 9; (97) 10; (98) 14; (99) 17;

(100)18; (101)20; (102)22; (103) 23; (104, 105) 24; (106)27; (107) 28;

(108, 109) 32; (110, 11 1)33; (112) 34; (113, 114) 35; (115)37; (116, 117)

38; (118) 40; (119, 120) 41; (121) 42; (122) 43; (123) 45; (124, 125) 46;

(126) 47; (127) 48; (128) 49; (129) 50; (130) 51; (131) 52; (132) 53;

(133) 54; (134) 56; (135. 136) 58; (137) 59; (138) 60; (139) 61; (140)

62; (141, 142) 64; (143) 65; (144) 66; (145)68; (146)69; (147,148)71;

(149, 150) 73; (151) 74; (152) 75; (153, 154) 77; (155) 78; (156) 79;

(157) 8O; (158, 159) 81; (160) 83; (161) 84; (162, 163) 85; (164) 86;

(165) 88; (166) 89; (167, 168) 90.

MONTANA. (9) 18; (10) 24; (11) 28; (12) 33; (13) 40; (14) 43; (15)48;

(16) 50; (17) 52; (18) 56; (19) 61; (20) 63; (21) 69; (22) 74; (23) 75;

(24) 81; (25) 87; (26) 91.
NEBRASKA. (22) 3; (23, 24) 8; (25) 13; (26) 18; (27) 20; (28, 29) 26; (30)

27; (31) 28; (32, 33) 29; (34) 33; (35) 37; (36) 38; (37) 40; (38) 41;

(39, 40) 42; (41) 43; (42, 43) 47; (44) 48; (45, 46) 50; (47) 53; (47, 48)

58; (49) 59; (50) 61; (51, 52) 66; (53) 68; (54) 69; (55) 70; (56) 71;

(57) 73; (58) 76; (59) 80; (00) 83; (61) 87; (62) 89.
NEVADA. (19) 3; (20) 19; (21) 37; (22) 58; (23) 62; (24) 77; (25) 83.

NEW HAMPSHIRE. (64) 10; (62) 13; (65) 23; (GG) 48; (67) 68; (68) 73;
(6'J) 76; (70) 85.




SCHEDULE. 9

N. J. L.) 44; (52 N. J. Eq.) 46; (57 N. J. L.; 53 N. J. Eq.) 51; (54 N. J.

Eq.; 58 N. J. L.) 55; (59 N. J. L.) 69; (55 N. J. Eq.) 62; (60 N. J. L.)

64; (56 N. J. Eq.) 67; (61 N. J. L.) 68; (62 N. J. L.) 72; (57 N. J. Eq.)

73; (63 N. J. L.) 76; (58 N. J. Eq.) 78; (64 N. J. L.) 81; (59, 60 N. J.

Eq.) 83; (65 N. J. L.) 86; (61 N. J. Eq.; 66 N. J. L.) 88; (62 N. J. Eq.)

90; (67 N. J. L.) 91.
NEW YORK. (107) 1; (108) 2; (109)4; (110) 6; (111) 7; (112) 8; (113) 10;

(114) 11; (115) 12; (116, 117} 15; (118, 119) 16; (120) 17; (121) 18; (122)

19; (123) 20; (124, 125) 21; (126) 22; (127) 24; (128, 129) 26; (130.

131) 27; (132, 133) 28; (134) 30; (135) 31; (136) 32; (137)33; (138) 34;

(139) 36; (140) 37; (141) 38; (142) 40; (143) 42; (144) 43; (145) 45;

(146)48; (147)49; (148)51; (149)52; (150)55; (151)56; (152)57;

(153) 60; (154) 61; (155) 63; (156) 66; (157) 68; (158, 159) 70; (160)

73; (161, 162) 76; (163, 164) 79; (165) 80; (166, 167) 82; (168) 85;

(169, 170) 88; (171) 89.
NORTH CAROLINA. (97, 98) 2; (99, 100) 6; (101)9; (102) 11; (103) 14; (104)

17; (105)18; (106)19; (107)22; (108)23; (109)26; (110)28; (111)32;

(112) 34; (113) 37; (114) 41; (115) 44; (116) 47; (117) 53; (118) 54;

(119) 56; (120) 58; (121) 61; (122)65; (123) 68; (124) 70; (125) 74;

(126) 78; (127) 80; (128) 83; (129) 85; (130) 89.

NORTH DAKOTA. (1) 26; (2) 33; (3) 44; (4) 50; (5) 57; (6, 7) 66; (8) 73;
(9) 81; (10) 88.

OHIO. (45 Ohio St.) 4; (46 Ohio St.) 15; (47 Ohio St.) 21; (48 Ohio St.) 29;
(49 Ohio St.) 34; (50 Ohio St.) 40; (51 Ohio St.) 46; (52 Ohio St.) 49;
(53 Ohio St.) 53; (54 Ohio St.) 56; (55, 56 Ohio St.) 60; (57 Ohio St.) 63;
(58 Ohio St.) 65; (59 Ohio St.) 69; (60 Ohio St.) 71; (61 Ohio St.) 76;
(62 Ohio St.) 78; (63 Ohio St.) 81; (64 Ohio St.) 83; (65 Ohio St.) 87;
(66 Ohio St.) 90.

OREGON. (15) 3; (16) 8; (17) 11; (18) 17; (19) 20; (20) 23; (21) 28; (22)

29; ('23) 37; (24) 41; (25) 42; (26) 46; (27) 50; (28) 52; (29) 54; (30)

60; (31) 65; (32) 67; (33) 72; (34) 75; (35) 76; (36) 78; (37) 82; (38)

84; (39) 87; (40) 91.
PENNSYLVANIA. (115, 116, 117 Pa. St.) 2; (118, 119 Pa. St.) 4; (120, 121

Pa. St.) 6; (122 Pa. St.) 9; (123, 124 Pa. St.) 10; (125 Pa. St.) 11; (126

Pa. St.) 12; (127 Pa. St.) 14; (128, 129 Pa. St.) 15; (130, 131 Pa. St.) 17;

(132, 133, 134 Pa. St.) 19; (135, 136 Pa. St.) 20; (137, 138 Pa. St.) 21;

(139. 140, 141 Pa. St.) 23; (142, 143 Pa. St.) 24; (144, 145 Pa. St.) 27;

(146 Pa. St.) 88; (147, 150 Pa. St.) 30; (151 Pa. St.) 31; (148 Pa. St.)

33; (149, 152, 153 Pa. St.) 34; (154, 155 Pa. St.) 35; (156 Pa. St) 36;

(157 Pa. St.) 37; (158 Pa. St.) 38; (159 Pa. St.) 39; (160 Pa. St.) 40;

(161 Pa. St.) 41; (162 Pa. St.) 42; (163 Pa. St.) 43; (164, 165 Pa. St.) 44;

(166 Pa. St.) 45; (167 Pa. St.) 46; (168, 169 Pa. St.) 47; (170, 171 Pa.

St.) 50; (172, 173 Pa. St.) 51; (174, 175 Pa. St.) 52; (176 Pa. St.) 53;

(177 Pa. St.) 55; (178 Pa. St.) 56; (179, 180 Pa. St.) 57; (181 Pa. St.)

59; (182 Pa. St.) 61; (183, 184 Pa. St.) 63; (185 Pa, St.) 64; (ISO Pa.

St.) 65; (187 Pa. St.) 67; (188 Pa. St.) 68; (189 Pa. St.) 69; (190 Pa.

St.) 70; (191 Pa. St.) 71; (192 Pa. St.) 73; (193 Pa. St.) 74; (194 Pa.

St.) 75; (195 Pa. St.) 78; (196 Pa. St.) 79; (197 Pa. St) 80; (l'.)S )V

St.) 82; (199 Pa. St.) 85; (195, 200 Pa. St.) 86; (201 Pa. Si.) 83; ^Vrj

Pa. St.) 90.



10 SCHEDULE.

RHODB ISLAND. (15) 8; (16) 87; (17) 33; (18) 49; (19) 61; (20) 78; (21)

79; (22) 84; (23) 91.
SOUTH CAROLINA. (26) 4; (27, 28, 29) 13; (30) 14; (31, 32) 17; (33) 86;

(34) 87; (35) 88; (36) 31; (37) 34; (38) 37; (39) 39; (40) 48; (41) 44;

(42) 46; (43) 49; (44) 61; (45) 55; (46)57; (47) 58; (48) 59; (49) 61;

(60) 68; (51) 64; (52) 68; (53) 69; (54) 71; (55) 74; (56, 57) 76; (58) 79;

(59) 88; (60, 61) 85; (62) 89;) (63) 90.
SOUTH DAKOTA. (1) 36; (2) 39; (3) 44; (4) 46; (5) 49; (6) 55; (7) 58;

(8) 59; (9) 68; (10) 66; (11) 74; (12) 76; (13) 79; (14) 86; (15) 91.
TKNNESSEK. (85) 4; (86) 6; (87) 10; (88) 17; (89) 84; (90) 85; (91) 30;

(92) 36; (93) 48; (94) 45; (95) 49; (9G) 54; (97) 56; (98) 60; (99) 63;

(100) 66; (101) 70; (102) 73; (103) 76; (104) 78; (105) 80; (106) 88;

(107) 89; (108) 91.
TKTAS. (68) 8; (69; 24 Tex. App.) 5; (70; 25, 26 Tex. App.) 8; (71) 10;

(27 Tex. App.) 11; (72) 13; (73, 74) 15; (75) 16; (76) 18; (77; 28 Tex.

App.) 19; (78) 88; (79) 83; (29 Tex. App.) 85; (80, 81) 86; (82) 87;

(30 Tex. App.) 88; (83) 89; (84) 31; (85) 34; (31 Tex. Cr. Rep.; 86) 37;

(86; 32 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 40; (87; 33 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 47; (34 Tex. Cr.

Rep.; 88) 53; (89, 90) 59; (35 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 60; (36 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 61;

(91; 37 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 66; (38 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 70; (92) 71; (39 Tex. Cr.

Rep.) 73; (40 Tex. Cr. Rep.) 76; (93) 77; (94) 86.
UTAH. (13) 57; (14) 60; (15) 68; (16) 67; (17) 70; (18) 78; (19) 75; (20)

77; (21) 81; (22) 83; (23)90; (24) 91.
VERMONT. (60) 6; (61) 15; (62) 88; (63) 85; (64) 33; (65) 36; (66) 44;

(67) 48; (68) 54; (69) 60; (70) 67; (71) 76; (72) 88; (73) 87.
VIRGINIA. (82) 3; (83) 5; (84) 1O; (85) 17; (86) 19; (87) 84; (88) 89; (89)

37; (90) 44; (91) 50; (92) 53; (93) 57; (94, 95) 64; (96) 70; (97) 75;

(98) 81; (99) 86.
WASHINGTON. (1) 88; (2) 86; (3) 88; (4) 31; (5) 34; (6) 36; (7) 38; (8)

40; (9) 43; (10) 45; (11) 48; (12) 50; (13) 58; (14) 53; (15) 55; (16) 58;

(17) 61; (18) 63; (19) 67; (20) 78; (21) 75; (22) 79; (23) 83; (24) 85;

(25) 87; (26) 90; (27) 91.

WEST VIRGINIA. (29)6; (30) 8; (31)13; (32,33)85; (34) 86; (35) 89;

(36) 38; (37) 38; (38, 39) 45; (40) 58; (41) 56; (42) 57; (43) 64; (44)

67; (45) 78; (46) 76; (47) 81; (48) 86; (49) 87; (50) 88; (51) 90.
WISCONSIN. (69) 8; (70, 71) 5; (72) 7; (73) 9; (74, 75) 17; (76, 77) 80; (78)

83; (79) 84; (80) 87; (81) 89; (82) 33; (83) 35; (84) 36; (85, 86) 39;

(87) 41; (88) 43; (89) 46; (90) 48; (91) 51; (92) 53; (93) 57; (94) 69;

(95) 60; (96, 97) 66; (98, 99) 67; (100) 69; (101) 70; (102) 78; (103) 74;

(104, 105)76; (106)80; (107, 108) 81; (109) 83; (110) 84; (111) 87;

(112)88; (113)90; (114)91.

. (3) 31; (4) 68; (5) 63; (6) 71; (7) 75; (8) 80; (9) 87.



AMERICAN STATE REPORTS.

VOL. 91.



CASES REPORTED.



STJBJBCT. RBPOKT. PAOK.

Ainsworth v. Lakia ...... ..... ... Buildings ......... 180 Mass. 397 ____ 314

Atchison etc. R. R. Co. v. Osborn.^i -ide.net, ........... 64 Kan. 187 ..... 189

Atwater v. Spalding .............. Ejectment ......... 86 Minn. 101 ____ 331

Belles v. Kelluer ................. Negligence ......... 67 N. J. L. 255.. .429

Benedict v. Minneapolis etc. R. ) D ., OK \m nn* ><-

D > natluxtys .......... 86 Minn. 224 .... 34o

Billington v. Jones ............... Wills .............. 108 Tenn. 234 ... .751

Bostick v. Jacobs ................ Foreclosure ........ 133 Ala. 344 ...... 36

Buffalo Zinc etc. Co. v. Crump ____ Taxation .......... 70 Ark. 525 ...... 87

Burrows v. Western Union Tel. Co. Checks ............ 86 Minn. 499 . . , .380

Cailihan v. Washington Water ) E, ., n - w u -IKA

Power Co [" ^ m ^ ence ........... 2/ Wash. 154 - - 829

Campbell v. Manufacturers' Nat. ) D n ? c7 xr T r om ,><>

U * . V Bank Cashier ...... 67 .N. J . L. oOL. .438

Campbell v. State ................ Res GesUie. ........ 133 Ala. 81 ....... 17

Cedar Canyon Consolidated Min. J Cot(nancy ......... 27 Wagh< 2 71 .... 841

Chamberlain v. Wood ............ Suffrage .......... 15 S. Dak. 216. . .674

Chappell v. Puget Sound Reduc- ) n -i \v u ct

tion Co [ C nversion ......... 27 >\ ash. 63 .... 820

Close v. Riddle .................. Interest ........... 40 Or. 592 ....... 580

Commonwealth v. Goldstein ...... Trial .............. 180 Mass. 374 - - 31 1

!^ . ; \fnierpleader ....... 23 R. I. 1 ....... 590



Cotter v. Lynn etc. R. R. Co ...... Negligence ......... 180 Mass. 145 - - 267

Cottrell v. Griffiths .............. Partition ........... 108 Tenn. 191 - - 748

De Ruiter v. De Ruiter ........... Divorce ........... 28 Ind. App. 9 . . 107

Diana Shooting Club v. Lamoreux . Public Lands ...... 114 Wis. 44 ...... 898

Ditmar v. Ditniar ................ Divorce ............ 27 Wash. 13 ..... 817

Downey v. Gemini Mining Co ..... Master and Servant. 24 Utah, 431 - - 798

Downing v. Nicholson ............ Wills ............. 115 Iowa, 493 ..... 175



12 CASES REPORTED.



BUBJECT. REPORT. PASI.

Earle v. Commonwealth ......... Emintnt Domain ... 180 Mass. 579 .... 326

Engstrand v. Kleffman ........... Judgments ........ 86 Minn. 403 .... 359

Feller v. Gates ................... Official Bond ....... 40 Or. 543 .....

First National Bank v. Tyson ..... Nuisance .......... 133 Ala. 459 ____

Fivey v. Pennsylvania R. R. Co. . .Fraud ............. 67 N. J. L. 627 . .445

Folsom v. Barrett ................ Liens ............. 180 Mass. 439 ..... 320

Foote, Ex parte .................. Nuisance .......... 70 Ark. 12 ...... 63

Fort Smith v. Scruggs ............ Mining Claim ...... 70 Ark. 549 ..... 100

French v. Robb .................. Ejectment. ......... 67 N. J. L. 260 . .433

Frick v. Fritz .................... Chattel Mortgage. ..115 Iowa, 438 ..... 165

Frith & Co. v. Hollan ............ Sales .............. 133 Ala. 583 ...... 54

Gibson v. Torbert ................ Druggists .......... 115 Iowa, 163 ..... 147

Gillis v. Goodwin ................ Infants ........... 180 Mass. 140 ____ 265

Gilmore v. Lampman ............. Process ............ 86 Minn. 493 ..... 376

Gleason v. Smith ................. Negligence ......... 180 Mass. 6 ...... 261

Goodwin v. Ray ................. Bailment .......... 108 Tenn. 614 ____ 761

Gorman v. Budlong .............. Negligence ......... 23 R. I. 169 ..... 629

Gray v. Telegraph Company ...... j ^^Companies \ 108 Tenn< 3& ..... 706

Hall v. Keller .................... Sales .............. 64 Kan. 211 ..... 209

Hathaway v. McDonald ......... Pure Food Law ____ 27 Wash. 659. . . .889

Herman v. Schlesingcr ......... ...Attorney and Client. Ill Wis. 382 ..... 922

Hicks v. Swift Creek Mill Co ...... License. ............ 133 Ala. 411 ...... 38

Hoitians v. Boston Elevated Ry. Co . Damages ........... 180 Mass. 456 . . . .324

Homer v. Barr Pumping Engine Co. Receivers .......... 180 Mass. 163 .... 269

Hughes v. Goodale ............... Judgments ........ 26 Mont. 93 ..... 410

Huntington v. Shute ............. Bills and Notes ..... 180 Mass. 371 ..... 309

Insurance Co. v. Dunscomb ....... Insurance .......... 108 Tenn. 724 ____ 769

Jenkins v. Jensen ................ Limitations ......... 24 Utah, 108 . . . .783

Jordan v. Andrus ................ Constitutional Law. . 26 Mont. 37 ..... 396

Kares v. Covell .................. Vendor and Vendee. 180 Mass. 206 ..... 271

Kelly v. Pittsburgh etc. R. R. Co .Limitations ......... 28 Ind. App. 457 . 134

Kelly v. State ................... Bastardy .......... 133 Ala. 195 ...... 25

Kolb v. Union R. R. Co .......... Witnesses ......... 23 R. I. 72 ...... 614

Ladd v. Holmes ........... , ...... Primary Election ... 40 Or. 167 ....... 457

Lowery v. Cate .................. Infancy ............ 108 Tenn. 54 ..... 744

Mach v. Blanchard ............... Judgments ....... . 15 S. Dak. 432. . .698

Miigoun v. Fireman's Fund Ins. Co . Insurance ......... 86 Minn. 486. . . .370

Mallow v. Walker ............... Undue Influence . ..115 Iowa, 238 ____ 158

Me Arthur v. Clark ............... Partition .......... 86 Minn.; 165 ____ 333

McCaffrey v. Mossberg etc. Mfg. ) ,, ,.

Co..... ........... . ....... .. \Xe<jh<Jtnce ......... 23 R. I. 381 ..... G37

McCarrier v. Hollister ............ Negligence ......... 15 S. Dak. 366. ..695

McClure v. Dee .................. Covenants ......... 115 Iowa, 546 ..... 181

McDonald v. Brown .............. Libel .............. 23 R. I. 546.. ..659



CASKS REPORTED. 13

NAM. SUBJECT. REPORT. PAGE.

McFarlane v. Grober Tax Title, 70 Ark. 371 84

McMullen v. Winfield B. ft L. Assn. Official Bonds 64 Kan. 298 236

Miller v. Evans Criminal Law 115 Iowa, 101 ....143

Missouri etc. Ry. Co. r. Simonson. Constitutional Law. . 64 Kan. 802 248

Nichols v. Oregon Short Line ) n _ . TT . , _
R. R. Co, f Carriers 24 Utah, 83 77S

Noble v. Gadsden Land etc. Co. ... Corporation*. 133 Ala. 250. 27

Northern Pac. Ry. Co. v. Owens . . Officers 86 Minn. 188 336

Norton, In re : De Facto Court 64 Kan. 842 255

Openshaw T. Halfin Constitutional Law. . 24 Utah, 426 796

^oJ.r:.^ 1 .^.^.. 1 ^! }' 23 R- ! *57 643

PadficStetes Savings etc. Co. r. J ^^ 4Q Qr 28Q ^

Parker v. Hughes Elections 64 Kan. 216 216

Paulton v. Keith Process 23 R. I. 164 624

Pepin v. Societe St. Jean Baptiste . Benefit Society 23 R. I. 81 620

Pittsburgh etc. Ry. Co. v. Parish .Railways 28 Ind. App. 189.120

Railroad r. Bentz Negligence 108 Tenn. 670 763

Railroad v. Kly man Passengers. 108 Tenn. 304 755

Rossmiller v. State Right to Ice 114 Wis. 169 910

Roth v. Merchants' etc. Bank Patent Right 70 Ark. 200 80

Russell v. Davis Fraud. Conveyances. 133 Ala. 647 56

Rust Land etc. Co. v. Isom Confusion of Goods . 70 Ark. 99 68

Rutherford v. Paddock Slander 180 Mass. 289 282

Salem v. Anson Bond. 40 Or. 339 485

Shobert v. May Negligence 40 Or. 68 453

Skinner v. Moore Homestead 64 Kan. 360 244

Smith v. Aetna Life Ins. Co Insurance 115 Iowa, 217 153

Smith v. State Larceny 133 Ala. 145 21

Spelman v. Gold Coin Mining etc. ) ^^ ^ , rf ^ 2g M(mt< 76 . . . . 402

Uo \

St. Louis etc. Ry. Co. v. Wilson . .Carriers 70 Ark. 136 74

State v. Bonofiglio Homicide 67 N. J. L. 239.. 423

State v. Caddy Former Jeopardy. .. 15 S. Dak. 167 ... 666

State v. King Criminal Trial 24 Utah, 482 808

State v. Kreutzberg Labor Unions 114 Wis. 530 934

State v. Terline Perjury 23 R. I. 530 650

State v. Toole Public Contract 26 Mont. 22 386

State v. Wright Mandamus 26 Mont. 540 4'21

State v. Zimmerman Board of Health. ... 86 Minn. 353 .... 351

Thompson v. Harris Slander 64 Kan. 124 187

Tobin v. McKinney Limitations 14 S. Dak. 52 688

1'obin v. McKinney Limitations 15 S. Dak. 257 ... 694

Tolerton etc. Co. T. Roberts Mortgage 115 Iowa, 474 171



14 CASES REPORTED.

KAMI. BUBJICT. XCPORT. PAGK.

Walsh v. Loorem Negligence 180 Maas. 18 263

Wendel r. Spokane County Counties 27 Wash. 121 825

Worce.ter etc. Ry. Co. T. Trarel- l lnguran ce... ..180 Mass. 263. ...275

era In*. Co. )



AMERICAN STATE REPORTS.

VOLUME 91.



CASES

IN THE

SUPREME COURT

or

ALABAMA.



CAMPBELL v. STATE.

[133 Ala. 81, 31 South. 802.]

EVIDENCE Res Gestae. Whenever Evidence of an act ia
in itself admissible as a material fact, and is so admitted, the declara-
tions accompanying and characterizing the act are a part of the
res gestae, and are admissible in explanation of the act. (p. 19.)